Efisiensi dan Efektivitas Belanja Publik Kabupaten Sampang (Studi Program Wajib Belajar)

By : Mo ammad Wasil
!BS"#!K Mohammad Wasil: Pascasarjana Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Brawijaya, 23 o!em"er 2#$#% Efisiensi dan Efektivitas Belanja Publik Kabupaten Sampang (Studi Program Wajib Belajar)$ &etua Pem"im"in': Umar Burhan, &omisi Pem"im"in': (andra Fajri )nanda% Penelitian ini dilakukan atas dasar "ahwa !em"an'unan sum"er daya manusia khususnya "idan' !endidikan dasar "elum da!at dikatakan "erhasil% *alam u!aya !em"an'unan !endidikan dasar di!erlukan "elanja !u"lik !ro'ram waji" "elajar% +alah satu yan' harus di!erhatikan adalah "a'aimana tin'kat e,isiensi dan e,ektivitas "elanja !u"lik se"a'ai u!aya untuk men'o!timalkan !ro'ram !emerataan akses dan mutu !endidikan di &a"u!aten +am!an'% -ujuan !enelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskri!sikan, men'analisis dan men'inter!retasikan e,isiensi "elanja !u"lik !ro'ram waji" "elajar dan e,ektivitas ca!aian !emerataan akses dan mutu !endidikan dasar, kendala dalam !enca!aian standar !elayanan minimal !endidikan% Metode !enelitian yan' di'unakan adalah metode !enelitian kuantitati, deskri!ti% +um"er data "erasal dari dokumen la!oran kerja "u!ati, dis!endaloka, "adan !usat statistik dan dinas !endidikan% *ata dianalisis den'an mem"andin'akan !ersentase, mendeskri!sikan, dan menarik kesim!ulan% .asil !enelitian menunjukkan "ahwa "elanja !u"lik !ro'ram waji" "elajar dinas !endidikan di &a"u!aten +am!an' "elum e,isien, dise"a"kan "e"era!a !ro'ram yan' tidak terlaksana% (a!aian e,ektivitas "elum o!timal dilihat diri an'ka melanjutkan dan an'ka !utus sekolah !ada jenjan' sekolah dasar/sederajat, sedan'kan untuk sekolah menen'ah !ertama/sederajat ditunjukkan oleh an'ka !artisi!asi dan an'ka !utus sekolah yan' mele"ihi standar !elayanan minimal% Pro'ram waji" "elajar selama tahun !elaksanaannya, tahun 2##0 secara relati, !alin' mendekati e,isien den'an !resentase #,01 dari!ada tahun 2##1 menca!ai selisih #,2#% -idak terlaksananya !ro'ram dan adanya kecenderun'an untuk men'ha"iskan an''aran den'an melakukan "elanja a!aratur adalah ,aktor utama ketidak e,isienan "elanja% Penye"a" tidak terca!ainya e,ektivitas adalah 3$4 rendahnya an'ka melanjtukan ke jenjan' sekolah dasar/sederajat dise"a"kan tidak tercatatnya an'ka melanjutkan ke jenjan' sekolah non ,ormal, 324 tin''inya an'ka !utus sekolah dasar terjadi !ada kelas satu, selain rendahnya kom!etensi 'uru latar "elakan' siswa yan' tidak melalui taman kanak5kanak menjadi !enentu kesia!an siswa masuk sekolah, 334 tin''inya an'ka !utus sekolah menen'ah !ertama/sederajat, dan kuran'nya kesadaran masyarakat akan !endidikan% Pemerintah &a"u!aten +am!an' melalui dinas !endidikan !erlu melakukan e,isiensi dan e,ektivitas terhada! "elanja !u"lik !ro'ram Wajar% +alah satu caranya yan' da!at dilakukan den'an melakuakan !erencanaan an''aran "elanja sam!ai den'an "iaya !ro'ram yan' akan diterima oleh masyarakat% Untuk menca!ai standar !elayanan minimal dinas !endidikan !erlu melakukan !encatatan terhada! anak usia 2$3 tahun yan' melanjutkan sekolah !ada !endidikan non5,ormal, melakukan !endistri"usian dan !enin'katan kom!etensi 'urus sekolah dasar, dan mem"erikan !emahaman5!emahaman !entin'nya melanjutkan sekolah !ada oran' tua mau!un !ada !eserta didik% &ata &unci: E,isiensi "elanja !u"lik, e,ektivitas "elanja !u"lik, !ro'ram wajar%

