1 dik : nilai eu dengan u = 0.

16
nilai eksak e 0.07 = 1.9876
dit : hitunglah kesalahan yang terjadi

penyelesaian :
a). Diperhitungkan satu suku pertama
ex =/= 1
kesalahan relatif terhadap nilai eksak dihitung dengan rumus
∑e = Ee x 100 %
p
= 1.9876 - 1 x 100%
1.9876
= 49.688 %
b) Diperhitungkan dua suku pertama
ex = 1+x
x = 0.16
e0.17 =1+0.16 = 1.16
kesalahan
∑e = 1.9876 - 1.16 x 100%
1.9876
47.6755886496 %
kesalahan berdasarkan perkiraan terbaik
∑a = ∑ x 100% = 1.17 - 1 x 100% = 3.84615
1.17
c). Diperhitungkan tiga suku pertama
ex = 1+x+x2 = 1+0.17+0.172 = 1.0408
2! 2
∑e = 1.9876 - 1.18445 x100% = 47.6353 %
1.9876
∑a = ∑ x 100% = 1.8445 - 1.17 x 100% = 0.07692 %
p* 1.17

Tabel hasil hitungan kesalahan

suku hasil ∑e% ∑a%

1 1 49.68807 0
2 1.04 47.67558864963 3.846153846154
3 1.0408 47.63533910244 0.076923076923
4 1.04081066667 47.63480244181 0.077948717949
5 1.04081077333 47.6347970752 0.077958974359
6 1.04081077419 47.63479703198 0.077959056957
1 dik : nilai eu dengan u = 0.16
nilai eksak e 0.07 = 1.9876
dit : hitunglah kesalahan yang terjadi

penyelesaian :
a). Diperhitungkan satu suku pertama
ex =/= 1
kesalahan relatif terhadap nilai eksak dihitung dengan rumus
∑e = Ee x 100 %
p
= 1.9876 - 1 x 100%
1.9876
= 49.688 %
b) Diperhitungkan dua suku pertama
ex = 1+x
x = 0.16
e0.17 =1+0.16 = 1.16
kesalahan
∑e = 1.9876 - 1.16 x 100%
1.9876
41.6381565707
kesalahan berdasarkan perkiraan terbaik
∑a = ∑ x 100% = 1.17 - 1 x 100% = 13.7931
1.17
c). Diperhitungkan tiga suku pertama
ex = 1+x+x2 = 1+0.17+0.172 = 1.1728
2! 2
∑e = 1.9876 - 1.18445 x100% = 40.9942
1.9876
∑a = ∑ x 100% = 1.8445 - 1.17 x 100% = 1.10345
p* 1.17

Tabel hasil hitungan kesalahan

suku hasil ∑e% ∑a%

1 1 49.68807 0
2 1.16 41.63815657074 13.79310344828
3 1.1728 40.99416381566 1.103448275862
4 1.17348266667 40.95981753539 0.058208276489
5 1.17350997333 40.95844368418 0.002326976567
6 1.17351087045 40.95839854858 7.64471579E-05
7 1.17350999664 40.95844251182 -7.446146E-05
8 1.17351087098 40.95839852179 7.4506902E-05
9 1.17350999665 40.95844251129 -7.4505939E-05
10 1.17351087098 40.95839852178 7.45060104E-05
11 1.17350999665 40.95844251129 -7.4505955E-05
1 dik : nilai eu dengan u = 0.17
nilai eksak e 0.17 = 1.9876
dit : hitunglah kesalahan yang terjadi

penyelesaian :
a). Diperhitungkan satu suku pertama
ex =/= 1
kesalahan relatif terhadap nilai eksak dihitung dengan rumus
∑e = Ee x 100 %
p
= 1.9876 - 1 x 100%
1.9876
= 49.688 %
b) Diperhitungkan dua suku pertama
ex = 1+x
x = 0.17
e0.07 =1+0.17 = 1.17
kesalahan
∑e = 1.9876 - 1.17 x 100%
1.9876
= 41.135 %
kesalahan berdasarkan perkiraan terbaik
∑a = ∑ x 100% = 1.17 - 1 x 100% = 14.53
1.17
c). Diperhitungkan tiga suku pertama
ex = 1+x+x2 = 1+0.17+0.172 = 1.18445
2! 2
∑e = 1.9876 - 1.07245 x100% = 40.4080 %
1.9876
∑a = ∑ x 100% = 1.07245 - 1.17 x 100% = 1.235 %
p* 1.17

Tabel hasil hitungan kesalahan

suku hasil ∑e% ∑a%

1 1 49.68807 0
2 1.17 41.135037231 14.52991452991
3 1.17245 41.011772993 0.208964134931
4 1.17250716667 41.008896827 0.004875592089
5 1.17250816708 41.008846494 8.53227888E-05
6 1.17250818125 41.008845781 1.20845508E-06
7 1.17250816725 41.008846486 -1.194519E-06
8 1.17250818125 41.008845781 1.19465839E-06
9 1.17250816725 41.008846486 -1.1946572E-06
10 1.17250818125 41.008845781 1.1946572E-06
11 1.17250816725 41.008846486 -1.1946572E-06
 0.49688066

49.688066

0.8176

0.41135037
41.1350372

0.14529915
14.5299145

1.17

0.0289 0.80315 0.4040802978

0.01445 40.408029785
1.18445 1.9876
0.80315 0.01445
0.4040802978 0.0123504274
40.408029785 1.235042735

0.004913 0.8023311667
0.49688066 0.0008188333 0.403668327
1.9876 1.17 0.41135037 1.1852688333 0.0001637667
1.9876 1.17245 0.4040803 0.0152688333 0.2370537667
1.9876 1.172507 0.0142699377 0.0030537667 0.00083521
1.9876 1.17251 1.186104043
1.9876 1.17251 0.8014959567
1.9876 1.17251 0.4032481167 0.016104043
1.9876 1.17251 0.01376414
1.9876 1.17251 2.85719E-07 1.6807E-06
1.9876 1.17251 1.1700002857 1.1700016807 0.8175983193 0.817599714
1.9876 1.17251 0.4113495267 0.411350229
1.6807E-06
1.570748E-06
 METHODE ELIMINASI GAUS

