No.

1 E

4 8

C F
7 H
5 9 12
1
3 11

A 2 6 10 13 H

B D G

L= 13 m

Diketahui Rangka Kap, dengan ukuran/parameter sbb:

Jarak Rangka Kap = 3.25 m

Panjang Bentangan = 13 m
Kemiringan atap = 28.300756 o

Tinggi Rangka = 3.5

Diminta :

- Besarnya gaya-gaya batang

- Dimensi batang atas, bawah dan tegak/diagonal
- Sambungan baut pada 2 (dua) titik kumpul
- Sketsa dari rangka kap, termasuk detail 2 (dua) titik kumpul

Digunakan :

Baja ST 37
sd = 1600 Kg/cm2
 STRUKTUR BAJA II

PROSEDUR KERJA

1. Menghitung Panjang Batang

2. Menghitung Beban - Beban yang bekerja :
a. Beban Atap
b. Beban Angin
c. Beban Tak Terduga
d. Beban Gording
3. Mengontrol Profil Gording
4. Perhitungan Kuda - Kuda
5. Menghitung Gaya - Gaya Batang Total
6. Mendisain Dimensi Batang :
a. Batang Atas
b. Batang Bawah
c. Batang Diagonal
7. Mendisain Plat Koppel
8. Mengontrol Tegangan Plat Koppel
9. Mendisain Sambungan Baut
10. Mengontrol Sambungan Baut
11. Mendisain Sambungan Las
12. Mengontrol Sambungan Las
13. Mendisain Kolom Rangka Kap dan Kontrol
14. Membuat Gambar Kerja.

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

1. MENGHITUNG PANJANG BATANG

C F

H = 3.5 m
A H
a
B D G
3.2500 m 3.2500 m 3.2500 m 3.2500 m

13 m

13.00
AB = BD = DG = GH = = 3.2500 m
4
DE = 3.5 m

Tan a = ED = 3.5 = 0.5384615 a = 28.30076

AD 6.5
BC = FG = 1/2 . DE = 1/2 . 3.5 = 1.75 m
AE2 = AD2 + DE2 = 42.2500 + 12.25 = 54.50 m

AE = EH = ( AD + DE ) 2 2 1/2
= ( 54.50 ) 1/2
= 7.3824 m

AC2 = AB2 + BC2 = 10.56 + 3.06 = 13.63 m

AC = FH = ( AB2 + BC2 )1/2 = ( 13.63 )1/2 = 3.6912 m

CE = EF = AE - AC = 7.38 - 3.69 = 3.6912 m

CD2 = DF2 = BD2 + BC2 = ### + 3.0625 = 13.6250 m

CD = DF = ( BD + BC ) 2 2 1/2
= ( 13.6250 ) 1/2
= 3.6912 m

REKAPITULASI PANJANG BATANG

BATANG PANJANG ( m )
AB = BD = DG =GH 3.2500
DE = H 3.5
BC = FG 1.75
AC = FH 3.6912
CE = EF 3.6912
CD = DF 3.6912

PERHITUNGAN SUDUT

Sin 28.3008 o
= 0.4741
1
Cos 28.3008 o
= 0.8805
A
Tan 28.3008 o
= 0.5385
2
4
Panjang BC
C Sin b =
35o Panjang CD
35o b
1.7500
1 =
3 5 3.6912
b
= 0.4741
B 6 D
Panjang BD 3.2500
Cos b = = = 0.8805
Panjang CD 3.6912

Panjang BC 1.7500
Tan b = = = 0.5385
Panjang BD 3.2500
2. MENGHITUNG BEBAN - BEBAN

a. Beban Atap
Jarak Antar Gording (a) = AC/4 = 0.9228 m
Q Jarak Kap (b) = 3.25 m
Qx
Qy Berat Atap Genteng (G) = 50 Kg/m2 (sesuai PMI 1970)
Jadi :
Q = axG
Q = 0.9228 x 50 = 46.1401 Kg/m
~ Qx = Q. Sin 28.3008 o = 21.8750 Kg/m
28.3008
Qy = Q.Cos 28.3008 o = 40.6250 Kg/m
~ Mx = 1/8 Qy b2 = 53.6377 Kg.m
My = 1/8 Qx b2 = 28.8818 Kg.m
b. Beban Angin
P Tekanan Angin (P) = 25 Kg/m2 (sesuai PMI 1970)
P Koefisien Angin (c1) = 0,02a - 0,4
P = 0.1660
P
P c2 = -0.4 (belakang angin untuk semua a)
W = c1 x a x P
= 0.1660 x 0.9228 x 25
= 3.8300 Kg/m
a
~ Mx = 1/8 W b2 = 5.0568 Kg.m
My = 0
c. Beban Tak Terduga

P P = 100 Kg
Px ~ Px = P.Sin a = 47.4100 Kg
Py Py = P.Cos a = 88.0471 Kg
~ Mx = 1/4 Py b = 71.5383 Kg.m
My = 1/4 Px b = 38.5206 Kg.m

a
d. Beban Gording

Diketahui berat gording dalam perbandingan normal (q) = 10 Kg/m - 50 Kg/m

Direncanakan berat gording (q) = 20 kg/m

q
~ qx = q.Sin a = 9.482 Kg/m
qx
qy qy = q.Cos a = 17.609 Kg/m
~ Mx = 1/8 qy b2 = 23.250 Kg.m
My = 1/8 qx b2 = 12.519 Kg.m

a
Kombinasi Pembebanan :

Keadaan 1 : Beban Atap + Beban Gording + Beban Angin

Mx = 53.638 + 23.250 + 5.057 = 81.944 Kg.m
My = 28.882 + 12.519 + 0 = 41.401 Kg.m

Keadaan 2 : Beban Atap + Beban Gording + Beban Tak Terduga

Mx = 53.638 + 23.250 + 71.538 = 148.425912 Kg.m
My = 28.882 + 12.519 + 38.521 = 79.921645 Kg.m
Ambil Maksimalnya :
Mx = 148.426 Kg.m
My = 79.922 Kg.m
3. MENGONTROL PROFIL GORDING
Mengontrol Tegangan :

Mx My
Kontrol : Wx + Wy < s Dimana s
leleh
s = 1.5
2400
s = = 1600 Kg/cm2 ( Untuk Bj A36)
1.5
Wy diambil = 1/8 Wx

Mx My Mx + 8 My
+ < s < s
Wx (1/8)WX Wx

Misalkan : Mx + 8 My
= s
Wx

maka : Mx + 8 My 148.43 + (8). 79.922

Wx perlu = = x 100 = 49.23744 Cm3
s 1600
Wx perlu = 49.237 Cm3
Diambil Profil kanal C 14 dengan data sbb:
Wx = 60.7 cm3 tw = 0.7 Cm
Wy = 11.1 cm3
Ix = 605 cm4
Iy = 62.7 cm4
q = 16 Kg/m

Mx My
Kontrol : + < s
Wx Wy
148.43 79.922
(
60.7
+
11.1
) . 100 < s

964.54 < 1600 Okay !!