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!BS"#!%" Mohammad Wasil: Post'raduate Economics Faculty o, Brawijaya University, overm"er 23th 2#$#% -he E,,iciency and E,,ectiveness o, +am!an' *istrict Education 6,,ice7s 3(ase +tudy on (om!ulsory Education Pro'ram4% +u!ervisor: Umar Burhan, cosu!ervisor: (andra Fajri )nanda% -his research was conducted "ased on the ,act that the human resources develo!ment5 es!ecially on "asic education area5can7t "e said to succeed% 8n an e,,ort to develo! "asic education needs !u"lic e9!enditure on com!ulsory education !ro'ram% 6ne thin' that must "e critici:ed is on how the e,,iciency and e,,ectiveness level o, !u"lic e9!enditure in,luence the e,,ort to o!timi:e access e;uali:ation !ro'ram and ;uality o, education in +am!an' *istrict% -he !ur!ose o, this research was to descri"e, analy:e, and inter!ret the e,,iciency o, !u"lic e9!enditure on com!ulsory education !ro'ram and the e,,ectiveness o, access e;uali:ation achievement ;uality o, "asic education% -his research also analy:es the constraints in achievin' minimum service standards o, education% <esearch method in order to analy:e the e,,iciency and e,,ectiveness o, !u"lic e9!enditure was usin' descri!tive ;uantitative research methods% +ources o, data were derived ,rom re'ent7s work re!ort documents, *is!endaloka, statistics central a'encies, and education o,,ice% *ata were analy:ed "y com!arin' !ercenta'es, descri"in' results, and drawin' conclusions% -he analysis research showed that !u"lic e9!enditure o, +am!an' *istrict on com!ulsory education !ro'ram is not e,,icient, due to nothin'ness reali:ation o, some !ro'rams% -he outcomes7 e,,ectiveness is not o!timum, it can "e seen ,rom continuin' and dro!out rate num"er o, !rimary school level/ or e;uivalent, while ,or junior secondary school level/ or e;uivalent is indicated "y !artici!ation rates and dro!out rates which e9ceed the minimum service standards% *urin' e9ecution years o, com!ulsory education !ro'ram, year o, 2##0 is relatively most e,,icient with #,01 !ercenta'e than the year o, 2##1 with reached #,2# in di,,erence% on !er,ormance !ro'rams and tendency to s!end the "ud'et "y s!endin' on a!!aratus7 needs are the major ,actors o, ine,,iciency e9!enditure% While the cause o, ,ailure to achieve e,,ectiveness are: 3$4 =ow num"er o, continuin' to !rimary school/ or e;uivalent due to not carryin' num"er the learners who continue to attend non5,ormal school% 324 .i'h rates o, !rimary school dro!outs occur in ,irst 'rade, this is not only "ecause the teacher with low com!etence, "ut also "ecause the students7 "ack'round did not throu'h kinder'arten which determine students7 readiness to attend school% 334 .i'h rates o, secondary school dro!outs "ecause lack o, community awareness toward education% +am!an' *istrict 'overnment throu'h education o,,ice needs to make e,,iciency and e,,ectiveness o, !u"lic e9!enditure on com!ulsory education !ro'ram% 6ne way that can "e done "y reducin' the "ud'et until the cost o, the !ro'ram "e acce!ted "y society% -o achieve a minimum service atandard, education o,,ice needs to kee! records o, children a'ed 25$3 years who attend school in non5,ormal education, make a 'ood distri"ution o, elementary school teachers and increase their com!etence, and !rovide insi'hts on the im!ortance o, continuin' school to !arents and learners% &eywords: E,,iciency o, !u"lic e9!enditure, e,,ectiveness o, !u"lic e9!enditure, com!ulsory education !ro'ram%

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