11 X + 5 Y - 7 Z = 13
9 X - 21 Y + 17 Z = 25
3 X - 6 Y - 4 Z = 5

Pers ( 1 ) 11 X + 5 Y - 7 Z = 13
Pers ( 2 ) 9 X - 21 Y + 17 Z = 25
Pers ( 3 ) 3 X - 6 Y - 4 Z = 5
Pers ( 4 ) Pers ( 1 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 1 ) =
Pers ( 5 ) Pers ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 2 ) =
Pers ( 6 ) Pers ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) =
Pers ( 7 ) Pers ( 2 ) - ( 5 ) =
Pers ( 8 ) Pers ( 3 ) - ( 6 ) =
Pers ( 9 ) Pers ( 7 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 7 ) =
Pers ( 10 ) Pers ( 9 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 8 ) =
Pers ( 11 ) Pers ( 8 ) - ( 10 ) =

Menentukan Nilai X, Y, Z

Pers ( 11 ) = Z = Z =

Pers ( 7 ) =

Pers ( 1 )

X =

Jadi X = ; Y = ; Z =

Kontrol
Pers ( 1 )
Pers ( 2 )
Pers ( 3 )
0.455 0 0 0.63636
9 9 3 3
4.095 0 0 1.90908
21 17 6 -4
4.095 5.7273 1.364 1.9091
-11.273 -0.449 0 0
-25.1 -7.364 0 0
0.449 3.306436 0 0

0 0 0 0 0
 METHODE ELIMINASI GAUS
11 X + 5 Y - 7 Z = 13
9 X - 21 Y + 17 Z = 25
3 X - 6 Y - 4 Z = 5

Pers ( 1 ) 11 X + 5 Y - -7 Z = 13
Pers ( 2 ) 9 X - -21 Y + 17 Z = 25
Pers ( 3 ) 3 X - -6 Y - -4 Z = 5

Pers ( 4 ) Pers ( 1 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 1 ) = 11 1X + 0.4545455 Y - -0.63636 Z = 1.1818

Pers ( 5 ) Pers ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 2 ) = 9 9X + 4.0909091 Y + -5.72727 Z = 10.636
Pers ( 6 ) Pers ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 3 3X + 1.3636364 Y + -1.90909 Z = 3.5455

Pers ( 7 ) Pers ( 2 ) - ( 5 ) = -25.0909 Y - 22.727 Z = 14.364

Pers ( 8 ) Pers ( 3 ) - ( 6 ) = -7.36364 Y - -2.0909091 Z = 1.4545

Pers ( 9 ) Pers ( 7 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 7 ) = -25.09 1 Y + -0.906 Z = -0.5725

Pers ( 10 ) Pers ( 9 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 8 ) = -7.36364 -7.363636 Y + 6.66996 Z = 4.2154
Pers ( 11 ) Pers ( 8 ) - ( 10 ) = -8.76087 Z = -2.7609

Menentukan Nilai X,Y,Z

Pers ( 11 ) = -8.76087 Z = -2.7609 Z = -2.76087

-8.76087
= 0.315136

Pers ( 7 ) -25.0909 Y - 22.727 Z = 14.3636

Y = 14.3636 - ( 22.727 x 0.315 )

-25.09

= -0.2870

Pers ( 1 ) 11 X + 5Y - -7 Z = 13

X = 13 - 1.4351 + 2.206
11

= 1.512821

Jadi X = 1.51282 ; Y = -0.2870 ; Z = 0.3151

Kontrol
Pers ( 1 ) 11 1.512821 + 5 -0.2870 - -7 0.31514 = 13 13
Pers ( 2 ) 9 1.512821 + -21 -0.2870 - 17 0.31514 = 25 25
Pers ( 3 ) 3 1.512821 - -6 -0.2870 + -4 0.31514 = 5 5
 0.455 -0.636364 0.454545 0.63636
9 9 3 3
4.095 -5.727273 1.363636 1.90908

21 17 6 -4
4.095 5.7273 1.364 1.9091
16.905 11.2727 4.636 -5.9091
-11.273 -0.449 -2.090909 -2.090909
-25.1 -7.364 6.66996 6.66996
0.449 3.306436 -8.76087 -8.76087

16.64103 -1.43507 -2.205955 15.20596 17.41191

 METHODE ELIMINASI GAUS

Pers ( 1 ) 7.5 4 7 = 8
Pers ( 2 ) 1 3 5 = 32
Pers ( 3 ) 3 2 6 = 40

Pers ( 4 ) Pers ( 1 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 1 ) = 7.5 1X + 0.5333333 Y - 0.933333 Z = 1.0667

Pers ( 5 ) Pers ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 2 ) = 1 1X + 0.5333333 Y + 0.933333 Z = 1.0667
Pers ( 6 ) Pers ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 3 3X + 1.6 Y + 2.8 Z = 3.2

Pers ( 7 ) Pers ( 2 ) - ( 5 ) = 2.466667 Y - 4.067 Z = 30.933

Pers ( 8 ) Pers ( 3 ) - ( 6 ) = 0.4 Y - 3.2 Z = 36.8

Pers ( 9 ) Pers ( 7 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 7 ) = 2.47 1 Y + 1.649 Z = 12.541

Pers ( 10 ) Pers ( 9 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 8 ) = 0.4 0.4 Y + 0.65946 Z = 5.0162
Pers ( 11 ) Pers ( 8 ) - ( 10 ) = 2.540541 Z = 31.784

Menentukan Nilai X,Y,Z

Pers ( 11 ) = 2.54054 Z = 32 Z = 31.78378

2.540541
= 12.51064

Pers ( 7 ) 2.47 Y - 4 Z = 30.93

Y = 30.93 - ( 4.067 x 12.51 )

2.47

= -8.0851

Pers ( 1 ) 7.5 0 0 4 0 0 7 0= 8

X = 8- 32.3404 + (87.574)
7.5

= -6.297872

Jadi X = -6.298 ; Y = -8.0851 ; Z = 12.511

Kontrol
Pers ( 1 ) 7.5 -6.2979 + 4 -8.0851 - 7 12.5106 = 8 8
Pers ( 2 ) 1 -6.2979 + 3 -8.0851 - 5 12.5106 = 32 32
Pers ( 3 ) 3 -6.2979 - 2 -8.0851 + 6 12.5106 = 40 40
 METODE GAUS JORDAN