Sketsa profil :
y

h
x y x

y
b
Mengontrol Lendutan :

fmax = 1/200 x b E = 2,1.106 ( Baja ) b = 3 m

= 1.625 cm = 325 cm

5 Qx.b4 1 Px.b3 5 qx.b4

fx = + +
384 EIy 48 EIy 384 EIy

= 0.241 + 0.003 + 0.105

= 0.349 cm

5 Qy.b4 1 Py.b3 5 qy.b4

fy = + +
384 EIx 8 EIx 384 EIx

= 0.046 + 0.003 + 0.020

= 0.070 cm

Ambil Maksimalnya = 0.349 cm

fx = 0.349 cm < 1.625 cm Profil Dapat Digunakan
4. PERHITUNGAN KUDA - KUDA

a. Beban Mati
1. Berat Kuda - kuda
Rumus Penaksiran :
L = Panjang Bentang
P = ( L + 2 ) L.b s/d ( L + 5 ) L.b
Karena L = 13.0 m maka diambil
P = ( L + 3 ) L.b
= ( 13.0 + 3 ) 13 x 3.25
= 676.00 Kg

Sehingga untuk beban di titik buhul diambil Pr = P / n+1

dimana n = Jumlah titik buhul = 5
P 676.000
Pr = = = 169.00 Kg
n-1 4

Sedang pada titik ujung menerima beban :

P = 1/2Pr = 84.500 Kg

2. Berat Atap
G = Berat atap genteng = 50
P = G x 2a x b
= 50 x 1.846 x 3.25
= 299.9105 Kg
P
Diambil
= jarak OverStek d = 0.8 m
Jadi
G beban atap pada bentang tersebut adalah
x = G x d x b
d = 50 x 0.8 x 3.25
x = 130 Kg
b
Sehingga beban total di titik A = H = 1/2 berat atap AC + 1/2 berat atap Overstek
P = ½ 299.9105 + ½ 130
= 149.9552 + 65
= 214.9552 Kg

3. Berat Gording
q = Berat gording sendiri Untuk titik A,H = 1,5P = 1.5 x 52 = 78 Kg
P = q x b Untuk titik C dan F = 2P = 2 x 52 = 104 Kg
= 16 x 3.25 Untuk titik E = 3P = 3 x 52 = 156 Kg
= 52 Kg

REKAPITULASI BEBAN KONSTRUKSI :

Titik Buhul A,H C dan F E
Beban Kuda-kuda 84.5000 169.0000 169.0000
Beban Atap 214.9552 299.9105 299.9105
Beban Gording 78.0 104.0 156.0
TOTAL 377.4552 572.9105 624.9105
b. Beban Angin
Tekanan Angin(P)= 25 Kg/m2
= 0,02a - 0,4
1. Koefisien tekanan angin (c1) a= 28
= 0.2
Sehingga beban angin tekan = P x c1 x b x 2a
=### x 0.17 x 3.25 x 1.846
= 24.8948 Kg

Pada titik E = 1/2 x 24.8948

= 12.4474 Kg

Pada OverStek beban angin tekan = P x c1 x b x d

= 25 x 0.17 x 3.25 x 0.8
= 11 Kg

Sehingga beban angin di titik A = 1/2 beban angin tekan bentang AB + 1/2 beban OverStek
= ½ 24.8948 + ½ 11
= 12.447 + 5
= 17.8429 Kg

2. Koefisien angin hisap ( c2 ) = -0.4

Sehingga beban angin hisap = P x c2 x b x 2a
=### x -0.4 x 3.25 x 1.846
= -59.9821 Kg

Pada titik E = 1/2 x ( -59.9821 )

= -29.9910 Kg

Pada OverLapping beban angin hisap = P x c 2 x b x d

= 25 x -0.4 x 3.25 x 0.8
= -26 Kg

Sehingga beban angin pada titik H = 1/2 beban angin hisap bentang FH + 1/2 beban Stek
= ½ -59.9821 + ½ ( -26 )
= -29.99105 + ( -13 )
= -42.99 Kg

c. Beban Tak Terduga

Beban pada tiap titik buhul adalah

P = 100 Kg ( sesuai PMI )
5. MENGHITUNG GAYA - GAYA BATANG
P3
a. Akibat Beban - Beban Mati

P2 E P2
4 8
C F

###
P1 P1
5 7 9
1 12
3 11 H
a
A

VA 2 B 6 D 10 G 13 VH

3.250 m 3.25 m 3.25 m 3.25 m

P1 = 377.4552 Kg Sin 28.3008 o

= 0.4741
P2 = 572.9105 Kg Cos 28.3008 o
= 0.8805
P3 = 624.9105 Kg tan 28.3008 o
= 0.5385

2P1 + 2P2 + P3 754.9105 + 1145.821 + 624.910

VA = V H = = = 1262.821 Kg
2 2

TITIK A
SV = 0
S1
S1 Sin a = P1 - VA
P1 0.4741 S1 = -885.3657
S1 = -1867.4668 kg (Tekan)

a SH = 0
A S2
S2 = - S1 Cos a
S2 = - ( S1 Cos a )
VA = - ( -1867.4668 x 0.8805 )
= 1644.2506 kg (Tarik)

TITIK B
SH = 0
S6 = S 2
S6 = 1644.251 kg (Tarik)
S3
S6 SV = 0
S2 B S3 = 11 =
S 0 Kg

TITIK C
SV = 0
P2
S4 Sin a - S5 Sin b = P2 + S3 + S1 Sin a
S4
0.4741 S4 - 0.4741 S5 = -312.5 ….(1)

C
a SH = 0
a b S4 Cos a + S5 Cos b = S1 Cos a
0.8805 S4 + 0.8805 S5 = -1644.2506 ….(2)

S1
S5
S3
 Eliminasi persamaan (1) dengan (2) :
0.4741 S4 - 0.4741 S5 = -312.5 0.8805 0.4174 S4 - 0.4174 S5 = -275.1078
0.8805 S4 + 0.8805 S5 = -1644.2506 0.4741 0.4174 S4 + 0.4174 S5 = -779.5389 +
0.835 S4 = -1054.6467
S4 = -1263.2582 Kg
Subtitusi ke persamaan (2) akan diperoleh (Tekan)
0.8805 S4 + 0.8805 S5 = -1644.2506
0.8805 . -1263.2582 + 0.8805 S5 = -1644.2506
S5 = -604.2087 Kg (Tekan)

TITIK E

P3
SH = 0
S8 Cos a = S4 Cos a
E S8 = S4
S8 = -1263.2582 Kg (Tekan)
a a

SV = 0
S4 S8 S7 = - ( P3 + S4 Sin a + S8 Sin a )
= 572.9105 Kg (Tarik)
S7

TITIK D
SV = 0
S7 S9 Sin b
S5 S9 = - ( S7 + S5 Sin b )
0.4741 S9 = -286.5
S9 = -604.2087 Kg (Tekan)

b b
S6 S10
D

SH = 0
S10 = S6 +S5 Cos b - S9 Cos b
S10 = 1644.2506 Kg (Tarik)
 b. Akibat Beban Angin
P3 P4
1. Angin Kiri
P2 E
P5
4 8

C F

###
P1 7 P6
1 5 9 12
A 3 11 H
35o
HA 2 6 D 10 G 13
B
VA VH

3.250 m 3.25 m 3.25 m 3.25 m

a = 28 o
Cos a = 0.8805 P1 = 17.8429 Kg P4 = 29.9910 Kg
Sin a = 0.4741 P2 = 24.8948 Kg P5 = 59.9821 Kg
P3 = 12.4474 Kg P6 = 42.9910 Kg

S MH = 0

13.0 VA = { P1 x 13 + P2 x 9.75 + (P3 - P4) x 6.5 - P5 x 3.25 } x

Cos a - { ( P2 + P5 ) x 1.750 + ( P3 + P4 ) x 3.500 } x Sin a

= { 231.9578 + 242.7246 + ( -17.544 ) x 7 - 194.9418 } x 0.8805

- { 84.877 x 1.750 + 42.44 x 3.500 }x 0.4741
13 VA = 5.0598
VA = 0.389 Kg

S MA = 0

13 VH = { P2 x 3 ( P3 - P4 ) x 7 - P5 x 10 - P6 x 13 } x
Cos a + { ( P2 + P5 ) x 1.75 + ( P3 + P4 ) x 3.5 } x Sin a

= { 80.90822 + ( -17.544 ) x 7 - 584.82541 - 558.884 } x 1.75

0.8805 + { ( 84.877 ) x 1.75 + ( 42.4385 ) x 3.5 } x 0.4741
13 VH = -895.3282
VH = -68.8714 Kg

