Tugas 1 Komputasi Numerik

1. Tentukan deret Maclaurin dari fungsi berikut sampai lima suku pertama
a. () = ln( + 1)
b. () = 1 +
1
c. () 1=

2. Tentukan penyelesaian system non linear x2 5 = 0 dengan metode :

a. Newton Rapshon dengan nilai tebakan awal = 2
b. Bisection dengan batasan [2,3]
3. Gunakan metode Gauss Siedel untuk menyelesaikan persamaan linear berikut :
-3x1 + 3x2 + 7x3 = 4
x1 x2 + 2x3 = 3
4x1 4x2 + x3 = 5
4. Diketahui hasil dari eksponensial 1 sampai 5 ditunjukan pada table berikut
X
1 2,7183
2 7,3891
3 20,0855
4 54,5982
5 148,4132

Hitunglah nilai 25 dan errornya dengan cara :

a. Interpolasi linear berdasarkan data nilai 2 dan 3
b. Interpolasi polynomial order 2 berdasarkan data nilai 2 dan 3 dan 4
c. Interpolasi lagrange order 1
5. Selesaikanlah integrasi numeric menggunakan metode trapezium enam pais
6
dengan koreksi ujung untuk menghitung luasan dari 1 = 0 2 lebar pais = 1
 Jawab

1. Deret Maclaurin dari fungsi berikut sampai lima suku pertama

a. () = ln ( + 1)
(0) = ln (0 + 1) = ln(1) = 0
1
() = () = ( + 1)1
( + 1)
(0) = (0 + 1)1 = 11 = 1
() = 1( + 1)2 (0) = 1(0 + 1)2 = 1(12 ) = 1
() = 2( + 1)3 (0) = 2(0 + 1)3 = 2(13 ) = 2
() = 6( + 1)4 (0) = 6(0 + 1)4 = 6(14 ) = 6
() = 24( + 1)5 (0) = 24(0 + 1)5 = 24(15 ) = 24
2
() = () + (0) + (0) + + (0)
1! 2! !
2 3 4 5
() = 0 + 1 + (1) + (2) + (6) + (24)
1! 2! 3! 4! 5!
2 2 3 6 4 24 5
() = + +
1! 2! 3! 4! 5!
2 2 3 6 4 24 5
() = + +
1 2.1 3.2.1 4.3.2.1 5.4.3.2.1
2 2 3 6 4 24 5
() = + +
2 6 24 120
2 3 4 5
() = + +
2 3 4 5

b. () = 1 +
() = (1 + )1/2 (0) = (1 + 0)1/2 = 11/2 = 1
1 1 1 1
() = (1 + )1/2 (0) = (1 + 0)1/2 = (1)1/2 =
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
() = (1 + )3/2 (0) = (1 + 0)3/2 = (1)3/2 =
4 4 4 4
3 3 3 3
() = (1 + )5/2 (0) = (1 + 0)5/2 = (1)5/2 =
8 8 8 8
15 15 15 15
() = (1 + )7/2 (0) = (1 + 0)7/2 = (1)7/2 =
16 16 16 16
 105 105 105 105
() = (1 + )9/2 (0) = (1 + 0)9/2 = (1)9/2 =
32 32 32 32
2
() = () + (0) + (0) + + (0)
1! 2! !
1 2 1 3 3 4 15 5 105
() = 1 + ( ) + ( ) + ( ) + ( ) + ( )
1! 2 2! 4 3! 8 4! 16 5! 32
2 3 3 15 4 105 5
() = 1 + + +
2.1! 4.2! 8.3! 16.4! 32.5!
2 3 5 4 7 5
() = 1 + + +
2 8 16 128 256