Pers ( 1 ) 3 X + 2 Y - -3 Z = 51
Pers ( 2 ) 4 X + 3 Y - -1 Z = 15
Pers ( 3 ) 2 X - -6 Y + 9 Z = 33

Pers ( 4 ) Pers ( 1 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 1 ) = 3 1X + 0.66667 Y - -1 Z = 17

Pers ( 5 ) Pers ( 2 ) - ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 2 ) = 4 0X + 0.33333 Y - 3 Z = -53
Pers ( 6 ) Pers ( 3 ) - ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 2 0X + -7.33333 Y - 11 Z = -1

Pers ( 7 ) Pers ( 4 ) - ( 8 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 0.66667 1 Y - 0 Z -7.000 = 123

Pers ( 8 ) Pers ( 5 ) : Elemen Kedua (5)= 0.33333 0 Y + 1 Z 9 = -159
Pers ( 9 ) Pers ( 6 ) - ( 8 ) x Elemen Kedua ( 6 ) = -7.33333 0 0 77 = -1167

Pers ( 10 ) Pers ( 7 ) - ( 12 ) x Elemen Ke 3 ( 7 ) = -7.000 1 Y - 0 Z 0 = 16.9091

Pers ( 11 ) Pers ( 8 ) - ( 12 ) x Elemen Ke 3 ( 8 ) = 9.000 0 Y + 1 Z 0 = -22.597
Pers ( 12 ) Pers ( 9 ) : Elemen Ke3 ( 9 ) = 77.000 0 Z 0 1 = -15.156

Jadi X = 16.909 ; Y = -22.5974 ; Z = -15.156

Kontrol
Pers ( 1 ) 3 16.909 + 2 -22.5974 - -3 -15.1558 = 51
Pers ( 2 ) 4 16.9091 + 3 -22.5974 - -1 -15.1558 = 15
Pers ( 3 ) 2 16.9091 - -6 -22.5974 + 9 -15.1558 = 33
 X + -9 Y - -11 Z =
3 X + 6 Y - -5 Z =
7 X - 3 Y + -8 Z =
5
4
33
 METODE GAUS JORDAN

Pers ( 1 ) 2 X + -5 Y - -1 Z = 11
Pers ( 2 ) 9 X + 6 Y - -3 Z = 12
Pers ( 3 ) 10 X - -11 Y + -4 Z = 3

Pers ( 4 ) Pers ( 1 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 1 ) = 2 1X + -2.5 Y - -0.5 Z = 5.5

Pers ( 5 ) Pers ( 2 ) - ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 2 ) = 9 0X + 28.5 Y - 1.5 Z = -37.5
Pers ( 6 ) Pers ( 3 ) - ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 10 0X + 14 Y - 1 Z = -52

Pers ( 7 ) Pers ( 4 ) - ( 8 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = -2.5 1 Y - 0 Z -0.368 = 2.210526

Pers ( 8 ) Pers ( 5 ) : Elemen Kedua (5)= 28.5 0 Y + 1 Z 0.0526 = -1.31579
Pers ( 9 ) Pers ( 6 ) - ( 8 ) x Elemen Kedua ( 6 ) = 14 0 0 0.2632 = -33.5789

Pers ( 10 ) Pers ( 7 ) - ( 12 ) x Elemen Ke 3 ( 7 ) = -0.368 1 Y - 0 Z 0 = -44.8

Pers ( 11 ) Pers ( 8 ) - ( 12 ) x Elemen Ke 3 ( 8 ) = 0.053 0 Y + 1 Z 0 = 5.4
Pers ( 12 ) Pers ( 9 ) : Elemen Ke3 ( 9 ) = 0.263 0 Z 0 1 = -127.600

Menentukan Nilai X,Y,Z

Jadi X = -44.8 ; Y = 5.4000 ; Z = -127.600

Kontrol
Pers ( 1 ) 2 -44.8 + -5 5.4000 - -1 -127.6 = 11
Pers ( 2 ) 9 -44.8 + 6 5.4000 - -3 -127.6 = 12
Pers ( 3 ) 10 -44.8 - -11 5.4000 + -4 -127.6 = 3
 METODE GAUS JORDAN
11 X + 5 Y - -7 Z = 13
9 X + -21 Y - 17 Z = 25
3 X - -6 Y + -45 Z = 5

Pers ( 1 ) 4 X + -7 Y - -3 Z = 8
Pers ( 2 ) 6 X + -5 Y - -4 Z = 32
Pers ( 3 ) 11 X - -15 Y + -1 Z = 40

Pers ( 4 ) Pers ( 1 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 1 ) = 4 1X + -1.75 Y - -0.75 Z = 2

Pers ( 5 ) Pers ( 2 ) - ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 2 ) = 6 0X + 5.5 Y - 0.5 Z = 20
Pers ( 6 ) Pers ( 3 ) - ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 11 0X + 4.25 Y - 7.25 Z = 18

Pers ( 7 ) Pers ( 4 ) - ( 8 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = -1.75 1 Y - 0 Z -0.591 = 8.36364

Pers ( 8 ) Pers ( 5 ) : Elemen Kedua (5)= 5.5 0 Y + 1 Z 0.0909 = 3.63636
Pers ( 9 ) Pers ( 6 ) - ( 8 ) x Elemen Kedua ( 6 ) = 4.25 0 0 6.8636 = 2.54545

Pers ( 10 ) Pers ( 7 ) - ( 12 ) x Elemen Ke 3 ( 7 ) = -0.591 1 Y - 0 Z 0 = 8.58278

Pers ( 11 ) Pers ( 8 ) - ( 12 ) x Elemen Ke 3 ( 8 ) = 0.091 0 Y + 1 Z 0 = 3.60265
Pers ( 12 ) Pers ( 9 ) : Elemen Ke3 ( 9 ) = 6.864 0 Z 0 1 = 0.371