SH=0
HA = ( P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 + P5 + P6 ) x Sin a
= 188.1493 x 0.4741
HA = 89.2016 Kg

Kontrol
SV=0
VA + VH + ( P4 + P5 + P6 ) x Cos a = ( P1 + P2 + P3 ) x Cos a
0.389 + ( -68.871 )+ ( 132.9642 ) x 0.880 = 55.185 x 0.880
48.5889405029 = 48.58894 Okay!
 TITIK A
SV = 0
P1 S1 S1 Sin a = P1 Cos a - VA
0.4741 S1 = 15.71017 - 0.389
A = 15.3209
S1 = 32.3159 Kg (Tarik)
a
S2
HA
SH = 0
VA S2 = HA - ( S1 Cos a + P1 Sin a )
= 52.2891 Kg (Tarik)

TITIK B

SV=0
S3 = 0 Kg
S3
S6
SH=0
S2 B S6 = S2
= 52.2891 Kg (Tarik)

TITIK C
SH=0
P2 S4 S4 Cos a + S5 Cos b = S1 Cos a - P2 Sin a
0.8805 S4 + 0.8805 S5 = 16.6506 ….(3)
C
a
a b SV=0
S4 Sin a - S5 Sin b = S3 + S1 Sin a + P2 Cos a
0.4741 S4 - 0.4741 S5 = 37.2401 ....(4)
S1
S5
S3

Eliminasi persamaan (3) dengan (4) :

0.8805 S4 + 0.8805 S5 = 16.6506 0.4741 0.4174 S4 + 0.4174 S5 = 7.8940
0.4741 S4 - 0.4741 S5 = 37.2401 0.8805 0.4174 S4 - 0.4174 S5 = 32.7889 +
0.8349 S4 = 40.6829
S4 = 48.7301 Kg (Tarik)
Subtitusi ke persamaan (3) akan diperoleh
0.8805 S4 + 0.8805 S5 = 16.6506
0.8805 . 48.7301 + 0.8805 S5 = 16.6506
S5 = -29.819 Kg (Tekan)

TITIK E

SH=0
P3 P4 S8 Cos a = S4 Cos a - P3 Sin a - P4 Sin a
0.8805 S8 = 42.9054 - 5.90 - 14.219
S8 = 25.879 Kg (Tarik)
E
a a SV=0
S7 = P4 Cos a - P3 Cos a - S4 Sin a - S8 Sin a
S8 = 26.41 - 10.960 - 23.1029
S4
- 12.2690
S7 = -19.9253 Kg (Tekan)
S7
TITIK D
SV=0
S7 S9 Sin b
S5 S9 = ( - S7) - S5 Sin b
0.474 S9 = ( 19.925 ) - -14.137
= 34.063
S9 = 71.847 Kg (Tarik)
S6 b b S10
D SH=0
S10 = S6 + S5 Cos b - S9 Cos b
= 52.289 + -26.25485 - 63.259
S10 = -37.225 Kg (Tekan)

TITIK F

S8 SH=0
S12 Cos a = S8 Cos a + S9 Cos b - P5 Sin a
P5
0.880 S12 = 22.785 + 63.25893 - 28.438
F 57.607
=
a
S12 = 65.427 Kg (Tarik)
b a
SV=0
S11 = P5 Cos a + S8 Sin a - S9 Sin b - S12 Sin a
S9 = 52.81 + 12.2690 - 34.0625 - 31.0190
S11 S12
S11 = 0 Kg

TITIK G
SV=0
S11 = 0 Kg

S11 SH=0
S13 S13 = S10
S10 G = -37.2247 Kg (Tekan)

TITIK H
Kontrol
S12
P6 SV=0
VH = - ( P6 Cos a + S12 Sin a )
-68.8714 = -68.8714 Okay !
a
H
S13 SH=0
P6 Sin a = S13 + S12 Cos a
VH
20.3820 = 20.3820 Okay !
 P3 P4
2. Angin Kanan
E
P2 P5
4 8

C F

###
P1 P6
1 5 7 9 12
A 3 11 H
35o
HA 10 13
VA 2 B 6 D G VH

3.2500 m 3.25 m 3.25 m 3.25 m

P1 = 42.9910 Kg P4 = 12.4474 Kg
P2 = 59.9821 Kg P5 = 24.8948 Kg
P3 = 29.9910 Kg P6 = 17.8429 Kg

Seperti pada perhitungan perletakan akibat beban angin kiri maka akibat beban angin
kanan akan diperoleh :

VA = -68.8714 Kg
VH = 0.389 Kg
HA = 89.2016 Kg

TITIK A
SV=0
P1 S1
S1 Sin a = - ( VA + P1 Cos a )
0.4741 S1 = - ( -31.0190 )
A
S1 = 65.4272 Kg (Tarik)
a
HA S2 SH=0
VA S2 = P1 Sin a - S1 Cos a - HA
= -126.4263 Kg (Tekan)

TITIK B
SV=0
S3 = 0 Kg
S3
S6 SH=0
S2 S6 = S2
B
= -126.4263 Kg (Tekan)

TITIK C
P2 S4 SV=0
S4 Sin a - S5 Sin b = S1 Sin a + S3 - P2 Cos a
C 0.4741 S4 - 0.4741 S5 = -21.7935 ….(5)
a
a b
SH=0
S4 Cos a + S5 Cos b = S1 Cos a + P2 Sin a
S1 0.8805 S4 + 0.8805 S5 = 86.0443 ….(6)
S5
S3
Eliminasi persamaan (5) dengan (6) :
0.4741 S4 - 0.4741 S5 = -21.7935 0.8805 0.4174 S4 - 0.4174 S5 = -19.1885
0.8805 S4 + 0.8805 S5 = 86.0443 0.4741 0.4174 S4 + 0.4174 S5 = 40.7936 +
0.8349 S4 = 21.6050
S4 = 25.8786 Kg (Tarik)

Subtitusi ke persamaan (6) akan diperoleh

0.8805 S4 + 0.8805 S5 = 86.0443
0.8805 . 25.8786 + 0.8805 S5 = 86.0443
S5 = 71.8467 Kg (Tarik)

TITIK E
SH=0
S8 Cos a = P3 Sin a + P4 Sin a + S4 Cos a
P3 P4
0.8805 S8 = 42.9054
S8 = 48.7301 Kg (Tarik)
E
a a SV=0
S7 = P3 Cos a - P4 Cos a - S4 Sin a - S8 Sin a
= -19.9253 Kg (Tekan)
S4 S8

S7

TITIK D
SV=0
S5 S7 S9 Sin b = ( - S7) - S5 Sin b
S9
0.4741 S9 = ( 19.9253 ) - 34.0625
= -14.1372
S9 = -29.819 Kg (Tekan)
b b
S6 S10
D SH=0
S10 = S6 + S5 Cos b - S9 Cos b
= -126.4263 + 63.2589 - -26.2548
S10 = -36.9125 Kg (Tekan)

TITIK F
SH=0
S8 S12 Cos a = S8 Cos a + S9 Cos b + P5 Sin a
0.8805 S12 = 42.9054 + -26.2548 + 11.8
P5
= 28.4532
F
S12 = 32.3159 Kg (Tarik)
a
b a
SV=0
S11 = S8 Sin a - S9 Sin b - S12 Sin a - P5 Cos a
= 23.1029 - -14.1372 - 15.3209
S9 S12 - 21.919
S11 S11 = 0 Kg

