STRUKTUR BAJA II

No. 1 E

4 8

C
7

5 9
1
3

A 2 6 10

B D

L= 13.05 m

Diketahui Rangka Kap, dengan ukuran/parameter sbb:

Jarak Rangka Kap = 4.05 m

Panjang Bentangan = 13.05 m
Kemiringan atap = 50.5 o
Tinggi Rangka =

Diminta :

- Besarnya gaya-gaya batang

- Dimensi batang atas, bawah dan tegak/diagonal
- Sambungan baut pada 2 (dua) titik kumpul
- Sketsa dari rangka kap, termasuk detail 2 (dua) titik kumpul

Digunakan :

Baja ST 37
sd = 1600 Kg/cm2

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

F
H
12
11

13 H
52o
G

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

PROSEDUR KERJA

1. Menghitung Panjang Batang

2. Menghitung Beban - Beban yang bekerja :
a. Beban Atap
b. Beban Angin
c. Beban Tak Terduga
d. Beban Gording
3. Mengontrol Profil Gording
4. Perhitungan Kuda - Kuda
5. Menghitung Gaya - Gaya Batang Total
6. Mendisain Dimensi Batang :
a. Batang Atas
b. Batang Bawah
c. Batang Diagonal
7. Mendisain Plat Koppel
8. Mengontrol Tegangan Plat Koppel
9. Mendisain Sambungan Baut
10. Mengontrol Sambungan Baut
11. Mendisain Sambungan Las
12. Mengontrol Sambungan Las
13. Mendisain Kolom Rangka Kap dan Kontrol
14. Membuat Gambar Kerja.

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

1. MENGHITUNG PANJANG BATANG

H = 7.91 m
C F

A H
a

B D G
3.2625 m 3.2625 m 3.2625 m 3.2625 m

13.05 m

13.05
AB = BD = DG = GH = = 3.263 m
4
DE = 7.91 m

a = 50.5

BC = FG = 1/2 . DE = 1/2 . 7.91 = 3.96 m

AE2 = AD2 + DE2 = 42.58 + 62.57 = 105.14 m

AE = EH = ( AD + DE ) 2 2 1/2
= ( 105.14 ) 1/2
= 10.25 m

AC2 = AB2 + BC2 = 10.64 + 15.66 = 26.30 m

AC = FH = ( AB + BC )
2 2 1/2
= ( 26.30 ) 1/2
= 5.13 m

CE = EF = AE - AC = 10.25 - 5.13 = 5.13 m

CD2 = DF2 = BD2 + BC2 = 10.64 + 15.66 = 26.30 m

CD = DF = ( BD2 + BC2 )1/2 = ( 26.30 )1/2 = 5.13 m

REKAPITULASI PANJANG BATANG

BATANG PANJANG ( m )
AB = BD = DG =GH 3.26250
DE = H 7.91000
BC = FG 3.95740
AC = FH 5.13000
CE = EF 5.13000
CD = DF 5.13000

PERHITUNGAN SUDUT

Sin 50.5 o
= 0.77162
1
Cos 50.5 o
= 0.63608
A
Tan 50.5 o
= 1.21310
2
4
Panjang BC
C Sin b =
35o Panjang CD
35o b
3.95740
1 =
3 5 5.13000
b
= 0.7714
B 6 D
Panjang BD 3.26250
Cos b = = = 0.6360
Panjang CD 5.13000

Panjang BC 3.95740
Tan b = = = 1.2130
Panjang BD 3.26250

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

2. MENGHITUNG BEBAN - BEBAN

Untuk Perhitungan Gording Beban Yang Perlu Diperhitungkan Adalah :

a. Beban Atap
b. Beban Angin
c. Beban Tak Terduga
d. Beban Gording

Uraian :
a. Beban Atap
Jarak Antar Gording (a) = AC/2 = 2.565 m
Q Jarak Kap (b) = 4.05 m
Qx =
Qy Berat Atap Genteng (G) 50 Kg/m2 (sesuai PMI 1970)
Jadi :
Q = axG
Q = 2.565 x 50 = 128.250 Kg/m
~ Qx = Q. Sin 50.5 o = 98.961 Kg/m
50.5 Qy = Q.Cos 50.5 o = 81.577 Kg/m
~ Mx = 1/8 Qy b2 = 167.258 Kg.m
My = 1/8 Qx b2 = 202.901 Kg.m
b. Beban Angin
P Tekanan Angin (P) = 25 Kg/m2 (sesuai PMI 1970)
P Koefisien Angin (c1) = 0,02a - 0,4
P = 0.610
P
P c2 = -0.4 (belakang angin untuk semua a)
W = c1 x a x P
= 0.610 x 2.565 x 25
= 39.116 Kg/m
a
~ Mx = 1/8 W b2 = 80.201 Kg.m
My = 0
c. Beban Tak Terduga

P = 100 Kg
P
Px ~ Px = P.Sin a = 77.162 Kg
Py Py = P.Cos a = 63.608 Kg
~ Mx = 1/4 Py b = 64.403 Kg.m
My = 1/4 Px b = 78.127 Kg.m

d. Beban Gording

Diketahui berat gording dalam perbandingan normal (q) = 10 Kg/m - 50 Kg/m

Direncanakan berat gording (q) = 62.6 kg/m

q ~ = Kg/m
qx qx = q.Sin a 48.304
qy qy = q.Cos a = 39.818 Kg/m
~ Mx = 1/8 qy b2 = 81.640 Kg.m
My = 1/8 qx b2 = 99.038 Kg.m

a
Kombinasi Pembebanan :

Keadaan 1 : Beban Atap + Beban Gording + Tekanan Angin

Mx = 167.258 + 81.640 + 80.201 = 329.099 Kg.m
My = 202.901 + 99.04 + 0.000 = 301.938 Kg.m
Keadaan 2 : Beban Atap + Beban Gording + Beban Tak Terduga
Mx = 167.258 + 81.640 + 64.403 = 313.302 Kg.m
My = 202.901 + 99.04 + 78.127 = 380.065 Kg.m
Ambil Maksimalnya :
Mx = 329.099 Kg.m
My = 380.065 Kg.m

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

3. MENGONTROL PROFIL GORDING

Mengontrol Tegangan :

Mx My
Kontrol : Wx + Wy < s Dimana s
leleh
s = 1.5
2400
s = = 1600 Kg/cm2 ( Untuk Bj A36)
1.5
Wy diambil = 1/8 Wx

Mx My Mx + 8 My
+ < s < s
Wx (1/8)WX Wx

Misalkan : Mx + 8 My
= s
Wx

maka : Mx + 8 My 329.10 + ( 8 ) . 380.065

Wx perlu = = x 100 = 210.6014 Cm3
s 1600
Wx perlu = 210.601 Cm3
Diambil Profil kanal C 38 dengan data sbb:
Wx = 826 cm3
Wy = 78.4 cm3
Ix = 15730 cm4
Iy = 613 cm4
q = 62.6 Kg/m

Mx My
Kontrol : + < s
Wx Wy
329.10 380.065
(
826
+
78.4
) . 100 < s

524.62 < 1600 Aman !!

Sketsa profil :
y

h
x y x

y
b

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Mengontrol Lendutan :

fmax = 1/200 x b E = 2,1.106 ( Baja ) b = 4 m

= 2.025 cm = 405 cm

5 Qx.b4 1 Px.b3 5 qx.b4

fx = + +
384 EIy 48 EIy 384 EIy

= 0.269 + 0.001 + 0.131

= 0.402 cm

5 Qy.b4 1 Py.b3 5 qy.b4

fy = + +
384 EIx 8 EIx 384 EIx

= 0.009 + 0.000 + 0.004

= 0.013 cm

Ambil Maksimalnya = 0.402 cm

fx = 0.402 cm < 2.025 cm Jadi Profil Dapat Digunakan!

