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UTBK - Literasi Bahasa Inggris
Reading Comprehension Drill
Tes Evaluasi Reading Comprehension 6
Doc Name:001821 Tes Evaluasi Reading Comprehension Version:202212120926
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UTBK - Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris
Latihan Soal UTBK 2020
Doc Name:001904 Latihan Soal UTBK 2020 Version:202212120854
Latihan Soal UTBK 2021 - Set 2
Doc Name:001909 Latihan Soal UTBK 2021 - Set Version:202212120858

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The earth’s crust is split into a number of tectonic plates that oat on the hot magma liquid. The plates keep moving. This
is called a tectonic plate, and the movement of the tectonic plate is the trigger for earthquakes.
Strong earthquakes occur when two tectonic plates collide with each other. As a result, the high tension arises at the
edges of the two plates. The power continues to increase and it eventually reaches an optimal point. When that
energy is released, an earthquake occurs.
There are also two plates that collide and squeeze each other in the coastal area of Japan. The edges of these tectonic
plates are nally pressed to the earth. A curved plate in ltrates under another plate with a higher density. If the pressure
caused by the collision of the tectonic plates is released suddenly, then a natural disaster occurs in the form of a huge
earthquake.
The earthquake has also threatened the west coast of the United States. The two plates rub against an area called the San
Andreas fault. The length of the rubbing plate is about 1,000 kilometers. The resulting friction also causes collisions. The
two plates are currently sliding past each other. Since the fault is formed from the sliding plates, a large tension is stored.
The researchers estimate that the entire region is threatened by natural disasters that can occur at any time.
Tectonic plates on the surface of the earth always move dynamically so that earthquakes often occur at the edges of
each plate. The most famous earthquake area is the Paci c Fire Ring, which stretches from Chile in South America across
the eastern coast of North America, Japan, the Philippines, Indonesia to the Tonga Islands.
No. 2
No. 4
\hspace 1cmThe earth’s crust is split into a number of tectonic plates that oat on the hot magma liquid. The plates
keep moving. This is called a tectonic plate, and the movement of the tectonic plate is the trigger for earthquakes.
Strong earthquakes occur when two tectonic plates collide with each other. As a result, the high tension arises at
the edges of the two plates. The power continues to increase and it eventually reaches an optimal point. When that energy
is released, an earthquake occurs.
\hspace 1cmThere are also two plates that collide and squeeze each other in the coastal area of Japan. The edges of
these tectonic plates are nally pressed to the earth. A curved plate in ltrates under another plate with a higher density. If
the pressure caused by the collision of the tectonic plates is released suddenly, then a natural disaster occurs in the form
of a huge earthquake.
The earthquake has also threatened the west coast of the United States. The two plates rub against an area called
the San Andreas fault. The length of the rubbing plate is about 1,000 kilometers. The resulting friction also causes
collisions. The two plates are currently sliding past each other. Since the fault is formed from the sliding plates, a large
tension is stored. The researchers estimate that the entire region is threatened by natural disasters that can occur at any
time.
\hspace 1cmTectonic plates on the surface of the earth always move dynamically so that earthquakes often occur at the
edges of each plate. The most famous earthquake area is the Paci c Fire Ring, which stretches from Chile in South
America across the eastern coast of North America, Japan, the Philippines, Indonesia to the Tonga Islands.
pembahasan soal ini di dengan masukin kode 001911 ke search box. lewat ya!
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No. 1
No. 2
Education includes both the teaching and learning of knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency. It thus
focuses on the cultivation of skills, trades or professions, as well as mental, moral, and aesthetic development. Formal
education consists of systematic instruction, teaching, and training by professional teachers. This consists of the
application of pedagogy and the development of curricula.
Educational systems are established to provide education and training, often for children and the young. A
curriculum de nes what students should know, understand, and be able to do as the result of education. A teaching
profession delivers teaching which enables learning, and a system of policies, regulations, examinations, structures, and
funding enables teachers to teach to the best of their abilities. Sometimes educational systems can be used to promote
doctrines or ideals as well as knowledge, which is known as social engineering. This can lead to political abuse of the
system, particularly in totalitarian states and governments.
Primary (or elementary) education consists of the rst years of formal, structured education. In general, primary
education consists of six or seven years of schooling starting at the age of 5 or 6, although this varies between, and
sometimes within, countries. Globally, around 70% of primary-age children are enrolled in primary education and this
proportion is rising.
In most contemporary educational systems of the world, secondary education consists of the second years of
formal education that occur during adolescence. It is characterized by transition from the typically compulsory,
comprehensive primary education for minors, to the optional, selective tertiary, or "higher" education (e.g., university,
vocational school) for adults.
Based on the passage, the word "conduct" in line 1 means ....
A. manner
B. model
C. control
D. principle
E. management
No. 3
Education includes both the teaching and learning of knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency. It thus
focuses on the cultivation of skills, trades or professions, as well as mental, moral, and aesthetic development. Formal
education consists of systematic instruction, teaching, and training by professional teachers. This consists of the
application of pedagogy and the development of curricula.
Educational systems are established to provide education and training, often for children and the young. A
curriculum de nes what students should know, understand, and be able to do as the result of education. A teaching
profession delivers teaching which enables learning, and a system of policies, regulations, examinations, structures, and
funding enables teachers to teach to the best of their abilities. Sometimes educational systems can be used to promote
doctrines or ideals as well as knowledge, which is known as social engineering. This can lead to political abuse of the
system, particularly in totalitarian states and governments.
Primary (or elementary) education consists of the rst years of formal, structured education. In general, primary
education consists of six or seven years of schooling starting at the age of 5 or 6, although this varies between, and
sometimes within, countries. Globally, around 70% of primary-age children are enrolled in primary education and this
proportion is rising.
In most contemporary educational systems of the world, secondary education consists of the second years of
formal education that occur during adolescence. It is characterized by transition from the typically compulsory,
comprehensive primary education for minors, to the optional, selective tertiary, or "higher" education (e.g., university,
vocational school) for adults.
One function of education which can be wrongly practiced is referred to as ....
A. social engineering
B. higher education
C. political abuse
D. policy making
E. primary education
No. 4
The integration of technology and media can enhance early childhood practice. Successful integration of
technology and media into early childhood programs involves the use of resources such as computers and the internet in
daily classroom practices. True integration occurs when the use of technology and media becomes routine and transparent
—when the focus of a child or educator is on the activity or exploration itself and not on the technology or media being
used. Technology integration has been successful when the use of technology and media support the goals of educators
and programs for children provides children with digital tools for learning and communicating and helps improve child
outcomes.
As the lives of children, parents, families, and educators are infused with technology and media, early childhood
classrooms can bene t from the possibilities of extending children’s learning through judicious use of these tools. As part of
the overall classroom plan, technology and interactive media should be used in ways that support existing classroom
developmental and educational goals rather than in ways that distort or replace them. For example, drawing on a touch
screen can add to children’s graphic representational experiences; manipulating colorful acetate shapes on a light table
allows children to explore color and shape.
By focusing on technology and interactive media as tools—not as ends in and of themselves—teachers can avoid
the passive and potentially harmful use of non-interactive, linear screen media that is inappropriate in early childhood
settings. Intentionality is a key to developmentally appropriate use.
Exciting new resources in today’s technology-rich world represent the next frontier in digital learning for our
youngest citizens, leaving it to talented educators and caring adults to determine how best to leverage each new
technology as an opportunity for children’s learning in ways that are developmentally appropriate.
How does the rst sentence relate to the other sentences in paragraph 1?
A. The other sentences in paragraph 1 explain further the kinds of integration of technology and media that can be of
bene ts to young learners.
B. The other sentences in paragraph 1 explain the impact of the integration of technology and media in early
education explained in the rst sentence.
C. The other sentences in paragraph 1 are examples of the use of technology in education.
D. The rst sentence contains information that is contrary to the information in the other sentences.
E. The other sentences vaguely support part of the statement in the rst sentence.
No. 5
outcomes.
The author would apparently agree that ....
A. successful integration of technology and media is determined by the quality of the computers and the connection
of the internet
B. the integration of technology and media occurs when the teacher focuses only on the technology itself
C. the successful integration of technology and media in early childhood education really depends on good educators.
D. educators should be selective in choosing educational goals to be integrated with the use of technology and media.
E. both passive and interactive uses of technology and media are needed as a key to successful learning in early
childhood settings
No. 6
outcomes.
The author holds an assumption that ....
A. the interactive media as a learning tool should be used to replace the existing classroom practice
B. the successful integration of new technology in education requires helpful and good teachers
C. the bene ts of technology and media childhood classrooms can be achieved by decreasing the use of those tools in
teaching and learning
D. manipulating the colorful shapes to explore color and shapes using technology is the best way to develop
interactive learning
E. the use of paints, markers, crayons, and other graphic art materials should be replaced by the integration of
technology and media
No. 7
outcomes.
Which paragraph(s) explain(s) the importance of using technology and media wisely so that it can support existing
classroom practice?
A. 1
B. 2 and 3
C. 2 and 4
D. 3 and 4
E. 4
No.
8
The green movement is catching on in many pockets of the world. This is especially true in the construction industry.
Today’s buzz words, which include global warming and zero-emission, are causing everyday people to look for ways to
reduce their carbon footprint. Purchasing environmentally-friendly property is a good investment for those who are
concerned about their own health and the well-being of the earth. Based on this trend, entire districts, known as eco-
communities, are being designed with green initiatives in mind. Dockside Green in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada is
one of these communities. Its goal is to become the world’s rst zero-emissions neighborhood.
Builders of Dockside Green have the environment in mind with every choice they make. They ensure proper
ventilation and guarantee residents 100% fresh indoor air. Interior and exterior building materials, such as paints and
wood, are natural and non-toxic. Eco-conscious builders use bamboo wherever possible because it is durable and does not
require pesticides to grow.
Energy ef ciency is one of the top priorities in eco-communities, such as Dockside Green. Not only do energy-
ef cient appliances and light xtures reduce the environmental impact of heating and hot water, but they also save
residents and business owners money. Dockside Green claims that homeowners will use 55% less energy than average
residents in Canada. Though they are sharing space by investing in condo-style living, residents will have individual utility
meters. Studies show that people use approximately 20% less energy when they are billed for exactly what they use. In
addition, water is treated at Dockside Green and reused on-site for ushing toilets.
Planners of eco-communities such as Dockside Green must take the future into account. Dockside Green will reuse
90% of its construction waste. They also plan to continue using local suppliers for all of their transport and maintenance
needs. This is a great way to reduce emissions. Dockside residents will be encouraged to make use of a mini-transit
system and buy into the community’s car share program. Finally, plans are in the works for a high-tech heating system
that will use renewable biomass instead of fossil fuels.
By saying "Today's buzz words, which include global warming and zero emissions, are causing everyday people to look for
ways to reduce their carbon footprint," in lines 1-3, the author implies that ....
A. environmental issues have made people more cautious of their actions