TITIK G
SV=0
S11 = 0.0 Kg
S11
S13 SH=0
S10 G S13 = S10
= -36.9125 Kg (Tekan)
TITK H
Kontrol
S12
P6 SV=0

a VH + S12 Sin a = P6 Cos a

H
S13 0.389 + 15.3209 = 15.7102
15.7102 = 15.7102 Okay !
VH
SH=0
S13 = - ( S12 Cos a + P6 Sin a )
-36.9125 = -36.9125 Okay !

p
 P
c. Akibat Beban Tak Terduga

P E P
4 8

3.5 m
C F
P P
7
1 5 9 12
3 11 H
35o
A
2 B 6 D 10 G 13
VA VH

3.250 m 3.250 m 3.250 m 3.250 m

P = 100 Kg

SP 500
VA = VH = = 250 Kg
2 2

TITIK A
S1
SV=0
P S1 Sin a = P - VA
0.4741 S1 = -150
S1 = -316.3891 Kg (Tekan)
a
A S2 SH=0
S2 = - ( S1 Cos a )
= 278.571 Kg (Tarik)
VA
TITIK B
SV=0
S3 = 0 Kg

S3
S6 SH=0
S2 B S6 = S2
= 278.5714 Kg (Tarik)

TITIK C
P
SH=0
S4
S4 Cos a + S5 Cos b = S1 Cos a
0.8805 S4 + 0.8805 S5 = -278.5714 ….(7)
C
a
a b SV=0
S4 Sin a - S5 Sin b = P + S1 Sin a + S3
0.4741 S4 - 0.4741 S5 = -50 ….(8)
S1
S5
S3
Eliminasi persamaan (7) dengan (8) :
0.8805 S4 + 0.8805 S5 = -278.5714 0.4741 0.4174 S4 + 0.4174 S5 = -132.0707
0.4741 S4 - 0.4741 S5 = -50 0.8805 0.4174 S4 - 0.4174 S5 = -44.0236 +
0.8349 S4 = -176.0942
Subtitusi ke persamaan (7) akan diperoleh S4 = -210.9260 Kg (Tekan)
0.8805 S4 + 0.8805 S5 = -278.5714
0.8805 . -210.9260 + 0.8805 S5 = -278.5714
S5 = -105.4630 Kg (Tekan)

TITIK E
SH=0
P S8 Cos a = S4 Cos a
S8 = S4
E = -210.9260 Kg (Tekan)

a a
SV=0
S7 = - ( P + S4 Sin a + S8 Sin a )
S4 S8 = 100 Kg (Tarik)

S7

TITIK D
S7 SV=0
S5 S9 S9 Sin b = - ( S7 + S5 Sin b )
0.474 S9 = -50.000
S9 = -105.463 Kg (Tekan)
b b
S6 S10
D SH=0
S10 = S6 + S5 Cos b - S9 Cos b
S10 = 278.571 Kg (Tarik)
 REKAPITULASI GAYA- GAYA BATANG
GAYA BATANG (Kg)

JENIS NOMOR ANGIN KIRI (Akr) (kg)

BEBAN MATI (M) (kg) BEBAN TAK TERDUGA (T) (kg) ANGIN KANAN (Akn) (kg)
BATANG BATANG

TEKAN(-) TARIK(+) TEKAN(-) TARIK(+) TEKAN(-) TARIK(+) TEKAN(-) TARIK(+)

1 -1867.4668 - -316.3891 - 32.3159 - - 65.4272

ATAS
4 -1263.2582 - -210.9260 - - 48.7301 - 25.8786
8 -1263.2582 - -210.9260 - - 25.8786 - 48.7301
12 -1867.4668 - -316.3891 - - 65.4272 32.3159 -
BAWAH 2 - 1644.2506 - 278.5714 - 52.289 -126.4263 -
6 - 1644.2506 - 278.5714 - 52.289 -126.4263 -
10 - 1644.2506 - 278.5714 -37.225 - -36.9125 -
13 - 1644.2506 - 278.5714 -37.225 - -36.9125 -
3 - - - - - - - -
DIAGONAL

5 -604.2087 - -105.4630 - -29.8191 - - 71.8467

7 - 572.9105 - 100 -19.9253 - -19.9253 -
9 -604.2087 - -105.4630 - - 71.8467 -29.8191 -
11 - - - - - - - -

KOMBINASI PEMBEBANAN

JENIS NOMOR M + AKr (kg) M + AKn (kg) PANJANG

BATANG BATANG M + T (kg) HARGA BATANG (m)
EKSTRIM (kg)
TEKAN(-) TARIK(+) TEKAN(-) TARIK(+) TEKAN(-) TARIK(+)
1 -2183.8559 - -1835.1510 - -1867.4668 65.4272 3.6912
4 -1474.1842 - -1263.2582 48.7301 -1263.2582 25.8786 3.6912
ATAS

-2183.8559
8 -1474.1842 - -1263.2582 25.8786 -1263.2582 48.7301 3.6912
12 -2183.8559 - -1867.4668 65.4272 -1835.1510 - 3.6912
2 - 1922.8220 - 1696.5397 -126.4263 1644.2506 3.2500
BAWAH

6 - 1922.8220 - 1696.5397 -126.4263 1644.2506 3.2500

1922.8220
10 - 1922.8220 -37.2247 1644.2506 -36.9125 1644.2506 3.2500
13 - 1922.8220 -37.2247 1644.2506 -36.9125 1644.2506 3.2500
3 - - - - - - 1.7500
DIAGONAL

5 -709.6717 - -634.0278 - -604.2087 71.8467 3.6912

7 - 672.9105 -19.9253 572.9105 -19.9253 572.9105 -709.6717 3.5000
9 -709.6717 - -604.2087 71.8467 -634.0278 - 3.6912
11 - - - - - - 1.7500
6. PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI BATANG
1. Batang Atas
Pmax = -2183.856 Kg = -2.1839 ton (tekan)
Baja ST 37 dengan sd = 1600 Kg/cm 2

Ltekan = 3.691 m = 369.121 cm

Imin = 1.69 x Pmax x (Ltekan)2
= 1.69 x 2.184 x 13.625
= 50.286 cm4

Untuk 1 profil, Imin = 1/2 x( 50.286 )

= 25.143 cm4

Dari tabel baja profil yang memenuhi adalah 70 x 70 x 7

dengan data:
Y
t Ix = Iy = 42.400 cm4
ix = iy = 2.120 cm
F = 9.4 cm2
a = 1 cm (plat simpul)
t = 7 = 0.7 cm
X d X b = 70 mm = 7 cm
W = 0.495 cm
e = 1.97 cm
dL = 2 cm (diameter lubang)
b Y b Jadi diameter baut (menurut PPBBI )
d = dL - 1 mm (baut hitam)
d= 1.9 cm

Kontrol Tekuk
Untuk sumbu lewat bahan ( sumbu x-x )
Ltekan 369.1
lx = = = 174.11 ~ 174
ix 2.120

Dari tabel x-a -sxx diperoleh ax = 0.124

sxx = ax x sd = 0.124 x 1600 = 198.40 Kg/cm2
P = ax x 2F x sd = 3729.92 > 2183.856
P 2183.856
st = = = 116.16 Kg/cm2 < 198.40 Kg/cm2 Okay !
2F 18.8
Untuk sumbu bebas bahan( sumbu y-y )
Iyfiktif 2 ( Iy + FC )
2
= C = e + 1/2a
= 2.47 cm
= 2( 42.40 + 9.4 x 2.47 2) = 199.497 cm4
0,9xIyfiktif 179.55 1/2
iyfiktif = ( )1/2 = ( ) = 3.090 cm
2F 18.80
Ltekan 369.1
lx =
iyfiktif
= = 119.442 ~ 119.4
3.090

