Komposisi

Komponen Kmol/jam
Mixture Vapor Liquid
N2 1.0 0.0016 0.0107 0.0005
C1 124.0 0.1930 0.7245 0.1311
C2 87.6 0.1363 0.1438 0.1354
C3 161.6 0.2515 0.0886 0.2705
n-C4 176.2 0.2742 0.0286 0.3028
n-C5 58.5 0.0910 0.0032 0.1012
n-C6 33.7 0.0524 0.0006 0.0584
Total 642.6 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
 Vapor Density (kmol/m3)
Z Factor
Fraction Vapor Liquid

0.1043 1.2777 11.244 0.18129

Komponen Kmol/jam Komposisi
Ethane 1.5 0.02941
Propane 10.0 0.19608
n-Butane 18.5 0.36275
n-Pentane 17.5 0.34314
n-Hexane 3.5 0.06863
Total 51.0 1.00000
 Komposisi
Komponen
(fraksi mol)
C1 0.0079
C2 0.1321
C3 0.0849
n-C4 0.2690
n-C5 0.0589
n-C6 0.1321
n-C7 0.3151
Total 1.0000
Tekanan 326 psia
Temp 100 degF
560.0 R

Komponen Komposisi k xi yi L V
Ethane 0.45 1.744 0.42 0.73 0.38 0.07
Propane 0.25 0.692 0.26 0.18 0.23 0.02
n-Butane 0.30 0.281 0.32 0.09 0.29 0.01
Total 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.90 0.10

Trial Initial Calc Error Status

V/L 0.11 0.11 -1.01E-07 OK
90% Liq from Feed 0.90 0.90 0.00 OK

Jawaban
Pada 90% n-Pentane dalam fasa uap = 90% maka
Tekanan 326.0 psia
% Liquid 90.11 of Liquid from Feed
7308.3
Komponen Kmol/jam
Propane 125 0.25
n-Butane 200 0.4
n-Pentane 175 0.35
Total 500 1
At cair jenuh
Tekanan 300 psia
Temp 65.843 degF
525.8 R

Komponen Komposisi k xi yi L V
Ethane 0.45 1.463 0.45 0.78 0.45 0.00
Propane 0.25 0.514 0.25 0.15 0.25 0.00
n-Butane 0.30 0.190 0.30 0.07 0.30 0.00
Total 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00

Trial Initial Calc Error Status

V/L 0.00 0.00 2.86E-07 Check

At uap jenuh
Tekanan 300 psia
Temp 129.1 degF
589.1 R

Komponen Komposisi k xi yi L V
Ethane 0.45 2.232 0.00 0.45 0.00 0.45
Propane 0.25 0.933 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.25
n-Butane 0.30 0.397 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.30
Total 1.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00

Trial Initial Calc Error Status

L/V 0.00 0.00 1.50E-17 Check
Sket bagian bawah kolom distilasi bisa dilihat di bawah. 150 kmol/jam aliran cair jenuh (L1) pada 758 kPa dengan
10 %, n-butana 40%, dan n-pentana 50% masuk ke reboiler dari stage 1. Bagaimana komposisi dan jumlah dari V
reboiler QR ?

Tekanan 758 kPa

L1 150 kmol/jam
B 50 kmol/jam
Vb 100
Vapor fraction 0.66667

Komposisi :

Temperatur 360.89 K

Heat added
L1 at saturated liquid
H(L1) 14341 kJ/kmol
H(B) 14586 kJ/kmol
H(Vb) 36035 kJ/kmol

L1 x H(L1) + Q(r) = B x H(B) + Vb x H(Vb)

Q(r) 2181650 kJ/jam
 r jenuh (L1) pada 758 kPa dengan komposisi : propana
mana komposisi dan jumlah dari VB dan B ? Berapa beban

1 at saturated liquid
Kompon Fraksi Mol
C2 0.03
C3 0.2
C4 0.37
C5 0.35
C6 0.05
Total 1.00
Temp 240 oF
Tekanan 118 psia

F
Komponen Komposisi k MW
(kmol)
n-Butane 0.25 25 2.02 58.120
n-Pentane 0.4 40 1.02 72.146
n-Hexane 0.35 35 0.53 86.172
Total 1.0 100

