AINUN PUSPITASARI

D051171008

Mencari Jurnal tentang MAN AND SOCIETY di permukiman pesisir .

REVIEW JURNAL

Judul : Eret traditional ceremony as representation of spirit of mutual

cooporation among coastal communities
Jurnal : Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience

Volume dan Halaman : Volume 23, Number 10

Penulis : Setyawan, Bagus Wahyu1; Saddhono, Kundharu2
Sumber : Advanced Science Letters
Penerbit : American Scientific Publishers
Tahun : 2017
DOI : https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.10363
Reviewer : Ainun Puspitasari
Tanggal : 05 April 2020
Tujuan Penelitian : Tujuan dari penulisan jurnal ini adalah untuk mengungkap upacara
tradisional Eret yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat pesisir di Kabupaten
Pacitan. Upacara Eret adalah salah satu prosesi upacara yang dilakukan
selama penangkapan ikan oleh masyarakat pesisir utama di laut.
Prosesi Eret biasanya dilakukan baik orang-orang desa dan di luar
desa, berkumpul di pantai dan dipimpin oleh seorang tetua adat.
Upacara Eret keduanya melestarikan dan mewakili semangat gotong
royong dan kebersamaan nelayan pesisir.

Subjek Penelitian : Subjek Penelitian ini adalah masyarakat pesisir yang rutin
melaksanakan upacara tradisional erek.

Objek Penelitian : Proses upacara Eret di Pantai Dangkal telah dipilih sebagai objek

penelitian

Metode Penelitian : Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah metode deskriptif

kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan etnografi. Studi etnografi

 berdasarkan pada pandangan fenomenologis yang mempromosikan

apresiasi suatu peristiwa. Selain itu, fenomenologi mencoba

menggambarkan suatu peristiwa dengan cara yang mungkin detail.

Isebelumnya ini dilakukan dilakukan oleh Saddhono (2014a; 2014b)

dalam penelitiannya tentang fenomena budaya dan tradisi di Jawa.

Studi etnografi menurut Sukmadinata memiliki fungsi khusus untuk

menggambarkan dan menginterpretasikan budaya, kelompok sosial

atau sistem. Meskipun makna budaya sangat besar, tetapi studi

etnografi biasanya berfokus pada aktivitas, bahasa, kepercayaan, ritual,

dan cara hidup, (Mardoyo, 2008).

Lokasi penelitian : Tempat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah di Pantai

Dangkal, di Worowari, Kabupaten Kebonagung, Pacitan, Jawa Timur.

Pantai Dangkal adalah salah satu pantai di wilayah pesisir Pacitan yang

terdiri dari komunitas Nelayan.

Hasil Penelitian : Tradisi Eret di Pacitan adalah tradisi masyarakat nelayan di daerah

pesisir dalam rangka membentuk tindakan syukur kepada alam.

Filosofi yang muncul dalam tradisi eret adalah "Eretan Ngupaya

Mina", yang merujuk pada kalimat Jawa berarti bergandengan tangan

untuk menemukan ikan. Nilai-nilai ini yang mungkin sulit ditemukan

dalam situasi saat ini di mana keegoisan dan pragmatis lebih penting.

Kerja sama dan semangat tim jelas terlihat dalam upacara Eret, mulai

dari persiapan hingga akhir upacara. Puncak acara Eret adalah tarikan

jaring (ngeret) yang dilakukan bersama oleh warga dan ditutup dengan

pembagian ikan, serta sesaji kepada semua peserta. Ini jelas

menunjukkan rasa kebersamaan di antara orang Jawa yang identik

bekerja sama.

Selain itu, upacara Eret adalah salah satu tindakan syukur dari

para nelayan di Pantai Dangkal. Mereka percaya bahwa hasil

tangkapan itu diperoleh semata-mata untuk rahmat Tuhan. Oleh karena

itu, mereka sadar bahwa melestarikan dan merawat alam adalah hal

penting yang harus dilakukan untuk menjaga kelangsungan kehidupan

di masa depan. Ini menganggap maraknya eksploitasi alam di berbagai

tempat.
 ERET CEREMONY AS REPRESENTATION OF MUTUAL
COOPERATION SPIRIT AMONG COASTAL SOCIETY
Bagus Wahyu Setyawan1*, Kundharu Saddhono2*
12
Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Daerah, Pascasarjana Sebelas Maret University
Email: *bagusws93@gmail.com, *kundharu.uns@gmail.com