Dari tabel untuk x - a - sxx diperoleh ayfiktif = 0.225

ax 0.124
a1 = ayfiktif = = 0.551
0.225

Dari tabel x - a - sxx diperoleh ly1 = 165.0

Lmedan = ly1 x iy = 165 x 2.120
= 349.80 cm
Ltekan 369.1206
Banyaknya medan = = = 1.055 = 3.00 (dibulatkan keganjil)
Lmedan 349.80

Maka untuk setiap 3

medan dibuat 2 plat koppel
Ltekan 369.1205765
Jarak plat koppel dengan tepi batang ( L ki ) = = = 123.040 cm
medan 3
 Kontrol untuk banyaknya medan

Lki 123.040
ly1 = = = 58.038 ~ 58
iy 2.120
Dari tabel diperoleh ay1 = 0.736
ayfiktif x ay1 > ax
0.225 x 0.736 > 0.124
0.166 > 0.124 oke!!

stk = ayfiktif x ay1 x sd

= 0.225 x 0.736 x 1600
= 264.960 Kg/cm2

P 2183.8559
st = = = 116.163 < 264.96 Okay !
2F 18.8

2. Batang Bawah
Pmax = 1922.822 Kg (tarik)
Lk = 3.250 m
sd = 1600 Kg/cm2

Pmax 1922.822
Fnetto = = = 1.202 cm2
sd 1600

Fbruto = 1.2 x Fnetto = 1.2 x 1.202 = 1.442 cm2

Digunakan profil baja 50 x 50 x 9 F = 8.24 cm2

e = 1.56 cm
W = 0.35 cm
dL = 1.4 cm
ix = iy = 1.47 cm

Pmax 1922.822
s ytd = = = 233.35 Kg/cm2 < 1600 Kg/cm2 Okay !
F 8.24

Kontrol :
Lk
≤ 240
I min

325
≤ 240
1.47

221.1 ≤ 240 Okay !

3. Batang Diagonal
Pmax = -709.672 Kg = -0.710 ton (tekan)
sd = 1600 Kg/cm2

Ltekan = 3.691 m = 369.121 cm

Imin = 1.69 x Pmax x (Ltekan)2
= 1.69 x 0.710 x 13.625
= 16.341 cm4 `

Untuk 1 profil, Imin = 1/2 x( 16.341 )

= 8.171 cm4
Profil yang memenuhi : 50 x 50 x 7
dengan data:
Ix = Iy = 14.6 cm4
ix = iy = 1.80 cm
F = 9.03 cm2
a = 1 cm (plat simpul)
t = 7 = 0.7 cm
W = 0.354 cm
b = 50 mm = 5 cm
e = 1.49 cm
dL = 1.7 cm
Kontrol Tekuk
Untuk sumbu lewat bahan ( sumbu x-x )
Ltekan 369.121
lx = = = 205.07 ~ 185
ix 1.800

Dari tabel x-a -sxx diperoleh ax = 0.124

sxx = ax x sd = 0.124 x 1600 = 198.40 Kg/cm2
P = ax x 2F x sd = 3583.104 > 709.6717
P 709.6717
st = = = 39.30 Kg/cm2 < 198.40 Kg/cm2 Okay !
2F 18.06
Untuk sumbu bebas bahan( sumbu y-y )
Iyfiktif = 2 ( Iy + FC2 ) C = e + 1/2a
= 1.99 cm
= 2( 14.6 + 9.03 x 1.99 2) = 100.719 cm4
0,9xIyfiktif 90.65 1/2
iyfiktif = ( )1/2 = ( ) = 2.240 cm
2F 18.06
Ltekan 369.121
lx =
iyfiktif
= = 164.759 ~ 164.8
2.240

Dari tabel untuk x - a - sxx diperoleh ayfiktif = 0.256

ax 0.124
a1 = ay = = 0.484
fiktif 0.256

Dari tabel x - a - sxx diperoleh ly1 = 99.1

Lmedan = ly1 x iy = 99.1 x 1.800
= 178.38 cm
Ltekan 369.121
Banyaknya medan = = = 2.069 = 3 (dibulatkan keganjil)
Lmedan 178.38

Maka untuk setiap 3

medan dibuat 2 plat koppel
Ltekan 369.1205765
Jarak plat koppel dengan tepi batang ( L ki ) = = = 123.040 cm
medan 3

Kontrol untuk banyaknya medan

Lki 123.040
ly1 = = = 68.356 ~ 68.4
iy 1.800
Dari tabel diperoleh ay1 = 0.709
ayfiktif x ay1 > ax
0.256 x 0.709 > 0.124
0.182 > 0.124 oke!!

stk = ayfiktif x ay1 x sd

= 0.256 x 0.709 x 1600
= 290.41 Kg/cm2

P 709.67171
st = = = 39.295 < 290.41 Okay !
2F 18.06
 STRUKTUR BAJA II

7. PERHITUNGAN PLAT KOPPEL

z 1. Batang Atas

t =1 cm P = -2183.856 Kg

70 x 70 x 7

F = 9.4 cm2
Ix = Iy = 42.4 cm4
e = 1.97 cm
w = 0.495 cm
w a w a = 1 cm
d = 1.9 cm

2d

5d

2d

Perhitungan baut :

dimana t = 0,6s = 0.6 x 1400

= 840 Kg/cm2

dimana sm=1,5s = 1.5 x 1400

= 2100 Kg/cm2

Tinjau geser : P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x 1.9 2x 840 )= 4763.283 Kg

Tinjau melesak : P/n = d.t.sm = 1.9 x 1 x 2100 = 3990.000 Kg

P 2183.856
n = = = 0.55 ~ 2
Pmin 3990

Ukuran plat koppel

l = 9d = 9 x 1.9 = 17.1 cm z = 2w + a = 2.0 cm

t = 1 cm Lki = 123.04 cm
c = 5d = 5 x 1.9 = 9.5 cm syarat, Dmax = 1,5%x P
= 32.758 Kg

Momen statis terhadap sumbu y - y

S = F x z/2 = 9.4 x 1 = 9.353 cm3
I = 2( Iy + F(z/2) )
2
= 2 ( 42.4 + 9.30624 ) = 103.4125 cm4
SxDxLki 37697.554
V = = = 364.53587 Kg
I 103.4125

Untuk satu baut, V/2 = 182.2679 Kg

Plat koppel seimbang jika, V.z = N.c
Vxz 725.426373 = untuk satu baut, N/2 = 38.1803 Kg
N = = 76.36067 Kg
c 9.5

R = ( ( V/2 )2 + ( N/2 )2)1/2 = ( 33221.599 + 1457.738 )1/2 = 186.2239 Kg

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Kontrol kekuatan baut :

Terhadap geser ; R 186.224

tt = = = 65.6808 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2
1/4od2 2.835
oke!
Terhadap melesak : R 186.224
tm = = = 98.0126 Kg/cm 2
< 2100 kg/cm2
txd 1.9
oke!
Kontrol plat koppel
Fnetto = t ( l - 2d ) = 1 ( 17.1 - 3.8 ) = 13.3 cm2
Flubang = 1/4td2 = 2.835 cm2
Itotal = 1/12 x t x l3 = 416.68 cm4
Ilubang = 2Flubang(1/2c)
2
= 127.9 cm4

Inetto = Itotal - Ilubang = 288.7 cm4

Inetto 288.7
Wnetto = = = 33.771 cm3
1/2l 8.55

terhadap geser :

V 364.536
tgeser = = = 27.409 Kg/cm2
Fnetto 13.3

tmax = 3/2 tgeser = 41.113 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!

terhadap momen :

M N/2 x c 362.71
sytd = = = = 10.74 Kg/cm2 < 1400 Kg/cm2 oke!
wnetto wnetto 33.771

tegangan ideal :

sid = ( ( sytd )2 + 3( tmax )2 )1/2 = ( 115.36 + 5070.9 )1/2

= 72.015 Kg/cm2 < 1400 Kg/cm2 oke!

