Scribd Logo
Unggah

Selamat datang di Scribd!

  • Teknik Reaksi Kimia - Reaktor

    Diunggah oleh

    Faishal Najmuddin Nabih
    5 tayangan15 halaman
    bagus

    Hak Cipta

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Format Tersedia

    PDF atau baca online dari Scribd

    Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

    Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

    Laporkan Dokumen Ini
    bagus

    Hak Cipta:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai PDF atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    5 tayangan15 halaman

    Teknik Reaksi Kimia - Reaktor

    Diunggah oleh

    Faishal Najmuddin Nabih
    bagus

    Hak Cipta:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai PDF atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    dari 15
    ee 5 Fluidization nn 5.1 FUNDAMENTALS When a fluid is passed upwards through a bed of particles the pressure loss in the fluid due to frictional resistance increases with increasing fluid flow. A point is reached when the upward drag force exerted by the fluid on the particles is equal to the apparent weight of particles in the bed. At this point the particles are lifted by the fluid, the separation of the particles increases, and the bed becomes fluidized. The force balance across the fluidized bed dictates that the fluid pressure loss across the bed of particles is equal to the apparent weight of the particles per unit area of the bed. Thus: weight of particles—upthrust on particles drop = = Pressure Grop bed cross-sectional area For a bed of particles of density pp, fluidized by a fluid of density js to form a bed of depth H and voidage e in a vessel of cross-sectional area A: _ HAG ~ (pp - peg A (5.1) Ap or, Ap = H(1- e(pp — peg, (5.2) ure loss across the bed versus superficial fluid velocity Id have the appearance of Figure 5.1. Referring to this fi the straight line region OA is the packed bed region. Here the solid gure, the straig relative to one another and their separation is constant. particles do not move us fluid velocity relationship in this region is described The pressure loss verst equation (Equation (4.9)) in the laminar flow regime by the See evation in general (Equation 4.11). (See Chapter 4 for a and the detailed analysis of packed bed flow). A plot of fluid press through the bed woul ae” i. FLUIDIZATION O_O c Bed pressure _—— drop, AP Fluid velocity, U ° Trt and fluidized beds locity for packed The region BC is the fluidized bed region where Equation 64) apple a point A it will be noticed that the pressure loss rises above the vi he he bee by Equation (5.1). This rise is more marked in powders whicl ane n compacted to some extent before the test and is associated with the extra force required to overcome interparticle attractive forces. The superficial fluid velocity at which the packed bed becomes a fluidized bed is known as the minimum fluidization velocity, Um#- This is also some- times referred to as the velocity at incipient fluidization (incipient meaning beginning). Um¢ increases with particle size and particle density and is affected by fluid properties. It is possible to derive an expression for Um by equating the expression for pressure loss in a fluidized bed (Equation (5.2) with the expression for pressure loss across a packed bed. Thus recalling the Ergun equation (Equation (4.11)): Figure 5.1 Pressure drop versus fluid vel (Ap) _ 59h =P HU 5 op (1-8) pe? A= BONS 15 6.3) substituting the expression for (—A p) from Equation (5.2): ~ Nop — pg = 150 EE RU - (1- Nop pg = 150 AE 4 75 = ) pe 64) re] Sv Xey Rearranging, (1 eN(op - pg = 150 =) (12 ) (Vases) a 2 (=<) 2 + 175058) | (U2? Pee, pee and so, FUNDAMENTALS eter = 150 a- TS Ret 1.75252 Rd, 6.6) or, Ar = 15 4=<) 1 B Rene + 1.75 Rel, 7 67) and Rem is the Reynolds number at incipient fluidization, Remi = (=) “ In order to obtain a value of Un; from Equation (5.7) we need to know the voidage of the bed at incipient fluidization, e = éqy. Taking eqs as the voidage of the packed bed, we can obtain a crude Ups. However, in practice voidage at the onset of fluidization may be considerably greater than the packed bed voidage. A typical often used value of ény is 0.4. Using this value, Equation (6.7) becomes Ar = 1406 Rem + 27.3Rer5 (5.8) Wen and Yu (1966) produced an empirical correlation for Um, with a form similar to Equation 5.8: Ar = 1060Rems + 159Reyf*” (6.9) The Wen and Yu correlation is often expressed in the form: Remp = 33.71(1 +3.59 x 10°Ar)* — 1] (6.10) i i in the range 0.01

    Anda mungkin juga menyukai