Rancangan Propeller Optimum Kapal Ikan
Rancangan Propeller Optimum Kapal Ikan
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang propeller dengan parameter optimum untuk kapal ikan
tradisional dalam rangka meningkatkan efisiensi propulsi. Pengambilan data dilakukan di Pengambengan,
Negara. Observasi dilakukan terhadap keberadaan perahu nelayan dan sistem propulsi yang digunakan.
Data utama yang digunakan sebagai dasar rancangan propeller meliputi kecepatan kapal, spesifikasi motor
induk dan sistem transmisinya serta parameter utama badan kapal. Optimasi parameter propeller dilakukan
dengan metode Kuiper berbasiskan torsi. Diagram open water propeller digunakan untuk analisis
hidrodinamis, sedangkan prediksi kinerja propeller dilakukan dengan prosedur prognosis kecepatan (speed
prognosis).
Penelitian menghasilkan propeller dengan parameter utama diameter (D) = 469 mm, rasio luasan
daun (BAR) = 0,394, rasio kisar (P/D) = 0,784 dan jumlah daun (Z) = 3. Analisis kinerja hidrodinamis
menunjukkan efisiensi open water mencapai 0.64, yaitu 20% lebih tinggi daripada propeller terpasang di
kapal. Pada putaran motor maksimum dengan rasio gear 1:3,22 propeller dapat mendorong kapal dengan
kecepatan 8,5 knot.
Kata kunci: propeller, sistem propulsi, kapal ikan
Design of Optimum Propeller for Traditional Fishing Boat
Abstract: Purpose of the current research is to design a propeller having optimum parameters intended for
traditional fishing boats in order to improve the propulsive efficiency. Data retrieval was carried out at
Pengambengan, Negara, through observation of existing boat and its propulsion system being used. The
main data as the basis of design process consist of boats speed, main engines specification as well as its
transmission system and the principal dimension of the boats hull. Optimization process was conducted
using Kuipers method on the basis of torque for optimum diameter. Open water characteristic diagram
was applied for hydrodynamic analysis while propeller performance was predicted using speed prognosis
procedure.
The result deals with a propeller with optimum diameter (D) = 469 mm, blade area ratio (BAR) =
0.394, Pitch ratio (P/D) = 0.784 blade number (Z) = 3. Open water efficiency of this propeller is in amount
of 0.64, 20% higher than those of installed in the boat. At the maximum rotation of main engine using gear
ratio of 1:3.22, this propeller able to move the boat at the speed of 8.5 knots.
Keywords: propeller, propulsion system, fishing boat
I.
PENDAHULUAN
METODE PENELITIAN
limit
10
30
-
0.7T
-
III.1.
SD
0.63
2,5
200
0,28
dimensi
25
635
12
304.8
0,48
0,35
satuan
inch
mm
inch
mm
-
BAR = 0,394
P/D = 0,784