LAPORAN RESMI

PRAKTIKUM ANALISA INTI BATUAN

(AIB)

DISUSUN OLEH :

Nama

: Arief Rachmat Fatharoni

NIM

: 1101035

Kelompok

: 1 (Satu) A

JURUSAN S1 TEKNIK PERMINYAKAN

SEKOLAH TINGGI TEKNOLOGI MINYAK & GAS BUMI
BALIKPAPAN
2012
i

LAPORAN RESMI
PRAKTIKUM ANALISA INTI BATUAN
Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Praktikum Analisa Inti Batuan
Tahun Akademik 2012
Jurusan S1. Teknik Perminyakan
Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Minyak dan Gas Bumi Balikpapan

Disusun Oleh
Nama

: Arief Rachmat Fatharoni

NIM

: 1101035

Kelompok : 1 (Satu) A

Dengan Hasil Penilaian :

Balikpapan, D M Y

Disetujui oleh

Dosen Pembibing Praktikum

Asisten Praktikum

Karmila, ST

Erina Suhartini

ii

LEMBAR ASISTENSI
PRAKTIKUM ANALISA INTI BATUAN
Nama

Arief Rachmat Fatharoni

NIM

1101035

Jurusan

S1. Teknik Perminyakan

Kelompok

1 (satu) A

No.

Tanggal

1.

31 Oktober 2012

Asistensi
-

Gambar dirapikan, ukuran disamakan

Kesimpulan minimal 6

Teori Dasar minimal 3 halaman

Istilah asing diberi Italic

Penulisan rumus diperbaiki

Penulisan halaman tiap awal bab

diletakkan di tengah, halaman
selanjutnya di kanan atas

2.

3.

5 November 2012

6 November
dsdsffdf
2012

Keterangan grafik diperbaiki

Daftar Pustaka dibuat

Daftar Isi diberi spasi 1

Hasil perhitungan di BOLD

Gambar diperbaiki

Format dirapikan

Keterangan gambar diperbaiki

FINAL REPORT

iii

Paraf

KATA PENGANTAR

Dengan mengucapkan puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT, karena rahmat dan
hidayah-Nya sehingga pada kesempatan ini saya dapat menyusun Laporan Resmi
tentang Praktikum Analisa Inti Batuan (AIB).
Dalam upaya penulisan laporan resmi ini tidak sedikit hambatan yang saya alami,
namun dengan kebesaran-Nya dan bantuan serta dorongan dari berbagai pihak
sehingga hambatan-hambatan tersebut dapat diatasi. Untuk itu penulis mengucapkan
terima kasih kepada :

1. Ibu Karmila, ST, selaku dosen mata kuliah Mekanika Reservoir

2. Erina Suhartini, selaku asisten praktikum analisa inti batuan kelompok 1A dan
selalu memberikan solusi serta jawaban yang membantu proses pembelajaran
3. Ayah Didik Harjono dan Ibu Murtini, kedua orang tua yang selalu
membimbing saya untuk menuju hidup yang lebih baik
4. Teman teman kelompok serta sahabat yang telah membantu menyelesaikan
laporan resmi ini.

Penulis memahami apabila laporan resmi yang dibuat ini memiliki kekurangan,
oleh karena itu penulis mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang membangun agar penulis
dapat meningkatkan kualitas penulisan. Akhir kata saya berharap semoga laporan
resmi ini bermanfaat bagi yang memerlukan sebagai pembelajaran. Amien

Balikpapan, D M Y

Penulis

iv

DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ..............................................................................................

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ...................................................................................
LEMBAR ASISTENSI ..........................................................................................
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................
DAFTAR ISI ...........................................................................................................
DAFTAR GAMBAR ..............................................................................................
DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................................................
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ..........................................................................................

i
ii
iii
iv
v
viii
x
xi

BAB I

PENDAHULUAN ..................................................................................
1.1. Pengertian Analisa Inti Batuan .........................................................
1.2. Karakteristik Batuan Reservoir ........................................................
1.3. Analisa Batuan Reservoir .................................................................

1
1
2
2

BAB II

PENGUKURAN POROSITAS .............................................................