B. global warming and zero emissions become everyone's concern
C. people have to take care of their greenhouses carefully
D. eco-friendly environmental programs should be strongly enforced
E. all people around the world are aware of global warming
No. 9
The green movement is catching on in many pockets of the world. This is especially true in the construction industry.
Today’s buzz words, which include global warming and zero-emission, are causing everyday people to look for ways to
reduce their carbon footprint. Purchasing environmentally-friendly property is a good investment for those who are
Which of the following best restates the sentence The green movement is catching on in many pockets of the world. in line
1?
A. Many people consider it crucial to have eco-friendly environments.

B. People who are aware of environmental issues love safe and healthy surroundings.
C. House designers should consider the importance of green materials.
D. Everyone should understand the effect of global warming and zero emissions well.
E. Environmentalists are concerned with the green environment.
The green movement is catching on in many pockets of the world. This is especially true in the construction
industry. Today’s buzz words, which include global warming and zero-emission, are causing everyday people to look for
ways to reduce their carbon footprint. Purchasing environmentally-friendly property is a good investment for those who are
No. 10
The false idea that the author may hold about Dockside Green is that ....
A. it provides all eco-friendly properties

B. it is a good asset to buy a property in it
C. it encourages all houses to utilize ef cient energy
D. it reduces global warming and emissions
E. it is where more natural livings can exist
No. 11
The author organizes the ideas in the passage by ....
A. describing a new housing trend and providing a detailed example

B. discussing an environmental issue and providing ways to solve the issue
C. identifying a community problem and discussing possible solutions to the problem
D. explaining an environmentally friendly initiative and discussing the impacts of the initiative
E. establishing a new community initiative that is eco-friendly and explaining the ideas behind the initiative
Halaman 9
Link pembahasan soal zenius.net
The explanation shows that life condition is becoming more and more unconducive for good-quality life.
Therefore, today more people than ever are looking for ways to improve their health, increase energy, reduce stress,
restore or enhance functionality, relieve aches and pains, balance emotions, and sharpen mental focus. Because of the
demands of modern life, most people want those ways to be relatively simple and not time-consuming. If you still have
not
found something to t your needs, you may want to consider Chinese healing exercises.
Chinese healing exercises make up a branch of Chinese medicine. It is almost never taught as a separate system of
healing. Rather, it is used in many practices you probably recognize. Some are part of the oldest of Chinese medical
practices, including acupressure and tuina, a type of Chinese massage therapy. Others have their origins in ancient self-
healing or spiritual practices, such as Chinese forms of yoga and meditation. They are routinely taught together with more
detailed and complex practices, such as taiji (t’ai chi) qigong (chi gong), and other advanced medical, spiritual, or martial
practices. They are intended to prepare a student for those more demanding disciplines. They are also conducted as
adjunctive exercises that can make some aspects of the main practices easier to perform. Some sources are less well
known in the west, like medical qigong and paidagong. They are tapping and patting techniques used to break up qi
blockages.
Qi is life force and is responsible for all healthy functionality, animation, vitality, emotional balance, and mental
clarity. Chinese exercises have a uniquely positive impact on all those qualities. Chinese healing exercises can amplify the
bene ts from Taiji or qigong if you already have such a practice. In that context, they will open targeted areas of physical
or energetic restriction, deepen your sensitivity to qi sensations, and increase qi ow. They root you more securely, thereby
improving your overall performance.
Adapted from:llewellyn.com
No. 12
The author's attitude towards the topic in the passage is ....
A. critical
B. positive
C. skeptical
D. doubtful
E. realistic
No. 13
What topic does the paragraph preceding the passage most likely discuss?
A. good-quality life
B. health improvements
C. sharpening mental condition
D. ways to increase body energy
E. adverse life condition
No. 14
What is the best summary of the passage?
A. People are encouraged to do Chinese healing exercises because they provide many bene ts for people’s lives and
cost very low. Moreover, these exercises do not require special equipment, sports gear, and apparel.
B. While some types of Chinese healing exercises have been considered useful, some others still need further
research-based justi cation. These exercises tend to be more detailed and complex, thus they demand much
higher skills from people who want to practice them.
C. Despite many bene ts provided by Chinese healing exercises, they are not so popular among people seeking for
alternative medical treatments. This is because they are not aware of the advantages those exercises have.
D. Chinese healing exercises can be a good option for those who want to improve their quality of life. These exercises
include acupressure, tuina, taiji, qigong, and other medical, spiritual, and self-defense practices, which may
promote overall functionality of a person’s well-being.
E. Chinese healing exercises are becoming more and more popular as many bene ts are associated with them.
Furthermore, the variations in the alternative treatment are quite interesting and complex.
No. 15
It can be predicted from the passage that ....
A. the more people do Chinese healing exercises, the longer time they need to master other advanced medical,
spiritual, or martial practices
B. the more people do Chinese advanced medical, spiritual, or martial practices, the less they need to do Chinese
healing exercise
C. the more people do Chinese healing exercises, the worse they will be in other advanced medical, spiritual, or
martial practices
D. the more people do Chinese healing exercises, the better their overall health will be
E. the more people do Chinese healing exercises, the more simple their life will be
[1] Nowadays, our lives are practically dependent on Information Communications Technology (ICT). Data from the
Communications and Information Ministry shows that Internet users in Indonesia increased from 74 million people in 2013
to 111 million in 2014. In Indonesia, the Internet burst has been mainly used for accessing social media. Indonesia ranked
third among countries with the highest number of Facebook users, below the U.S. and India.
[2] The popularity of the Internet and social media, unfortunately, has not extended to the education sector. ICT has not
become a backbone for improving the country’s competitiveness through education. The Ministry of Education and Culture
recorded that only about 50 percent of the 234,919 primary and secondary schools in Indonesia had access to the Internet
in mid-2014.
[3] Advancement of ICT should ideally be able to revolutionize education. Technology brings new sources of learning
beyond teachers. Moreover, the divide between students and subjects is further narrowed by the availability of educational
content through ICT. A revolution in education is also possible through ICT as students can learn at the appropriate speed
according to their capacity. Interactive digital content allows students to pick particular topics that they want to explore
more. In a nutshell, there is a democratization of the learning process.
[4] Unfortunately, it is still a long road to revolutionize education in Indonesia through ICT. In addition to building
technology infrastructure across the country’s island, ICT literacy for teachers, parents, and students is also of importance.
Without it, we are constrained from reaping the full bene ts of ICT in education.
source: thejakartapost.com (with modi cations)
No. 16
What does the passage mainly deal with?
A. access to ICT for Indonesian students

B. the positive impact of ICT on modern life
C. the use of ICT in education
D. the bene ts of ICT for life
E. ICT and modern life
No. 17
Based on the passage, the word burst in rst paragraph means ....
A. penetration
B. connection
C. presence
D. bene t
E. device
No. 18
Nowadays, our lives are practically dependent on Information Communications Technology (ICT). Data from the
Communications and Information Ministry shows that Internet users in Indonesia increased from 74 million people in 2013
to 111 million in 2014. In Indonesia, the Internet burst has been mainly used for accessing social media. Indonesia ranked
third among countries with the highest number of Facebook users, below the U.S and India.
The popularity of the Internet and social media, unfortunately, has not extended to the education sector. ICT has
not become a backbone for improving the country’s competitiveness through education. The Ministry of Education and
Culture recorded that only about 50 percent of the 234,919 primary and secondary schools in Indonesia had access to the
Internet in mid-2014.
Advancement of ICT should ideally be able to revolutionize education. Technology brings new sources of learning
beyond teachers. Moreover, the divide between students and subjects is further narrowed by the availability of educational
content through ICT. A revolution in education is also possible through ICT as students can learn at the appropriate speed
according to their capacity. Interactive digital content allows students to pick particular topics that they want to explore
more. In a nutshell, there is a democratization of the learning process.
Unfortunately, it is still a long road to revolutionize education in Indonesia through ICT. In addition to building
technology infrastructure across the country’s island, ICT literacy for teachers, parents, and students is also of importance.
Without it, we are constrained from reaping the full bene ts of ICT in education.
source: thejakartapost.com (with modi cations)
What word in the passage gives the idea that tecnology provides students with freedom to use varied learning resources?
A. democratization
B. competitiveness
C. revolution
D. advancement
E. importance
Most people would agree with the de nition of good health as being a state where you are free from sickness.
Despite this, there are many different opinions about how a person can actually have good health. People used to only
think of their health when they were sick. But these days more and more people are taking measures to make sure that
they do not get sick in the rst place. In this article, I will describe a few of the most common things that you can do to
stay
healthy.
One of the best things you can do for your body is exercise. But how much is enough? Not everyone agrees on
exactly how much people should exercise each day. Some people think that doing simple things like cleaning the house is
helpful. Other people do heavy exercise every day such as running or swimming. One thing experts do agree on is that any
kind of exercise is good for you.
Along with exercise, having a healthy diet can help promote good health. Foods like vegetables and fruits should be
eaten several times each day. It is also important to eat foods high in ber such as beans, grains, fruit, and vegetables.
Fiber helps your body to digest the food you eat. It also helps your body in other ways such as decreasing the chance of
getting some cancers, heart disease, and diabetes. Avoiding foods with a lot of sugar, salt and fat is a good idea.
In today’s modem world, we all have some level of stress in our lives. Different things cause stress for different
people. Money problems, work, and relationships with other people can all cause stress. Instead of trying to remove stress,
people need to be aware of what causes them and nd ways to reduce the impact that stress has on their lives.
There are several ways to ght against stress in your life. Exercise and sports are a great way to reduce stress.
Other activities like Tai Chi, yoga or taking a walk also help reduce stress. Changing the way you think can also reduce
stress. Try living for now, and do not worry about the future.
No. 19
The author’s attitude regarding good health in the passage is ....
A. pessimistic
B. assertive
C. objective
D. responsive
E. reactive
No. 20
What topic does the paragraph following the passage most likely discuss?
A. how to educate people about stress

