Kode: 501 Program: TPS  TP 2019/2020

TRY OUT TES POTENSI SKOLASTIK XII SMA

SET-1 (KODE: 501)
KETERANGAN: PENGETAHUAN DAN PEMAHAMAN UMUM Nomor 41 sampai dengan nomor 60
DURASI 25 MENIT

Petunjuk A dipergunakan untuk menjawab soal nomor 41 sampai dengan nomor 60.

PENGETAHUAN DAN PEMAHAMAN UMUM

Teks berikut digunakan untuk menjawab soal nomor 41 s.d. 44.
(1) Langkah inovatif diperlukan dalam mengenalkan dan membiasakan masyarakat mengonsumsi
sagu. (2) Penyesuaian produk olahan dengan gaya hidup kekinian membuat sagu lebih bisa diterima
masyarakat apabila bisa membantu mewujudkan ketahanan pangan nasional. (3) Peneliti dari Balai Besar
Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pascapanen Pertanian Kemtan, Endang Yuli Purwati, mengatakan bahwa
tidak mudah membiasakan warga untuk mengonsumsi sagu. (4) Masyarakat sudah telanjur terbiasa
dengan bahan makanan lain, seperti beras dan gandum—tepung terigu untuk mi.
(5) Selama ini, sagu kebanyakan diolah menjadi makanan tradisional, tetapi kerap disalahartikan
sebagai keterbelakangan. (6) Banyak orang yang pada awalnya mengonsumsi sagu beralih ke bahan
pangan lain. (7) Pola pikir seperti itu hanya bisa diubah dengan inovasi dan edukasi. (8) Upaya inovatif
yang dapat dilakukan adalah mengolah pati sagu menjadi beragam produk olahan, antara lain mi, kukis,
lontong, keripik, dan kerupuk. (9) Selain itu, pati sagu juga dapat diolah menjadi bahan penolong bagi
adonan bakso, roti, dan wafel. (10) Sementara itu, edukasi kepada masyarakat perlu dilakukan untuk
mengenalkan karakteristik produk olahan sagu, misalnya masyarakat diberi pemahaman bahwa mi sagu
berbeda tekstur dan pengolahan dibandingkan dengan mi terigu.

41. Masalah utama teks tersebut adalah 44. Simpulan yang tepat atas isi teks tersebut
(A) produk olahan sagu menjadi gaya adalah
hidup kekinian. (A) Inovasi dan edukasi diperlukan untuk
(B) inovasi sebagai kunci pembiasaan mengenalkan dan membiasakan
konsumsi sagu. masyarakat mengonsumsi sagu.
(C) sagu makanan tradisional yang diolah (B) Makanan dari sagu yang dulu dikenal
profesional. sebagai makanan tradisional, kini
(D) mengolah pati sagu menjadi aneka bermetamorfosis menjadi makanan
produk olahan. modern.
(E) perbedaan tekstur mi sagu dengan mi (C) Manfaat sagu sebagai produk makanan
terigu. inovatif belum banyak diterima
masyarakat karena pola pikir lama.
42. Kata disalahartikan pada kalimat (5) teks (D) Memberikan pemahaman kepada
tersebut berantonim dengan kata masyarakat diperlukan untuk menerima
(A) kebingungan. (D) dipahami. sagu sebagai bahan penolong.
(B) ketidaktahuan. (E) perselisihan. (E) Tidak mudah membiasakan warga
(C) keberterimaan. untuk menerima produk sagu sebagai
makanan sehat dan bergizi.
43. Kata hubung apabila pada kalimat (2)
seharusnya diganti dengan
(A) karena. (D) sedangkan.
(B) bahwa. (E) meskipun.
(C) sehingga.

Halaman 1 dari 5 halaman

Program: TPS  TP 2019/2020 Kode: 501

Teks berikut digunakan untuk menjawab soal nomor 45 s.d. 48.