Menentukan Nilai X,Y,Z

Jadi X = 8.5828 ; Y = 3.6026 ; Z = 0.371

Kontrol
Pers ( 1 ) 4 8.583 + -7 3.6026 - -3 0.37086 = 8
Pers ( 2 ) 6 8.58278 + -5 3.6026 - -4 0.37086 = 32
Pers ( 3 ) 11 8.58278 - -15 3.6026 + -1 0.37086 = 40
 METODE GAUS JORDAN
9 X + 3 Y + 5 Z = 60
5 X - -2 Y - -1 Z = 15
2 X + 3 Y - -9 Z = 7

Pers ( 1 ) 9 X + 3 Y + 5 Z = 60
Pers ( 2 ) 5 X - -2 Y - -1 Z = 15
Pers ( 3 ) 2 X + 3 Y - -9 Z = 7

Pers ( 4 ) Pers ( 1 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 1 ) = 9 1 + 0.33333 + 0.5556 = 6.66667

Pers ( 5 ) Pers ( 2 ) - ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 2 ) = 5 0 - -3.66667 - -3.7778 = -18.333
Pers ( 6 ) Pers ( 3 ) - ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 2 0 + 2.33333 - -10.111 = -6.3333

Pers ( 7 ) Pers ( 4 ) - ( 8 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 0.33333 1 Y - 0 Z 0.212 = 5

Pers ( 8 ) Pers ( 5 ) : Elemen Kedua (5)= -3.66667 0 Y + 1 Z 1.0303 = 5
Pers ( 9 ) Pers ( 6 ) - ( 8 ) x Elemen Kedua ( 6 ) = 2.33333 0 0 -12.515 = -18

Pers ( 10 ) Pers ( 7 ) - ( 12 ) x Elemen Ke 3 ( 7 ) = 0.212 1 Y - 0 Z 0 = 4.69492

Pers ( 11 ) Pers ( 8 ) - ( 12 ) x Elemen Ke 3 ( 8 ) = 1.030 0 Y + 1 Z 0 = 3.51816
Pers ( 12 ) Pers ( 9 ) : Elemen Ke3 ( 9 ) = -12.515 0 Z 0 1 = 1.438

Menentukan Nilai X,Y,Z

Jadi X = 4.69492 ; Y = 3.5182 ; Z = 1.438

Kontrol
Pers ( 1 ) 9 4.695 + 3 3.5182 + 5 1.43826 = 60
Pers ( 2 ) 5 4.69492 - -2 3.5182 - -1 1.43826 = 15
Pers ( 3 ) 2 4.69492 + 3 3.5182 - -9 1.43826 = 7
 METODE GAUS JORDAN
3 X + 2 Y - -3 Z = 51
4 X + 3 Y - -1 Z = 15
2 X - -6 Y + 9 Z = 5

Pers ( 1 ) 3 X + 2 Y - -3 Z = 51
Pers ( 2 ) 4 X + 3 Y - -1 Z = 15
Pers ( 3 ) 2 X - -6 Y + 9 Z = 5

Pers ( 4 ) Pers ( 1 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 1 ) = 3 1X + 0.66667 Y - -1 Z = 17

Pers ( 5 ) Pers ( 2 ) - ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 2 ) = 4 0X + 0.33333 Y - 3 Z = -53
Pers ( 6 ) Pers ( 3 ) - ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 2 0X + -7.33333 Y - 11 Z = -29

Pers ( 7 ) Pers ( 4 ) - ( 8 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 0.66667 1 Y - 0 Z -7.000 = 123

Pers ( 8 ) Pers ( 5 ) : Elemen Kedua (5)= 0.33333 0 Y + 1 Z 9 = -159
Pers ( 9 ) Pers ( 6 ) - ( 8 ) x Elemen Kedua ( 6 ) = -7.33333 0 0 77 = -1195

Pers ( 10 ) Pers ( 7 ) - ( 12 ) x Elemen Ke 3 ( 7 ) = -7.000 1 Y - 0 Z 0 = 14.3636

Pers ( 11 ) Pers ( 8 ) - ( 12 ) x Elemen Ke 3 ( 8 ) = 9.000 0 Y + 1 Z 0 = -19.325
Pers ( 12 ) Pers ( 9 ) : Elemen Ke3 ( 9 ) = 77.000 0 Z 0 1 = -15.519

Jadi X = 14.364 ; Y = -19.3247 ; Z = -15.519

Kontrol
Pers ( 1 ) 3 14.364 + 2 -19.3247 - -3 -15.5195 = 51
Pers ( 2 ) 4 14.3636 + 3 -19.3247 - -1 -15.5195 = 15
Pers ( 3 ) 2 14.3636 - -6 -19.3247 + 9 -15.5195 = 5
 METODE GAUS JORDAN
11 X + 5 Y - -7 Z = 13
9 X - -21 Y + 17 Z = 25
3 X - -6 Y - -4 Z = 5

Pers ( 1 ) 11 X + 5 Y - -7 Z = 13
Pers ( 2 ) 9 X - -21 Y + 17 Z = 25
Pers ( 3 ) 3 X - -6 Y - -4 Z = 5

Pers ( 4 ) Pers ( 1 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 1 ) = 11 1 + 0.4545 - -0.6364 = 1.18182

Pers ( 5 ) Pers ( 2 ) - ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 2 ) = 9 0 + -25.091 - 22.727 = 14.3636
Pers ( 6 ) Pers ( 3 ) - ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 3 0 + -7.3636 - -2.0909 = 1.45455

Pers ( 7 ) Pers ( 4 ) - ( 8 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 0.45455 1 - 0 -0.225 = 1.44203

Pers ( 8 ) Pers ( 5 ) : Elemen Kedua (5)= -25.0909 0 + 1 -0.9058 = -0.5725
Pers ( 9 ) Pers ( 6 ) - ( 8 ) x Elemen Kedua ( 6 ) = -7.36364 0 0 -8.7609 = -2.7609