2. Batang Diagonal

P = -709.672 Kg

50 x 50 x 7

F = 9.03 cm2
Ix = Iy = 14.6 cm4
e = 1.49 cm
w = 0.354 cm
d = 1.7 cm
a = 1 cm

Perhitungan baut :

dimana t = 0,6s = 0.6 x 1400

= 840 Kg/cm2

dimana sm=1,5s = 1.5 x 1400

= 2100 Kg/cm2

Tinjau geser : P/n = 2( t/4.d2.t ) = 2( t/4x 1.7 2x 840 )= 3813.265 Kg

Tinjau melesak : P/n = d.t.sm = 1.7 x 1 x 2100 = 3570.000 Kg

P 709.672
n = = = 0.2 ~ 2
Pmin 3570

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Ukuran plat koppel

l = 9d = 9 x 1.7 = 15.3 cm z = 2w + a = 1.7 cm

t = 1 cm Lki = 123.04 cm
c = 5d = 5 x 1.7 = 8.5 cm syarat, Dmax = 1,5%x P
= 10.645 Kg

Momen statis terhadap sumbu y - y

S = F x z/2 = 9.03 x 0.85 = 7.7116 cm3
I = 2( Iy + F(z/2)2) = 2 ( 14.6 + 6.58572 ) = 42.37145 cm4
SxDxLki 10100.465
V = = = 238.37905 Kg
I 42.3714

Untuk satu baut, V/2 = 119.1895 Kg

Plat koppel seimbang jika, V.z = N.c
Vxz 407.151414 = untuk satu baut, N/2 = 23.9501 Kg
N = = 47.90017 Kg
c 8.5

R = ( ( V/2 )2 + ( N/2 )2)1/2 = ( 14206.143 + 573.6065 )1/2 = 121.5720 Kg

Kontrol kekuatan baut :

Terhadap geser ; R 121.572

tt = = = 53.5606 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2
1/4td2 2.270
oke!
Terhadap melesak : R 121.572
tm = = = 71.5129 Kg/cm2 < 2100 kg/cm2
txd 1.7
oke!
Kontrol plat koppel
Fnetto = t ( l - 2d ) = 1 ( 15.3 - 3.4 ) = 11.9 cm2
Flubang = 1/4td 2
= 2.270 cm2
Itotal = 1/12 x t x l3 = 298.46 cm4
Ilubang = 2Flubang(1/2c)
2
= 82.0 cm4
Inetto = Itotal - Ilubang = 216.5 cm4
Inetto 216.5
Wnetto = = = 28.296 cm3
1/2l 7.65

terhadap geser :

V 238.379
tgeser = = = 20.032 Kg/cm2
Fnetto 11.9

tmax = 3/2 tgeser = 30.048 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!

terhadap momen :

M N/2 x c 203.58
sytd = = = = 7.1944 Kg/cm2 < 1400 Kg/cm2 oke!
wnetto wnetto 28.296

tegangan ideal :

sid = ( ( sytd )2 + 3( tmax )2 )1/2 = ( 51.759 + 2708.6 )1/2

= 52.539 Kg/cm2 < 1400 Kg/cm2 oke!

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

8. PERHITUNGAN JUMLAH Paku keling

Syarat kekuatan Paku keling :

a. Akibat geser : P/n
t = < t
F

dimana t = 0,6s = 0.6 x 1400

= 840 Kg/cm2

b. Akibat melesak : P/n

s = < sm
Fm

dimana sm=1,5s = 1.5 x 1400

= 2100 Kg/cm2

F = Luas penampang Paku keling

Fm = Luas penampang melesak

Titik Kumpul A = H

Batang 1 = 12
P = -11975 Kg (tekan)
1 Profil 90 x 90 x 9
d = 1.4 cm
2
t = 0.9 cm

P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x1.4 2x 840 )= 2586.159 Kg

P/n = d.t.sm = 1.4 x 0.9 x 2100 = 2646 Kg

P 11975.000
n = = = 4.63 y 5
Pmin 2586.15907

Batang 2 = 13
P = 11082.000 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 5
d = 1.4 cm
t = 0.5 cm

P/n = ( p/4.d2.t ) = ( p/4x 1.4 x

2
840 )= 1293.080 Kg
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.4 x 0.5 x 2100 = 1470 Kg

P 11082
n = = = 6
Pmin 1293.07954

Titik Kumpul C = F

Batang 4 = 8
P = 11975.000 Kg (tekan)
Profil 90 x 90 x 9
a2
d = 1.4 cm
a1` t = 0.9 cm
1
t1
3 P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x1.4 2x 840 )= 2586.159 Kg
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.4 x 0.9 x 2100 = 2646 Kg

P 11975.000
n = = = 4.63 y 3
Pmin 2586.15907

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Batang 3 = 11
P = 0.00 Kg

Batang 5 = 9
P = -634.028 Kg
Profil 40 x 40 x 4
d = 1.6 cm
t = 0.4 cm

P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x 1.6 x

2
840 )= 2586.159 Kg
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.6 x 0.4 x 2100 = 1344 Kg

P 634.028
n = = = 0.47 y 1
Pmin 1344

Titik Kumpul D
Batang 5 = 9
P = -709.672 Kg
Profil 40 x 40 x 4
7 d = 1.6 cm
7 t = 0.4 cm
5 9
5
P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x1.6 2x 840 )= 2586.159 Kg
6 10 P/n = d.t.sm = 1.6 x 0.4 x 2100 = 1344 Kg

P 709.672
n = = = 0.528 y 1
Pmin 1344

Batang 6 = 10
P = 1922.822 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 5
d = 1.3 cm
t = 0.5 cm
P/n = ( p/4.d2.t ) = ( p/4x 1.3 2x 840 )= 1293.080 Kg
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.3 x 0.5 x 2100 = 1365 Kg

P 1922.822
n = = = 1.487 y 2
Pmin 1293.07954

Batang 7
P = 672.910 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 7
d = 1.6 cm
t = 0.7 cm
P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x 1.6 2x 840 )= 2586.159 Kg
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.6 x 0.7 x 2100 = 2352 Kg

P 672.910
n = = = 0.286 y 1
Pmin 2352

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Titik Kumpul D
Batang 7
P = -709.672 Kg
9 Profil 40 x 40 x 4
d = 1.6 cm
6 10
t = 0.4 cm

P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x1.6 2x 840 )= 2586.159 Kg

7
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.6 x 0.4 x 2100 = 1344 Kg

P -709.672
n = = = -0.53 y 1
Pmin 1344

Batang 9 = 12
P = -2183.856 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 7
d = 1.6 cm
t = 0.7 cm

P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x 1.6 x

2
840 )= 2586.159 Kg
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.6 x 0.7 x 2100 = 2352 Kg

P 2183.856
n = = = 0.929 y 1
Pmin 2352

Batang 10 = 13
P = 1922.822 Kg
Profil 40 x 40 x 4
d = 1.6 cm
t = 0.4 cm

P/n = 2( p/4.d2.t ) = 2( p/4x 1.6 x

2
840 )= 2586.1591 Kg
P/n = d.t.sm = 1.6 x 0.4 x 2100 = 1344 Kg

P 1922.82202
n = = = 1.431 y 2
Pmin 1344

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

9. PERHITUNGAN LAS
1. Titik Simpul B

P1 = -2183.86 Kg
4 P3 = 0.000 Kg
P4 = -1474.18 Kg
1
5 P5 = -634.03 Kg
3

SKETSA :
a
Q1

e2
P

e1

Q2
a

2a a
Lnetto
Lbruto

Batang 1

P = -2183.856 Kg (tekan)
Profil 70 x 70 x 7
e1 = 1.97 cm t = 0.7 cm
b = 7.00 cm
e2 = 7 - 1.97 = 5.03 cm
t = 0,6x 1400 = 840 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 2183.9 x 1.970
Q1 = = = 307.30 Kg
2b 14.000