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

4. PERHITUNGAN KUDA - KUDA

a. Beban Mati
1. Berat Kuda - kuda
Rumus Penaksiran :
P = ( L + 2 ) L.b s/d ( L + 5 ) L.b L = Panjang Bentang

Karena L = 13.05 m maka diambil

P = ( L + 3 ) L.b
= ( 13.05 + 3 ) 13.05 x 4
= 848.283 Kg

Sehingga untuk beban di titik buhul diambil Pr = P / n+1

dimana n = Jumlah titik buhul = 5
P 848.283
Pr = = = 212.071 Kg
n-1 4

Sedang pada titik ujung menerima beban :

P = 1/2Pr = 106.035 Kg
P
=
2. Berat
G Atap
x = G x 2a x b G = Berat atap genteng
2a = 50 x 5.130 x 4
x = 1038.825 Kg
b
P
Diambil
= jarak OverStek d = 0.80 m
Jadi beban atap pada bentang tersebut adalah
G
x = G x d x b
d = 50 x 0.8 x 4
x = 162.000 Kg
b
Sehingga beban total di titik A = H = 1/2 berat atap AC + 1/2 berat atap overStek
P = 519.413 + 81.000
= 600.413 Kg

3. Berat Gording
P = q x b q = Berat gording sendiri
= 62.6 x 4.05
= 253.530 Kg
Untuk titik A,H = 1,5P = 380.295 Kg
Untuk titik C dan F = 2P = 507.060 Kg
Untuk titik E = 3P = 760.590 Kg

REKAPITULASI BEBAN KONSTRUKSI :

Titik Buhul A,H C dan F E
Beban Kuda-kuda 106.035 212.071 212.071
Beban Atap 600.413 1038.825 1038.825
Beban Gording 380.295 507.060 760.590
TOTAL 1086.743 1757.956 2011.486

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

b. Beban Angin
Tekanan Angin(P)= 25 Kg/m2
= 0,02a - 0,4
1. Koefisien tekanan angin (c1) a= 50.50
= 0.61000
Sehingga beban angin tekan = P x c1 x b x 2a
=### x 0.61 x 4 x 5.130
= 316.842 Kg
Pada titik E = 1/2 x 316.842
= 158.421 Kg

Pada OverStek beban angin tekan = P x c1 x b x d

= 25 x 0.61 x 4 x 0.8
= 49.410 Kg

Sehingga beban angin di titik A = 1/2 beban angin tekan bentang AB + 1/2 beban OverStek
= 158.42 + 24.705
= 183.126 Kg

2. Koefisien angin hisap ( c2 ) = -0.4

Sehingga beban angin hisap = P x c2 x b x 2a
=### x -0.4 x 4 x 5.130
= -207.765 Kg

Pada titik E = 1/2 x ( -207.77 )

= -103.88 Kg

Pada OverLapping beban angin hisap = P x c 2 x b x d

= 25 x -0.4 x 4.05 x 0.8
= -32.400 Kg

Sehingga beban angin pada titik H = 1/2 beban angin hisap bentang FH + 1/2 beban Stek
= -103.9 + ( -16.2 )
= -120.08 Kg

c. Beban Tak Terduga

Beban pada tiap titik buhul adalah

P = 100 Kg ( sesuai PMI )

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

5. MENGHITUNG GAYA - GAYA BATANG

P3
a. Akibat Beban - Beban Mati

P2 E P2
4 8
C F

###
P1 P1
5 7 9
1 12
3 11 H
a
A

VA 2 B 6 D 10 G 13 VH

3.2625 m 3.2625 m 3.2625 m 3.2625 m

P1 = 1086.743 Kg
P2 = 1757.956 Kg
P3 = 2011.486 Kg

2P1 + 2P2 + P3 2173.486 + 3515.911 + 2011.486

VA = V H = = = 3850.441 Kg
2 2

TITIK A
SV = 0
S1
S1 Sin a = P1 - VA
P1 0.772 S1 = -2763.698
S1 = -3581.662 kg (Tekan)

a SH = 0
A S2
S2 = - S1 Cos a
S2 = - ( S1 Cos a )
VA = - ( -3581.66 x 0.63608 )
= 2278.217 kg (Tarik)

TITIK B
SH = 0
S6 = S2
S6 = 2278.217 kg (Tarik)
S3
S6 SV = 0
S2 B S3 = S11 = 0 Kg

TITIK C
SV = 0
P2
S4 Sin a - S5 Sin b = P2 + S3 + S1 Sin a
S4
0.772 S4 - 0.771 S5 = -1005.74 ………….(1)

C
a SH = 0
a b S4 Cos a + S5 Cos b = S1 Cos a
0.636 S4 + 0.636 S5 = -2278.22 ………….(2)

S1
S5
S3

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Eliminasi persamaan (1) dengan (2) :

0.772 S4 - 0.771 S5 = -1005.743 0.636 0.491 S4 - 0.491 S5 = -639.617
0.636 S4 + 0.636 S5 = -2278.217 0.771 0.491 S4 + 0.491 S5 = -1757.469 +
0.981 S4 = -2397.086
S4 = -2442.488 Kg
Subtitusi ke persamaan (2) akan diperoleh (Tekan)
S5 = -1139.377 Kg (Tekan)

TITIK E
P3
SH = 0
S8 Cos a = S4 Cos a
S8 = S4
E
S8 = -2442.488 Kg (Tekan)
a a

SV = 0
S4 S8 S7 = - ( P3 + S4 Sin a + S8 Sin a )
= 1757.883 Kg (Tarik)
S7

TITIK D
SV = 0
S7 S9 Sin b
S5 S9 = - ( S7 + S5 Sin b )
0.771 S9 = -878.941
S9 = -1139.377 Kg (Tekan)
b b S10
S6
D

SH = 0
S10 = S6 +S5 Cos b - S9 Cos b
S10 = 2278.217 Kg (Tarik)

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

b. Akibat Beban Angin

P3 P4
1. Angin Kiri
P2 E
P5
4 8

C F

###
P1 7 P6
1 5 9 12
A 3 11 H
35o
HA 2 6 D 10 G 13
B
VA VH

3.2625 m 3.2625 m 3.2625 m 3.2625 m

a = 51 o
Cos a = 0.636 P1 = 183.126 Kg P3 = 158.421 Kg
Sin a = 0.772 P2 = 316.842 Kg P4 = 103.883 Kg

P5 = 207.765 Kg
P6 = 120.083 Kg

S MH = 0

13.05 VA = { P1 x 13.05 + P2 x 9.79 + (P3 - P4) x 6.525 - P5 x 3.263 } x

Cos a - { ( P2 + P5 ) x 3.957 + ( P 3
+ P 4
) x 7.910 } x
Sin a
= { 2389.792 + 3101.087 + ( 54.538 ) x 7 - 677.8333 } x 0.6361
- { 524.607 x 3.957 + 262.30 x 7.910 }x 0.7716
13.05 VA = 84.896
VA = 6.505 Kg

S MA = 0

13.05 VH = { P2 x 3 ( P3 - P 4 ) x 7 - P5 x 10 - P6 x 13.05 } x
Cos a + { ( P2 + P5 ) x 3.9574 + ( P3 + P4 ) x 7.9100 }
x Sin a 3.9574
= { 1033.696 + ( 54.538 ) x 7 - 2033.4999 - 1567.077 } x
0.6361 + { ( 524.607 ) x 3.957 + ( 262.3033 ) x 7.910 } x
0.7716
13.05 VH = 1796.554
VH = 137.667 Kg

SH=0
HA = ( P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 + P5 + P6 ) x Sin a
= 1090.1183 x 0.7716
HA = 841.162 Kg

Kontrol
SV=0
VA + VH + ( P4 + P5 + P6 ) x Cos a =? ( P1 + P2 + P3 ) x Cos a

6.505 + ( 137.667 ) + ( 431.730 ) x 0.636 =? 658.388 x 0.636

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

418.786426 = 418.78643 (Oke!)