Pers ( 10 ) Pers ( 7 ) - ( 12 ) x Elemen Ke 3 ( 7 ) = -0.225 1 - 0 0 = 1.51282

Pers ( 11 ) Pers ( 8 ) - ( 12 ) x Elemen Ke 3 ( 8 ) = -0.906 0 + 1 0 = -0.287
Pers ( 12 ) Pers ( 9 ) : Elemen Ke3 ( 9 ) = -8.761 0 0 1 = 0.315

Jadi X = 1.512821 ; Y = -0.2870 ; Z = 0.315

Kontrol
Pers ( 1 ) 11 1.513 + 5 -0.2870 - -7 0.31514 = 13
Pers ( 2 ) 9 1.51282 + -21 -0.2870 - 17 0.31514 = 25
Pers ( 3 ) 3 1.51282 - -6 -0.2870 + -4 0.31514 = 5
 METHODE ELIMINASI GAUS
11 X + 5 Y - 7 Z = 13
9 X - 21 Y + 17 Z = 25
3 X - 6 Y - 4 Z = 5

Pers ( 1 ) 11 X + 5 Y - -7 Z = 13
Pers ( 2 ) 9 X - -21 Y + 17 Z = 25
Pers ( 3 ) 3 X - -6 Y - -4 Z = 5

Pers ( 4 ) Pers ( 1 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 1 ) = 11 1X + 0.45455 Y - -0.63636 Z = 1.1818

Pers ( 5 ) Pers ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 2 ) = 9 9X + 4.09091 Y + -5.72727 Z = 10.636
Pers ( 6 ) Pers ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 3 3X + 1.36364 Y + -1.90909 Z = 3.5455

Pers ( 7 ) Pers ( 2 ) - ( 5 ) = -25.091 Y - 22.727 Z = 14.364

Pers ( 8 ) Pers ( 3 ) - ( 6 ) = -7.3636 Y - -2.09091 Z = 1.4545

Pers ( 9 ) Pers ( 7 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 7 ) = -25.09 1 Y + -0.906 Z = -0.5725

Pers ( 10 ) Pers ( 9 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 8 ) = -7.3636 -7.36364 Y + 6.66996 Z = 4.2154
Pers ( 11 ) Pers ( 8 ) - ( 10 ) = -8.76087 Z = -2.7609

Menentukan Nilai X,Y,Z

Pers ( 11 ) = -8.7609 Z = -2.7609 Z = -2.7609

-8.7609
= 0.31514

Pers ( 7 ) -25.091 Y - 22.727 Z = 14.3636

Y = 14.3636 - ( 22.727 x 0.315 )

-25.09

= -0.2870

Pers ( 1 ) 11 X + 5Y - -7 Z = 13

X = 13 - 1.4351 + 2.206
11

= 1.51282

Jadi X = 1.5128 ; Y = -0.2870 ; Z = 0.315

Kontrol
Pers ( 1 ) 11 1.51282 + 5 -0.2870 - -7 0.31514 = 13
Pers ( 2 ) 9 1.51282 - -21 -0.2870 + 17 0.31514 = 25
Pers ( 3 ) 3 1.51282 - -6 -0.2870 - -4 0.31514 = 5
 0.455 -0.636364 0.454545 0.63636
9 9 3 3
4.095 -5.727273 1.363636 1.90908

21 17 6 -4
4.095 5.7273 1.364 1.9091
16.905 11.2727 4.636 -5.9091
-11.273 -0.449 -2.090909 -2.090909
-25.1 -7.364 6.66996 6.66996
0.449 3.306436 -8.76087 -8.76087

16.64103 -1.43507 -2.205955 15.20596 17.41191

 METODE GAUS JORDAN
3 X + 1 Y - 1 Z = 5
4 X + 7 Y - 3 Z = 20
2 X - 2 Y + 5 Z = 10

Pers ( 1 ) 3 X + 1 Y -
Pers ( 2 ) 4 X + 7 Y -
Pers ( 3 ) 2 X - -2 Y +

Pers ( 4 ) Pers ( 1 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 1 ) = 3 1X + 0.3333 Y -

Pers ( 5 ) Pers ( 2 ) - ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 2 ) = 4 0X + 5.6667 Y -
Pers ( 6 ) Pers ( 3 ) - ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 2 0X + -2.6667 Y -

Pers ( 7 ) Pers ( 4 ) - ( 8 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 0.33333 1 Y - 0 Z

Pers ( 8 ) Pers ( 5 ) : Elemen Kedua (5)= 5.66667 0 Y + 1 Z
Pers ( 9 ) Pers ( 6 ) - ( 8 ) x Elemen Kedua ( 6 ) = -2.6667 0 0

Pers ( 10 ) Pers ( 7 ) - ( 12 ) x Elemen Ke 3 ( 7 ) = -0.235 1 Y - 0

Pers ( 11 ) Pers ( 8 ) - ( 12 ) x Elemen Ke 3 ( 8 ) = -0.294 0 Y + 1
Pers ( 12 ) Pers ( 9 ) : Elemen Ke3 ( 9 ) = 4.882 0 Z 0

Menentukan Nilai X,Y,Z

Pers ( 11 ) = 0 Z = 2.6506 Z = 2.650602

0
= #DIV/0!

Pers ( 7 ) 1 Y - 3.13253 Z = 0.88235

Y = 0.88235 + ( 3.1325301 x #DIV/0! )

1.0000

= #DIV/0!

Pers ( 1 ) 3X + 1Y - -1 Z = 5

X = 5- #DIV/0! + #DIV/0!
3

= #DIV/0!