Q1 307.30
F1 = = = 0.366 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F1 0.366
L1 netto = = = 0.739 cm
a 0.495

L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= 0.739 + 1.485 = 2.224 cm

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 307.300
tytd = = = 279.156 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 1.101

Jadi panjang las = L1 bruto = 2.224 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 2183.9 x 5.030
Q2 = = = 784.63 Kg
2b 14.000

Q2 784.6
F2 = = = 0.934 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F2 0.934
L2 netto = = = 1.887 cm
a 0.495

L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 1.887 + 1.485 = 3.372

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 784.628
tytd = = = 470.100 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2bruto 1.669

Jadi panjang las = L2bruto = 3.372 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Batang 3

P = 0.000 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 7
e1 = 1.49 cm t = 0.7 cm
b = 5 cm
e2 = 5 - 1.49 = 3.51 cm
t = 0,6x 840 = 504 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 0.00 x 1.490
Q1 = = = 0.000 Kg
2b 10.000

Q1 0.000
F1 = = = 0.000 cm2
t 504

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F1 0.000
L1netto = = = 0.000 cm
a 0.495

L1bruto = L1netto + 3a
= 0.000 + 1.485 = 1.485

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 0.000
tytd = = = 0.000 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 0.735

Jadi panjang las = L1bruto = 1.485 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 0.00 x 3.510
Q2 = = = 0.000 Kg
2b 10.000

Q2 0.000
F2 = = = 0.000 cm2
t 504

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

F2 0.000
L2 netto = = = 0.000 cm
a 0.495

L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 0.000 + 1.485 = 1.485

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 0.000
tytd = = = 0.000 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2 bruto 0.735

Jadi panjang las = L2 bruto = 1.485 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Batang 4

P = -1474.184 Kg
Profil 70 x 70 x 7
e1 = 1.97 cm t = 0.7 cm
b = 7 cm
e2 = 7 - 1.97 = 5.03 cm
t = 0,6x 840 = 504 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 1474.2 x 1.970
Q1 = = = 207.44 Kg
2b 14.000

Q1 207.44
F1 = = = 0.412 cm2
t 504

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F1 0.412
L1 netto = = = 0.832 cm
a 0.495

L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= 0.832 + 1.485 = 2.316

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 207.439
tytd = = = 180.921 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 1.147

Jadi panjang las = L1 bruto = 2.316 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 1474.2 x 5.030
Q2 = = = 529.65 Kg
2b 14.000

Q2 529.65
F2 = = = 1.051 cm2
t 504

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F2 1.051
L2 netto = = = 2.123 cm
a 0.495

L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 2.123 + 1.485 = 3.608

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 529.653
tytd = = = 296.577 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2 bruto 1.786

Jadi panjang las = L2 bruto = 3.608 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Batang 5

P = -634.028 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 7
e1 = 1.49 cm t = 0.7 cm
b = 5 cm
e2 = 5 - 1.49 = 3.51 cm
t = 0,6x 1400 = 840 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 634.0 x 1.490
Q1 = = = 94.47 Kg
2b 10.000

Q1 94.47
F1 = = = 0.112 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F1 0.112
L1 netto = = = 0.227 cm
a 0.495

L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= 0.227 + 1.485 = 1.712

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 94.470
tytd = = = 111.476 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 0.847
Jadi panjang las = L1 bruto = 1.712 cm
Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 634.0 x 3.510
Q2 = = = 222.54 Kg
2b 10.000

Q2 222.54
F2 = = = 0.265 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F2 0.265
L2 netto = = = 0.535 cm
a 0.495

L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 0.535 + 1.485 = 2.020

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 222.544
tytd = = = 222.562 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2 bruto 1.000

Jadi panjang las = L2 bruto = 2.020 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

2. Titik Simpul E

P4 = -1474.184 Kg
P7 = 672.910 Kg
P8 = -1474.184 Kg
4 8
7

Batang 4 = 8

P = -1474.184 Kg
profil 70 x 70 x 7
e1 = 1.97 cm t = 0.7 cm
b = 7.00 cm
e2 = 7 - 1.97 = 5.03 cm
t = 0,6x 1400 = 840 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 1474.2 x 1.970
Q1 = = = 207.44 Kg
2b 14.000

Q1 207.44
F1 = = = 0.247 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F1 0.247
L1 netto = = = 0.499 cm
a 0.495

L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= 0.499 + 1.485 = 1.984

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 207.439
tytd = = = 211.255 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 0.982

Jadi panjang las = L1 bruto = 1.984 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 1474.18 x 5.030
Q2 = = = 529.7 Kg
2b 14.000

Q2 529.65
F2 = = = 0.631 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F2 0.631
L2 netto = = = 1.274 cm
a 0.495

L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

= 1.274 + 1.485 = 2.759

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 529.653
tytd = = = 387.875 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2bruto 1.366

Jadi panjang las = L2bruto = 2.759 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Batang 7

P = 672.910 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 7
e1 = 1.49 cm t = 0.7 cm
b = 5 cm
e2 = 5 - 1.49 = 3.51 cm
t = 0,6x 1400 = 840 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 672.91 x 1.490
Q1 = = = 100.26 Kg
2b 10.000

Q1 100.264
F1 = = = 0.119 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F1 0.119
L1netto = = = 0.241 cm
a 0.495

L1bruto = L1netto + 3a
= 0.241 + 1.485 = 1.726

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 100.264
tytd = = = 117.357 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 0.854

Jadi panjang las = L1bruto = 1.726 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 672.91 x 3.510
Q2 = = = 236.19 Kg
2b 10.000

Q2 236.19
F2 = = = 0.281 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F2 0.281
L2 netto = = = 0.568 cm
a 0.495

L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 0.568 + 1.485 = 2.053

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 236.192
tytd = = = 232.434 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2 bruto 1.016

Jadi panjang las = L2 bruto = 2.053 cm

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

3. Titik Simpul D

P6 = 1922.822 Kg
P5 = -634.028 Kg
P9 = -634.028 Kg
P10 = 1922.822 Kg
7 P7 = 672.910 Kg
5 9

6 10

Batang 6 = 10

P = 1922.822 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 9
e1 = 1.56 cm t = 0.9 cm
b = 5 cm
e2 = 5 - 1.56 = 3.44 cm
t = 0,6x 1400 = 840 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 1922.8 x 1.560
Q1 = = = 599.9 Kg
b 5.000

Q1 599.92
F1 = = = 0.714 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.636 cm

F1 0.714
L1 netto = = = 1.122 cm
a 0.636

L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= 1.122 + 1.909 = 3.031

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 599.920
tytd = = = 310.974 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1bruto 1.929

Jadi panjang las = L1 bruto = 3.031 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.636 cm

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 1922.8 x 3.440
Q2 = = = 1322.9 Kg
b 5.000

Q2 1322.9
F2 = = = 1.575 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.636 cm

F2 1.575
L2 netto = = = 2.475 cm
a 0.636

L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 2.475 + 1.909 = 4.384

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 1322.902
tytd = = = 474.182 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2bruto 2.790

Jadi panjang las = L2bruto = 4.384 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.636 cm

Batang 5 = 9

P = -634.028 Kg
Profil 50 x 50 x 7
e1 = 1.49 cm t = 0.7 cm
b = 5 cm
e2 = 5 - 1.49 = 3.51 cm
t = 0,6x 1400 = 840 Kg/cm2