TITIK A
SV = 0
S1 Sin a = P1 Cos a - VA
0.772 S1 = 116.482 - 6.505
P1 S1
= 109.977
S1 = 142.526 Kg (Tarik)
A
a S2
HA SH = 0
S2 = HA - ( S1 Cos a + P1 Sin a )
VA
= 609.200 Kg (Tarik)

TITIK B
SV=0
S3 = 0.000 Kg

S3
SH=0
S6 S6 = S2
S2 B = 609.200 Kg (Tarik)

TITIK C
SH=0
S4 Cos a + S5 Cos b = S1 Cos a - P2 Sin a
P2 S4 0.636 S4 + 0.636 S5 = -153.825 …………..(3)

C SV=0
a
S4 Sin a - S5 Sin b = S3 + S1 Sin a + P2 Cos a
a b
0.772 S4 - 0.7714 S5 = 311.513 …………..(4)

S1
S5
S3

Eliminasi persamaan (3) dengan (4) :

0.636 S4 + 0.636 S5 = -153.825 0.771 0.491 S4 + 0.491 S5 = -118.664
0.772 S4 - 0.771 S5 = 311.513 0.636 0.491 S4 - 0.491 S5 = 198.111 +

0.981 S 79.447
4 =
S4 = 80.952 Kg (Tarik)

Subtitusi ke persamaan (3) akan diperoleh

S5 = -322.843 Kg (Tekan)

TITIK E
SH=0

P3 P4 S8 Cos a = S4 Cos a - P3 Sin a - P4 Sin a

0.636 S8 = 51.492 - 122.24 - 80.158
S8 = -237.247 Kg (Tekan)
E
a a
SV=0
S7 = P4 Cos a - P3 Cos a - S4 Sin a - S8 Sin a
S8 = 66.077 - 100.768 - 62.465
S4

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II
S4 S8
- -183.066
S7 = 85.911 Kg (Tarik)
S7

TITIK D

SV=0
S7
S5 S9 S9 Sin b = ( - S7) - S5 Sin b
0.771 S9 = ( -85.911 ) - -249.048
= 163.138
S9 = 211.476 Kg (Tarik)
S6 b b S10
D SH=0
S10 = S6 + S5 Cos b - S9 Cos b
= 609.200 + -205.3167 - 134.492
S10 = 269.391 Kg (Tarik)

TITIK F
SH=0
S8 S12 Cos a = S8 Cos a + S9 Cos b - P5 Sin a
P5 0.636 S12 = -150.908 + 134.4916 - 160.32
F = -176.733
a S12 = -277.848 Kg (Tekan)
b a
SV=0
S11 = P5 Cos a + S8 Sin a - S9 Sin b - S12 Sin a
= 132.15479 + -183.066 - 163.14
S9 - -214.394
S11 S12

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II
S11 S12
S11 = 0.345 Kg

TITIK G
SV=0
S11 = 0.345 Kg

S11 SH=0
S13 S13 = S10
S10 G = 269.391 Kg (Tarik)

TITIK H
Kontrol
S12
P6 SV=0
VH =? - ( P6 Cos a + S12 Sin a )
137.667 = 138.012 (Not!)
a
H
S13 SH=0
P6 Sin a = S13 + S12 Cos a
VH
92.6586 = 92.659 (Oke!)

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

2. Angin Kanan

P3 P4

P2 E P5
4 8

C F

###
P1 P6
1 5 7 9 12
A 3 11 H
35o
HA 10 13
VA 2 B 6 D G VH

3.2625 m 3.2625 m 3.2625 m 3.2625 m

P1 = 120.083 Kg P4 = 158.421 Kg
P2 = 207.765 Kg P5 = 316.842 Kg
P3 = 103.883 Kg P6 = 183.126 Kg

Seperti pada perhitungan perletakan akibat beban angin kiri maka akibat beban angin
kanan akan diperoleh

VA = 137.667 Kg
VH = 6.505 Kg
HA = 841.162 Kg

TITIK A
SV=0
P1 S1
S1 Sin a = - ( VA + P1 Cos a )
0.772 S1 = - ( 214.049 )
A
S1 = -277.400 Kg (Tekan)
a
HA S2 SH=0
VA S2 = P1 Sin a - S1 Cos a - HA
= -572.055 Kg (Tekan)

TITIK B
SV=0
S3 = 0.000 Kg
S3
S6 SH=0
S2 S6 = S2
B
= -572.055 Kg (Tekan)

TITIK C
P2 S4 SV=0
S4 Sin a - S5 Sin b = S1 Sin a + S3 - P2 Cos a
C 0.772 S4 - 0.771 S5 = -346.204 …………(5)
a
a b
SH=0
S4 Cos a + S5 Cos b = S1 Cos a + P2 Sin a
S1 0.636 S4 + S
0.636 5 = -16.132 …………(6)
S5
S3

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Eliminasi persamaan (5) dengan (6) :

0.772 S4 - 0.771 S5 = -346.204 0.636 0.491 S4 - 0.491 S5 = -220.173
0.636 S4 + 0.636 S5 = -16.132 0.771 0.491 S4 + 0.491 S5 = -12.444 +
0.981 S4 = -232.618
S4 = -237.024 Kg (Tekan)

Subtitusi ke persamaan (6) akan diperoleh

S5 = 211.700 Kg (Tarik)

TITIK E
SH=0

P3 P4
S8 Cos a = P3 Sin a + P4 Sin a + S4 Cos a
0.636 S8 = 51.634
E S8 = 81.176 Kg (Tarik)
a a SV=0

S7 = P3 Cos a - P4 Cos a - S4 Sin a

S4 S8
- S8 Sin a
= 85.565 Kg (Tarik)
S7

TITIK D
SV=0
S5 S7 S9 Sin b = ( - S7) - S5 Sin b
S9
0.771 S9 = ( -85.565 ) - 163.310
= -248.876
S9 = -322.619 Kg (Tekan)
b b
S6 S10
D SH=0
S10 = S6 + S5 Cos b - S9 Cos b
= -572.055 + 134.634 - -205.174
S10 = -232.247 Kg (Tekan)

TITIK F
SH=0
S8 S12 Cos a = S8 Cos a + S9 Cos b + P5 Sin a
0.636 S12 = 51.634 + -205.174 + 244.48
P5
= 90.943
F
S12 = 142.974 Kg (Tarik)
a
b a
SV=0
S11 = S8 Sin a - S9 Sin b - S12 Sin a - P5 Cos a
= 62.637 - -248.876 - 110.32
S9 S12 - 201.536
S11 S11 = -0.345 Kg

TITIK G
SV=0
S11 = 0.000 Kg
S11
S13 SH=0
S10 G S13 = S10
= -232.247 Kg (Tekan)

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

TITK H
Kontrol
S12
P6 SV=0

VH + S12 Sin a =? P6 Cos a

a ?
H 6.505 + 110.322 = 116.482
S13
116.827 = 116.482 (Oke!)
VH
SH=0
S13 = - ( S12 Cos a + P6 Sin a )
-232.247 = -232.247 (Oke!)