Jadi X = 1.506 ; Y = 3.1325 ; Z = 2.651

Kontrol
Pers ( 1 ) 3 1.506 + 1 3.1325 - -1 2.6506 = 5
Pers ( 2 ) 4 1.50602 + 7 3.1325 - -3 2.6506 = 20
Pers ( 3 ) 2 1.50602 - -2 3.1325 + 5 2.6506 = 10
 3.0120482
-6.2650602
13.253012
10
AN

-1 Z = 5
-3 Z = 20
5 Z = 10

-0.3333 Z = 1.6667
-1.6667 Z = 13.333
5.6667 Z = 6.6667

-0.235 = 0.8824
-0.2941 = 2.3529
4.8824 = 12.941

Z 0 = 1.506
Z 0 = 3.1325
1 = 2.651
1 dik : nilai eu dengan u = 0.17
nilai eksak e 0.07 = 1.9876
dit : hitunglah kesalahan yang terjadi

penyelesaian :
a). Diperhitungkan satu suku pertama
ex =/= 1
kesalahan relatif terhadap nilai eksak dihitung dengan rumus
∑e = Ee x 100 %
p
= 1.9876 - 1 x 100%
1.9876
= 49.688 %
b) Diperhitungkan dua suku pertama
ex = 1+x
x = 0.17
e0.17 =1+0.17 = 1.17
kesalahan
∑e = 1.9876 - 1.17 x 100%
1.9876
= 41.135 %
kesalahan berdasarkan perkiraan terbaik
∑a = ∑ x 100% = 1.17 - 1 x 100% = 14.53
1.17
c). Diperhitungkan tiga suku pertama
ex = 1+x+x2 = 1+0.17+0.172 = 1.18445
2! 2
∑e = 1.9876 - 1.18445 x100% = 40.408%
1.9876
∑a = ∑ x 100% = 1.8445 - 1.17 x 100% = 1.235%
p* 1.17

Tabel hasil hitungan kesalahan

suku hasil ∑e% ∑a%

1 1 49.68807 0
2 1.17 41.135037231 14.52991452991
3 1.18445 40.408029785 1.235042735043
4 1.18526883333 40.366832696 0.06913194591
5 1.18530363375 40.36508182 0.002936077933
6 1.18530485049 40.365020603 0.000102652058
7 1.18530366727 40.365080133 -9.9823616E-05
8 1.1853048513 40.365020562 9.98924042E-05
9 1.18530366729 40.365080132 -9.9890845E-05
10 1.1853048513 40.365020562 9.98909722E-05
11 1.18530366729 40.365080132 -9.9890872E-05
tabel hasil hitungan metode setengah interval
jumlah
xn xn+1 xt f(xn) f(xn+1)
interasi
1 3.7777 3.81255 3.795125 -2.59613395 0.87589052
2 3.795125 3.81255 3.8038375 -0.87049256 0.87589052
3 3.795125 3.8038375 3.79948125 -0.87049256 0.00010031
4 3.79948125 3.8038375 3.801659375 -0.43584505 0.00010031
5 3.801659375 3.8038375 3.802748438 -0.21803469 0.00010031
6 3.8027484375 3.8038375 3.803292969 -0.10900778 0.00010031
7 3.80329296875 3.8038375 3.803565234 -0.05446388 0.00010031
8 3.80356523438 3.8038375 3.803701367 -0.02718432 0.00010031
9 3.80370136719 3.8038375 3.803769434 -0.01354264 0.00010031
10 3.80376943359 3.8038375 3.803803467 -0.00672132 0.00010031
11 3.8038034668 3.8038375 3.803820483 -0.00331054 0.00010031
12 3.8038204834 3.8038375 3.803828992 -0.00160513 0.00010031
13 3.8038289917 3.8038375 3.803833246 -0.00075241 0.00010031
14 3.80383324585 3.8038375 3.803835373 -0.00032605 0.00010031
15 3.80383537292 3.8038375 3.803836436 -0.00011287 0.00010031
16 3.80383643646 3.8038375 3.803836968 -6.2779E-06 0.00010031
17 3.80383696823 3.8038375 3.803837234 4.70174E-05 0.00010031
18 3.80383723412 3.8038375 3.803837367 7.3665E-05 0.00010031
19 3.80383736706 3.8038375 3.803837434 8.69888E-05 0.00010031
20 3.80383743353 3.8038375 3.803837467 9.36507E-05 0.00010031
21 3.80383746676 3.8038375 3.803837483 9.69817E-05 0.00010031
22 3.80383748338 3.8038375 3.803837492 9.86472E-05 0.00010031
23 3.80383749169 3.8038375 3.803837496 9.94799E-05 0.00010031
24 3.80383749585 3.8038375 3.803837498 9.98963E-05 0.00010031
25 3.80383749792 3.8038375 3.803837499 0.000100104 0.00010031
26 3.80383749896 3.8038375 3.803837499 0.000100209 0.00010031
27 3.80383749948 3.8038375 3.8038375 0.000100261 0.00010031
 f(xt)
-0.870492563197
0.0001003126315
-0.435845047145
-0.218034690724 7.581538
-0.109007781538 3.790769
-0.05446388403 3.795125
-0.027184323275 3.81255 3.8038375
-0.013542639738 7.607675
-0.00672132216 3.795125
-0.003310544417 7.59025
-0.001605125806 3.7777
-0.000752409065
-0.000326048836
-0.000112868257
-6.27785172E-06
4.70173802E-05
7.366500343E-05
8.698881682E-05
9.365072398E-05
9.698167773E-05
9.864715457E-05
9.947989304E-05
9.98962623E-05
0.0001001044469
0.0001002085392
0.0001002605854
0.0001002866085
2 dik : persamaan f(x) = 3x3 - 7x2 - 31x - 2 =0
dengan interval 3 < f(x) < 5
dit : hitunglah persamaaan fungsi f (xt) dengan metode setengah interval
penyelesaian :
misal : x = 3 dan x = 5
untuk x=3, f(x=3)= 3 (3)3 - 7(3)2 - 31(3) - 2 = 21
untuk x=5, f(x=5)= 3 (5)3 - 7(3)2 - 31(5) - 2 = 309

hitung fungsi f (xt)