Trial Initial Calc Error

V/L 0.51 0.51 0.00
%80 C6 in Liquid 28.00 0.00 28.00
xi yi L V

0.186 0.38 0.12 0.13

0.397 0.41 0.26 0.14
0.417 0.22 0.28 0.07
1.00 1.00 0.66 0.34
Tekanan 1 atm
Temp 342.5 K
69.4 degC

Komponen Komposisi k MW xi yi L V
n-Pentane 0.45 2.788 58.120 0.18 0.51 0.03 0.42
n-Hexane 0.25 1.031 72.146 0.24 0.25 0.05 0.20
n-Heptane 0.30 0.414 86.172 0.57 0.24 0.11 0.19
Total 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.19 0.81

Trial Initial Calc Error Status

V/L 4.35 4.35 0.00 OK
%90 n-C5 in Gas 0.41 0.42 0.01 OK

Jawaban
Pada 90% n-Pentane dalam fasa uap = 40.5% maka
Temperatur 69.4 degC
%-heptane 41.57 %mol
Campuran equimolal dari etana, propana, n-butana dan n-pentana akan diflash pada 150 oF
dan 205 psia. Bagaimana jumlah uap, liquid dan masing-masing komposisinya ? Apakah
mungkin merecover 70% etana di fasa uap dalam satu tingkat flash pada kondisi yang lain
dengan tanpa kehilangan lebih dari 5% C4 di fasa uap?

Flash stage 1 :
Temp 150 degF
Tekanan 205 psia

Komponen Komposisi k xi yi L V
Ethane 0.25 3.568 0.12 0.41 0.06 0.19
Propane 0.25 1.536 0.20 0.31 0.11 0.14
n-Butane 0.25 0.595 0.31 0.18 0.17 0.08
n-Pentane 0.25 0.261 0.38 0.10 0.20 0.05
Total 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.54 0.46

Trial Initial Calc Error Status

V/L 0.84 0.84 0.00 OK
> 70% C2 in Gas 0.175 0.19 0.01 OK
< 5% C4 in Gas 0.013 0.08 -0.07 Check

Flash stage 2 :
Temp 120 degF
Tekanan 205 psia

Komponen Komposisi k xi yi L V
Ethane 0.41 2.985 0.20 0.60 0.09 0.32
Propane 0.31 1.179 0.33 0.29 0.15 0.15
n-Butane 0.18 0.427 0.29 0.09 0.13 0.05
n-Pentane 0.10 0.176 0.18 0.02 0.09 0.01
Total 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.47 0.53

Trial Unit Initial Calc Error Status

V/L 1.13 1.13 0.00 OK
> 70% C2 in Gas mol 0.175 0.317 0.14 OK
< 5% C4 in Gas mol 0.013 0.048 -0.04 Check

Flash stage 3 :
Temp 57 degF
Tekanan 205 psia

Komponen Komposisi k xi yi L V
Ethane 0.60 1.849 0.40 0.79 0.19 0.40
Propane 0.29 0.592 0.40 0.19 0.19 0.10
n-Butane 0.09 0.188 0.16 0.02 0.08 0.01
n-Pentane 0.02 0.068 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.00
Total 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.49 0.51

Trial Unit Initial Calc Error Status

V/L 1.06 1.06 0.00 OK
> 70% C2 in Gas mol 0.175 0.404 0.23 OK
< 5% C4 in Gas mol 0.013 0.012 0.00 OK
Aliran umpan memasuki stage F dari suatu kolom distilasi seperti terlihat pada gambar di
bawah ini. Berapa temperatur stage F dan komposisi dan jumlah dari masing-masing aliran
VF dan LF jika tekanan adalah 758 kPa di semua aliran

Total Flow
Composition, Mole %
Stream rate
Kmol/hr C3 nC4 nC5
LF-1 100 15 45 40
VF+1 196 30 50 20

