Fungsi :
1. Menyatakan suatu kebiasaan (habitual action) atau kegiatan yang terjadi berulang-
ulang atau terus menerus sampai sekarang.
2. Menyatakan kebenaran umum (general truth).
3. Membicarakan hal akan datang dalam hal ini berkenaan dengan jadwal, program,
acara, atau kegiatan lain yang terencana dan atau berseri.
4. Menyataka perintah (imperative sentence).
Keterangan Waktu :
Everyday/night/week/morning, once a week
Always, usually, sometimes, seldom, generally,
Often, never, now and the, on and off, habitually
Contoh :
(+) You study English at MEC everyday.
(-) You don't study English at MEC
everyday.
(?) Do you study English at MEC
everyday?
I pass the house. She washes her
You watch television. clothes.
We wash our clocthes. She watches television.
They go to office. He studies English
I study English
He passes the house.
John goes to office.
Present Continuous Tense
Note:
Pola Kalimat Verbal: (Menggunakan Kata Kerja) See, hear, smell,
(+) S + to be (is, am, are) + Ving + keterangan waktu. hate, love, care,
(-) S + to be (is, am, are) + not + Ving + keterangan waktu. forget,
(?) To be (is, am, are) + S + Ving + O + keterangan waktu? understand,
know
Pola Kalimat Nominal: (Menggunakan Kata Benda)
(+) S + to be (is, am, are) + being +C
(-) S + to be (is, am, are) + not + being + C
(?) To be (is, am, are) + S + being+ C?
Fungsi :
1. Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung sekarang (now) atau sekitar
waktu pembicaraan (around the time of speaking)
2. Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang akan segera terjadi dan kata keterangan (tonight,
tomorrow) harus disebutkan.
3. Bisa digunakan untuk menunjuk pada peristiwa yang terjadi berulang-ulang dengan
tambahan keterangan always, forever, constantly.
Keterangan waktu : now, at this moment, right now, today, this year, etc.
Contoh :
(+) We are studying English at BEC now.
(-) We aren't studying English at BEC now
(?) Are we studying English at BEC now?
My brother is painting the house.
Please be quiet! The baby is sleeping.
Listen! The neighbors are quarrelling
again.
I am living with my friend until I can find a
house.
This machine is not working well.
John is living in his friend's flat at the
moment
I am meeting my father at the station
tomorrow morning.
We are holidaying in Europe next month.
My father is having a meeting with his staff
tomorrow morning.
Present Perfect Tense
Pola Kalimat Verbal: (Menggunakan Kata Kerja)
(+) S + have/has + V3 + keterangan waktu.
(-) S + have/has+ not + V3 + keterangan waktu.
(?) Have/has + S + V3 + O + keterangan waktu?
Fungsi :
Menunjukkan suatu kejadian atau peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu lampau dan masih
ada hubungannya dengan waktu sekarang atau akibatnya dapat dilihat/dirasakan
sekarang dimana hal tersebut telah selesai pada saat berbicara.
Keterangan waktu : since…..,for….,already, just, yet, all the day, ever, never, etc.
Contoh :
(+) We have visited him.
(-) we have not/haven’t visited him
(?) Have we visited him?
• We have occupied this house for seven years. (Kami sudah menempati rumah ini
selama tujuh tahun)
• My brother has studied English for seven months. (Saudara saya sudah belajar
bahasa Inggris selama tujuh bulan)
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Pola Kalimat Verbal: (Menggunakan Kata Kerja)
(+) S + have/has + been+ Ving + keterangan waktu.
(-) S + have/has+ not + been +Ving + keterangan waktu.
(?) Have/has + S + been+ Ving + O + keterangan waktu?
Fungsi :
Menyatakan suatu kejadian atau peristiwa yang dimulai pada masa lalu dan sekarang
masih berlangsung (belum selesai).
Keterangan waktu : since…..,for….,already, just, yet, all the day, ever, never, etc.
Contoh :
Mila has been working in Jakarta for three years.
Exercise
1. Listen, can you hear those people next door? They…… at each other again
A. shout B. are shouting C. will shout D. Have been shouting
3. Kevin is studying. He began studying three hours ago. He…….. For three hours.
A. Have studied B. has been studied C. has been studying D. have been studying
4. Mary is working in Jakarta. She started working three on 18 January. She…… since 18
January
A. has been working B. works C. will work D. have worked
Keterangan waktu: yesterday, last….., this morning, …..before,…..ago, just now, etc.
Contoh:
• John went to Spain last year (John pergi ke spanyol tahun lalu)
• Doni usually swam every Friday when he was a child (Doni biasa berenang
setiap jumat dulu waktu dia kecil)
Past Continuous Tense
Menyatakan sesuatu yang sedang terjadi pada masa lampau pada saat
kejadian lain terjadi.