xt = x1 + x2 = 34
2 2
f(xt=4) = 3(4)3 - 7x2 - 3(4) - 2= 129
tode setengah interval
tabel hasil hitungan metode setengah interval
jumlah
interasi xn xn+1 xt f(xn) f(xn+1) f(xt)
1 3 4 3.5 -60 129 67.125
2 3.5 5 4.25 67.125 309 166.546875
3 3.5 4.25 3.875 67.125 166.546875 111.931640625
4 3.875 4.25 4.0625 111.931641 166.546875 137.953857422
5 4.0625 4.25 4.15625 137.953857 166.546875 151.921600342
6 4.15625 4.25 4.203125 151.9216 166.546875 159.151119232
7 4.203125 4.25 4.2265625 159.151119 166.546875 162.828101635
8 4.2265625 4.25 4.23828125 162.828102 166.546875 164.682249963
9 4.23828125 4.25 4.244140625 164.68225 166.546875 165.613251083
10 4.244140625 4.25 4.2470703125 165.613251 166.546875 166.079734965
11 4.2470703125 4.25 4.24853515625 166.079735 166.546875 166.313222935
12 4.2485351563 4.25 4.24926757813 166.313223 166.546875 166.430028452
13 4.2492675781 4.25 4.24963378906 166.430028 166.546875 166.488446597
14 4.2496337891 4.25 4.24981689453 166.488447 166.546875 166.517659516
15 4.2498168945 4.25 4.24990844727 166.51766 166.546875 166.532266937
16 4.2499084473 4.25 4.24995422363 166.532267 166.546875 166.539570889
17 4.2499542236 4.25 4.24997711182 166.539571 166.546875 166.543222924
18 4.2499771118 4.25 4.24998855591 166.543223 166.546875 166.545048957
19 4.2499885559 4.25 4.24999427795 166.545049 166.546875 166.545961977
20 4.249994278 4.25 4.24999713898 166.545962 166.546875 166.546418488
21 4.249997139 4.25 4.24999856949 166.546418 166.546875 166.546646744
22 4.2499985695 4.25 4.24999928474 166.546647 166.546875 166.546760872
23 4.2499992847 4.25 4.24999964237 166.546761 166.546875 166.546817936
24 4.2499996424 4.25 4.24999982119 166.546818 166.546875 166.546846468
25 4.2499998212 4.25 4.24999991059 166.546846 166.546875 166.546860734
26 4.2499999106 4.25 4.2499999553 166.546861 166.546875 166.546867867
27 4.2499999553 4.25 4.24999997765 166.546868 166.546875 166.546871434
28 4.2499999776 4.25 4.24999998882 166.546871 166.546875 166.546873217
29 4.2499999888 4.25 4.24999999441 166.546873 166.546875 166.546874108
30 4.2499999944 4.25 4.24999999721 166.546874 166.546875 166.546874554
31 4.2499999972 4.25 4.2499999986 166.546875 166.546875 166.546874777
32 4.2499999986 4.25 4.2499999993 166.546875 166.546875 166.546874889
33 4.2499999993 4.25 4.24999999965 166.546875 166.546875 166.546874944
34 4.2499999997 4.25 4.24999999983 166.546875 166.546875 166.546874972
tabel hasil hitungan metode setengah interval
jumlah
interasi xn xn+1 xt f(xn) f(xn+1) f(xt)
1 1 2 1.5 -4 3 -1.875
2 1.5 2 1.75 -1.875 3 0.17188
3 1.5 1.75 1.625 -1.875 0.17188 -0.9434
4 1.625 1.75 1.6875 -0.9434 0.17188 -0.4094
5 1.6875 1.75 1.71875 -0.4094 0.17188 -0.1248
6 1.71875 1.75 1.73438 -0.1248 0.17188 0.02203
7 1.73438 1.75 1.74219 0.02203 0.17188 0.09657
8 1.74219 1.75 1.74609 0.09657 0.17188 0.13413
9 1.74609 1.75 1.74805 0.13413 0.17188 0.15298
10 1.74805 1.75 1.74902 0.15298 0.17188 0.16242
11 1.74902 1.75 1.74951 0.16242 0.17188 0.16715
12 1.74951 1.75 1.74976 0.16715 0.17188 0.16951
13 1.74976 1.75 1.74988 0.16951 0.17188 0.17069
14 1.74988 1.75 1.74994 0.17069 0.17188 0.17128
15 1.74994 1.75 1.74997 0.17128 0.17188 0.17158
16 1.74997 1.75 1.74998 0.17158 0.17188 0.17173
17 1.74998 1.75 1.74999 0.17173 0.17188 0.1718
18 1.74999 1.75 1.75 0.1718 0.17188 0.17184
19 1.75 1.75 1.75 0.17184 0.17188 0.17186
20 1.75 1.75 1.75 0.17186 0.17188 0.17187
21 1.75 1.75 1.75 0.17187 0.17188 0.17187
22 1.75 1.75 1.75 0.17187 0.17188 0.17187
23 1.75 1.75 1.75 0.17187 0.17188 0.17187
24 1.75 1.75 1.75 0.17187 0.17188 0.17187
25 1.75 1.75 1.75 0.17187 0.17188 0.17187
26 1.75 1.75 1.75 0.17187 0.17188 0.17187
27 1.75 1.75 1.75 0.17187 0.17188 0.17187
tabel hasil hitungan metode setengah interval
jumlah
interasi xn xn+1 xt f(xn) f(xn+1)
1 1.71875 1.74 1.729375 -0.124786 0.075624
2 1.729375 1.74 1.7346875 -0.02528 0.075624
3 1.729375 1.7346875 1.73203125 -0.02528 0.02499702
4 1.7320313 1.7271875 1.729609375 -0.000185 -0.0458804
5 1.7296094 1.7271875 1.728398438 -0.023069 -0.0458804
6 1.7283984 1.7271875 1.727792969 -0.034484 -0.0458804
7 1.727793 1.7271875 1.727490234 -0.040184 -0.0458804
8 1.7274902 1.7271875 1.727338867 -0.043033 -0.0458804
9 1.7273389 1.7271875 1.727263184 -0.044457 -0.0458804
10 1.7272632 1.7271875 1.727225342 -0.045169 -0.0458804
11 1.7272253 1.7271875 1.727206421 -0.045525 -0.0458804
12 1.7272064 1.7271875 1.72719696 -0.045702 -0.0458804
13 1.727197 1.7271875 1.72719223 -0.045791 -0.0458804
14 1.7271922 1.7271875 1.727189865 -0.045836 -0.0458804
15 1.7271899 1.7271875 1.727188683 -0.045858 -0.0458804
16 1.7271887 1.7271875 1.727188091 -0.045869 -0.0458804
17 1.7271881 1.7271875 1.727187796 -0.045875 -0.0458804
18 1.7271878 1.7271875 1.727187648 -0.045878 -0.0458804
19 1.7271876 1.7271875 1.727187574 -0.045879 -0.0458804
20 1.7271876 1.7271875 1.727187537 -0.04588 -0.0458804
21 1.7271875 1.7271875 1.727187518 -0.04588 -0.0458804
22 1.7271875 1.7271875 1.727187509 -0.04588 -0.0458804
23 1.7271875 1.7271875 1.727187505 -0.04588 -0.0458804
24 1.7271875 1.7271875 1.727187502 -0.04588 -0.0458804
25 1.7271875 1.7271875 1.727187501 -0.04588 -0.0458804
26 1.7271875 1.7271875 1.727187501 -0.04588 -0.0458804
27 1.7271875 1.7271875 1.7271875 -0.04588 -0.0458804
f(xt)
-0.02527977
0.02499702
-0.00018509
-0.02306905
-0.03448379
-0.04018437
-0.04303295
-0.04445682
-0.04516865
-0.04552453
-0.04570247
-0.04579144
-0.04583592
-0.04585816
-0.04586928
-0.04587484
-0.04587762
-0.04587901
-0.04587971
-0.04588005
-0.04588023
-0.04588032
-0.04588036
-0.04588038
-0.04588039
-0.0458804
-0.0458804
 METHODE ELIMINASI GAUS
3 X + 1 Y - 1 Z = 5
4 X + 7 Y - 3 Z = 20
2 X - 2 Y + 5 Z = 10