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

c. Akibat Beban Tak Terduga

P E P
4 8

7.91 m
C F
P P
7
1 5 9 12
3 11 H
A 35o
2 B 6 D 10 G 13
VA VH

3.2625 m 3.2625 m 3.2625 m 3.2625 m

P = 100 Kg

VA VH SP 500
= = = 250 Kg
2 2

TITIK A
S1
SV=0
P S1 Sin a = P - VA
0.772 S1 = -150.000
S1 = -194.395 Kg (Tekan)
a
A S2 SH=0
S2 = - ( S1 Cos a )

VA
= 123.650 Kg (Tarik)
TITIK B
SV=0

S3 = 0.000 Kg
S3
S6 SH=0
S2 B
S6 = S2
= 123.650 Kg (Tarik)
TITIK C
P
SH=0
S4
S4 Cos a + S5 Cos b = S1 Cos a
0.636 S4 + 0.636 S5 = -123.650 …………(7)
C
a
a b SV=0
S4 Sin a - S5 Sin b = P + S1 Sin a + S3
S1 0.772 S4 - 0.771 S5 = -50.000 …………(8)
S5
S3
Eliminasi persamaan (7) dengan (8) :
0.636 S4 + 0.636 S5 = -123.650 0.771 0.491 S4 + 0.491 S5 = -95.387

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

0.772 S4 - 0.771 S5 = -50.000 0.636 0.491 S4 - 0.491 S5 = -31.798 +

0.981 S4 = -127.185
S4 = -129.594 Kg (Tekan)
Subtitusi ke persamaan (7) akan diperoleh
S5 = -64.813 Kg (Tekan)

TITIK E
SH=0
P S8 Cos a = S4 Cos a
S8 = S4
E = -129.594 Kg (Tekan)

a a SV=0
S7 = - ( P + S4 Sin a + S8 Sin a )

S4 S8 = 99.99584 Kg (Tarik)

S7

TITIK D

S7 SV=0
S5 S9
S9 Sin b = - ( S7 + S5 Sin b )
0.771 S9 = -49.998
S9 = -64.813 Kg (Tekan)
b b S10
S6
D SH=0
S10 = S6 + S5 Cos b - S9 Cos b
S10 = 123.650 Kg (Tarik)

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

REKAPITULASI GAYA- GAYA BATANG

GAYA BATANG(Kg)

JENIS NOMOR BEBAN MATI (M) BEBAN TAK TERDUGA (T) ANGIN KIRI (Akr) ANGIN KANAN (Akn)
BATANG BATANG (kg) (kg) (kg) (kg)

TEKAN(-) TARIK(+) TEKAN(-) TARIK(+) TEKAN(-) TARIK(+) TEKAN(-) TARIK(+)

1 -3581.662 - -194.395 - 142.526 - - -277.400
4 -2442.488 - -129.594 - - 80.952 - -237.024
ATAS

8 -2442.488 - -129.594 - - -237.247 - 81.176

12 -3581.662 - -194.395 - - -277.848 142.974 -
2 - 2278.217 - 123.650 - 609.200 -572.055 -
BAWAH

6 - 2278.217 - 123.650 - 609.200 -572.055 -

10 - 2278.217 - 123.650 269.391 - -232.247 -
13 - 2278.217 - 123.650 269.391 - -232.247 -
3 - - - - - - - -
DIAGONAL

5 -1139.377 - -64.813 - -322.843 - - 211.700

7 - 1757.883 - 99.996 85.911 - 85.565 -
9 -1139.377 - -64.813 - - 211.476 -322.619 -
11 - - - - - - - -
sumber : Hasil perhitungan gaya batang akibat beban-beban yang bekerja

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

KOMBINASI PEMBEBANAN

M + AKr M + AKn PANJANG

JENIS NOMOR M+T HARGA BATANG
BATANG BATANG (kg) (kg) (kg) EKSTRIM (m)
(kg)
TEKAN(-) TARIK(+) TEKAN(-) TARIK(+) TEKAN(-) TARIK(+)
1 -3776.057 - -3439.136 - -3581.662 -277.400 5.130
ATAS

4 -2572.082 - -2442.488 80.952 -2442.488 -237.024 5.130

-3776.057
8 -2572.082 - -2442.488 -237.247 -2442.488 81.176 5.130
12 -3776.057 - -3581.662 -277.848 -3438.688 - 5.130
2 - 2401.868 - 2887.417 -572.055 2278.217 3.263
BAWAH

6 - 2401.868 - 2887.417 -572.055 2278.217 3.263

2887.417
10 - 2401.868 269.391 2278.217 -232.247 2278.217 3.263
13 - 2401.868 269.391 2278.217 -232.247 2278.217 3.263
3 - - - - - - 3.957
DIAGONAL

5 -1204.189 - -1462.219 - -1139.377 211.700 5.130

7 - 1857.878 85.911 1757.883 85.565 1757.883 -1462.219 7.910
9 -1204.189 - -1139.377 211.476 -1461.996 - 5.130
11 - - - - - - 3.957

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

6. PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI BATANG

1. Batang Atas
Pmax = -3776.057 Kg = -3.78 ton (tekan)
Baja ST 37 dengan sd = 1600 Kg/cm2
Ltekan = 5.130 m = 513 cm
Imin = 1.69 x Pmax x (Ltekan)2
= 1.69 x 3.776 x 26.317
= 167.942 cm4

Untuk 1 profil, Imin = 1/2 x( 167.942 )

= 83.971 cm4

Dari tabel baja profil yang memenuhi adalah 70 x 70 x 7

dengan data:
Y
t Ix = Iy = 42.400 cm4
ix = iy = 2.120 cm
F = 9.4 cm2
a = 1 cm (plat simpul)
t = 7 = 0.7 cm
X d X b = 70 mm = 7 cm
W = 0.495 cm
e = 1.97 cm
dL = 2 cm (diameter lubang)
b Y b Jadi diameter baut (menurut PPBBI )
d = dL - 1 mm (baut hitam)
d= 1.9 cm

Kontrol Tekuk
Untuk sumbu lewat bahan ( sumbu x-x )
Ltekan 513.0
lx = = = 241.98 ~ 242
ix 2.120

Dari tabel x-a -sxx diperoleh ax = 0.124

sxx = ax x sd = 0.124 x 1600 = 198.40 Kg/cm2
P = ax x 2F x sd = 3729.92 < 3776.057
P 3776.057
st = = = 200.85 Kg/cm2 > 198.40 Kg/cm2 sial!!
2F 18.8
Untuk sumbu bebas bahan( sumbu y-y )
Iyfiktif 2 ( Iy + FC )
2
= C = e + 1/2a
= 2.47 cm
= 2( 42.40 + 9.4 x 2.47 2) = 199.497 cm4
0,9xIyfiktif 179.55 1/2
iyfiktif = ( )1/2 = ( ) = 3.090 cm
2F 18.80
Ltekan 513.0
lx =
iyfiktif
= = 166.000 ~ 166.0
3.090

Dari tabel untuk x - a - sxx diperoleh ayfiktif = 0.225

ax 0.124
a1 = ay = = 0.551
fiktif 0.225

Dari tabel x - a - sxx diperoleh ly1 = 165.0

Lmedan = ly1 x iy = 165 x 2.120
= 349.80 cm
Ltekan 513
Banyaknya medan = = = 1.467 = 3.00 (dibulatkan keganjil)
Lmedan 349.80