B. kinds of sports to reduce stress
C. eating healthy foods to avoid stress
D. how peaceful mind helps relieve stress
E. different types and levels of stress
No. 21
stay healthy.
What is the best summary of the passage?
A. Doing physical exercises and maintaining healthy diet can effectively lead to a better life. Avoiding too much stress
in life is another important measure to take.
B. Eating good food makes us healthier and more balanced. With lots of bers in food, we can easily ght cancer-
including agents.
C. Critical thinking makes us stressed and uncontrolled. This will eventually erode our well-being and in the long
run posing us to serious illness.
D. To stay healthy, one should spend a lot of money on good food and going to the tness center for well-controlled
sports. This is also a way to reduce stress.
E. The way we think about life, food, sports and relationships determine the level of stress we have. We have
to control our mind to stay healthy.
No. 22
stay healthy.
It can be hypothesized from the passage that ....
A. the more we eat, the little risk we will suffer from sickness
B. the younger we are, the more likely we will get stress
C. the more varied the exercise we do, the healthier we will be
D. the less physical exercise we do, the more likely we will get sick
E. the more problems we face, the farther we are from being healthy

Halaman 16
soal/
In today's economy, vocational jobs are becoming more and more important. This is why vocational education
programs are popular. Vocational education training provides career and technical education to interested students. These
students are prepared as trainees for jobs that are based upon manual or practical elds or jobs that are related to speci c
trades, occupations, and vocations.
Instructors teach students the knowledge required for their eld. Community colleges have long been offering
vocational education. These colleges around the country provide certi cates in various vocational elds. They also offer
certain degree programs that focus on some popular occupations. The vocational eld expands each year to include new
elds.
The training for vocational jobs requires less education than four-year degree programs. They are also much less
expensive. Instructors at this level of education use traditional methods of teaching. They use lesson plans, teacher
resources, worksheets, and other tools in this process. One difference from other education programs is the on-the-job
training component. Many students will have the opportunity to work in their eld while being educated. Some will be
accepted into valuable apprenticeship programs. Some of the jobs in vocational elds include construction workers,
blacksmiths, and steel workers. Today, there are other great choices for vocational jobs. These include retail, tourism, and
cosmetology. Also, there are some portions of the information technology eld taught. This allows students to decide from
a variety of career choices.
The retail eld is one of those growing career opportunities. Workers can start as trainees and then reach a
management position. Most retail companies have their own training programs for speci c jobs. These make retail even
more welcoming to new employees. Tourism is also a great eld to consider in the vocational eld. This area includes
planning trips to being a tour guide.
No. 1
A. Ini adalah teks review

B. Ini adalah teks review
No. 2
What is the topic of the passage?
A. jobs based upon manual or practical elds

B. increased opportunities for a vocational career
C. vocational education for vocational jobs
D. variety of choices of vocational jobs
E. training programs for vocational jobs
No. 3
The word "manual" in paragraph 1 means ....
A. hand-operated
B. customary
C. doable
D. habitual
E. concrete
No. 4
The following statements are true based on the passage, except ....
A. tourism is a potential eld in vocational education

B. every year new areas of vocational education are developed
C. on-the-job training is a typical component of vocational education programs
D. retail companies open new opportunities for vocational jobs
E. nowadays young people prefer practical jobs
No. 5
The applications, games, and websites that are promoted as 'educational' are not always the best ones for
supporting learning. The fact that they are interactive does not necessarily mean that they are much better than an old-
fashioned workbook with it's right and wrong answers. Children may enjoy these products for a while but then get a bit
bored. Thus, they are not the most appropriate or engaging way to learn.
Treat so-called 'free' applications with caution. Some will expose your child to advertisements. Others are designed
to wait until your child is engaged in a game or storyline and then demand payment before they can go any further. This
can lead to frustration as young children do not understand why they cannot continue. Sometimes it is better to make a
small payment in advance if the application promises no further purchases. However, some applications are free to
download and completely free of advertisements or in-app purchases. Choosing an app needs the same kind of thought
and care you would put into buying anything else for your child. Do not rely only on the star rating. Instead, read the user
reviews and check the privacy policy if you are worried about the personal information that the app might be collecting. If
you want your child to enjoy learning, develop curiosity, and think about things creatively, provide them with a range of
games and apps. Open-ended games have become progressively more challenging and encourage children to explore
and have fun. They are, therefore, more likely to establish a love of learning and to lay the foundation for their future
development.
Physical activity, reading, and other more 'traditional' activities continue to play a very important part in children's
development. But, most parents do rely on screen devices from time to time to engage their child while they are busy with
something else. This is not a problem in itself, just as long as children's time is made up of a balanced range of activities.
The author reminds readers to be more careful with commerciallsm in free applications in paragraph (s) ....
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 1 and 4
E. 2 and 3
No. 6
(1) The applications, games, and websites that are promoted as 'educational' are not always the best ones for
supporting learning. (2) The fact that they are interactive does not necessarily mean that they are much better than an old-
fashioned workbook with it's right and wrong answers. (3) Children may enjoy these products for a while but then get a bit
bored. (4) Thus, they are not the most appropriate or engaging way to learn.
(5) Treat so-called 'free' applications with caution. (6) Some will expose your child to advertisements. (7) Others are
designed to wait until your child is engaged in a game or storyline and then demand payment before they can go any
further. (8) This can lead to frustration as young children do not understand why they cannot continue. (9) Sometimes it is
better to make a small payment in advance if the application promises no further purchases. (10) However, some
applications are free to download and completely free of advertisements or in-app purchases. (11) Choosing an app needs
the same kind of thought and care you would put into buying anything else for your child. (12) Do not rely only on the star
rating. (13) Instead, read the user reviews and check the privacy policy if you are worried about the personal information
that the app might be collecting. (14) If you want your child to enjoy learning, develop curiosity, and think about things
creatively, provide them with a range of games and apps. (15) Open-ended games have become progressively more
challenging and encourage children to explore and have fun. (16) They are, therefore, more likely to establish a love of
learning and to lay the foundation for their future development.
(17) Physical activity, reading, and other more 'traditional' activities continue to play a very important part in
children's development. (18) But, most parents do rely on screen devices from time to time to engage their child while they
are busy with something else. (19) This is not a problem in itself, just as long as children's time is made up of a balanced
range of activities.
How does the idea in sentence 6 relate to the other ideas in paragraph 2?
A. sentence 6 elaborates the other ideas in paragraph 2

B. sentence 6 is the result of the other ideas in paragraph 2
C. sentence 6 strongly contradicts the other ideas in paragraph 2
D. sentence 6 is the implementation of the theory discussed in paragraph 2
E. sentence 6 provides another type of free applications discussed in paragraph 2
No. 7
(1) The applications, games, and websites that are promoted as 'educational' are not always the best ones for supporting
learning. (2) The fact that they are interactive does not necessarily mean that they are much better than an old-fashioned
workbook with its right and wrong answers. (3) Children may enjoy these products for a while but then get a bit bored. (4)
Thus, they are not the most appropriate or engaging way to learn.
(5) Treat so-called 'free' applications with caution. (6) Some will expose your child to advertisements. (7) Others are
designed to wait until your child is engaged in a game or storyline and then demand payment before they can go any
further. (8) This can lead to frustration as young children do not understand why they cannot continue. (9) Sometimes it is
better to make a small payment in advance if the application promises no further purchases. (10) However, some
applications are free to download and completely free of advertisements or in-app purchases.
(11) Choosing an app needs the same kind of thought and care you would put into buying anything else for your child. (12)
Do not rely only on the star rating. (13) Instead, read the user reviews and check the privacy policy if you are worried about
the personal information that the app might be collecting. (14) If you want your child to enjoy learning, develop curiosity,
and think about things creatively, provide them with a range of games and apps. (15) Open-ended games have become
progressively more challenging and encourage children to explore and have fun. (16) They are, therefore, more likely to
establish a love of learning and to lay the foundation for their future development.
(17) Physical activity, reading, and other more 'traditional' activities continue to play a very important part in children's
development. (18) But, most parents do rely on screen devices from time to time to engage their child while they are busy
with something else. (19) This is not a problem in itself, just as long as children's time is made up of a balanced range of
activities.
The author would apparently agree that ....
A. open-ended games can stimulate children's love for learning