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to unravel traditional ceremony of Eret conducted by coastal
society in the district of Pacitan. Eret ceremony is one of the ceremonial processions
conducted during fishing by the main coastal society in the sea. Procession of Eret usually
done both people of the village and outside the village, gather on the shore and led by an
indigenous elder. Eret Ceremony both preserves and represents the spirit of mutual
cooperation and togetherness of coastal fishermen. This can be seen from pulling net process
or in the Java language called "ngeret" conducted jointly. Another apparent thing from Eret
ceremony is the preservation of local wisdom culture in coastal area, which strongly conducts
Javanese culture during procession. In the end of process, there is allotment of food to local
residents and fish to Eret participants.
Keyword : Eret Ceremony; Mutual Cooperation; Coastal Society.

Introduction
The traditional ceremony in Javanese society has a lot of functionality, such as a

request, an expression of gratitude, to pay homage to ancestors, celebrating an important

event, and initiating local community activities. The traditional ceremony is still exist and

done not only by individual member, but also collectively in the community (Triwardani &

Rochayanti, 2014: 107). However, there is also a traditional ceremony that can be publicly

followed, not only by people of the village, but also from outside of the region, such as

grebeg sekaten ceremony, grebeg maulud, larung sesaji, and many others (Saddhono 2008 ;

2013). Similarly, Eret ceremony in Pacitan is also public traditional ceremony.

Eret tradition is a tradition conducted by the fishermen before they conducting fishing

in the village Worawari, District Kebonagung, Pacitan. The activity of fishing to coastal

society is the main source of livelihood. The pattern of the people in the village of Worawari

is still fairly traditional as they still preserve the traditions of the ancestors as fishermen.
 Fisheries sector in Indonesia is a major commodity and accounts for a lot of revenue

both to the community (in this case fishermen who depend on source of sea) and to the state.

Economic situations depend mostly on the resources provided by the sea. To earn Reviews

their living, the people in the coastal areas attempt to befriend the nature. A number of ways

and knowledge are inherited by Reviews their ancestors, so that they may survive in their

dependability on marine resources. (Ma'mun, 2011: 200). Pacitan, which is directly in border

to Indian Ocean, also has very big sea resource potential and need to be protected from acts

of exploitation on a large scale.

The tradition of fishing among the people of Pacitan is still using simple methods and

tools. It is obviously seen from the tools used by utilizing simple nets and wooden boats.

Pacitan people (which incidentally are part of the Javanese) is still very strong with the

customs and culture of Java that has been passed down from the ancestors. Primarily related

to ceremony before and after conducting activity. A traditional ceremony before starting an

activity. The ceremony widely called as the eret. Coastal community believe that every

fishing activity has to be followed by praying for smooth activity. In addition, the traditional

ceremony is used to means of socializing between the various groups; especially residents of

Worowari as host of eret ceremony.

Research Methods

The method used in this article was qualitative descriptive method using an

ethnographic approach. Ethnographic study based on phenomenological view that promotes

appreciation of an event. Furthermore, the phenomenology tries to depict an event in possible

detail way. This previously done by Saddhono (2014a; 2014b) in his research on the

phenomenon of culture and tradition in Java. Ethnographic study according to Sukmadinata

has particular function to describe and interpret the cultural, social group or system. Although
the meaning of culture is very large, but ethnographic studies usually focused on activity,

language, beliefs, rituals, and ways of living, (Mardoyo, 2008).

Place used in this study was in Pantai Dangkal, in Worowari, District Kebonagung,

Pacitan, East Java. Pantai Dangkal is one of the beaches in Pacitan coastal areas consists

Fishermen community. Fishermen are part Pacitan people who live by managing the potential

of fishery resources. Fishermen community have different social characteristics from the

people who live in the mainland (Permana, 2016: 4). The process of Eret ceremony in Pantai

Dangkal had been chosen as the object of the study.

