2
https://covid19.go.id/peta-sebaran-covid19 Update 15 April 2021
3
• Confirmation of a recent infection, acute and
convalescent sera must be tested using a validated
(semi) quantitative or quantitative assay.
• The first sample should be collected during the
acute phase of illness, and the second sample at
least 14 days after the initial sera was collected.
• Maximum antibody levels are expected to occur in
the 3rd/4th week after symptom onset.
• Seroconversion or a rise in antibody titres in paired
sera will help to confirm whether the infection is
recent and/or acute.
• If the initial sample tests positive, this result could
be due to a past infection that is not related to the
current illness
• Studies show that several commercial assays measuring
total Ig or IgG have performed well. Most of these
studies show no advantage of IgM over IgG, as IgM does
not appear much earlier than IgG
64
KMK No. HK.01.07/MENKES/3602/2021
PERUBAHAN ATAS KMK NOMOR HK.01.07/MENKES/446/2021 TENTANG PENGGUNAAN RAPID
DIAGNOSTIC TEST ANTIGEN DALAM PEMERIKSAAN COVID-19
Sequencing
Pemeriksaan amplifikasi asam
nukleat
10
Grace Adams , 2020
RT-PCR
Indonesia
Beberapa BTKL di Indonesia menggunakan target gen yang
direkomendasikan oleh Balitbangkes, atau target gen sesuai dengan
reagen yang direkomendasikan oleh Balitbangkes dan merujuk dari
rekomendasi WHO
link pemeriksaan metode PCR yang telah mendapatkan WHO Emergency Use Listing Diagnostic In Vitro NAAT
(https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/sites/default/files/documents/210126_eul_ sars_cov2_product_list.pdf)
link pemeriksaan metode PCR yang telah mendapatkan FDA EUA Approval (https://www.fda.gov/emergency-
preparedness-andresponse/mcm-legal-regulatory-and-policy-framework/emergency-useauthorization)
PCR
Ekstraksi otomatis 15
CLOSED SYSTEM
Rapid PCR
45 Menit
qRT-PCR
3-6 Jam
16
NAAT PCR
• Tergantung insert kit alat yang
digunakan : Swab nasofaring,
Bahan swab orofaring, sputum,
pemeriksaan aspirat sal nafas bawah, BAL,
aspirat nasofaring/nasal
pengiriman You can simply impress your audience and add a unique
zing and appeal to your Presentations.
spesimen
Contoh Interpretasi NAAT PCR
2. 4.
NEAR CRISPR
1. Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)
Operating temperature:
60-65° C
Penyimpanan • Tergantung
dan insert kit alat
pengiriman yang digunakan
spesimen Insert kit ID NOW Your Text Here
You can simply impress your audience and add a unique
zing and appeal to your Presentations.
Rapid Molecular NAAT / Tes Cepat
Molekuler (TCM)
Meysam Rezaei, 2020
30
POC testing enables an increased screening and detection capacity in a cost-effective
manner, which can aid a government to control the current and emerging pandemics
Meysam Rezaei, 2020 31
J. Kashir and A. Yaqinuddin, 2020
TCM
• Tes diagnostik berbasis molekuler (PCR atau Isothermal)
yang relatif mudah dan cepat
• Tidak membutuhkan peralatan yang banyak
• Dilakukan secara otomatis sesuai petunjuk insert kit
• Kapasitas tes tergantung insert kit (biasanya tidak
banyak)→ relatif cocok untuk setting pasien yang tidak
banyak
TCM PCR
34
TCM Isothermal
NEAR
3-15 menit
35
Meysam Rezaei, 2020 36
Meysam Rezaei, 2020 37
Yu, C.Y.; Chan, K.G.; Yean, C.Y.; Ang, G.Y., 2021 38
Yu, C.Y.; Chan, K.G.; Yean, C.Y.; Ang, G.Y., 2021 39
link alat TCM isotermal point of care berdasarkan approval dari:
48