B. some games and applications are boring because they are too easy
C. there is no convincing prediction for the future of the games and apps
D. it is better to pay for games in advance so that children can learn freely
E. apps star rating provides users with reviews on the good things of games and apps
No.
8
The applications, games, and websites that are promoted as 'educational' are not always the best ones for
supporting learning. The fact that they are interactive does not necessarily mean that they are much better than an old-
fashioned workbook with it's right and wrong answers. Children may enjoy these products for a while but then get a bit
bored. Thus, they are not the most appropriate or engaging way to learn.
Treat so-called 'free' applications with caution. Some will expose your child to advertisements. Others are designed
to wait until your child is engaged in a game or storyline and then demand payment before they can go any further. This
can lead to frustration as young children do not understand why they cannot continue. Sometimes it is better to make a
small payment in advance if the application promises no further purchases. However, some applications are free to
download and completely free of advertisements or in-app purchases. Choosing an app needs the same kind of thought
and care you would put into buying anything else for your child. Do not rely only on the star rating. Instead, read the user
reviews and check the privacy policy if you are worried about the personal information that the app might be collecting. If
you want your child to enjoy learning, develop curiosity, and think about things creatively, provide them with a range of
games and apps. Open-ended games have become progressively more challenging and encourage children to explore
and have fun. They are, therefore, more likely to establish a love of learning and to lay the foundation for their future
development.
Physical activity, reading, and other more 'traditional' activities continue to play a very important part in children's
development. But, most parents do rely on screen devices from time to time to engage their child while they are busy with
something else. This is not a problem in itself, just as long as children's time is made up of a balanced range of activities.
Regarding busy parents' reliance on screen devices to help keep their children entertained, the author assumes that ....
A. it is the parents' responsibility to make their children less engaged with screen devices
B. children whose parents are busy with their activities must use screen devices less
C. parents need to be aware of their children's need for varied activities
D. such parents' reliance is acceptable as long as the children are given the right proportion of other activities
E. it is not tolerable as their children need to have more physical activities
The latest round in an ongoing debate over global-warming trends claims that warming has indeed slowed down
this century. An obvious slowing in the rise of global temperatures was recorded at the beginning of the twenty- rst
century. This was referred to as a "hiatus" or a "pause". This hiatus was rst observed several years ago. Climate-change
skeptics have used this as evidence that global warming has stopped permanently. But in June last year, a study in science
claimed that the hiatus was just an artifact which disappears when biases in temperature data are corrected.
Now a prominent group of researchers is countering that claim. They argue in Nature Climate Change that even
after correcting these biases the slowdown was real. "There is this mismatch between what the climate models are
producing and what the observations are showing," says lead author John Fyfe. Fyfe is a climate modeler at the Canadian
Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis in Victoria. "We can't ignore it." Fyfe uses the term "slowdown" rather than
"hiatus". He also stresses that it does not in any way weaken global-warming theory.
The debate turns in part around statistics on temperature trends. The study that questioned the existence of the
slowdown corrected known biases in the surface temperature record maintained by the US National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The nding showed differences in temperature readings from ships and buoys. This
effectively increased the record of warming. The researchers also extended the record to include 2014. This set a new
record high for average temperatures.
Thomas Karl, director of National Centers for Environmental Information in Asheville, calculated the rate of global
warming between 1950 and 1999 as being 0.113°C per decade. This was similar to the 0.116°C a decade calculated for
2000-14. This, Karl said, meant that an assessment done by the in uential Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in
2013 showing that warming had slowed was no longer valid. Therefore, it can be concluded that global warming is a
fabricated issue.
No. 9
Which of the following best restates the sentence "Climate-change skeptics have used this as evidence that global
warming has stopped" in lines 7-9?
A. climate-change believers have used global warming as evidence to stop this

B. this has been used as a proof by climate-change disbelievers to claim that global warming has come to an end
C. that global warming has come to an end has been used by climate change believers as a proof
D. this has been exploited by climate-change disbelievers as a proof to stop global warming
E. this can be used as evidence to stop climate change disbelievers
No. 10
How does the author organize paragraph 2?
A. a claim is followed by a description about this claim

B. a claim is followed by contrasting arguments about it
C. a claim is followed by quotations from an expert
D. a problem is followed by some solutions
E. a cause is followed by several effects
No. 11
The latest round in an ongoing debate over global-warming trends claims that warming has indeed slowed down this
century. An obvious slowing in the rise of global temperatures was recorded at the beginning of the twenty- rst century.
This was referred to as a "hiatus" or a "pause". This hiatus was rst observed several years ago. Climate-change skeptics
have used this as evidence that global warming has stopped permanently. But in June last year, a study in science claimed
that the hiatus was just an artifact which disappears when biases in temperature data are corrected.
Now a prominent group of researchers is countering that claim. They argue in Nature Climate Change that even after
correcting these biases the slowdown was real. "There is this mismatch between what the climate models are producing
and what the observations are showing," says lead author John Fyfe. Fyfe is a climate modeler at the Canadian Centre for
Climate Modeling and Analysis in Victoria. "We can't ignore it." Fyfe uses the term "slowdown" rather than "hiatus". He also
stresses that it does not in any way weaken global-warming theory.
The debate turns in part around statistics on temperature trends. The study that questioned the existence of the slowdown
corrected known biases in the surface temperature record maintained by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA). The nding showed differences in temperature readings from ships and buoys. This effectively
increased the record of warming. The researchers also extended the record to include 2014. This set a new record high for
average temperatures.
fabricated issue.
It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that John Fyfe is ....
A. a disbeliever of hiatus theory

B. a proponent of climate change
C. an opponent of climate change
D. a model at the Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis
E. a debater at the Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis
No. 12
The latest round in an ongoing debate over global-warming trends claims that warming has indeed slowed down
this century. An obvious slowing in the rise of global temperatures was recorded at the beginning of the twenty- rst
century. This was referred to as a "hiatus" or a "pause". This hiatus was rst observed several years ago. Climate-change
skeptics have used this as evidence that global warming has stopped permanently. But in June last year, a study in science
claimed that the hiatus was just an artifact which disappears when biases in temperature data are corrected.
Now a prominent group of researchers is countering that claim. They argue in Nature Climate Change that even
after correcting these biases the slowdown was real. "There is this mismatch between what the climate models are
producing and what the observations are showing," says lead author John Fyfe. Fyfe is a climate modeler at the Canadian
Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis in Victoria. "We can't ignore it." Fyfe uses the term "slowdown" rather than
"hiatus". He also stresses that it does not in any way weaken global-warming theory.
The debate turns in part around statistics on temperature trends. The study that questioned the existence of the
slowdown corrected known biases in the surface temperature record maintained by the US National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The nding showed differences in temperature readings from ships and buoys. This
effectively increased the record of warming. The researchers also extended the record to include 2014. This set a new
record high for average temperatures.
fabricated issue.
Which of the following obviously shows the author's false idea?
A. An obvious slowing in the rise of global temperatures was recorded at the beginning of the twenty- rst century
B. Fyfe is a climate modeler at the Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis in Victoria
C. The nding showed differences in temperature readings from ships and buoys
D. Thomas Karl calculated the rate of global warming between 1950 and 1999 as being 0.113 °C per decade
E. It can be concluded that global warming is a fabricated issue
Young people have put the spotlight on mental health in Mission Australia’s Youth Survey this year, naming it as
one of the top three issues facing Australia. The survey found concerns about mental health across the country that have
doubled alarmingly since 2011. About 22,000 young people aged 15 to 19 took part in the survey and more than 20 percent
cited mental health as among their top national issues. Alcohol and drugs were cited as their top concerns, followed by
equity and discrimination.
Mission Australia chief executive Catherine Yeomans said concerns about mental health were at their highest level
in the survey’s 15-year history. “If young people are telling us that they think this is one of the top three concerns facing the
nation, then we should sit up and pay attention and we should think about whether we’ve got the right responses in place,”
she said. “Let’s look at the issues and put in programs that are going to support young people.”
The results did not surprise 19-year-old Savannah van der Veer, who has managed depression and obsessive-
compulsive disorder for more than a decade. “People don’t take you seriously, they just assume all children are kind of
moody and unusual–they do strange things that don’t make sense,” she said. “But I was really suffering and I didn’t really
know how to talk about it and I didn’t really know that what was happening to me wasn’t normal.” Miss van der Veer said
she turned to her mother and counselors for support.
Youth mental health group Batyr held more than 150 workshops in Australian high schools last year. The program is
facilitated by young people who have experienced mental health issues. “What our programs are designed to do is to make
it OK to not be OK–to show young people that there are people out there like them who are suffering and going through
tough times but that we can talk about it as a group,” chief executive Sam Refshauge said. The sessions incorporate music
and activities to shift the negative stigma around mental health issues.
No. 13
What topic does the paragraph preceding the passage most likely discuss?
A. alcohol and drugs

B. the mental health of adults
C. equity and discrimination
D. mission Australia’s Youth Survey
E. mental problems faced by Australians
No. 14
What is the author's attitude toward the topic of the passage?
A. concerned
B. ignorant
C. pessimistic
D. doubtful
E. critical
No. 15
Based on the passage, young people will understand their own mental health condition If ....
A. high school programs prioritize social welfare