1 1
c. () = () = () = (1 + )1
1+ 1+
1
(0) = (1 + (0))1 = (1 + 1)1 =
2
() = 1(1 )2
(0) = 1(1 (0))2 = 1(1 0)2 = 1(1)2 = 1
() = 2(1 )3
(0) = 2(1 (0))3 = 2(1 1)3 = 2(0)3 = 0
() = 6(1 + )4
(0) = 6(1 + (0))4 = 6(1 + 0)4 = 6(1)4 = 6
() = 24(1 + )5
3
(0) = 24(1 + (0))5 = 24(1 + 1)5 = 24(2)5 =
4
() = 120(1 )6
(0) = 120(1 (0))6 = 120(1 0)6 = 120(1)6 = 120
2
() = () + (0) + (0) + + (0)
1! 2! !
1 2 3 4 3 5
() = + (1) + (0) + (6) + ( ) + (120)
2 1! 2! 3! 4! 4 5!
1 6 3 3 4 120 5
() = +
2 1! 3! 4.4! 5!
1 4
() = 3 + 5
2 32
2. S System non linear x2 5 = 0 dengan metode :
a. Newton Rapshon dengan nilai tebakan awal = 2
() = 2 5 dengan x0=2
- Iterasi 1
(0 ) = 2 5 (0 ) = 22 5 = 1
() = 2
(0 ) = 2 (0 ) = 2 . 2 = 4
- Ietrasi 2
( )
(+1) =
( )
(0 ) 1
1 = 0 = 2 + = 2,25
(0 ) 4
(1 ) = 2 5 (1 ) = (2,25)2 5 = 0,0625
(1 ) = 2 (1 ) = 2 . 2,25 = 4,5
- Ietrasi 3
(1 ) 0,0625
2 = 1 = 2,25 = 2,23611
(1 ) 4,5
(2 ) = 2 5 (2 ) = (2,23611)2 5 = 0,0001879
(2 ) = 2 (2 ) = 2 . 2,23611 = 4,47222
- Ietrasi 4
(2 ) 0,0001879
3 = 2 = 2,23611 = 2,23607
(2 ) 4,47222
(3 ) = 2 5 (3 ) = (2,23607)2 5 = 0,000009
(3 ) = 2 (3 ) = 2 . 2,23607 = 4,47214
- Ietrasi 5
(3 ) 0,000009
4 = 3 = 2,23607 = 2,23607
(3 ) 4,47214
(4 ) = 2 5 (4 ) = (2,23607)2 5 = 0,000009
(4 ) = 2 (4 ) = 2 . 2,23607 = 4,47214
Akar persamaan x =2,23607
b. Metode Bisection untuk x2 5 = 0 dengan batasan [2,3]
- Iterasi 1
a1 = 2 (1 ) = 22 5 = 1 dan b1 = 3
1 + 1 2 + 3
1 = = = 2,5
2 2
(1 ) = 2,52 5 = 1,25
- Iterasi 2
Berdasarkan teorema 1: diperoleh (1 ). (1 ) < 0 = 1 . 1,25 < 0
Maka a2 = a1 = 2 dan b2 = x1 = 2,5 sehingga
(2 ) = (2)2 5 = 1
2 + 2 2 + 2,5
2 = = = 2,25
2 2
(2 ) = 2,252 5 = 0,0625
2 1 2,25 2,5
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 11,11 %
2 2,25
- Iterasi 3
(2 ). (2 ) < 0 = 1 . 0,0625 < 0
Maka a3 = a2 = 2 dan b3 = x2 = 2,25
(3 ) = (2)2 5 = 1
3 + 3 2 + 2,25
3 = = = 2,125
2 2
(3 ) = (2,125)2 5 = 4,48438
3 2 2,125 2,25
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 5,88 %
2 2,125
- Iterasi 4
(3 ). (3 ) > 0 = 1 . 4,48438 > 0
Maka a4 = x3 = 2,125 dan b4 = b3 = 2,25
(4 ) = (2,125)2 5 = 0,48438
4 + 4 2,125 + 2,25
4 = = = 2,1875
2 2
(4 ) = (2,1875)2 5 = 0,21484
4 3 2,1875 2,125
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 2,86 %
4 2,1875
- Iterasi 5
(4 ). (4 ) > 0 = 0,48438 . 0,21484 > 0
Maka a5 = x4 = 2,1875 dan b5 = b4 = 2,25
(5 ) = (2,1875)2 5 = 0,21484
5 + 5 2,1875 + 2,25
5 = = = 2,21875
2 2
(5 ) = (2,21875)2 5 = 0,07715
5 4 2,21875 2,1875
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 1,41 %
5 2,21875
- Iterasi 6
(5 ). (5 ) > 0 = 0,21484 . 0,07715 > 0
Maka a6 = x5 = 2,21875 dan b6 = b5 = 2,25
(6 ) = (2,21875)2 5 = 0,07715
6 + 6 2,21875 + 2,25
6 = = = 2,23438
2 2
(6 ) = (2,23438)2 5 = 0,00755
6 5 2,23438 2,21875
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 0,69 %
6 2,23438
- Iterasi 7
(6 ). (6 ) > 0 = 0,07715 . 0,00755 > 0
Maka a7 = x6 = 2,23438 dan b7 = b6 = 2,25
(7 ) = (2,23438)2 5 = 0,00755