(1) Perubahan iklim yang kini terjadi merupakan akibat dari pemanasan global, yaitu meningkatnya
suhu rata-rata permukaan bumi. (2) Permukaan bumi menyelubungi lapisan udara yang terdiri atas
beberapa gas yang berfungsi seperti rumah kaca sehingga dikenal sebagai gas rumah kaca. (3) Selama
jutaan tahun gas rumah kaca melindungi bumi dan mempertahankan suhu bumi sehingga bumi menjadi
hangat dan nyaman bagi tumbuhan, hewan, dan manusia. (4) Akan tetapi, aktivitas manusia beberapa
tahun terakhir membuat komposisi gas rumah kaca di atmosfer berubah.
(5) Meningkatnya gas rumah kaca di atmosfer merupakan penyebab utama pemanasan global. (6)
Dari sejumlah gas rumah kaca di atmosfer, gas CO2 adalah gas yang paling banyak jumlahnya. (7) Gas
CO2 dihasilkan oleh pembakaran bahan bakar fosil, seperti bensin, solar, dan batubara. (8) Selain itu,
pembakaran hutan dan lahan juga memberikan kontribusi jumlah CO2 di atmosfer. (9) Singkatnya,
perilaku manusia yang tidak ramah lingkungan telah menyumbang gas CO2 di atmosfer.

45. Topik bacaan tersebut adalah
(A) pengaruh perubahan iklim.
(B) dampak pemanasan global.
(C) fungsi gas rumah kaca.
(D) penyebab utama pemanasan global.
(E) perilaku manusia takramah lingkungan.
46. Pernyataan manakah berikut ini yang tidak
berhubungan dengan teks tersebut?
(A) Pemanasan global mengakibatkan
perubahan iklim yang ekstrem.
(B) Pembakaran hutan dan lahan
menambah jumlah CO2 di atmosfer.
(C) Peranan gas rumah kaca adalah
mempertahankan suhu bumi.
(D) Gas CO2 merupakan penyebab utama
perubahan iklim saat ini.
(E) Ulah manusia membuat perubahan
komposisi gas rumah kaca di atmosfer.
47. Dalam teks tersebut terdapat penggunaan
kata yang tidak sesuai dengan konteks
kalimatnya, yaitu
(A) kata menyelubungi pada kalimat (2).
(B) kata mempertahankan pada kalimat
(3).
(C) kata penyebab pada kalimat (5).
(D) kata pembakaran pada kalimat (7).
(E) kata menyumbang pada kalimat (9).
48. Makna kata komposisi pada kalimat (4) teks
tersebut adalah
(A) kumpulan unsur. (D) paduan unsur.
(B) tekanan tinggi. (E) tata susun.
(C) jumlah bahan.

Teks berikut digunakan untuk menjawab soal nomor 49 s.d. 52.

(1) Peringatan Hari Warisan Dunia 2019 yang jatuh pada 18 April mengangkat tema ―Lanskap
Perdesaan‖. (2) Dengan tema ini, UNESCO mengajak dunia untuk meningkatkan kembali kesadaran
masyarakat tentang pentingnya melindungi lanskap perdesaan. (3) ICOMOS (International Council on
Monuments and Site) mengartikan lanskap perdesaan sebagai wilayah daratan dan perairan yang terbentuk
akibat interaksi manusia dengan alam yang dimanfaatkan untuk produksi makanan dan sumber daya alam
terbarukan lainnya melalui usaha pertanian, peternakan, perikanan, perhutanan, perburuan, dan ekstraksi
sumber daya lainnya. (4) Lanskap perdesaan merupakan sumber daya multifungsi sekaligus suatu sistem
budaya, sosial, lingkungan, dan ekonomi yang hidup, berkelanjutan, dan dinamis. (5) Lanskap perdesaan
juga adaptif dan sering mencerminkan interaksi ribuan tahun antara manusia dengan alam. (6) Dengan
demikian, lanskap perdesaan adalah wadah penyimpanan atas pengetahuan tradisional dan kearifan lokal
yang berperan penting dalam era perubahan iklim seperti saat ini.
(7) Sesuai dengan tema yang diusulkan ICOMOS itu, Direktorat Warisan dan Diplomasi Budaya
akan memusatkan PHWD 2019 (Perayaan Hari Warisan Dunia Tahun 2019) di Bali, satu di antara
provinsi yang masih mempertahankan lanskap perdesaan berupa sistem pertanian tradisional subak. (8)
Tradisi subak yang berlangsung sejak berabad-abad silam adalah wujud nyata warisan budaya di Pulau
Bali. (9) Peringatan Hari Warisan Dunia di Bali, antara lain, akan mengungkapkan persoalan kerapuhan
kawasan/situs warisan dunia dan kerentanan lahan pertanian di masa kini. (10) Selain itu, fenomena alih
fungsi lahan, perubahan lingkungan, dan desakan pembangunan menjadi masalah yang selalu dihadapi
oleh warisan dunia, termasuk subak di Bali.