2.1. Tujuan Percobaan .............................................................................
2.2. Teori Dasar .......................................................................................
2.3. Peralatan dan Bahan ..........................................................................
2.3.1. Alat ..........................................................................................
2.3.2. Bahan .......................................................................................
2.4 Prosedur Percobaan ...........................................................................
2.4.1. Pengukuran Porositas dengan Cara Menimbang ......................
2.4.2. Pengukuran Porositas dengan Cara Mercury Injection Pump ..
2.4.2.1. Ketentuan Penggunaan Porometer ...............................
2.4.2.2. Prosedur Penentuan Porositas ......................................
2.5. Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan .....................................................
2.5.1. Analisa .....................................................................................
2.5.1.1. Penentuan Porositas dengan Cara Menimbang ...........
2.5.1.2. Penentuan Porositas dengan cara Mercury Injection
Pump ..............................................................................
2.5.2. Perhitungan ..............................................................................
2.6. Pembahasan ......................................................................................
2.7. Kesimpulan .......................................................................................

4
4
4
10
10
10
13
13
13
13
14
16
16
16

BAB III PENGUKURAN SATURASI FLUIDA ................................................

3.1. Tujuan Percobaan .............................................................................
3.2. Teori Dasar .......................................................................................
3.3. Peralatan dan Bahan ..........................................................................

20
20
20
21

16
16
17
19

3.3.1. Alat ..........................................................................................

3.3.2. Bahan .......................................................................................
3.4. Prosedur Percobaan ..........................................................................
3.5. Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan .....................................................
3.5.1. Analisa .....................................................................................
3.5.2. Perhitungan ..............................................................................
3.6. Pembahasan ......................................................................................
3.7. Kesimpulan .......................................................................................

21
21
25
26
26
26
27
27

BAB IV PENGUKURAN PERMEABILITAS ..................................................

4.1. Tujuan Percobaan .............................................................................
4.2. Teori Dasar .......................................................................................
4.3. Peralatan dan Bahan ..........................................................................
4.3.1. Peralatan ..................................................................................
4.3.2. Bahan .......................................................................................
4.4. Prosedur Percobaan ..........................................................................
4.4.1. Prosedur Gas Permeameter ......................................................
4.5. Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan .....................................................
4.5.1. Analisa .....................................................................................
4.5.2. Perhitungan ..............................................................................
4.6. Pembahasan ......................................................................................
4.7. Kesimpulan .......................................................................................

29
29
29
34
34
34
36
36
38
38
39
39
41

BAB V

SIEVE ANALYSIS .................................................................................

5.1. Tujuan Percobaan .............................................................................
5.2. Teori Dasar .......................................................................................
5.3. Peralatan dan Bahan ..........................................................................
5.3.1. Peralatan ..................................................................................
5.3.2. Bahan .......................................................................................
5.4. Prosedur Percobaan ..........................................................................
5.5. Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan .....................................................
5.5.1. Analisa .....................................................................................
5.5.2. Perhitungan ..............................................................................
5.6. Pembahasan ......................................................................................
5.7. Kesimpulan .......................................................................................

43
43
43
45
45
46
47
48
48
49
51
53

BAB VI PENETUAN KADAR LARUTAN SAMPEL DALAM LARUTAN

ASAM .....................................................................................................
6.1. Tujuan Percobaan .............................................................................
6.2. Teori Dasar .......................................................................................
6.3. Peralatan dan Bahan ..........................................................................
6.3.1. Peralatan ..................................................................................
6.3.2. Bahan .......................................................................................

54
54
54
56
56
56

vi

6.4. Prosedur Percobaan ..........................................................................

6.5. Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan .....................................................
6.5.1. Analisa ...................................................................................
6.5.2. Perhitungan ............................................................................
6.6. Pembahasan ......................................................................................
6.7. Kesimpulan .......................................................................................

59
59
59
60
60
61

BAB VII PENENTUAN TEKANAN KAPILER PADA SAMPLE BATUAN

RESERVOIR .........................................................................................
7.1. Tujuan Percobaan .............................................................................
7.2. Teori Dasar .......................................................................................
7.3. Peralatan dan Bahan ..........................................................................
7.3.1. Peralatan ..................................................................................
7.3.2. Bahan .......................................................................................
7.4. Prosedur Percobaan ..........................................................................
7.4.1. Kalibrasi Alat ...........................................................................
7.4.2. Prosedur Untuk Menentukan Tekanan Kapiler .......................
7.5. Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan .....................................................
7.5.1. Analisa ...................................................................................
7.5.2. Perhitungan ............................................................................
7.6. Pembahasan ......................................................................................
7.7. Kesimpulan .......................................................................................

62
62
62
64
64
65
68
68
70
72
72
74
76
79

BAB VIII PEMBAHASAN UMUM ..................................................................... 80

BAB IX KESIMPULAN UMUM .......................................................................... 85
DAFTAR PUSTAKA

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1.