Eret term refers to activities of pulling net (in so-called "eret" or "ngeret") which is

the main tool in the Eret ceremony. Before releasing net into the sea by two ships, a prayer

was performed by one of the indigenous elder in the village Worawari. The prayer was

manifested into earth alms in the form of a full set of seasoned chicken, cooked rice and side

dishes. The alms was arranged and laid on sand. The alms then would be prayed by

indigenous elder. Hundreds of people over the coast came to pray. Then after it was over, 10

men began their task. With simultaneous steps, they moved towards the village head. Then,

one by one shaken hand of village head and Kyai along with gamelan and dance

performance. Dance and art forms may occasionally use to accompany a traditional ceremony

in some areas. They put art as media to convey expectations to maintain or preserve culture,

in addition to eliminate mind weary (Read: Triwardani & Rochayanti, 2014).

Ten of youth people then moved to the boat and prepared to spread the nets around

the bay. Pantai Dangkal as place of eret ceremony is considered due to the view of bay (land

jutting into the ocean). After completion of spreading nets around the bay, the boat then

returned to the beach. People who participated were ready to pull at the end of net cord. Until

then the residents and their indigenous leaders pulled nets together while collecting fishes

caught in the nets. After all the fishes were collected, the fish distributed to all participants
who took part to pull the net (ngeret). Both the owner of boat and the net got the bigger share,

though all boat pushers and net pullers would get share too. Eret then closed with feast of

seasoned chicken

Values and spirit of the Mutual Cooperation in Eret Ceremony

The traditional ceremony conducted by a group of people in a village certainly

contains elements of togetherness in it. It can be seen from the cooperation between actors in

traditional ceremonies which tightly hold mutual cooperation. Hand in hand to prepare

anithings (ubarampe) of Eret ceremony (preparation of place, materials used by sesaji, tools

for fishing etc.) up to the peak of Eret ceremonial procession will take place. Mutual

cooperation among Javanese is already ingrained and done spontaneously, helping during

condolence (layat) and conducting particular projects for mutual interest (gugur gunung)

(Read: Koentjoroningrat, 1984). Furthermore, the spirit of mutual cooperation actualized in

every activity relating to the public interest.

Eret procession involving many people in which cannot be conducted without mutual

cooperation from society. Each person involves in the eret ceremony has duty and role. The

allotment of tasks intended to facilitate coordination when conducting Eret ceremony. Not

only that, it have aim to easily the ceremony. Eret ceremony begins with the recitation of the

offerings (cooked rice and seasoned chicken) by indigenous elder followed by dance and

gamelan performances. If cooperation and coordination are poor, then Eret will be not going

smoothly. Preparation of the sesaji requires the cooperation of all elder women of Worawari

who prepared starting from materials purchasing, processing, presenting offerings during

prayer. Dance and gamelan will be performed particularly by young people and artists.

The withdrawal of nets and the fish of the sea, as the peak of Eret ceremony, also

shows a form of mutual cooperation between many people. All the participants in Pantai

Dangkal alternately pull the nets and fish from the sea. Young or old, high or low status all
merged into one and hand-in-hand together. At the end of the Eret Ceremony, the allotment

of offerings to all participants will mark the characteristics of Javanese as compassion and

cooperative individual.

In addition, the ceremony Eret also as a form of gratitude to nature, in this context

ocean as fish producer. The village society believes that the catches they get cannot be

separated from the gifts of nature. The bond between humans and nature, which often in turn

respect the nature and its contents in the form of ceremonial traditions as a form of cultured

human expression (Indrawardana, 2012: 6). It also shows the belief and awareness to nature

in a form of human behavior and character to not exploit the nature.

Conclusion

Eret tradition in Pacitan is a tradition of fishermen communities in coastal areas in

order to form an act of gratitude to nature. The philosophy that emerged in the tradition of

eret is "Eretan Ngupaya Mina", which refer to Javanese sentence means hand in hand to find

fish. This values that may be hard to find in this current situation where selfishness and

pragmatic are more important. Cooperation and team spirit obviously showed in Eret

ceremony, starting from the preparation until the end of ceremony. The peak of Eret

ceremony is pulling net (ngeret) conducted jointly by the residents and closed with the

distribution of fish, as well as offerings to all participant. It evidently shows the sense of

togetherness among Javanese whom is identically cooperative.

Moreover, Eret ceremony is one act of gratitude of the fishermen in Pantai Dangkal.

They believe that the catches are obtained solely for the grace of God. Therefore, they are

aware that preserve and caring nature are important things to do in order to maintain the

continuity of life in the future. This considers the rampant of exploitation of nature in various

places.

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