Maka untuk setiap 3

medan dibuat 2 plat koppel
Ltekan 513
Jarak plat koppel dengan tepi batang ( L ki ) = = = 171.000 cm
medan 3

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Kontrol untuk banyaknya medan

Lki 171.000
ly1 = = = 80.660 ~ 81
iy 2.120
Dari tabel diperoleh ay1 = 0.736
ayfiktif x ay1 > ax
0.225 x 0.736 > 0.124
0.166 > 0.124 oke!!

stk = ayfiktif x ay1 x sd

= 0.225 x 0.736 x 1600
= 264.960 Kg/cm2

P 3776.0571
st = = = 200.854 < 264.96 oke!!
2F 18.8

2. Batang Bawah
Pmax = 2887.417 Kg (tarik)
Lk = 3.263 m
sd = 1600 Kg/cm2

Pmax 2887.417
Fnetto = = = 1.805 cm2
sd 1600

Fbruto = 1.2 x Fnetto = 1.2 x 1.805 = 2.166 cm2

Digunakan profil baja 50 x 50 x 9 F = 8.24 cm2

e = 1.56 cm
W = 0.35 cm
dL = 1.4 cm
ix = iy = 1.47 cm

Pmax 2887.4169
s ytd = = = 350.41 Kg/cm2 < 1600 Kg/cm2 oke!!
F 8.24

Kontrol :
Lk
≤ 240
I min

326.3
≤ 240
1.47

221.9 ≤ 240 ………………… Ok

3. Batang Diagonal
Pmax = -1462.22 Kg = -1.462 ton (tekan)
sd = 1600 Kg/cm2
Ltekan = 5.130 m = 513 cm
Imin = 1.69 x Pmax x (Ltekan)2
= 1.69 x 1.462 x 26.317
= 65.033 cm4 `

Untuk 1 profil, Imin = 1/2 x( 65.033 )

= 32.517 cm4

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Profil yang memenuhi : 50 x 50 x 7

dengan data:
Ix = Iy = 14.6 cm4
ix = iy = 1.80 cm
F = 9.03 cm2
a = 1 cm (plat simpul)
t = 7 = 0.7 cm
W = 0.354 cm
b = 50 mm = 5 cm
e = 1.49 cm
dL = 1.7 cm
Kontrol Tekuk
Untuk sumbu lewat bahan ( sumbu x-x )
Ltekan 513.000
lx = = = 285.00 ~ 185
ix 1.800

Dari tabel x-a -sxx diperoleh ax = 0.124

sxx = ax x sd = 0.124 x 1600 = 198.40 Kg/cm2
P = ax x 2F x sd = 3583.104 > 1462.219
P 1462.219
st = = = 80.96 Kg/cm2 < 198.40 Kg/cm2 Ok!!
2F 18.06
Untuk sumbu bebas bahan( sumbu y-y )
Iyfiktif = 2 ( Iy + FC2 ) C = e + 1/2a
= 1.99 cm
= 2( 14.6 + 9.03 x 1.99 2) = 100.719 cm4
0,9xIyfiktif 90.65 1/2
iyfiktif = ( )1/2 = ( ) = 2.240 cm
2F 18.06
Ltekan 513.000
lx =
iyfiktif
= = 228.980 ~ 229.0
2.240

Dari tabel untuk x - a - sxx diperoleh ayfiktif = 0.256

ax 0.124
a1 = ay = = 0.484
fiktif 0.256

Dari tabel x - a - sxx diperoleh ly1 = 99.1

Lmedan = ly1 x iy = 99.1 x 1.800
= 178.38 cm
Ltekan 513.000
Banyaknya medan = = = 2.876 = 3 (dibulatkan keganjil)
Lmedan 178.38

Maka untuk setiap 3

medan dibuat 2 plat koppel
Ltekan 513
Jarak plat koppel dengan tepi batang ( L ki ) = = = 171.000 cm
medan 3

Kontrol untuk banyaknya medan

Lki 171.000
ly1 = = = 95.000 ~ 95.0
iy 1.800
Dari tabel diperoleh ay1 = 0.709
ayfiktif x ay1 > ax
0.256 x 0.709 > 0.124
0.182 > 0.124 oke!!

stk = ayfiktif x ay1 x sd

= 0.256 x 0.709 x 1600
= 290.41 Kg/cm2

P 1462.2193
st = = = 80.965 < 290.41 oke!!
2F 18.06

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

7. PERHITUNGAN PLAT KOPPEL

z 1. Batang Atas

t =1 cm P = -3776.057 Kg

70 x 70 x 7

F = 9.4 cm2
Ix = Iy = 42.4 cm4
e = 1.97 cm
w = 0.495 cm
w a w a = 1 cm
d = 1.9 cm

2d

5d

2d

Perhitungan baut :

dimana t = 0,6s = 0.6 x 1400

= 840 Kg/cm2

dimana sm=1,5s = 1.5 x 1400

= 2100 Kg/cm2

Tinjau geser : P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x 1.9 2x 840 )= 4763.283 Kg

Tinjau melesak : P/n = d.t.sm = 1.9 x 1 x 2100 = 3990.000 Kg

P 3776.057
n = = = 0.95 ~ 2
Pmin 3990

Ukuran plat koppel

l = 9d = 9 x 1.9 = 17.1 cm z = 2w + a = 2.0 cm

t = 1 cm Lki = 171.00 cm
c = 5d = 5 x 1.9 = 9.5 cm syarat, Dmax = 1,5%x P
= 56.641 Kg

Momen statis terhadap sumbu y - y

S = F x z/2 = 9.4 x 1 = 9.353 cm3
I = 2( Iy + F(z/2) )
2
= 2 ( 42.4 + 9.30624 ) = 103.4125 cm4
SxDxLki 90589.29
V = = = 875.99967 Kg
I 103.4125

Untuk satu baut, V/2 = 437.9998 Kg

Plat koppel seimbang jika, V.z = N.c
Vxz 1743.23935 = untuk satu baut, N/2 = 91.7494 Kg
N = = 183.4989 Kg
c 9.5

R = ( ( V/2 )2 + ( N/2 )2)1/2 = ( 191843.86 + 8417.96 )1/2 = 447.5062 Kg

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Kontrol kekuatan baut :

Terhadap geser ; R 447.506

tt = = = 157.8345 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2
1/4od2 2.835
oke!
Terhadap melesak : R 447.506
tm = = = 235.5296 Kg/cm 2
< 2100 kg/cm2
txd 1.9
oke!
Kontrol plat koppel
Fnetto = t ( l - 2d ) = 1 ( 17.1 - 3.8 ) = 13.3 cm2
Flubang = 1/4td2 = 2.835 cm2
Itotal = 1/12 x t x l3 = 416.68 cm4
Ilubang = 2Flubang(1/2c)
2
= 127.9 cm4

Inetto = Itotal - Ilubang = 288.7 cm4

Inetto 288.7
Wnetto = = = 33.771 cm3
1/2l 8.55

terhadap geser :

V 876
tgeser = = = 65.865 Kg/cm2
Fnetto 13.3

tmax = 3/2 tgeser = 98.797 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!

terhadap momen :

M N/2 x c 871.62
sytd = = = = 25.81 Kg/cm2 < 1400 Kg/cm2 oke!
wnetto wnetto 33.771

tegangan ideal :

sid = ( ( sytd )2 + 3( tmax )2 )1/2 = ( 666.14 + 29283 )1/2

= 173.057 Kg/cm2 < 1400 Kg/cm2 oke!