Tekanan 758 kPa

Feed (kmol/hr) LF-1 (kmol/hr) VF+1 (kmol/hr) Mixture

Komponen
zi F.zi zi LF-1.zi zi VF+1.zi Rate
C3 0.2 32 0.15 15 0.3 58.8 105.8
nC4 0.4 64 0.45 45 0.5 98 207
nC5 0.4 64 0.4 40 0.2 39.2 143.2
Total 160 100 196 456
Mixture
zi
0.232
0.454
0.314
1.000
 T Pressure Liq. Enthalpy Vap. Enthalpy
degC K Mpa kJ/kg x 1000 kJ/kg x 1000
6.85 280 0.00099182 28.796 0.028796 2513.4 2.5134
11.85 285 0.001389 49.78 0.04978 2522.6 2.5226
16.85 290 0.00192 70.729 0.070729 2531.7 2.5317
21.85 295 0.0026212 91.654 0.091654 2540.8 2.5408
26.85 300 0.0035368 112.56 0.11256 2549.9 2.5499
31.85 305 0.0047193 133.47 0.13347 2558.9 2.5589
36.85 310 0.0062311 154.37 0.15437 2567.9 2.5679
41.85 315 0.0081451 175.27 0.17527 2576.8 2.5768
46.85 320 0.010546 196.17 0.19617 2585.7 2.5857
51.85 325 0.013531 217.08 0.21708 2594.6 2.5946
56.85 330 0.017213 238 0.238 2603.3 2.6033
61.85 335 0.021718 258.93 0.25893 2612.1 2.6121
66.85 340 0.027188 279.87 0.27987 2620.7 2.6207
71.85 345 0.033783 300.82 0.30082 2629.3 2.6293
76.85 350 0.041682 321.79 0.32179 2637.7 2.6377
81.85 355 0.05108 342.78 0.34278 2646.1 2.6461
86.85 360 0.062194 363.79 0.36379 2654.4 2.6544
91.85 365 0.07526 384.82 0.38482 2662.5 2.6625
96.85 370 0.090535 405.88 0.40588 2670.6 2.6706
101.85 375 0.1083 426.97 0.42697 2678.5 2.6785
106.85 380 0.12885 448.09 0.44809 2686.2 2.6862
111.85 385 0.15252 469.25 0.46925 2693.9 2.6939
116.85 390 0.17964 490.44 0.49044 2701.3 2.7013
121.85 395 0.2106 511.67 0.51167 2708.6 2.7086
126.85 400 0.24577 532.95 0.53295 2715.7 2.7157
131.85 405 0.28558 554.28 0.55428 2722.6 2.7226
136.85 410 0.33045 575.66 0.57566 2729.3 2.7293
141.85 415 0.38087 597.1 0.5971 2735.8 2.7358
146.85 420 0.4373 618.6 0.6186 2742.1 2.7421
151.85 425 0.50025 640.17 0.64017 2748.1 2.7481
156.85 430 0.57026 661.8 0.6618 2753.9 2.7539
161.85 435 0.64787 683.52 0.68352 2759.5 2.7595
166.85 440 0.73367 705.31 0.70531 2764.7 2.7647
171.85 445 0.82824 727.19 0.72719 2769.7 2.7697
176.85 450 0.9322 749.16 0.74916 2774.4 2.7744
181.85 455 1.0462 771.23 0.77123 2778.8 2.7788
186.85 460 1.1709 793.41 0.79341 2782.9 2.7829
