Pengertian Simple Present Tense

Simple present tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja untuk menyatakan fakta, kebiasaan, atau
kejadian yang terjadi pada saat ini. Bentuk kata kerja ini paling sering digunakan dalam bahasa
Inggris. 

Penjelasan dan Rumus Simple Present Tense

Simple present tense dibentuk dari verb-1 (present tense) atau linking verb “be” (is, am, are). Apa itu
verb-1? Verb-1 merupakan bare infinitive dengan tambahan -s atau -es (contoh verb-1: does, goes,
wants) khusus untuk subject berupa singular noun (kata benda tunggal: Tita, book, car) atau third

person singular pronoun (kata ganti orang ketiga tunggal: she, he, it); atau tanpa
tambahan apapun (contoh verb-1: do, go, want) untuk subject berupa plural noun (boys, men,
books) atau plural pronoun (we, they), pronoun I/you, atau compound subject (you and me, Tina
and Ratih).

Dengan demikian rumus simple present tense untuk kalimat positif, negatif, dan interogatif sebagai
berikut.

Kalimat Rumus Simple Present Tense Contoh Simple Present Tense

S + V-1
positif She likes eating out
S +/- auxiliary (do/does) + bare infinitive
(+)
S + be (am/is/are) The children are naughty.
negatif S + auxiliary (do/does) + not + bare infinitive She doesn’t like eating out
(-) S + be(am/is/are) + not The children aren’t naughty
interogatif Do/Does + S + bare infinitive Does she like eating out
(?) Be(am/is/are) + S Are the children naughty

Catatan:

Pada kalimat positif, normalnya auxiliary verb (do/does) tidak digunakan, melainkan hanya
digunakan jika perlu untuk memberi penekanan pada keharusan melakukan aksi.

Simple Present Tense vs Present Continuous Tense

Aktivitas atau kejadiaan pada simple present tense terjadi pada saat ini (present) namun tidak benar-
benar sedang berlangsung seperti present continuous tense. Berikut perbandingannya.

 Simple present tense: He sleeps without a pillow. (Dia tidur tanpa bantal. ≈ habit)
 Present continuous tense: He is sleeping without a pillow. (Dia sedang tidur tanpa bantal)
Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat Simple Present Tense
Fungsi Contoh Kalimat Simple Present Tense
Simple present tense untuk He always consumes low GI rice.
menyatakan habitual action (kebiasaan) (Dia selalu mengonsumsi beras rendah GI.)
dimana sering digunakan adverb of She sends much money to her parents in the village every
frequency (always, often, usually, every month.
day/week, month, all the time, (Dia mengirimkan banyak uang kepada orangtuanya di desa
etc) sebagai time signals. setiap bulan.)
The sun rises from the east and sets in the west.
(Matahari terbit dari ufuk timur dan tenggelam di ufuk
Factual (kebenaran umum/fakta yang
barat.)
tak terbantahkan)
Water boils at 100 degrees Celcius.
(Air mendidih pada suhu 100 derajat celcius.)
I live in Jakarta.
Simple present tense digunakan untuk (Saya tinggal di Jakarta)
membuat simple statement yang
She is so beautiful.
berlaku general (berlaku kapan saja)
(Dia sangat cantik.)
maupun tidak general (menggunakan
verb be). He’s angry.
(Dia marah.) [tidak general: terjadi sekarang]
She loves dancing.
(Dia suka menari.)
Simple present tense menggunakan I see tears in your eyes.
stative verb untuk menyatakan perasaan (Saya melihat air mata di matamu.)
(feeling), indera (sense), pikiran (mental We agree with the speaker’s opinion.
state), atau kepemilikan (possession). (Kami setuju dengan pendapat pembicara tersebut.)
My brother owns a new house.
(Saudaraku memiliki rumah baru.)
Simple present tense digunakan untuk The ship leaves the harbour this night at 7 o’clock.
membicarakan rencana atau jadwal di (Kapal meninggalkan pelabuhan malam ini jam 7.)
masa depan namun memiliki jangka He arrives from Osaka at 1 pm.
waktu dekat dengan sekarang. (Dia tiba dari Osaka jam 1 siang.)
Umumnya membicarakan tentang
transportasi atau event. Verb yang biasa The ceremony starts at nine.
digunakan antara lain: arrive, come, (Upacara dimulai jam sembilan.)
leave.
You add a glass of coconut milk into a pan and then boil it.
Simple present tense digunakan untuk (Kamu tambah segelas santan ke dalam panci lalu rebus.)
memberikan instruksi atau serial aksi. You go straight ahead then turn left.
(Kamu jalan lurus ke depan lalu belok kiri.)
If you meet the naughty boy, your parents will be angry.
(Jika kamu bertemu dengan anak nakal itu, orangtuamu
Simple present tense digunakan pada
akan marah.)
conditional sentence tipe 1.
I will go swimming if I have free time.
(Saya akan pergi berenang jika ada waktu.)
Simple Present
f t g+ p

FORM

[VERB] + s/es in third person

Examples:

 You speak English.

 Do you speak English?
 You do not speak English.

Complete List of Simple Present Forms

USE 1 Repeated Actions

Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a
habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens. It can also be
something a person often forgets or usually does not do.

Examples:

 I play tennis.
 She does not play tennis.
 Does he play tennis?
 The train leaves every morning at 8 AM.
 The train does not leave at 9 AM.
 When does the train usually leave?
 She always forgets her purse.
 He never forgets his wallet.
 Every twelve months, the Earth circles the Sun.
 Does the Sun circle the Earth?

USE 2 Facts or Generalizations

The Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now,
and will be true in the future. It is not important if the speaker is correct about the fact. It is also used
to make generalizations about people or things.

Examples:

 Cats like milk.

 Birds do not like milk.
 Do pigs like milk?
 California is in America.
 California is not in the United Kingdom.
 Windows are made of glass.
 Windows are not made of wood.
 New York is a small city. It is not important that this fact is untrue.

USE 3 Scheduled Events in the Near Future

Speakers occasionally use Simple Present to talk about scheduled events in the near future. This is
most commonly done when talking about public transportation, but it can be used with other
scheduled events as well.

Examples:

 The train leaves tonight at 6 PM.

 The bus does not arrive at 11 AM, it arrives at 11 PM.
 When do we board the plane?
 The party starts at 8 o'clock.
 When does class begin tomorrow?

USE 4 Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)

Speakers sometimes use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is happening or is not
happening now. This can only be done with Non-Continuous Verbs and certain Mixed Verbs.

Examples:

 I am here now.
 She is not here now.
 He needs help right now.
 He does not need help now.
  He has his passport in his hand.
 Do you have your passport with you?

ADVERB PLACEMENT

The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever,
still, just, etc.

Examples:

 You only speak English.

 Do you only speak English?