7 + 7 2,23438 + 2,25
7 = = = 2,24219
2 2
(7 ) = (2,24219)2 5 = 0,02742
7 6 2,24219 2,23438
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 0,35 %
7 2,24219
- Iterasi 8
(7 ). (7 ) < 0 = 0,00755 . 0,02742 < 0
Maka a8 = a7 = 2,23438 dan b8 = x7 = 2,24219
(8 ) = (2,23438)2 5 = 0,00755
8 + 8 2,23438 + 2,24219
8 = = = 2,23829
2 2
 (8 ) = (2,23829)2 5 = 0,00994
8 7 2,23829 2,24219
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 0,17 %
8 2,23829
- Iterasi 9
(8 ). (8 ) < 0 = 0,00755 . 0,00994 < 0
Maka a9 = a8 = 2,23438 dan b9 = x8 = 2,23829
(9 ) = (2,23438)2 5 = 0,00755
9 + 9 2,23438 + 2,23829
9 = = = 2,23634
2 2
(9 ) = (2,23634)2 5 = 0,00122
9 9 2,23634 2,23829
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 0,09 %
9 2,23634
- Iterasi 10
(9 ). (9 ) < 0 = 0,00755 . 0,00122 < 0
Maka a10 = a9 = 2,23438 dan b10 = x9 = 2,23634
(10 ) = (2,23438)2 5 = 0,00755
10 + 10 2,23438 + 2,23634
10 = = = 2,23536
2 2
(10 ) = (2,23536)2 5 = 0,00317
10 9 2,23536 2,23634
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 0,04 %
10 2,23536
- Iterasi 11
(10 ). (10 ) > 0 = 0,00755 . 0,00317 > 0
Maka a11 = x10 = 2,23536 dan b11 = b10 = 2,23634
(11 ) = (2,23536)2 5 = 0,00317
11 + 11 2,23536 + 2,23634
11 = = = 2,23585
2 2
(11 ) = (2,23585)2 5 = 0,00097
11 10 2,23585 2,23536
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 0,02 %
11 2,23585
- Iterasi 12
(11 ). (11 ) > 0 = 0,00317 . 0,00097 > 0
Maka a12 = x11 = 2,23585dan b12 = b11 = 2,23634
 (12 ) = (2,23585)2 5 = 0,00097
12 + 12 2,23585 + 2,23634
12 = = = 2,23609
2 2
(12 ) = (2,23609)2 5 = 0,00009
12 11 2,23609 2,23585
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 0,01 %
12 2,23609
- Iterasi 13
(12 ). (12 ) < 0 = 0,00097. 0,00009 < 0
Maka a13 = a12 = 2,23585 dan b13 = x12 = 2,23609
(13 ) = (2,23585)2 5 = 0,00097
13 + 13 2,23585 + 2,23609
13 = = = 2,23597
2 2
(13 ) = (2,23597)2 5 = 0,00044
13 12 2,23597 2,23609
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 0,005 %
13 2,23597
- Iterasi 14
(13 ). (13 ) > 0 = 0,00097. 0,00044 > 0
Maka a14 = x13 = 2,23597 dan b14 = b13 = 2,23609
(14 ) = (2,23597)2 5 = 0,00044
14 + 14 2,23597 + 2,23609
14 = = = 2,23603
2 2
(14 ) = (2,23603)2 5 = 0,00017
14 13 2,23603 2,23597
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 0,002 %
14 2,23603
- Iterasi 15
(14 ). (14 ) > 0 = 0,00044 . 0,00017 > 0
Maka a15 = x14 = 2,23603 dan b15 = b14 = 2,23609
(15 ) = (2,23603)2 5 = 0,00017
15 + 15 2,23603 + 2,23609
15 = = = 2,23606
2 2
(15 ) = (2,23606)2 5 = 0,00004
15 15 2,23606 2,23603
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 0,001 %
15 2,23606
 - Iterasi 16
(15 ). (15 ) > 0 = 0,00017 . 0,00004 > 0
Maka a16 = x15 = 2,23606 dan b16 = b15 = 2,23609
(16 ) = (2,23606)2 5 = 0,00004
16 + 16 2,23606 + 2,23609
16 = = = 2,23608
2 2
(16 ) = (2,23608)2 5 = 0,00005
16 15 2,23608 2,23606
=[ ] . 100% = [ ] . 100% = 0,0009 %
16 2,23608
(16 ) 0 = 0,00005 sehingga nilai akar adalah 16 = 2,23608