191.85 465 1.3069 815.69 0.81569 2786.6 2.7866
196.85 470 1.4551 838.09 0.83809 2790 2.79
201.85 475 1.616 860.62 0.86062 2793.1 2.7931
206.85 480 1.7905 883.28 0.88328 2795.8 2.7958
211.85 485 1.9792 906.09 0.90609 2798.1 2.7981
216.85 490 2.1831 929.04 0.92904 2800 2.8
221.85 495 2.4028 952.15 0.95215 2801.4 2.8014
226.85 500 2.6392 975.43 0.97543 2802.5 2.8025
231.85 505 2.8931 998.89 0.99889 2803.1 2.8031
236.85 510 3.1655 1022.5 1.0225 2803.2 2.8032
241.85 515 3.4571 1046.4 1.0464 2802.7 2.8027
246.85 520 3.769 1070.5 1.0705 2801.8 2.8018
251.85 525 4.1019 1094.8 1.0948 2800.3 2.8003
256.85 530 4.4569 1119.3 1.1193 2798.2 2.7982
261.85 535 4.8349 1144.2 1.1442 2795.5 2.7955
266.85 540 5.2369 1169.3 1.1693 2792.2 2.7922
271.85 545 5.664 1194.7 1.1947 2788.1 2.7881
276.85 550 6.1172 1220.5 1.2205 2783.3 2.7833
281.85 555 6.5976 1246.6 1.2466 2777.7 2.7777
286.85 560 7.1062 1273.1 1.2731 2771.2 2.7712
291.85 565 7.6444 1300.1 1.3001 2763.9 2.7639
296.85 570 8.2132 1327.5 1.3275 2755.5 2.7555
301.85 575 8.814 1355.4 1.3554 2746 2.746
306.85 580 9.448 1383.9 1.3839 2735.3 2.7353
311.85 585 10.117 1413.1 1.4131 2723.3 2.7233
316.85 590 10.821 1443 1.443 2709.9 2.7099
321.85 595 11.563 1473.7 1.4737 2694.8 2.6948
326.85 600 12.345 1505.4 1.5054 2677.8 2.6778
331.85 605 13.167 1538.1 1.5381 2658.7 2.6587
336.85 610 14.033 1572.2 1.5722 2637 2.637
341.85 615 14.943 1608 1.608 2612.3 2.6123
346.85 620 15.901 1645.7 1.6457 2583.9 2.5839
351.85 625 16.908 1686.3 1.6863 2550.7 2.5507
356.85 630 17.969 1730.7 1.7307 2511.1 2.5111
366.85 640 20.265 1841.8 1.8418 2395.5 2.3955
371.85 645 21.515 1931.1 1.9311 2281 2.281
372.85 646 21.775 1963.5 1.9635 2238.1 2.2381
373.85 647 22.038 2029.4 2.0294 2148.6 2.1486
373.86 647.01 22.041 2031.3 2.0313 2146.1 2.1461
373.87 647.02 22.044 2033.3 2.0333 2143.4 2.1434
373.88 647.03 22.046 2035.6 2.0356 2140.5 2.1405
373.89 647.04 22.049 2038.1 2.0381 2137.2 2.1372
373.89 647.04 22.049 2038.1 2.0381 2137.2 2.1372
373.9 647.05 22.052 2041 2.041 2133.5 2.1335
373.91 647.06 22.054 2044.5 2.0445 2129.1 2.1291