Distribusi Kumulatif Ukuran Butiran dari Graywacke

a. Batu pasir b. Shalysand .......................................................
Gambar 2.2.
Timbangan Digital ....................................................................
Gambar 2.3.
Rangkaian Alat Porometer .......................................................
Gambar 2.4.
Vacum Pump ............................................................................
Gambar 2.5.
Beaker Glass Ceper ..................................................................
Gambar 2.6.
Core ..........................................................................................
Gambar 2.7.
Kerosine ....................................................................................
Gambar 3.1.
Skema Stark Dean Destilation Apparatur .................................
Gambar 3.2.
Solvent Exctractor ....................................................................
Gambar 3.3.
Oven ..........................................................................................
Gambar 3.4.
Gelas Ukur ................................................................................
Gambar 3.5.
Exicator .....................................................................................
Gambar 3.6.
Retort ........................................................................................
Gambar 3.7.
Timbangan Analisis ..................................................................
Gambar 3.8.
Core ..........................................................................................
Gambar 3.9.
Air .............................................................................................
Gambar 3.10.
Minyak ......................................................................................
Gambar 4.1.
Hubungan Ukuran Butiran dengan Permeabilitas ....................
Gambar 4.2.
Diagram Percobaan Permeabilitas ............................................
Gambar 4.3.
Thermometer ............................................................................
Gambar 4.4.
Triple Range Flowmeter ...........................................................
Gambar 4.5.
Pressure Gauge .........................................................................
Gambar 4.6.
Gas inlet .....................................................................................
Gambar 4.7
Gas outlet ..................................................................................
Gambar 4.8.
Rangkaian Gas Permeameter ....................................................
Gambar 4.9.
Fresh Core .................................................................................
Gambar Grafik 4.1.K Terhadap 1/P ......................................................................
Gambar 5.1.
Elektrik Sieve Shacker...............................................................
Gambar 5.2.
Tyler Sieve ASTM ....................................................................
Gambar 5.3.
Mortal dan Pastle ......................................................................
Gambar 5.4.
Torison Balance ........................................................................
Gambar 5.5.
Batuan Reservoir ......................................................................
Gambar Grafik 5.1.Hubungan Opening Diameter Vs % Berat Kumulatif ..............
Gambar 6.1.
Mortal dan Pastle ......................................................................
Gambar 6.2.
Erlenmenyer ..............................................................................

viii

10
11
11
11
12
12
12
22
22
22
23
23
23
24
24
24
25
30
31
34
34
35
35
35
36
36
40
46
46
46
47
47
51
57
57

Gambar 6.3.
Oven ..........................................................................................
Gambar 6.4.
Core ..........................................................................................
Gambar 6.5.
HCL atau Acid ..........................................................................
Gambar 6.6.
Methyl Orange ..........................................................................
Gambar 7.1.
Mercury Injection Capillary Pressure Apparatus .....................
Gambar 7.2.
Vacum Gauge ...........................................................................
Gambar 7.3.
Sample Holder ..........................................................................
Gambar 7.4.
Pump Plunger ...........................................................................
Gambar 7.5.
Travelling Yoke ........................................................................
Gambar 7.6.
Make-up Nut .............................................................................
Gambar 7.7.
Pump Cylinder ..........................................................................
Gambar 7.8.
Picnometer Lid .........................................................................
Gambar 7.9.
Pressure Control .......................................................................
Gambar 7.10
Pressure relief valve ..................................................................
Gambar 7.11
Core ..........................................................................................
Gambar Grafik 7.1.Hubungan Correct Pressure (atm) dan Mercury Saturation (%)
Gambar Grafik 7.2.Hubungan Volume (cc) dan Pressure (atm) .............................

ix

57
58
58
58
65
65
65
66
66
66
67
67
67
68
68
75
78

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1.
Tabel 4.1.
Tabel 4.2
Tabel 5.1.
Tabel 5.2.
Tabel 7.1.
Tabel 7.2.

Ukuran Porositas .......................................................................

Klasifikasi Permeabilitas ..........................................................
Data Permeabilitas Absolute dan 1/ P ...................................
Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan .............................................
Opening Diameter dan % Berat Kumulatif ..............................
Pengukuran Tekanan Kapiler ...................................................
Hubungan Antara Pressure dan Volume ..................................

9
30
40
49
51
72
73

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

1. Pengukuran Porositas
2. Pengukuran Permeabilitas
3. Pengukuran Saturasi Fluida
4. Sieve Analysis
5. Penentuan Kadar Larutan Sampel Dalam Larutan Asam
6. Penetuan Tekanan Kapiler Pada Sampel Batuan Reservoir
7. Tugas Pendahulan

xi