3. Menggunakan metode Gauss Siedel

-3x1 + 3x2 + 7x3 = 4
X1 x2 + 2x3 = 3
4x1 4x2 + x3 = 5
Persamaan dalam bentuk matriks
3 3 7 1 4
[ 1 1 2] [2 ] = [3]
4 4 1 3 5
Menyusun kembali bentuk matriks menjadi:
1 1 2 1 3
[ 4 4 1] [2 ] = [5]
3 3 7 3 4
3 + 2 23 1 1
1 = 1 =
1 1
5 41 3 2 2
2 = 2 =
4 2
4 + 31 32 3 3
3 = 3 =
7 3
- Iterasi 1
3 + (0) 2(0) 30
1 = = 3 1 = =1
1 3
5 4(3) 0 1,75 0
2 = = 1,75 2 = =1
4 1,75
4 + 3(3) 3(1,75) 1,1071 0
3 = = 1,1071 3 = =1
7 1,1071
- Iterasi 2
3 + 1,75 2(1,1071) 2,5357 3
1 = = 2,5357 1 = = 0,1831
1 2,5357
5 4(2,5357) 1,1071 1,5625 1,75
2 = = 1,5625 2 = = 0,12
4 1,5625
4 + 3(2,5357) 3(1,5625) 0,9885 1,1071
3 = = 0,9885 3 = = 0,1199
7 0,9885
- Iterasi 3
3 + 1,5625 2(0,9885) 2,5855 2,5357
1 = = 2,5855 1 = = 0,01926
1 2,5855
5 4(2,5855) 0,9885 1,5826 1,5625
2 = = 1,5826 2 = = 0,0127
4 1,5826
4 + 3(2,5855) 3(1,5826) 1,0012 0,9885
3 = = 1,0012 3 = = 0,01268
7 1,0012
- Iterasi 4
3 + 1,5826 2(1,0012) 2,5801 2,5855
1 = = 2,5801 1 = = 0,00209
1 2,5801
5 4(2,5801) 1,0012 1,5804 1,5826
2 = = 1,5804 2 = = 0,00139
4 1,5804
4 + 3(2,5801) 3(1,5804) 0,9999 1,0012
3 = = 0,9999 3 = = 0,0013
7 0,9999
- Iterasi 5
3 + 1,5804 2(0,9999) 2,5807 2,5801
1 = = 2,5807 1 = = 0,00023
1 2,5807
5 4(2,5807) 0,9999 1,5807 1,5804
2 = = 1,5807 2 = = 0,00018
4 1,5807
4 + 3(2,5807) 3(1,5807) 1 0,9999
3 = =1 3 = = 0,0001
7 1
- Iterasi 6
3 + 1,5807 2(1) 2,5806 2,5807
1 = = 2,5806 1 = = 0,00003
1 2,5806
5 4(2,5806) 1 1,5806 1,5807
2 = = 1,5806 2 = = 0,00006
4 1,5806
4 + 3(2,5806) 3(1,5806) 11
3 = =1 3 = =0
7 1
 Iterasi dihentikan karena nilai x yang diperoleh menghampiri atau sama dengan
nilai x pada iterasi sebelumnya. Sehingga himpunan penyelesiannya yaitu:
1 = 2,5806, 2 = 1,5806, 3 = 1
4. Nilai 2,5 dan errornya
a. Interpolasi linear
X () =
2 7,3891
2,5
3 20,0855

Diketahui : Nilai eksak 2,5 = 12,1825

((2,5) (2) ) ((2,5) (2) )
=
((3) (2) ) ((3) (2) )
((2,5) (2) )
(2,5) = [ ((3) (2) )] + (2)
((3) (2) )
(2,5 2)
=[ (20,0855 7,3891)] + 7,3891
(3 2)
= [(0,5)(12,6964)] + 7,3891
= 6,3482 + 7,3891
= 13,7373
Kesalahan,
12,1825 13,7373
=[ ] . 100% = 12,76%
12,1825