373.92 647.07 22.057 2048.9 2.0489 2123.8 2.1238
373.93 647.08 22.06 2054.8 2.0548 2116.6 2.1166
373.94 647.09 22.062 2064.9 2.0649 2105.1 2.1051
373.95 647.1 22.064 2075.7 2.0757 2093.1 2.0931
373.95 647.1 22.064 2081.4 2.0814 2087.1 2.0871
373.95 647.1 22.064 2083.4 2.0834 2085.2 2.0852
Liq. Entropy Vap. Entropy Proses T P H
kJ/kg-K kJ/kg-K 1 81.317 354.467 0.05 340.54
0.10412 8.9779 2 81.483 354.633 3 343.58
0.1784 8.8549 2' 233.85 507 3 1008.3
0.25126 8.7374 3' 233.85 507 3 2803.2
0.3228 8.625 3 400 673.15 3 3231.7
0.39309 8.5174 4 81.317 354.467 0.05 2407.9
0.46219 8.4144 81.317 354.467 0.05 340.54
0.53015 8.3156
0.59702 8.221
0.66285 8.1302 Thermal Efficiency of the cycle
0.72768 8.043 Flow rate = 25 kg/s
0.79154 7.9592 Heat added to system
0.85447 7.8787 QH =
0.9165 7.8013 =
0.97766 7.7267 =
1.038 7.6549
1.0975 7.5857 Heat Release from system
1.1562 7.519 QL =
1.2142 7.4545 =
1.2715 7.3923 =
1.3281 7.3321
1.3839 7.2738 Thermal efficiency
1.4392 7.2174 hth = 1 - (QL / QH)
1.4938 7.1627 = 1- #DIV/0!
1.5478 7.1097 = #DIV/0!
1.6013 7.0581
1.6541 7.0081 Net power output
1.7065 6.9593 Wnet,out = hth x QH
1.7583 6.9119 = #DIV/0! kJ/s
1.8097 6.8656 = #DIV/0! kW
1.8606 6.8205 = #DIV/0! MW
1.911 6.7764
1.961 6.7333
2.0106 6.6911
2.0598 6.6498
2.1087 6.6092
2.1571 6.5694
2.2053 6.5303
2.2532 6.4917
2.3007 6.4538
2.348 6.4164
2.395 6.3794
2.4418 6.3428
2.4884 6.3066
2.5348 6.2708
2.581 6.2351
2.6271 6.1997
2.6731 6.1645
2.7189 6.1293
2.7647 6.0942
2.8104 6.0591
2.8561 6.0239
2.9019 5.9885
2.9476 5.953
2.9935 5.9171
3.0394 5.8809
3.0855 5.8443
3.1319 5.8071
3.1785 5.7693
3.2254 5.7307
3.2727 5.6912
3.3205 5.6506
3.369 5.6087
3.4181 5.5654
3.468 5.5203
3.519 5.4731
3.5713 5.4234
3.6252 5.3707
3.6811 5.3142
3.7396 5.2528
3.8019 5.1851
3.8698 5.1084
4.0375 4.9027
4.1722 4.7147
4.2214 4.6465
4.3224 4.5065
4.3252 4.5026
4.3284 4.4985
4.3318 4.4939
4.3357 4.4889
4.3357 4.4889
4.3402 4.4831
4.3456 4.4763
4.3523 4.468
4.3615 4.457
4.3771 4.4392
4.3938 4.4206
4.4026 4.4113
4.4056 4.4084
S Q
1.0912 0
1.0912 Subcooled
2.6455 0
6.1856 1
6.9234 Superheated
6.9234 0.89701
1.0912 0