B. workshops on mental health are effectively conducted
C. their family and school consider mental disorder seriously
D. more research on mental health reveals the roots
E. mental health becomes a school subject
Halaman 9
No. 16
Which of the following is the best summary of the passage?
A. A survey this year named mental health as the second top issue in Australia. The rst top issue was alcohol and
drugs, while the third one was equity and discrimination.
B. Unlike what most people believe, mental health is a serious issue for Australians. The government has quickly
reacted to a survey result and provided free counseling for everyone who needs professional help.
C. Youth mental health workshops are held in 150 high schools. The workshops are facilitated by teenagers who have
recovered from mental health problems so that participants with mental health issues can relate with them well.
D. Mental health has become a main issue for Australian teenagers according to a survey this year. This problem
receives serious attention, and youth mental health programs are held in Australian high schools to support young
people.
E. While many people did not expect it, mental health apparently became a signi cant problem in Australia. In
particular, many teenagers suffer from depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Therefore, they need help
from their family and school.
Halaman 10
8
pembahasan soal ini (versi video) di dengan masukin kode 002014 lewat
ke search box. Tapi, biar ya!mantep ngerjain soal dan ngerti pembahasannya, tonton dulu nih materi konsepnya yang
lebih
soal/
Just west of Toronto last summer, startled biologists counted more than 20,000 gold sh in a single urban stormwater pond
the size of two basketball courts. And the sh, probably descended from dumped pets, were thriving numerically—some
had even grown into three-pound behemoths. Cities around North America have increasingly been building stormwater
ponds in the past 40 years to capture rain and runoff, and invasive gold sh are ourishing in thousands of them.
(1) The stormwater ponds are harsh and unstable as the oxygen is low and water levels uctuate frequently with rainfall.
(2) Yet, gold sh have evolved a special metabolic system that can sometimes enable them to survive up to ve months
without oxygen. (3) Through this destructive behavior, gold sh engineer their habitat in ways that make it worse for other
species that catch prey by sight or depend on sunlight. (4) This makes scientists worry that this latter ability will give gold sh
a competitive advantage over native species as global warming causes oxygen levels in lakes and rivers to decrease.
(1) As the concern about these potential super invaders grows, there has to be some prevention measures to manage
them. (2) For example, signs could be placed around ponds to advise sh owners to return unwanted pets to the store or
give them to a friend instead of dumping them. (3) Beyond this public messaging, land developers and engineers may
want to reconsider stormwater pond design to keep out gold sh and other invasive species. (4) This might include building
barriers between ponds and adjacent waterways or stocking ponds with gold sh predators such as largemouth bass, which
are already native to the areas involved.
Scientists are hoping to better understand the threat in order to protect the downstream native sh nurseries and
wetlands. Until then, all stakeholders must do their part to make sure that the gold sh don’t get into the wild.
Adapted from scienti camerican.com (with modi cations)
No. 1
What is true about the invading gold sh discussed in the text?
A. They have been invading the stormwater ponds in North America within the past 40 years.
B. Not only did the invading gold sh grow in number, some of them also grew in size.
C. Within summer last year, a stormwater pond in Toronto had accumulated about 20,000 gold sh
D. Most gold sh evolved to withstand uctuating water levels and ve months without oxygen
E. Engineers should not populate ponds with largemouth bass to keep the gold sh thriving
No. 2
Which of the following sentences is irrelevant to paragraph 2?
A. (1)
B. (2)
C. (3)
D. (4)
E. All of the sentences are relevant.
8
No. 3
“Through this destructive behavior, gold sh engineer their habitat in ways that make it worse for other species that catch
prey by sight or depend on sunlight.”
Which of the following best restates the above statement?
A. Other species that catch prey depending on sunlight have their habitat torn down due to the destructive behavior
of the gold sh
B. An engineer specializing in creating habitat for gold sh often makes it worse for other species that catch prey by
sight through harmful behaviors
C. The gold sh create their habitat through destructive behavior in order to make other weaker species not able to
catch prey or get any sunlight
D. Other species that catch prey by sight or depend on sunlight have a harder time as gold sh design their habitat
through this harmful behavior.
E. Gold sh destructively create their habitat after making things worse for other species that catch prey by sight or
depend on sunlight.
No. 4
What is the relationship between sentence (3) “Beyond this…” and (4) “This might..” in paragraph 3?
A. Sentence (4) shows the conditions the idea in sentence (3) is possible.
B. Sentence (4) shows possible effects of the idea stated in sentence (3).
C. Sentence (4) provides background for the suggestion in sentence (3).
D. Sentence (4) disagrees with the possibility presented in sentence (3).
E. Sentence (4) provides examples for the suggestion in sentence (3).
No. 5
As the concern about these potential super invaders grows, there has to be some prevention measures to manage them.
Which of the following uses the word “as” most similarly to the statement above?
A. I want to live as someone who doesn’t know how to be afraid of anyone.

B. Ten suddenly arrived home as we were leaving for the midnight screening
C. Yuta was appointed as a member of the people's representative in N City
D. As I expected, nobody cares about what the poor and needy think in this country
E. As Mark gets more popular, he has a harder time managing his priorities.
8
Human-induced climate change is causing dangerous and widespread disruption in nature and affecting the lives
of billions of people around the world, despite efforts to reduce the risks. People and ecosystems least able to cope are
being hardest hit, said scientists in the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, released today. The
world faces unavoidable multiple climate hazards over the next two decades with global warming of 1.5 °C (2.7 °F). Risks
for society will increase, including to infrastructure and low-lying coastal settlements.
Increased heat waves, droughts, and oods are already exceeding plants' and animals' tolerance thresholds,
driving mass mortalities in species such as trees and corals. These weather extremes are occurring simultaneously, causing
cascading impacts that are increasingly dif cult to manage. They have exposed millions of people to acute food and
water insecurity, especially in Africa, Asia, Central and South America, on Small Islands, and in the Arctic.
To avoid mounting loss of life, biodiversity and infrastructure, ambitious, accelerated action is required to adapt to
climate change, at the same time as making rapid, deep cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. So far, progress on adaptation
is uneven and there are increasing gaps between action taken and what is needed to deal with the increasing risks, the
new report nds. These gaps are largest among lower-income populations.
There are options to adapt to a changing climate. This report provides new insights into nature's potential not only
to reduce climate risks but also to improve people's lives.
"Healthy ecosystems are more resilient to climate change and provide life-critical services such as food and clean
water," said IPCC Working Group II Co-Chair, Hans-Otto Pörtner. "By restoring degraded ecosystems and effectively and
equitably conserving 30 to 50 percent of Earth's land, freshwater and ocean habitats, society can bene t from nature's
capacity to absorb and store carbon, and we can accelerate progress towards sustainable development, but adequate
nance and political support are essential."
source: sciencedaily.com
No. 6
What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To prove the ecosystems can adapt to climate change by conserving at least 30 to 50 percent of Earth’s land,
freshwater, and ocean habitats.
B. To show how it is almost impossible to manage the impacts of climate change in continents outside of Europe.
C. To raise awareness on how dangerous the rise of temperature is for food and water supplies and it can cause
hunger and poverty in many continents.
D. To ask the government to take action and ambitiously reduce the risks of climate change.
E. To inform people that climate change is dangerous, however, it’s still possible to adapt to the condition.
No. 7
From the passage above, we can infer that IPCC is ….
A. an organization made up of countries which are the members of the United Nations
B. an NGO consists of environmentalists working to create reports on climate change
C. an organization between governments which are responsible to raise awareness on climate change
D. a group of scientists studying climate change and its impact toward the human race
E. an eco-friendly group trying to reduce carbon emissions in the atmosphere as an impact of human activities
No. 8
From the passage we know if the temperature rises, ….
A. climate change would be unavoidable and it would impact society greatly

B. it will be hard to avoid the lost of life, biodiversity, and the destruction of infrastructure
C. people with low income have the highest possibility to survive the impacts of climate change
D. restoring 30 to 50 percents of land habitat would have been necessary
E. ambitious projects to cut greenhouse gas emission will surely fail
8
No. 9
“They have exposed millions of people to acute food and water insecurity.”
Which sentence best paraphrases the sentence above?
A. Insecurity is common among people who cannot access good quality food and water.
B. Inequality in actions taken to prevent climate change will cause food and water shortage.
C. Extreme weather has caused food and water scarcity for human beings.
D. Human greed will cause millions of people facing food and water shortages.
E. Poverty is the main reason why millions of people cannot access good quality food and water.
Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Set 01 Extended
Doc Name:002034 Soal Literasi dalam Bahasa Inggris - Version:202212151252
Set 01 Extended
soal/
This text is for question number 1 to 4.
The idea of transforming our economies and societies must have equity or justice at its center as the transition
from the current unsustainable patterns of production and consumption to a more sustainable system is bound to have
winners and losers. Advocates of climate justice take a human rights approach to sharing the costs and bene ts of
adjusting to climate change. By contrast, energy justice usually focuses on access to energy as a human right. And
environmental
justice emphasizes the agency of people and seeks to involve them in environmental decision making.
All three approaches touch on the political economy of a transition to more sustainable economies and societies.
Any just transition will be a delicate balancing act. The concept of a just transition is not merely a technical process of
moving from a fossil fuel–based to a low-carbon system, it is a political process. The status quo is not only disrupting
planetary processes but also perpetuating inequalities. With this in mind, green innovation alone would not suf ce to make
the transition happen in the rst place or to ensure that it is just. A just transition would require creating political coalitions
among social and environmental movements, minority groups, labor unions, people employed in the energy sectors and
engaged local communities.
[1] In a way, the idea of a just transition gets to the core of sustainability. [2] The aspiration of a transition to a
just and sustainable human environment has been discussed since at least the mid-1980s. [3] Rather than a xed state we
are aiming to reach, sustainability can be seen as a process of debate and inclusive deliberation. [4] This view of
sustainability as a process of exploring social, technological and environmental pathways recognizes that different
stakeholders view
sustainability in different ways and have diverging narratives about what is or is not sustainable. [5] This implies the need
to identify, in each case, the actors, their framing of the situation and their emphasis. [6] This socially complex view of
sustainability also implies that governments are not the only policy agents and that there is an important role for citizen
engagement and mobilization, protest and coalition building.
Source: Human Development Report, 2020 (with modi cations)
No. 1
What can we conclude from the text?
A. The most important point of a just transition is that all stakeholders involved agree that no matter what it takes,
there should be a shift from fossil-fuel based energy to cleaner, low-carbon alternatives.
B. Human needs must set the direction for a just transition to occur. Sustainability won’t be achieved if human rights,
the utmost priority, are not taken into the equation.
C. Just transition is essential to sustainability. A just transition revolves around the idea that not only environmental
concerns, but also social concerns, are relevant to sustainability.
D. Governments as the authorities should not be the only ones de ning what a just transition is. Rather, every
stakeholder affected by environmental concerns should also help.
E. Transition to a low-carbon society can perpetuate inequality if we are not careful. Therefore, each of us should
ght to be heard in achieving environmental sustainability.
Set 01 Extended
No. 2
Which of the following questions cannot be answered by the text?
A. What is a just transition to sustainability?