Halaman 2 dari 5 halaman

Kode: 501 Program: TPS  TP 2019/2020

49. Gagasan utama paragraf kedua teks tersebut 51. Kata ekstraksi pada teks terebut berpadanan
adalah dengan kata
(A) pengusulan tema PHWD 2019 oleh (A) pengusahaan. (D) pengembangan.
ICOMOS. (B) pembedahan. (E) pembalakan.
(B) pemusatan Perayaan Hari Warisan (C) pembeberan.
Dunia 2019 di Bali.
(C) sistem pertanian subak sebagai lanskap 52. Kelompok kata sistem budaya pada teks
perdesaan. tersebut bermakna
(D) tradisi subak berlangsung sejak (A) perangkat unsur yang saling berkaitan
berabad-abad silam. untuk membentuk suatu totalitas.
(E) fenomena alih fungsi lahan dan (B) cara hidup sekelompok orang di suatu
perubahan lingkungan. daerah atau kelompok sosial.
(C) tatanan/gagasan manusia yang hidup
50. Kata kerapuhan pada kalimat (9) teks bersama dalam suatu masyarakat.
tersebut berantonim dengan kata (D) ilmu pengetahuan dan kearifan lokal
(A) kerentanan. (D) kelenturan. yang disubstitusi dalam kelompok.
(B) kelengkapan. (E) kekuatan. (E) daerah atau kawasan tempat bermu-
(C) kejenuhan. kimnya sekelompok manusia.

Question 53  56 are based on the following passage.

The terms ―intelligence augmentation‖ and ―intelligence amplification‖ evoke images of human
beings with computer chips embedded in their skulls or bizarre accoutrements attached to their heads.
However, according to an article entitled Get Smart by Jamais Cascio, human beings‘ ability to augment
their intelligence is precisely the prowess which has empowered us to survive ―a series of convulsive
glacial events‖ evinced by the last ice age.
Neurophysiologist William Calvin asserts that the human species continues to evolve cognitively
and to create its own cognitive evolution in two basic ways: external and internal.
Cascio states that humans have been externally augmenting their intelligence for millennia. By
developing written language, we boosted our capacity to share information over space and time. Other
advancements, such as agricultural and industrial technologies, reduced the exigencies of manual labor.
Current external digital systems augment human intelligence by allowing us to perform tasks that would
be unfeasible with recourse only to the rational skills of a singular human brain. Cascio cites as examples
the ―powerful simulations and massive data sets (which) allow physicists to visualize, understand, and
debate models of an 11–dimension universe, real-time data from satellites, global environmental
databases, and high-resolution models (which) allow geophysicists to recognize the subtle signs of long-
term changes to the planet,‖ and similar man-made interactions which have the functional effect of
augmenting human intelligence. Conceivable potential software could incorporate individual ―attention
filters‖ or ―focus assistants‖ which would discern and highlight your individual preferences in a computer
display, permitting you to focus and direct your computer searches more efficiently than you do now. It
could incorporate individualized planning and foresight systems which could allow people to play ―what–
if‖ with their life choices. Such systems could co–evolve with people to produce intimate technologies
which would become ―something akin to collaborative intuition,‖ through web-based information systems
with personalized components, according to Cascio.
Somewhat more problematic in social terms might be pharmacological intelligence augmentation,
evoking Brave New World nightmares-pharmaceutically placated people tranquilized to zombie-like
subservience to the collective and a central bureaucracy dedicated to its own continued survival. However,
as with external cognitive augmentation, the future has arrived–in the form of, for example, ADD drugs,
pharmaceutical agents which mitigate sleep disorders, and antidepressants, all of which enhance human
problem-solving ability and cognitive efficiency. According to Cascio, ―people who don‘t know about
(such drugs) or don‘t want to use them will face stiffer competition from people who do. From the
perspective of a culture immersed in athletic doping wars, the use of such drugs may seem like cheating.

Halaman 3 dari 5 halaman

Program: TPS  TP 2019/2020 Kode: 501

From the perspective of those who find they‘re much more productive using this form of enhancement,
it‘s no more cheating than getting a faster computer or a better education.‖
Cognitive amplification, whether by external or internal means, may constitute evolution, if
Calvin‘s assertion is correct. Some societies may readily embrace it, while others may shy away. As
science fiction writer William Gibson observes, ―The future is already here; it‘s just unevenly distributed.‖