700

650

600

550

500

450

400

350

300

250
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
 T Pressure Liq. Enthalpy Vap. Enthalpy
degC K Mpa kJ/kg x 1000 kJ/kg x 1000
-100 173.15 0.0005594 75.362 0.075362 336.85 0.33685
-95 178.15 0.00093899 81.288 0.081288 339.78 0.33978
-90 183.15 0.0015241 87.226 0.087226 342.76 0.34276
-85 188.15 0.002399 93.182 0.093182 345.77 0.34577
-80 193.15 0.0036719 99.161 0.099161 348.83 0.34883
-75 198.15 0.0054777 105.17 0.10517 351.91 0.35191
-70 203.15 0.0079814 111.2 0.1112 355.02 0.35502
-65 208.15 0.01138 117.26 0.11726 358.16 0.35816
-60 213.15 0.015906 123.36 0.12336 361.31 0.36131
-55 218.15 0.021828 129.5 0.1295 364.48 0.36448
-50 223.15 0.029451 135.67 0.13567 367.65 0.36765
-45 228.15 0.039117 141.89 0.14189 370.83 0.37083
-40 233.15 0.051209 148.14 0.14814 374 0.374
-35 238.15 0.066144 154.44 0.15444 377.17 0.37717
-30 243.15 0.084378 160.79 0.16079 380.32 0.38032
-25 248.15 0.1064 167.19 0.16719 383.45 0.38345
-20 253.15 0.13273 173.64 0.17364 386.55 0.38655
-15 258.15 0.16394 180.14 0.18014 389.63 0.38963
-10 263.15 0.2006 186.7 0.1867 392.66 0.39266
-5 268.15 0.24334 193.32 0.19332 395.66 0.39566
0 273.15 0.2928 200 0.2 398.6 0.3986
5 278.15 0.34966 206.75 0.20675 401.49 0.40149
10 283.15 0.41461 213.58 0.21358 404.32 0.40432
15 288.15 0.48837 220.48 0.22048 407.07 0.40707
20 293.15 0.57171 227.47 0.22747 409.75 0.40975
25 298.15 0.66538 234.55 0.23455 412.33 0.41233
30 303.15 0.7702 241.72 0.24172 414.82 0.41482
35 308.15 0.88698 249.01 0.24901 417.19 0.41719
40 313.15 1.0166 256.41 0.25641 419.43 0.41943
45 318.15 1.1599 263.94 0.26394 421.52 0.42152
50 323.15 1.3179 271.62 0.27162 423.44 0.42344
55 328.15 1.4915 279.47 0.27947 425.15 0.42515
60 333.15 1.6818 287.5 0.2875 426.63 0.42663
65 338.15 1.8898 295.76 0.29576 427.82 0.42782
70 343.15 2.1168 304.28 0.30428 428.65 0.42865
75 348.15 2.3641 313.13 0.31313 429.03 0.42903
80 353.15 2.6332 322.39 0.32239 428.81 0.42881
85 358.15 2.9258 332.22 0.33222 427.76 0.42776
90 363.15 3.2442 342.93 0.34293 425.42 0.42542
95 368.15 3.5912 355.25 0.35525 420.67 0.42067
100 373.15 3.9724 373.3 0.3733 407.68 0.40768
100.85 374 4.0416 380.86 0.38086 399.51 0.39951
100.95 374.1 4.0499 382.85 0.38285 397.18 0.39718
101.05 374.2 4.0583 387.14 0.38714 392.26 0.39226
101.06 374.21 4.0591 389.64 0.38964 389.64 0.38964
 240 -33.15 299.86 1.7156 413.2
4' 250.8 1.12 228.7 0.23
Liq. Entropy Vap. Entropy T S H
Process
kJ/kg-K kJ/kg-K C K kJ/kg-K kJ/kg x 1000
0.4354 1.9456 1 -22.3 250.8 1.74 385.1 0.39
0.46913 1.9201 2 31.9 305.0 1.73 418.5 0.42
0.50201 1.8972 2' 26.7 299.9 1.72 413.2 1.00
0.53409 1.8766 3 26.7 299.9 1.13 237.0 0.24
0.56544 1.858 4 -22.3 250.8 1.14 234.5 0.23
0.59613 1.8414 1 -22.3 250.8 1.74 385.1 0.39
0.62619 1.8264
0.65568 1.813
0.68462 1.801 Thermal Efficiency of the cycle
400.0
0.71305 1.7902 Flow rate = 0.05 kg/s
0.74101 1.7806 Rate of heat removal from refrigerated system
0.76852 1.772 QH = m x (HVap + HLiq)
350.0
0.79561 1.7643 = 0.05 x ( 236.99 - 413.2 )
0.8223 1.7575 = -8.8 kJ/s
0.84863 1.7515 300.0
0.8746 1.7461 Heat Release from system
0.90025 1.7413 QL = m x (Hvap_1 + HVap_2)
250.0
0.92559 1.7371 = 0.05 ( 1.7331 - 1.7435 )
0.95065 1.7334 = 1.67 kJ/s
0.97544 1.73 200.0
1 1.7271 Thermal efficiency
1.0243 1.7245 hth = 1 - (QL / QH)
150.0
1.0485 1.7221 = 1- 0.189 0.20 0.40 0.60
1.0724 1.72 = 81.06%
1.0962 1.718
1.1199 1.7162 Net power output
1.1435 1.7145 Wnet,out = hth x QH
1.167 1.7128 = -7 kJ/s
1.1905 1.7111 = -7 kW
1.2139 1.7092 = 0.0 MW
1.2375 1.7072
1.2611 1.705
1.2848 1.7024
1.3088 1.6993
1.3332 1.6956
1.358 1.6909
1.3836 1.685
1.4104 1.6771
1.439 1.6662
1.4715 1.6492
1.5188 1.6109
1.5387 1.5886
1.544 1.5823
1.5554 1.5691
1.5621 1.5621
 0.7
0.12 0.27083
P Vapor Remarks
Mpa Fraction
0.12 1 Vaporization
0.7 Superheated Isentropy
0.7 1
Condensation
0.7 0
0.12 0.2977 Expansion
0.12 1 Vaporization

400.0

350.0

300.0

250.0

200.0

150.0
0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80 2.00 2.20