B. What are the approaches to a more just transition?
C. Who are the agents involved in bringing about a just transition?
D. How should a just transition transpire?
E. How do different stakeholders view a just transition?
No. 3
According to the text, what might ‘inclusive deliberation’ mean?
A. a deliberate way to achieving sustainability

B. different views of what sustainability is
C. a discussion that includes different stakeholders
D. identi cation of sustainability actors
E. a transitional phase to achieve sustainability
No. 4
Which sentence does not belong in the last paragraph?
A. Sentence 1
B. Sentence 2
C. Sentence 3
D. Sentence 4
E. Sentence 5
Set 01 Extended
What makes a person happy? If people want to be happy— and few people proclaim their desire to be sad—should
they seek money and professional success? Many experts in elds such as sociology, psychology, and public policy are
attempting to answer this seemingly simple question. Surprisingly, many studies support the longstanding hypothesis that
money cannot buy happiness.
One of the chief obstacles to happiness is referred to as social comparison. When people compare themselves to
other people, they prefer to see themselves as in some way superior. In an experiment, social scientists asked whether
people would prefer earning $50,000 per year while their peers earned $25,000 per year, or whether they would prefer
earning $100,000 per year while their peers averaged $250,000 per year. Even though people would earn more in the
latter scenario, most chose the former as a consequence of their desire to see themselves as more successful than others.
Thus, a simple way to increase happiness is for people to reject the urge to compare themselves to others based on their
nances.
Another way to increase people’s sense of personal happiness is for them to be true to themselves and keep their
personal sense of integrity. While this advice may seem rather trite, people who respect and follow their authentic desires
generally report being happier than people who do not. When people limit their personal desires in order to obtain certain
goals, they may achieve greater nancial success but actually end up unhappier.
Finally, sometimes people bene t from social rules that encourage them to improve their lives, even when these
laws cost more money. While few people enjoy paying taxes, some taxes make people happier because they improve the
overall quality of people’s lives. In their study of smoking and cigarette taxes, Gruber and Mullainathan (2006) conclude
that “taxes may affect the happiness of former smokers (by making it easier to resist the temptation to resume smoking)
or prospective smokers (by making it easier to never start smoking in the rst place)”. This example demonstrates how a
society’s rules can lead to the general happiness of its populations, even through the apparently negative practice of
increased taxation.
Source: National Geographic (with modi cations)
No. 5
What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage above?
A. To compare how happiness manifests differently in different people

B. To show that nancial success doesn’t necessarily lead to happiness
C. To explain the most important things that cause happiness in people
D. To de ne and simplify the concept of happiness to the readers
E. To convince people that while nancial success is important, it is not necessary
No. 6
What is the relationship between paragraph 1 and 2?
A. Paragraph 1 opens a topic while paragraph 2 shows the positive sides to the said topic.
B. Paragraph 1 explains a problem and then paragraph 2 gives the solution to the problem.
C. Paragraph 1 introduces a conclusion and then paragraph 2 gives an argument for the conclusion.
D. Paragraph 1 gives a de nition of a concept while paragraph 2 gives further elaboration.
E. Paragraph 1 shows an effect of a certain phenomenon and paragraph 2 explains the cause of it.
Set 01 Extended
No. 7
The recommendation that people should have personal integrity and not betray themselves in order to be happy sounds ... .
But people who do this are generally happier than those who do not.
Fill in the blank!
A. original
B. fantastic
C. insightful
D. cliched
E. atrocious
No. 8
What is the author trying to say through the last paragraph?
A. There are social rules that people are willing to bear even though they cost money if they compensate in a form
of better life.
B. Social rules can be justi ed if they lead to the improvement of general happiness of the population.
C. Taxations are among the social rules that people tolerate in order to improve the quality of other people’s lives.
D. Cigarette taxes to smokers are proof that people actually approve of social rules that make their lives better.
E. Some people do enjoy paying taxes while others don’t, but both agree that taxes are necessary for everyone’s
good.
No. 9
“Rather than investing and withholding money to an extreme extent, it makes us happier to once in a while give in to things
that we fancy.”
Is this statement true? Which part of the text supports/does not support it?
A. Yes, paragraph 2 clearly gives the perfect evidence.

B. Yes, paragraph 3 shows that this could happen.
C. Yes, paragraph 4 exhibits the real life case.
D. No, paragraph 2 rejects this notion.
E. No, nothing in the text supports it.
No. 10
If people ... themselves to others, they.....happier. Sadly, in reality, people compare every day.
Which of the following should ll the blanks?
A. didn’t compare ; would have been

B. hadn’t compared; would have been
C. don’t compare, will be
D. hadn’t compared; would be
E. didn’t compare; would be
Set 01 Extended
Human evolution is the lengthy process of change by which people originated from apelike ancestors. Scienti c
evidence shows that the physical and behavioral traits shared by all people originated from apelike ancestors and evolved
over a period of approximately six million years.
One of the earliest de ning human traits, bipedalism -- the ability to walk on two legs -- evolved over 4 million
years ago. Other important human characteristics -- such as a large and complex brain, the ability to make and use tools,
and the capacity for language -- developed more recently. Many advanced traits -- including complex symbolic
expression, art, and elaborate cultural diversity -- emerged mainly during the past 100,000 years.
Humans are primates. Physical and genetic similarities show that the modern human species, Homo sapiens, has a
very close relationship to another group of primate species, the apes. Humans and the great apes (large apes) of Africa --
chimpanzees (including bonobos, or so-called “pygmy chimpanzees”) and gorillas -- share a common ancestor that lived
between 8 and 6 million years ago. Humans rst evolved in Africa, and much of human evolution occurred on that
continent. The fossils of early humans who lived between 6 and 2 million years ago come entirely from Africa.
Early humans rst migrated out of Africa into Asia probably between 2 million and 1.8 million years ago. They
entered Europe somewhat later, between 1.5 million and 1 million years. The species of modern humans populated many
parts of the world much later. For instance, people rst came to Australia probably within the past 60,000 years and to the
Americas within the past 30,000 years or so. The beginnings of agriculture and the rise of the rst civilizations occurred
within the past 12,000 years.
Source: Smithsonian
No. 11
Which information can we infer from bipedalism and the capacity for language?
A. Compared to the capacity for language, bipedalism emerged earlier.

B. The capacity for language progressed from a complex brain; bipedalism does not.
C. Bipedalism is the prerequisite trait to develop the capacity for language.
D. Bipedalism and the capacity for language appeared around the same period.
E. Both bipedalism and the ability for language are the earliest traits found in modern humans.
No. 12
According to the passage, which information is accurate about early human migration?
A. It is found that much of early human evolution rst occurred in Africa.

B. Africa was the starting point for early human migration to other continents.
C. Prior to spreading over the world, early humans established the rst civilization in Africa.
D. Humans left Africa and split up into different groups that inhabited multiple continents.
E. Early humans migrated out of Africa to establish agriculture on other continents.
Set 01 Extended
No. 13
Which information can be used to back up the assertion that humans evolved from apelike ancestors?
A. A large portion of human evolution took place in the continent of Africa, where early humans rst appeared.
B. Africa is the only continent with early human fossils dating to 6 and 2 million years ago.
C. Physical and genetic similarities demonstrate the close kinship between the modern human and another group of
primates.
D. Both fossils of humans and ape remains were discovered in the same area of Africa.
E. It takes an extremely long period for humans to evolve.
No. 14
From the passage, we know that human evolution ….
A. is similar to the evolution of other primate groups

B. was developed traits by traits over a long period
C. is determined by the condition of the area where they lived
D. depends on the lifestyle they had
E. is determined by their ability to use tools
No. 15
In which paragraph(s) can we nd the support for the phrase “lengthy process” (paragraph 1) used to describe human
evolution?
A. Paragraph 1
B. Paragraph 2
C. Paragraph 3
D. Paragraph 4
E. All paragraphs
No. 16
“Many advanced traits -including complex symbolic expression, art, and elaborate cultural diversity- emerged mainly
during the past 100,000 years.”
The word “emerged” in the sentence above can be best replaced with ….
A. displayed
B. exhibited
C. set forth
D. exposed
E. popped up
Set 01 Extended
About a billion years after the earth had formed, the rst signs of life appeared. Three billion years elapsed before
creatures became complex enough to leave fossils their descendants could recognize and learn from. These were shelled
creatures called trilobites, followed by jawless sh, the rst vertebrates. During the Devonian period, great upheavals
occurred in the earth’s crust, resulting in the formation of mountains and in the ebb and ow of oceans. In the aftermath,
beds of mud rich in organic matter nourished vegetation, and insects, scorpions, and spiders appeared. Next developed
the amphibians, descendants of sh that had crawled out of fresh water.
Between 225 and 65 million years ago, reptiles developed from which many new forms grew until nally evolved
the mammal. Dinosaurs were overgrown reptiles. Although some were as small as chickens, others grew to be the largest
animals on Earth, as long as 82 feet and as heavy as 50 tons, with long necks and a liking for a vegetarian diet. Current
theory suggests that dinosaurs were warm-blooded and behaved more like mammals than like reptiles.
The end of the Mesozoic Era (middle life) saw the inexplicable demise of dinosaurs and large swimming and ying
birds. Geological changes were converting the giant land mass into separate continents. The beginning of a new era, called
the Cenozoic (recent life), saw the marked predominance of mammals that would ultimately become man’s ancestors.
Source: Peterson’s TOEFL
No. 17
What would be a good title for this reading?
A. How Reptiles Became Dinosaurs

B. The Ages of Man
C. The Evolution of Life
D. The Formation of the Earth
E. How Dinosaurs
Extinct No. 18
“Next developed the amphibians, descendants of sh that had crawled out of fresh water.”
Which option uses the word "had" in the same way that it is used in the sentence above?
A. Gigi had a gazillion pairs of shoes in her wardrobe.