Las bagian atas

P x e1 634.03 x 1.490
Q1 = = = 94.5 Kg
2b 10.00

Q1 94.47
F1 = = = 0.112 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F1 0.112
L1netto = = = 0.227 cm
a 0.495

L1bruto = L1netto + 3a
= 0.227 + 1.485 = 1.712

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 94.470
tytd = = = 111.476 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1bruto 0.847

Jadi panjang las = L1bruto = 1.712 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

Las bagian bawah

P x e2 634.03 x 3.510
Q2 = = = 222.5 Kg
2b 10.000

Q2 222.5
F2 = = = 0.265 cm2
t 840

a = 0,7071t = 0.495 cm

F2 0.265
L2 netto = = = 0.535 cm
a 0.495

L2bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 0.535 + 1.485 = 2.020

Kontrol tegangan

Q1 222.544
tytd = = = 222.562 Kg/cm2 < 840 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2 bruto 1.000

Jadi panjang las = L2 bruto =2.020 cm

Lebar las = a = 0.495 cm

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

 STRUKTUR BAJA II

10. PERENCANAAN KOLOM

~ Beban aksial yang diterima :

Beban mati (A) = 1262.821 Kg
Beban tak terduga (B) = 250.000 Kg
Beban angin kiri (C) = 0.389 Kg
Beban angin kanan (D) = -68.871 Kg

~ Kombinasi pembebanan :
A+B = 1262.821 + 250 = 1512.821 Kg
A+C = 1262.821 + 0.389 = 1263.210 Kg
A+D = 1262.821 + -68.871 = 1193.950 Kg
A+B+C = 1262.821 + 250 + 0.389 = 1513.210 Kg

Diambil kombinasi pembebanan ekstrim (Ptk) = 1513.210 Kg

~ Beban momen = beban horisontal akibat angin x tinggi kolom

= 89.202 x 10
= 892.016 Kg.m

Dianggap kolom berupa jepit - sendi, K = 0.707

Panjang tekuk ( Ltk ) = Panjang kolom x K
= 1000 x 0.707
= 707.107 cm

~ Momen inersia ;

n . Ptk . Ltk2 3.5 x 1513.210 x 707.107###

I = =
p2 . E p2 x 2100000

= 127.767 cm4

Untuk satu profil = 1/2 ( 127.77 ) = 63.88343 cm4

Direncanakan profil baja Kanal 10

Ix = 206 cm4 Iy = 29.3 cm4

ix = 3.91 cm iy = 1.47 cm4
F = 13.5 cm2
a = 1 cm (plat simpul)
t = 8.5 cm
Wy = 8.49 cm3
Wx = 41.2 cm3
b = 50 mm
e = 15.5 mm

~ Kontrol tekuk
Untuk sumbu lewat bahan ( sumbu x - x )
Ltk 707.107
lx = = = 180.85 ~ 181
ix 3.91

Dari tabel x - a - sxx diperoleh ax = 0.129

sxx = ax x sd = 0.129 x 1600 = 206.4 Kg/cm2

P = ax x 2F x sd = 0.129 x 27 x 1600 = 5572.8 Kg

P 1513.210
st = = = 56.04482 < 206.4 oke !
2F 27

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 STRUKTUR BAJA II

Untuk sumbu bebas bahan ( sumbu y - y )

Iyfiktif = 2( Iy + FC2 ) C = e + 0,5a = 16 cm

= ### ( 29.3 + 13.5 x 256 )

= 6970.6 cm4

0,9xIyfiktif 6273.54
iyfiktif = = = 15.24314 cm
2F 27

Ltk 707.11
lx =
iyfiktif
= = 46.389 ~ 46.4
15.243

Dari tabel x - a - sxx diperoleh ayfiktif = 0.864

ax 0.129
a1 = = = 0.149
ayfiktif 0.864

Dari tabel x - a - sxx diperoleh ly1 = 168.5

Lmedan = ly1 x iy
= 168.5 x 3.91 = 658.84 cm

Ltk 707.11
Banyaknya medan = = = 1.0733 ~ 2
Lmedan 658.84

Jarak plat koppel dengan tepi batang ( Lki )

Ltk 707.11
Lki = = = 353.55 cm
medan 2

Kontrol untuk banyaknya medan

Lki 353.55
ly1 = = = 90.423 ~ 90.4
iy 3.91
Dari tabel x - a - sxx diperoleh ay1 = 0.501

ayfiktif x ay1 > ax

0.864 x 0.501 > 0.129
0.4329 > 0.129 oke !

stk = ayfiktif x ay1 x sd

= 0.864 x 0.501 x 1600
= 692.5824 Kg/cm2

P 1513.210
st = = = 56.04482 < 692.5824 oke !
2F 27

HERNAWATY / D 111 98 080

11. PERENCANAAN PONDASI

KOLOM

PLAT

Digunakan ukuran plat tebal (t) = 1 cm

panjang (h) = 40 cm
lebar (b) = 40 cm

Perhitungan tegangan :

P M dimana ; M = 89201.57 Kg.cm

s =
F
+
W F = b .h = 40 x 40 = 1600 cm2
W = 1/6 . bh2
= 10667 cm3
P = 1513.21 Kg

Sehingga :

1513.21 89201.57
s =
1600
+
10666.67

s = 0.945756 + 8.362648
x
smax = 9.308 Kg/cm2
smin = -7.417 Kg/cm2

menentukan besarnya x

x h-x
=
tmin tmax

x 40 - x x = 17.74 cm
=
7.417 9.308

Gaya yang dibutuhkan angker

Pangker = x .b . 1/2 tmin =
= 17.738 . 40 . 1/2 . 7.417 = 2631.237 Kg

Luas penampang yang dibutuhkan ;

Pangker 2631.237
F = = = 1.645 cm2
sangker 1600

Digunakan angker = f 12 mm = 1.13 cm2

Banyaknya angker = f
### 12 mm = 4.52 cm2

Kontrol terhadap beban horisontal

n.1/4.p.d2.(0,7.tangker) > H H = gaya horisontal

4.1/4.p. 1.2 ###. 0.7 . 1600 > 89.202

5066.761 > 89.202 ……………. ( aman )

Kontrol terhadap beban momen

4.1/4.p. 1.2### . 50 . 1600 > M

361911 > 892.0157 …………. ( aman )

 P

M
Beban momen = 892.0157 Kg.m
Beban aksial = 1513.21 Kg
Berat sendiri pondasi

III 0.3 gd
Bag. Volume (m3) Berat (kg)
0.1 I 0.04 2400 96
II I II 0.15 II 0.048000 2400 115.2
0.15 III 0.048000 2400 115.2
ukuran dlm meter 326.4

0.3 Total beban aksial :

P = 1513.21 + 326.4
= 1839.61 Kg
0.4
Tegangan yang terjadi :
0.3
P M
s =
F
+
W

0.3 0.4 0.3 1839.61 89201.57 F=luas dasar pondasi(b.h)

= +
ukuran dlm meter 100 166667 W=1/6 .bh2

= 18.93131 Kg/cm2
 Panjang Gaya
Nama
No. batang batang Keterangan
Batang
(m) (ton)
1 a1 3.5355 18.1055 Tekan
2 a2 3.5355 11.0344 Tekan
3 a3 3.5355 11.0344 Tekan
4 a4 3.5355 16.0336 Tekan
5 b1 2.5 12.8025 Tarik
6 b2 2.5 12.8025 Tarik
7 b3 2.5 11.3375 Tarik
8 b4 2.5 11.3375 Tarik
9 t1 2.5 0 -
10 t2 5.0 8.535 Tarik
11 t3 2.5 0 -
12 d1 3.5355 7.0711 Tekan
13 d2 3.5355 4.9992 Tekan