2. Batang Diagonal

P = -1462.219 Kg

50 x 50 x 7

F = 9.03 cm2
Ix = Iy = 14.6 cm4
e = 1.49 cm
w = 0.354 cm
d = 1.7 cm
a = 1 cm

Perhitungan baut :

dimana t = 0,6s = 0.6 x 1400

= 840 Kg/cm2

dimana sm=1,5s = 1.5 x 1400

= 2100 Kg/cm2

Tinjau geser : P/n = 2( t/4.d2.t ) = 2( t/4x 1.7 2x 840 )= 3813.265 Kg

Tinjau melesak : P/n = d.t.sm = 1.7 x 1 x 2100 = 3570.000 Kg

P 1462.219
n = = = 0.41 ~ 2
Pmin 3570

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Ukuran plat koppel

l = 9d = 9 x 1.7 = 15.3 cm z = 2w + a = 1.7 cm

t = 1 cm Lki = 171.00 cm
c = 5d = 5 x 1.7 = 8.5 cm syarat, Dmax = 1,5%x P
= 21.933 Kg

Momen statis terhadap sumbu y - y

S = F x z/2 = 9.03 x 0.85 = 7.7116 cm3
I = 2( Iy + F(z/2)2) = 2 ( 14.6 + 6.58572 ) = 42.37145 cm4
SxDxLki 28923.145
V = = = 682.60933 Kg
I 42.3714

Untuk satu baut, V/2 = 341.3047 Kg

Plat koppel seimbang jika, V.z = N.c
Vxz 1165.89674 = untuk satu baut, N/2 = 68.5822 Kg
N = = 137.1643 Kg
c 8.5

R = ( ( V/2 )2 + ( N/2 )2)1/2 = ( 116488.88 + 4703.513 )1/2 = 348.1270 Kg

Kontrol kekuatan baut :

Terhadap geser ; R 348.127

tt = = = 153.3734 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2
1/4td2 2.270
oke!
Terhadap melesak : R 348.127
tm = = = 204.7806 Kg/cm2 < 2100 kg/cm2
txd 1.7
oke!
Kontrol plat koppel
Fnetto = t ( l - 2d ) = 1 ( 15.3 - 3.4 ) = 11.9 cm2
Flubang = 1/4td 2
= 2.270 cm2
Itotal = 1/12 x t x l3 = 298.46 cm4
Ilubang = 2Flubang(1/2c)
2
= 82.0 cm4
Inetto = Itotal - Ilubang = 216.5 cm4
Inetto 216.5
Wnetto = = = 28.296 cm3
1/2l 7.65

terhadap geser :

V 682.609
tgeser = = = 57.362 Kg/cm2
Fnetto 11.9

tmax = 3/2 tgeser = 86.043 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!

terhadap momen :

M N/2 x c 582.95
sytd = = = = 20.601 Kg/cm2 < 1400 Kg/cm2 oke!
wnetto wnetto 28.296

tegangan ideal :

sid = ( ( sytd )2 + 3( tmax )2 )1/2 = ( 424.42 + 22210 )1/2

= 150.448 Kg/cm2 < 1400 Kg/cm2 oke!

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

8. PERHITUNGAN JUMLAH Paku keling

Syarat kekuatan Paku keling :

a. Akibat geser : P/n
t = < t
F

dimana t = 0,6s = 0.6 x 1400

= 840 Kg/cm2

b. Akibat melesak : P/n

s = < sm
Fm

dimana sm=1,5s = 1.5 x 1400

= 2100 Kg/cm2

F = Luas penampang Paku keling

Fm = Luas penampang melesak

Titik Kumpul A = H

Batang 1 = 12
P = -11975.000 Kg (tekan)
1 Profil 90 x 90 x 9
d = 1.4 cm
2
t = 0.9 cm

P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x1.4 2x 840 )= 2586.159 Kg

P/n = d.t.sm = 1.4 x 0.9 x 2100 = 2646 Kg

P 11975.000
n = = = 4.63 y 5
Pmin 2586.15907

Batang 2 = 13
P = 11082.000 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 5
d = 1.4 cm
t = 0.5 cm

P/n = ( p/4.d2.t ) = ( p/4x 1.4 x

2
840 )= 1293.080 Kg
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.4 x 0.5 x 2100 = 1470 Kg

P 11082
n = = = 6
Pmin 1293.07954

Titik Kumpul C = F

Batang 4 = 8
P = 11975.000 Kg (tekan)
Profil 90 x 90 x 9
a2
d = 1.4 cm
a1` t = 0.9 cm
1
t1
3 P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x1.4 2x 840 )= 2586.159 Kg
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.4 x 0.9 x 2100 = 2646 Kg

P 11975.000
n = = = 4.63 y 3
Pmin 2586.15907

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Batang 3 = 11
P = 0.00 Kg

Batang 5 = 9
P = -1462.219 Kg
Profil 40 x 40 x 4
d = 1.6 cm
t = 0.4 cm

P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x 1.6 x

2
840 )= 2586.159 Kg
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.6 x 0.4 x 2100 = 1344 Kg

P 1462.219
n = = = 1.09 y 2
Pmin 1344

Titik Kumpul D
Batang 5 = 9
P = -1462.219 Kg
Profil 40 x 40 x 4
7 d = 1.6 cm
7 t = 0.4 cm
5 9
5
P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x1.6 2x 840 )= 2586.159 Kg
6 10 P/n = d.t.sm = 1.6 x 0.4 x 2100 = 1344 Kg

P 1462.219
n = = = 1.088 y 2
Pmin 1344

Batang 6 = 10
P = 2401.868 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 5
d = 1.3 cm
t = 0.5 cm
P/n = ( p/4.d2.t ) = ( p/4x 1.3 2x 840 )= 1293.080 Kg
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.3 x 0.5 x 2100 = 1365 Kg

P 2401.868
n = = = 1.857 y 2
Pmin 1293.07954

Batang 7
P = 1857.878 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 7
d = 1.6 cm
t = 0.7 cm
P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x 1.6 2x 840 )= 2586.159 Kg
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.6 x 0.7 x 2100 = 2352 Kg

P 1857.878
n = = = 0.79 y 1
Pmin 2352

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Titik Kumpul D
Batang 7
P = -1462.219 Kg
9 Profil 40 x 40 x 4
d = 1.6 cm
6 10
t = 0.4 cm

P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x1.6 2x 840 )= 2586.159 Kg

7
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.6 x 0.4 x 2100 = 1344 Kg

P -1462.219
n = = = -1.09 y 1
Pmin 1344

Batang 9 = 12
P = -3776.057 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 7
d = 1.6 cm
t = 0.7 cm

P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x 1.6 x

2
840 )= 2586.159 Kg
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.6 x 0.7 x 2100 = 2352 Kg

P 3776.057
n = = = 1.605 y 2
Pmin 2352

Batang 10 = 13
P = 2887.417 Kg
Profil 40 x 40 x 4
d = 1.6 cm
t = 0.4 cm

P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x 1.6 x

2
840 )= 2586.1591 Kg
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.6 x 0.4 x 2100 = 1344 Kg

P 2887.41689
n = = = 2.148 y 3
Pmin 1344

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

9. PERHITUNGAN LAS
1. Titik Simpul B

P1 = -3776.06 Kg
4 P3 = 0.000 Kg
P4 = -2572.08 Kg
1
5 P5 = -1462.22 Kg
3

SKETSA :
a
Q1

e2
P

e1

Q2
a

2a a
Lnetto
Lbruto

Batang 1

P = -3776.057 Kg (tekan)
Profil 70 x 70 x 7
e1 = 1.97 cm t = 0.7 cm
b = 7.00 cm
e2 = 7 - 1.97 = 5.03 cm
t = 0,6x 1400 = 840 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 3776.1 x 1.970
Q1 = = = 531.35 Kg
2b 14.000