B. Nobody had as much money as Taylor did.
C. Cara had to x her hair; it was too messy.
D. The designer bags had to be returned due to the defect.
E. Anna had already spoken to Kim about this.
No. 19
Which of the following statements can we conclude as true according to the passage?
A. Several species went extinct during the Mesozoic Era.

B. Amphibians developed at the same time as the formation of mountains.
C. Several types of dinosaurs are classi ed as mammals.
D. The Cenozoic era marked the beginning of the extinction of big creatures.
E. It takes a few millions of years for the rst signs of life to emerge.
Set 01 Extended
No. 20
What is the signi cance of the information presented in paragraph 2?
A. To continue the chronology presented about life evolution on earth.

B. To explain why dinosaurs went extinct.
C. To elaborate on the separation of continents.
D. To introduce how the rst mammals evolved to become humans.
E. To explain more about how dinosaurs evolved.
Set 02 Extended
soal/
In 1954, the rst organ transplant occurred in Boston when surgeons removed a kidney from one identical twin to place it
inside his sick brother. Though some transplants rely upon living donors, routine organ transplantation depends largely
upon the availability of organs obtained from individuals who have died.
From an anthropological perspective, the meanings of death and the body vary cross-culturally. While death could be said
to represent a particular biological state, social agreement about this state’s signi cance is of paramount importance.
Anthropologist Margaret Lock has explored differences between Japanese and North American acceptance of the
biological state of “brain death” and how it affects the practice of organ transplants.
Brain death relies upon the absence of measurable electrical currents in the brain and the inability to breathe without
technological assistance. The brain-dead individual, though attached to machines, still seems alive with a beating heart
and pink cheeks. North Americans nd brain death acceptable, in part, because personhood and individuality are culturally
located in the brain. North American comfort with brain death has allowed for the “gift of life” through organ donation
and subsequent transplantation.
By contrast, in Japan, the concept of brain death is hotly contested and organ transplants are rarely performed. The
Japanese do not incorporate a mind–body split into their models of themselves and locate personhood throughout the
body rather than in the brain. They resist accepting a warm pink body as a corpse from which organs can be harvested.
Further, organs cannot be transformed into “gifts” because anonymous donation is not compatible with Japanese social
patterns of reciprocal exchange.
Organ transplantation carries far greater social meaning than the purely biological movement of an organ from one
individual to another. Cultural and biological processes are tightly woven into every aspect of this new social practice.
Source: Haviland et al, 2011: 8
No. 1
The word "agreement" as used in the second paragraph means ….
A. Development
B. Difference
C. Protocol
D. Convention
E. Law
No. 2
The importance of the information described in paragraph three is to ….
A. contrast the writer’s argument presented in paragraph two

B. give further explanation of the statement expressed in the rst paragraph
C. elaborate more on the writer’s claim in paragraph two
D. give a detailed evidence of description stated in paragraph one
E. emphasize the signi cance of the topic discussed in the passage
Set 02 Extended
No. 3
According to the passage, North American and Japanese people each have their own de nition of brain death. Thus, they
have different parameters to consider a human being to be brain-dead.
Is this statement true or false? Why?
A. True, the Americans think that a person is brain dead when there are no apparent electrical currents in their brain,
while the Japanese believe otherwise.
B. True, the difference lies in the fact that Americans consider inability to breathe without technological assistance a
brain death situation while the Japanese don’t.
C. False, both peoples think that when no activities in the brain occur, which means absence of personhood, a person
is already considered brain dead.
D. False, both Americans and Japanese have agreed on the de nition of brain death state in order to smoothen the
organ transplant mechanisms between the two nations.
E. False, while the Americans associate loss of personhood with brain death situations, the Japanese do not agree
with the brain-death concept in the rst place.
No. 4
From the passage we can conclude that the reason Japanese people reject the brain death state is because ….
A. North Americans use more advanced technologies to measure or judge a person’s biological state
B. Japan is part of the Eastern culture world, while North Americans are Westerners
C. the fact that brain-dead people are still alive can be observed from their beating hearts
D. Japanese people have a different understanding about personhood compared to North Americans
E. for Japanese, a gift cannot be accepted if it’s not given voluntarily and anonymously by others
No. 5
Organ transplantation is not simply a biological movement of an organ, its practice is also highly ... cultural context.
Fill in the blank!
A. reliant on
B. overdependent on
C. independent from
D. detached from
E. resulting in
Set 02 Extended
Literacy in the Kurikulum Merdeka was aimed toward facilitating students’ general capabilities to think and to make
sense of their knowledge and foster a love of books. But the Kurikulum Merdeka also embeds a much more coherent
theoretical framework for literacy. In the past there has been a lack of text resources, and teaching instruction, particularly
when it comes to the progression of literacy learning at the primary and secondary levels.
The government has also replaced what was a high stakes national exam with Minimum Competency Assessment,
moving away from testing contents taught in school, this assessment narrowed the focus on assessing students’ general
skills namely literacy and numeracy. The literacy test measures Indonesian students' general literacy capabilities of utilizing
and evaluating the knowledge they learn from many school subjects to formulate and solve problems, that is, critical
thinking. This is quite a departure from the old National Exam, which emphasized measuring students’ mastery of school
subjects or content areas.
However, improving Indonesia’s literacy education demands more than a piece of national curriculum regulation.
More literacy resources (texts/books) and quali ed literacy teachers are required to ensure literacy learning in Indonesian
classrooms. Making quality book resources available to support literacy learning is a big issue the government must tackle.
Non-government services such as Room to Read and The Asia Foundation’s Let’s Read provide free-to-download quality
children’s books published by Indonesian nonpro t publishers like the Litara Foundation.
But greater effort could be directed towards improving quali ed Indonesian literacy teachers. This is challenging
because literacy learning in the Kurikulum Merdeka emphasizes nurturing general capabilities and a love of books.
Teachers that meet such quali cations are needed for this to happen. Literacy teachers should be comfortable engaging
students with books for reading skills and discussing dif cult topics raised in the book.
Source: jakpost.com (with modi cations)
No. 6
What is the topic of the passage above?
A. Literacy education in Kurikulum Merdeka

B. Literacy education as a way to build critical thinking
C. The importance of quali ed teachers in literacy education
D. Vital changes in educational approach through Kurikulum Merdeka
E. Focus shift to literacy and numeracy in Kurikulum Merdeka
No. 7
Paragraph 2 primarily functions to ….
A. illustrate the actual condition of students’ literacy level

B. oppose the idea that extra books resources and better teachers are needed
C. anticipate criticism on the implementation of Kurikulum Merdeka
D. counter the argument about the lack of quali cations of literacy teachers
E. further explain the change of focus on education toward literacy
Set 02 Extended
No. 8
What is the author’s attitude towards the topic of the passage?
A. the writer is optimistic for there is already a change in curriculum that improves the theoretical literacy framework
B. the writer is skeptical about whether the improvement will be successful without providing books and competent
teachers
C. the writer is sympathetic to the students for having to improve their capabilities in literacy and numeracy
D. the writer is hopeful that the teachers will manage to improve students’ knowledge and love of books
E. the writer is pessimistic about the government’s effort directed toward upgrading literacy teachers’ quali cations
No. 9
“But greater effort could be directed towards improving quali ed Indonesian literacy teachers.”
Which of the following uses the modal word ‘could’ the same way it is used in the sentence above?
A. Could you please give me some water?

B. He could have gone to Bandung last week, but I’m not too sure.
C. It could be dangerous for you to drive alone last night, you know?
D. You could ask the person over there; he might know where your destination is.
E. I could give you some assistance if you need some.
No. 10
But greater effort could be directed towards improving quali ed Indonesian literacy teachers. This is challenging
because literacy learning in the Kurikulum Merdeka emphasizes nurturing general capabilities and a love of books.
Teachers that meet such quali cations are needed for this to happen. Literacy teachers should be comfortable engaging
students with books for reading skills and discussing dif cult topics raised in the book.
What does the pronoun “this” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Greater effort to improve literacy

B. Literacy learning in the Kurikulum Merdeka
C. Nurturing general capabilities and a love of books
D. Improving quali ed literacy teachers
E. Ensuring literacy education in the classroom
Set 02 Extended

In English, the sky is blue and the grass is green. But in Vietnamese, there is just one color category for both sky
and grass: xanh. For decades, cognitive scientists have pointed to such examples as evidence that language largely
determines how we see color. But new research with four to six-month old infants indicates that long before we learn
language, we see up to ve basic categories of hue: a nding that suggests a stronger biological component to color
perception than previously thought.
The study, published recently in the Preceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, tested the color-
discrimination abilities of more than 170 British infants. Researchers at the University of Sussex in England measured how
long babies spent gazing at color swatches, a metric known as looking time. First, the team showed infants one swatch
repeatedly until their looking time decreased, a sign they had grown bored with it. Then, the researchers showed them a
different swatch and noted their reaction. Longer looking times were interpreted that the babies considered the second
swatch to be a new hue. Their cumulative responses showed that they distinguished among ve colors: red, green, blue,
purple and yellow.
“The nding suggests we’re all working from the same template,” explains lead author Alice Skelton, a doctoral-
students at Sussex. “You come prepackaged to make color distinctions but given your culture and language, certain
distinctions may or may not be used.” For instance, infants learning Vietnamese most likely see green and blue, even if
their native language does not use distinct words for the two colors. The same thing could happen for someone who grew
up in England, every color has a name and a code.
Source: Scienti c American
No. 11
The author generally compares ….
A. English and Vietnamese language for colors