b. Interpolasi polynomial order 2

Diketahui : Nilai eksak 2,5 = 12,1825
x
2 7,3891
2,5
3 20,0855
4 54,5982

i x () =
0 2 7,3891
1 3 20,0855
2 4 54,5982
2 () = 0 + 1 ( 0 ) + 2 ( 0 ). ( 1 )
- Nilai 0 , dengan = 0 = 2
2 () = 0 + 1 ( 0 ) + 2 ( 0 ). ( 1 )
2 (0 ) = 0 + 1 (2 2) + 2 (2 2). (2 1 )
2 (0 ) = 0 + 0 + 0
0 = 2 (0 ) = 7,3891
- Nilai 1 , dengan = 1 = 3
2 (1 ) = 2 (0 ) + 1 ( 0 ) + 2 ( 0 ). ( 1 )
2 (1 ) = 7,3891 + 1 (3 2) + 2 (3 2). (3 3)
2 (1 ) = 7,3891 + 1 + 0
1 = 2 (1 ) 7,3891 2 (1 ) = 20,0855
1 = 20,0855 7,3891
1 = 12,6964
- Nilai 2 , dengan = 2 = 4
2 (2 ) = 7,3891 + 12,6964( 0 ) + 2 ( 0 ). ( 1 )
2 (2 ) = 7,3891 + 12,6964(4 2) + 2 (4 2). (4 3)
2 (2 ) = 7,3891 + 12,6964(2) + 2 (2). (1)
2 (2 ) = 7,3891 + 25,3928 + 22
2 (2 ) = 32,7819 + 22
2 (2 ) 32,7819
2 = 2 (2 ) = 54,5982
2
54,5982 32,7819
2 = = 10,90815
2
Dengan mensubtitusikan nilai 0 , 1 , dan 2 maka diperoleh 2 (2,5) yaitu:
2 () = 0 + 1 ( 0 ) + 2 ( 0 ). ( 1 )
2 (2,5) = 7,3891 + 12,6964(2,5 2) + 10,90815(2,5 2). (2,5 3)
2 (2,5) = 7,3891 + 12,6964(0,5) + 10,90815. (0,5). (0,5)
2 (2,5) = 7,3891 + 6,3482 2,72704
2 (2,5) = 11,01026
Kesalahan,
12,1825 11,01026
=[ ] . 100% = 9,62 %
12,1825
c. Interpolasi lagrange order 1
Diketahui : Nilai eksak 2,5 = 12,1825
x
2 7,3891
2,5
3 20,0855
4 54,5982

I x () =
0 2 7,3891
1 3 20,0855
2 4 54,5982

2 () = () ( ) = 0 ()(0 ) + 1 ()(1 ) + 2 ()(2 )

=0
1 2
=0 0 () = ( )( )
0 1 0 2
2,5 3 2,5 4
0 (2,5) = ( )( )
23 24
0,5 1,5
0 (2,5) = ( )( )
1 2
0 (2,5) = 0,375
0 2
=1 1 () = ( )( )
1 0 1 2
2,5 2 2,5 4
1 (2,5) = ( )( )
32 34
0,5 1,5
1 (2,5) = ( ) ( )
1 1
1 (2,5) = 0,75
0 1
=2 2 () = ( )( )
2 0 2 1
2,5 2 2,5 3
2 (2,5) = ( )( )
42 43
0,5 0,5
2 (2,5) = ( ) ( )
2 1
2 (2,5) = 0,125
 Sehingga bentuk interpolasi polinomial Lagrange order 2 adalah:

2 () = 0 ()(0 ) + 1 ()(1 ) + 2 ()(2 )

2 (2,5) = 0 (2,5)(0 ) + 1 (2,5)(1 ) + 2 (2,5)(2 )
= 0,375 . 7,3891 + 0,75 . 20,0855 0,125 . 54,5982
= 2,770913 + 15,06413 6,824775
= 11,01026
Kesalahan,
12,1825 11,01026
=[ ] . 100% = 9,62 %
12,1825

6
5. Diketahui : = 0 2 dengan, a = 0; b = 6; n = 6 dan = 1

Secara analitis
6
1 2 6 1 1
= = ] = ( 2(6) ) ( 2(0) )
2
0 2 0 2 2
1 1
= ( 12 ) ( 0) ) = 81377,396 0,5 = 81376,896
2 2
Menggunakan metode trapezium enam pias
1

= [() + () + 2 ( )]
2
=1

= [() + () + 2((1 ) + (2 ) + (3 ) + (4 ) + (5 )]
2
1
= [ 2(0) + 2(6) + 2( 2(1) + 2(2) + 2(3) + 2(4) + 2(5) ]
2
1
= [ 0 + 12 + 2( 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 10 ]
2
1
= [1 + 162754,791 + 2(7,389 + 54,598 + 403,429 + 2980,958 + 22026,466]
2
= 106850,736
Kesalahan
81376,896 106850,736
=[ ] . 100% = 31,3 %
81376,896