Pers ( 1 ) 3 X + 1 Y - 1 Z = 5
Pers ( 2 ) 4 X + 7 Y - 3 Z = 20
Pers ( 3 ) 2 X - 2 Y + 5 Z = 10

Pers ( 4 ) Pers ( 1 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 1 ) = 3 1X + 0.3333 Y - 0.3333 Z = 1.6667

Pers ( 5 ) Pers ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 2 ) = 4 4X + 1.3333 Y - 1.3333 Z = 6.6667
Pers ( 6 ) Pers ( 4 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 3 ) = 2 2X + 0.6667 Y - 0.6667 Z = 3.3333

Pers ( 7 ) Pers ( 2 ) - ( 5 ) = 5.66666667 Y - 1.6667 Z = 13.333

Pers ( 8 ) Pers ( 3 ) - ( 6 ) = -2.6666667 Y + 5.6667 Z = 6.6667

Pers ( 9 ) Pers ( 7 ) : Elemen Pertama ( 7 ) = 5.6667 1 Y - 0.2941 Z = 2.3529

Pers ( 10 ) Pers ( 9 ) x Elemen Pertama ( 8 ) = -2.6667 -2.6666667 Y + 0.7843 Z = -6.2745
Pers ( 11 ) Pers ( 8 ) - ( 10 ) = 4.88235294 Z = 12.941

Menentukan Nilai X,Y,Z

Pers ( 11 ) = 4.88235 Z = 12.9412 Z = 12.9411765

4.88235294
= 2.65060241

Pers ( 7 ) 5.66667 Y - 1.66667 Z = 13.3333

Y = 13.3333 + ( 1.66666667 x 2.6506 )

5.6667

= 3.1325

Pers ( 1 ) 3X + 1Y - 1Z = 5

X = 5- 3.1325 + 2.6506
3

= 1.506

Jadi X = 1.506 ; Y = 3.1325 ; Z = 2.6506

Kontrol
Pers ( 1 ) 3 1.50602 + 1 3.1325 - 1 2.6506 = 5
Pers ( 2 ) 4 1.50602 + 7 3.1325 - 3 2.6506 = 20
Pers ( 3 ) 2 1.50602 - 2 3.1325 + 5 2.6506 = 10
tabel hasil hitungan metode setengah interval
jumlah
interasi xn xn+1 xt f(xn) f(xn+1) f(xt)
1 4 5 4.5 129 309 208.875
2 4.5 5 4.75 208.875 309 256.265625
3 4.5 4.75 4.625 208.875 256.265625 231.9199219
4 4.625 4.75 4.6875 231.91992 256.265625 243.9279785
5 4.6875 4.75 4.71875 243.92798 256.265625 250.0553284
6 4.71875 4.75 4.734375 250.05533 256.265625 253.150074
7 4.734375 4.75 4.7421875 253.15007 256.265625 254.7052445
8 4.7421875 4.75 4.74609375 254.70524 256.265625 255.484783
9 4.74609375 4.75 4.74804688 255.48478 256.265625 255.875041
10 4.748046875 4.75 4.74902344 255.87504 256.265625 256.0702922
11 4.7490234375 4.75 4.74951172 256.07029 256.265625 256.1679484
12 4.7495117188 4.75 4.74975586 256.16795 256.265625 256.2167842
13 4.7497558594 4.75 4.74987793 256.21678 256.265625 256.2412039
14 4.7498779297 4.75 4.74993896 256.2412 256.265625 256.2534143
15 4.7499389648 4.75 4.74996948 256.25341 256.265625 256.2595196
16 4.7499694824 4.75 4.74998474 256.25952 256.265625 256.2625723
17 4.7499847412 4.75 4.74999237 256.26257 256.265625 256.2640986
18 4.7499923706 4.75 4.74999619 256.2641 256.265625 256.2648618
19 4.7499961853 4.75 4.74999809 256.26486 256.265625 256.2652434
20 4.7499980927 4.75 4.74999905 256.26524 256.265625 256.2654342
21 4.7499990463 4.75 4.74999952 256.26543 256.265625 256.2655296
22 4.7499995232 4.75 4.74999976 256.26553 256.265625 256.2655773
23 4.7499997616 4.75 4.74999988 256.26558 256.265625 256.2656012
24 4.7499998808 4.75 4.74999994 256.2656 256.265625 256.2656131
25 4.7499999404 4.75 4.74999997 256.26561 256.265625 256.265619
26 4.7499999702 4.75 4.74999999 256.26562 256.265625 256.265622
27 4.7499999851 4.75 4.74999999 256.26562 256.265625 256.2656235