Q1 531.35
F1 = = = 0.633 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F1 0.633
L1 netto = = = 1.278 cm
a 0.495

L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= 1.278 + 1.485 = 2.763 cm

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 531.345
tytd = = = 388.541 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 1.368

Jadi panjang las = L1 bruto = 2.763 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 3776.1 x 5.030
Q2 = = = 1356.68 Kg
2b 14.000

Q2 1356.7
F2 = = = 1.615 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F2 1.615
L2 netto = = = 3.263 cm
a 0.495

L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 3.263 + 1.485 = 4.748

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 1356.683
tytd = = = 577.291 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2bruto 2.350

Jadi panjang las = L2bruto = 4.748 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Batang 3

P = 0.000 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 7
e1 = 1.49 cm t = 0.7 cm
b = 5 cm
e2 = 5 - 1.49 = 3.51 cm
t = 0,6x 840 = 504 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 0.00 x 1.490
Q1 = = = 0.000 Kg
2b 10.000

Q1 0.000
F1 = = = 0.000 cm2
t 504

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F1 0.000
L1netto = = = 0.000 cm
a 0.495

L1bruto = L1netto + 3a
= 0.000 + 1.485 = 1.485

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 0.000
tytd = = = 0.000 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 0.735

Jadi panjang las = L1bruto = 1.485 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 0.00 x 3.510
Q2 = = = 0.000 Kg
2b 10.000

Q2 0.000
F2 = = = 0.000 cm2
t 504

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

F2 0.000
L2 netto = = = 0.000 cm
a 0.495

L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 0.000 + 1.485 = 1.485

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 0.000
tytd = = = 0.000 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2 bruto 0.735

Jadi panjang las = L2 bruto = 1.485 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Batang 4

P = -2572.082 Kg
Profil 70 x 70 x 7
e1 = 1.97 cm t = 0.7 cm
b = 7 cm
e2 = 7 - 1.97 = 5.03 cm
t = 0,6x 840 = 504 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 2572.1 x 1.970
Q1 = = = 361.93 Kg
2b 14.000

Q1 361.93
F1 = = = 0.718 cm2
t 504

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F1 0.718
L1 netto = = = 1.451 cm
a 0.495

L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= 1.451 + 1.485 = 2.936

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 361.929
tytd = = = 249.074 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 1.453

Jadi panjang las = L1 bruto = 2.936 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 2572.1 x 5.030
Q2 = = = 924.11 Kg
2b 14.000

Q2 924.11
F2 = = = 1.834 cm2
t 504

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F2 1.834
L2 netto = = = 3.704 cm
a 0.495

L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 3.704 + 1.485 = 5.189

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 924.112
tytd = = = 359.781 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2 bruto 2.569

Jadi panjang las = L2 bruto = 5.189 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Batang 5

P = -1462.219 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 7
e1 = 1.49 cm t = 0.7 cm
b = 5 cm
e2 = 5 - 1.49 = 3.51 cm
t = 0,6x 1400 = 840 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 1462.2 x 1.490
Q1 = = = 217.87 Kg
2b 10.000

Q1 217.87
F1 = = = 0.259 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F1 0.259
L1 netto = = = 0.524 cm
a 0.495

L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= 0.524 + 1.485 = 2.009

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 217.871
tytd = = = 219.107 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 0.994
Jadi panjang las = L1 bruto = 2.009 cm
Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 1462.2 x 3.510
Q2 = = = 513.24 Kg
2b 10.000

Q2 513.24
F2 = = = 0.611 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F2 0.611
L2 netto = = = 1.234 cm
a 0.495

L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 1.234 + 1.485 = 2.719

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 513.239
tytd = = = 381.311 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2 bruto 1.346

Jadi panjang las = L2 bruto = 2.719 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

2. Titik Simpul E

P4 = -2572.082 Kg
P7 = 1857.878 Kg
P8 = -2572.082 Kg
4 8
7

Batang 4 = 8

P = -2572.082 Kg
profil 70 x 70 x 7
e1 = 1.97 cm t = 0.7 cm
b = 7.00 cm
e2 = 7 - 1.97 = 5.03 cm
t = 0,6x 1400 = 840 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 2572.1 x 1.970
Q1 = = = 361.93 Kg
2b 14.000

Q1 361.93
F1 = = = 0.431 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F1 0.431
L1 netto = = = 0.870 cm
a 0.495

L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= 0.870 + 1.485 = 2.355

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 361.929
tytd = = = 310.441 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 1.166

Jadi panjang las = L1 bruto = 2.355 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 2572.08 x 5.030
Q2 = = = 924.1 Kg
2b 14.000

Q2 924.11
F2 = = = 1.100 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F2 1.100
L2 netto = = = 2.223 cm
a 0.495

L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

= 2.223 + 1.485 = 3.708

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 924.112
tytd = = = 503.571 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2bruto 1.835

Jadi panjang las = L2bruto = 3.708 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Batang 7

P = 1857.878 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 7
e1 = 1.49 cm t = 0.7 cm
b = 5 cm
e2 = 5 - 1.49 = 3.51 cm
t = 0,6x 1400 = 840 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 1857.88 x 1.490
Q1 = = = 276.82 Kg
2b 10.000

Q1 276.824
F1 = = = 0.330 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F1 0.330
L1netto = = = 0.666 cm
a 0.495

L1bruto = L1netto + 3a
= 0.666 + 1.485 = 2.151

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 276.824
tytd = = = 260.041 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 1.065

Jadi panjang las = L1bruto = 2.151 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 1857.88 x 3.510
Q2 = = = 652.12 Kg
2b 10.000

Q2 652.12
F2 = = = 0.776 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F2 0.776
L2 netto = = = 1.568 cm
a 0.495

L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 1.568 + 1.485 = 3.053

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 652.115
tytd = = = 431.489 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2 bruto 1.511

Jadi panjang las = L2 bruto = 3.053 cm

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

3. Titik Simpul D

P6 = 2401.868 Kg
P5 = -1462.219 Kg
P9 = -1461.996 Kg
P10 = 2401.868 Kg
7 P7 = 1857.878 Kg
5 9

6 10

Batang 6 = 10

P = 2401.868 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 9
e1 = 1.56 cm t = 0.9 cm
b = 5 cm
e2 = 5 - 1.56 = 3.44 cm
t = 0,6x 1400 = 840 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 2401.9 x 1.560
Q1 = = = 749.4 Kg
b 5.000

Q1 749.38
F1 = = = 0.892 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.636 cm

F1 0.892
L1 netto = = = 1.402 cm
a 0.636

L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= 1.402 + 1.909 = 3.311

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 749.383
tytd = = = 355.647 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1bruto 2.107

Jadi panjang las = L1 bruto = 3.311 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.636 cm

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 2401.9 x 3.440
Q2 = = = 1652.5 Kg
b 5.000

Q2 1652.5
F2 = = = 1.967 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.636 cm

F2 1.967
L2 netto = = = 3.091 cm
a 0.636

L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 3.091 + 1.909 = 5.000

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 1652.485
tytd = = = 519.287 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2bruto 3.182

Jadi panjang las = L2bruto = 5.000 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.636 cm