53. The author is mainly concerned about ... 55. In the context of the passage, who is likely
(A) various dangers of intelligence interested in reading the passage?
augmentation. (A) Scientists.
(B) the advantages of intelligence (B) Governmet.
augmentation. (C) Patients.
(C) the basic methods of intelligence (D) Company owners.
augmentation. (E) Businessmen.
(D) some scientists who are working on
intelligence augmentation. 56. The primary purpose of the passage is to ...
(E) the differences between external and (A) describe different kinds of intelligence
internal intelligence augmentation. enhancement.
(B) discuss society‘s reactions to
54. The author‘s use of the phrase ―somewhat pharmacological cognitive augmentation.
more problematic in social terms‖ refers to ... (C) examine the differences between external
(A) the difficulty of making cognitive and internal intelligence enhancement.
enchancement widely available. (D) dispel misgivings about humanity‘s
(B) the difficulty of making pharmacological attempts at creating its own evolution.
enhancement socially acceptable. (E) illustrate the limitations of external
(C) equalizing cognitive competitive intelligence augmentation.
advantages among social groups.
(D) bureaucracies which hamper cognitive
enhancement activities.
(E) the relationship between external and
internal intelligence augmentation.

Question 57  60 are based on the following passage.

The latest round in an ongoing debate over global-warming trends claims that warming has indeed
slowed down this century. An obvious slowing in the rise of global temperatures was recorded at the
beginning of the twenty-first century. This was referred to as a "hiatus" or a "pause". This hiatus was first
observed several years ago. Climate-change skeptics have used this as evidence that global warming has
stopped permanently. But in June last year, a study in science claimed that the hiatus was just an artifact
which disappears when biases in temperature data are corrected.
Now a prominent group of researchers is countering that claim. They argue in Nature Climate
Change that even after correcting these biases, the slowdown was real. "There is this mismatch between
what the climate models are producing and what the observations are showing," says lead author John
Fyfe. Fyfe is a climate modeler at the Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis in Victoria.
"We can't ignore it." Fyfe uses the term "slowdown" rather than "hiatus". He also stresses that it does not
in any way weaken global-warming theory.
The debate turns in part around statistics on temperature trends. The study that questioned the
existence of the slowdown corrected known biases in the surface temperature record maintained by the US
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The finding showed differences in
temperature readings from ships and buoys. This effectively increased the record about warming. The
researchers also extended the record to include 2014. This set a new record high for average temperatures.
Thomas Karl, director of National Centers for Environmental Information in Asheville, calculated
the rate of global warming between 1950 and 1999 as being 0.113°C per decade. This was similar to the
0.116°C a decade calculated for 2000-14. This, Karl said, meant that an assessment done by the influential
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in 2013 showing that warming had slowed was no longer
valid. Therefore, it can be concluded that global warming is a fabricated issue.
(Adapted from http://www.nature.com/news/global-warming-hiatu-debate-flarets-up-again-1.19414)

Halaman 4 dari 5 halaman

Kode: 501
57. Which of the following best restates the
sentence ―Climate-change skeptics have
used this as evidence that global warming
has stopped‖ in paragraph 1?
(A) Climate-change believers have used
global warming as evidence to stop this.
(B) This has been used as a proof by
climate-change disbelievers to claim
that global warming has come to an end.
(C) That global warming has come to an
end has been used by climate change
belie-vers as a proof.
(D) This has been exploited by climate-
change disbelievers as a proof to stop
global warming.
(E) This can be used as evidence to stop
climate change disbelievers.
58. It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that
John Fyfe is ...
(A) a disbeliever of hiatus theory.
(B) a proponent of climate change.
(C) an opponent of climate change.
(D) a model at the Canadian Centre for
Climate Modeling and Analysis.
(E) a debater at the Canadian Centre for
Climate Modeling and Analysis.
Program: TPS  TP 2019/2020
59. If the ‗hiatus‘ theory was valid, it could be
said that ...
(A) global warming would never be a
fabricated matter.
(B) people would no longer worry about
global warming issues.
(C) it would strengthen others global-
warming theories and modellings.
(D) the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration would no longer exist.
(E) the debate of the rising temperature
would be made as a trend to attract
government‘s attention.
60. Which of the following statements is not
true based on the passage?
(A) An obvious slowing in the rise of global
temperatures was recorded at the
beginning of the twenty-first century.
(B) Fyfe is a climate modeler at the
Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling
and Analysis in Victoria.
(C) The finding showed differences in
temperature readings from ships and
buoys.
(D) Thomas Karl calculated the rate of
global warming between 1950 and
1999 as being 0.113°C per decade.
(E) It can be said that global warming isn‘t
a concoted issue.
Halaman 5 dari 5 halaman