Batang 5 = 9

P = -1462.219 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 7
e1 = 1.49 cm t = 0.7 cm
b = 5 cm
e2 = 5 - 1.49 = 3.51 cm
t = 0,6x 1400 = 840 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 1462.22 x 1.490
Q1 = = = 217.9 Kg
2b 10.00

Q1 217.87
F1 = = = 0.259 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F1 0.259
L1netto = = = 0.524 cm
a 0.495

L1bruto = L1netto + 3a
= 0.524 + 1.485 = 2.009

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 217.871
tytd = = = 219.107 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1bruto 0.994

Jadi panjang las = L1bruto = 2.009 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 1462.22 x 3.510
Q2 = = = 513.2 Kg
2b 10.000

Q2 513.2
F2 = = = 0.611 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F2 0.611
L2 netto = = = 1.234 cm
a 0.495

L2bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 1.234 + 1.485 = 2.719

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 513.239
tytd = = = 381.311 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2 bruto 1.346

Jadi panjang las = L2 bruto =2.719 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

10. PERENCANAAN KOLOM

~ Beban aksial yang diterima :

Beban mati (A) = 3850.441 Kg
Beban tak terduga (B) = 250.000 Kg
Beban angin kiri (C) = 6.505 Kg
Beban angin kanan (D) = 137.667 Kg

~ Kombinasi pembebanan :
A+B = 3850.441 + 250 = 4100.441 Kg
A+C = 3850.441 + 6.505 = 3856.947 Kg
A+D = 3850.441 + 137.667 = 3988.108 Kg
A+B+C = 3850.441 + 250 + 6.505 = 4106.947 Kg

Diambil kombinasi pembebanan ekstrim (Ptk) = 4106.947 Kg

~ Beban momen = beban horisontal akibat angin x tinggi kolom

= 841.162 x 10
= 8411.620 Kg.m

Dianggap kolom berupa jepit - sendi, K = 0.707

Panjang tekuk ( Ltk ) = Panjang kolom x K
= 1000 x 0.707
= 707.107 cm

~ Momen inersia ;

n . Ptk . Ltk2 3.5 x 4106.947 x 707.107###

I = =
p2 . E p2 x 2100000

= 346.767 cm4

Untuk satu profil = 1/2 ( 346.77 ) = 173.3836 cm4

Direncanakan profil baja Kanal 10

Ix = 206 cm4 Iy = 29.3 cm4

ix = 3.91 cm iy = 1.47 cm4
F = 13.5 cm2
a = 1 cm (plat simpul)
t = 8.5 cm
Wy = 8.49 cm3
Wx = 41.2 cm3
b = 50 mm
e = 15.5 mm

~ Kontrol tekuk
Untuk sumbu lewat bahan ( sumbu x - x )
Ltk 707.107
lx = = = 180.85 ~ 181
ix 3.91

Dari tabel x - a - sxx diperoleh ax = 0.129

sxx = ax x sd = 0.129 x 1600 = 206.4 Kg/cm2

P = ax x 2F x sd = 0.129 x 27 x 1600 = 5572.8 Kg

P 4106.947
st = = = 152.1091 < 206.4 oke !
2F 27

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Untuk sumbu bebas bahan ( sumbu y - y )

Iyfiktif = 2( Iy + FC2 ) C = e + 0,5a = 16 cm

= ### ( 29.3 + 13.5 x 256 )

= 6970.6 cm4

0,9xIyfiktif 6273.54
iyfiktif = = = 15.24314 cm
2F 27

Ltk 707.11
lx =
iyfiktif
= = 46.389 ~ 46.4
15.243

Dari tabel x - a - sxx diperoleh ayfiktif = 0.864

ax 0.129
a1 = = = 0.149
ayfiktif 0.864

Dari tabel x - a - sxx diperoleh ly1 = 168.5

Lmedan = ly1 x iy
= 168.5 x 3.91 = 658.84 cm

Ltk 707.11
Banyaknya medan = = = 1.0733 ~ 2
Lmedan 658.84

Jarak plat koppel dengan tepi batang ( Lki )

Ltk 707.11
Lki = = = 353.55 cm
medan 2

Kontrol untuk banyaknya medan

Lki 353.55
ly1 = = = 90.423 ~ 90.4
iy 3.91
Dari tabel x - a - sxx diperoleh ay1 = 0.501

ayfiktif x ay1 > ax

0.864 x 0.501 > 0.129
0.4329 > 0.129 oke !

stk = ayfiktif x ay1 x sd

= 0.864 x 0.501 x 1600
= 692.5824 Kg/cm2

P 4106.947
st = = = 152.1091 < 692.5824 oke !
2F 27

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

11. PERENCANAAN PONDASI

KOLOM

PLAT

Digunakan ukuran plat tebal (t) = 1 cm

panjang (h) = 40 cm
lebar (b) = 40 cm

Perhitungan tegangan :

P M dimana ; M = 841162 Kg.cm

s =
F
+
W F = b .h = 40 x 40 = 1600 cm2
W = 1/6 . bh2
= 10667 cm3
P = 4106.947 Kg

Sehingga :

4106.947 841162
s =
1600
+
10666.67

s = 2.566842 + 78.85894
x
smax = 81.426 Kg/cm2
smin = -76.292 Kg/cm2

menentukan besarnya x

x h-x
=
tmin tmax

x 40 - x x = 19.35 cm
=
76.292 81.426

Gaya yang dibutuhkan angker

Pangker = x .b . 1/2 tmin =
= 19.349 . 40 . 1/2 . 76.292 = 29523.52 Kg

Luas penampang yang dibutuhkan ;

Pangker 29523.52
F = = = 18.452 cm2
sangker 1600

Digunakan angker = f 12 mm = 1.13 cm2

Banyaknya angker = f
### 12 mm = 4.52 cm2

Kontrol terhadap beban horisontal

n.1/4.p.d2.(0,7.tangker) > H H = gaya horisontal

4.1/4.p. 1.2 ###. 0.7 . 1600 > 841.162

5066.761 > 841.162 ……………. ( aman )

Kontrol terhadap beban momen

4.1/4.p. 1.2### . 50 . 1600 > M

361911 > 8411.62 …………. ( aman )

 P

M
Beban momen = 8411.62 Kg.m
Beban aksial = 4106.947 Kg
Berat sendiri pondasi

III 0.3 gd
Bag. Volume (m3) Berat (kg)
0.1 I 0.04 2400 96
II I II 0.15 II 0.048000 2400 115.2
0.15 III 0.048000 2400 115.2
ukuran dlm meter 326.4

0.3 Total beban aksial :

P = 4106.947 + 326.4
= 4433.347 Kg
0.4
Tegangan yang terjadi :
0.3
P M
s =
F
+
W

0.3 0.4 0.3 4433.347 841162 F=luas dasar pondasi(b.h)

= +
ukuran dlm meter 100 166667 W=1/6 .bh2

= 49.38044 Kg/cm2
 Panjang Gaya
Nama
No. batang batang Keterangan
Batang
(m) (ton)
1 a1 3.5355 18.1055 Tekan
2 a2 3.5355 11.0344 Tekan
3 a3 3.5355 11.0344 Tekan
4 a4 3.5355 16.0336 Tekan
5 b1 2.5 12.8025 Tarik
6 b2 2.5 12.8025 Tarik
7 b3 2.5 11.3375 Tarik
8 b4 2.5 11.3375 Tarik
9 t1 2.5 0 -
10 t2 5.0 8.535 Tarik
11 t3 2.5 0 -
12 d1 3.5355 7.0711 Tekan
13 d2 3.5355 4.9992 Tekan