B. different colors in infants
C. our eyes’ and our language’s perception of colors
D. biology and language
E. how culture shaped our perception of things
No. 12
The paragraph following the passage is most likely about ….
A. other ndings from the research

B. the biological explanation about how we perceive colors
C. the conclusion of the research
D. the development of language for naming colors
E. how culture shaped our understanding about colors
No. 13
Which information could be added to paragraph 1?
A. another example of language used for interpreting colors

B. colors that can be found in nature
C. the methodology of the research
D. other differences in English and Vietnamese
E. the way colors are depicted in every language
Set 02 Extended
No. 14
purple and yellow.
What can we infer about the relationship between how we see colors and the language we use?
A. The language people grew up learning affects their ability to see colors.
B. Humans have the ability to distinguish colors despite the language they use.
C. Although babies can tell apart between hues, this skill deteriorates with age.
D. Adults who are exposed to certain languages might see colors differently.
E. The language people speak dulls their color-distinguishing ability.
Set 02 Extended
No. 15
purple and yellow.
Which information supports the assertion that babies can distinguish colors?
A. Infants that are exposed to the Vietnamese language most likely see green and blue.
B. In Vietnamese language, blue and green both fall under the same color name.
C. Infants show heightened interest when they are presented with new colors.
D. Babies show longer looking time when presented with blue and green colors.
E. Toddlers do not have a full grasp of languages that differentiate colors.
Set 02 Extended
The process of globalization is very controversial. Many people say globalization will help people communicate. Aid
agencies can respond more quickly to a natural disaster. Advanced medicines are more easily and widely available to
people who may not have been able to afford them. Jobs available through globalization have lifted many people out of
poverty. Globalization has increased the number of students studying abroad.
Not everyone says that globalization is good, however. Some people worry that Western culture will destroy local
cultures around the world. They fear that everyone will end up eating hamburgers and watching Hollywood movies.
Others point out that people tend to adopt some aspects of other cultures without giving up their own. Ironically, modern
technology is often used to preserve and spread traditional beliefs and customs.
Opponents to globalization blame free trade for unfair working conditions. They also say that outsourcing has
caused wealthy countries to lose too many jobs. Supporters of globalization say that factory workers in poor countries are
making much better wages than they would at other jobs available to them. They also argue that free trade has lowered
prices in wealthier countries and improved the economy of poorer countries.
Source: education.nationalgeographic.org (with modi cations)

No. 16
From the passage, the author is trying to convey that ….
A. everyone supports modern times globalization

B. there are pros and cons of today’s globalization
C. globalization is changing the world for the better
D. Western culture cannot be separated from globalization
E. there are bad effects of globalization to some societies
No. 17
“They also say that outsourcing has caused wealthy countries to lose too many jobs.”
We can infer from this sentence that ….
A. wealthy countries have become poorer in recent decades

B. this is the argument made by the supporters of globalization
C. outsourcing has triggered the globalization of jobs in the world
D. outsourcing has transferred jobs to developing or poorer countries
E. there are just enough jobs in wealthy countries now
Set 02 Extended
No. 18
The word “lifted” in paragraph 1 has similar meaning to ….
A. pulled
B. drawn
C. changed
D. pushed
E. raised
No. 19
What is the signi cance of the information discussed in paragraph 2?
A. To elaborate on the idea presented in paragraph 1.

B. To propose an opposing point of view to that of the idea in paragraph 1.
C. To introduce the ideas discussed in paragraph 3.
D. To provide a framework for understanding ideas in paragraph 3.
E. To argue that the ideas presented in paragraph 1 is invalid.
No. 20
What is the author's most likely motivation for using the word controversial (paragraph 1)?
A. To show that there are two opposing views regarding globalization.

B. To demonstrate one view that shows harsh judgment towards globalization.
C. To convince the readers that globalization is not bene cial.
D. To present his viewpoint on globalization.
E. To illustrate how globalization has been the center of a dispute.
Set 03 Extended
soal/
On 1 July, a state law took effect that protects most high school students from having to start class before 8.30am – the
rst law of its kind nationwide. Other states, including New York and New Jersey, are considering similar measures for
teens, who naturally want to go to bed and get up later than adults do.
Beyond the sleep deprivation, early class times may not be conducive to learning. Given the circadian rhythms, students’
energy is “higher now at nine o’clock, 10 o’clock at night and they really are not awake until eight o’clock” in the morning,
the neurologist Beth Ann Malow says. The University of California, Berkeley, sleep expert Matthew Walker went even
further in an interview with NPR this summer. “Asking a teenager to be awake and trying to absorb information at 8.30 in
the morning in some ways is like asking an adult to wake up at 4 o’clock in the morning with good grace, good humor,
positive mood and start learning information ef ciently.”
But the law, signed in 2019 by Governor Gavin Newsom, also has its detractors. While the California State Parent Teacher
Association (PTA) supports it, several other school associations, including the California Teachers Association (CTA) union,
oppose it.
Lower-income students in particular could be harmed by the bill, the CTA said in a statement to the Los Angeles Times,
especially those whose parents “don’t have the option of starting their workday later … We know from experience that
many of these parents will drop their children off at school at the same time they do now, regardless of whether there is
supervision.”
Then there are concerns about the impacts on after-school activities. The later students get out of school, the more likely
they struggle to reach an after-school internship on time and pick and choose between sports with con icting practices.
No. 1
What should be the title of the text?
A. Teenagers cannot be awake early, experts nd

B. Schools start later, should you agree?
C. New school start times: teachers team up to oppose the unjust policy
D. A change in school policy sparks controversies among teachers
E. Waking up too early might cause students to perform badly
No. 2
What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To make readers considers pros and cons of a policy

B. To elaborate on how a policy is going to be applied
C. To explain the rationale behind a particular policy
D. To compare two outcomes of a proposed policy
E. To explain a solution to a certain long-standing problem
Set 03 Extended
No. 3
What can be inferred about the effect of the policy on families?
A. It relieves families from having to wake their children early.

B. It supports the circadian rhythm of most children.
C. It is unjust towards children who come from underprivileged families.
D. It forces lower income parents to drop their children off early at school.
E. It burdens teachers with extra supervision as many children will still be at school early.
No. 4
What can we say about the public enthusiasm for the policy?
A. The policy, having already taken effect, proves support from the majority.
B. The policy is mostly supported as it is acknowledged to have more bene ts.
C. The policy has provoked some rather mixed reactions and opinions.
D. The policy is very progressive, but at the same time has to be moderated.
E. The policy is dif cult to apply for students from a certain background.
No. 5
Where can we nd the best support for the answer of the previous question?
A. Paragraph 1
B. Paragraph 2
C. Paragraph 3
D. Paragraph 4
E. Paragraph 5
No. 6
An interview with a sleep specialist concludes that ….
A. teenagers start to function earliest at 8.30 in the morning

B. teenagers shouldn’t be expected to have a good mood in the morning
C. as teenagers can’t wake up at 8.30, adults shouldn’t wake up at 4
D. teenagers nd it hard to function properly very early in the morning
E. adults should not expect teenagers to have a strict body clock
No. 7
If the law regarding later school start times _____ in 2019, there_________any controversies about the effect of the policy
toward lower-income students now.
A. hadn’t been signed; wouldn’t have been

B. hadn’t signed; wouldn’t be
C. weren’t signed; wouldn’t be
D. didn’t sign; wouldn’t have been
E. hadn’t been signed; wouldn’t be
Set 03 Extended
The dog collar was so integral an aspect of the people's daily lives that even the dogs of the gods are seen in collar and
leash; a relationship rst evident in art from ancient Mesopotamia. In the same way that scholars debate the origin of the
dog and its rst domestication, it is dif cult to say with certainty that the people of Mesopotamia were the rst to invent the
collar. Even so, as far as the collar's depiction in ancient art is concerned, the earliest came from Mesopotamia.
Dogs were greatly esteemed in Mesopotamia as protectors, healers, and companions of the gods. The healing goddess
Gula was always depicted with a dog, as was Inanna, one of the most popular deities in the Mesopotamian pantheon.
Images, amulets, statuary, and engravings of dogs were regularly produced for a variety of reasons, and in most of these,
the dog is seen wearing a collar. This relationship is well established in Mesopotamia from as early as 3300 BCE in the
southern area known as Sumer.
The protective aspect of the dog was re ected in the Mesopotamian dog collars. They protected the dog's throat while
attached to a leash, providing a safeguard to others from dog aggression. Aside from protection, collars also helped to
control and train the dog, while also giving some indication of the owner by the name engraved on them.
The dog collar features in almost every depiction of dogs in Mesopotamian art. Inscriptions from the Ur III Period (2047-
1750 BCE) describe a caravan coming into the city which includes dogs and their handlers. There are other images,
however, which present a clearer picture. A golden dog pendant, currently at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, USA, dates
from c. 3300 BCE and was found at the Sumerian city of Uruk. It is a gure of a dog with a wide collar that seems
decorated with stripes.
No. 8
What is the main topic of the text?
A. Dog collars’ signi cance in people’s daily lives

B. The protective function of dog collars
C. The respect for dogs during the Mesopotamian era
D. Debate over the origin of dog collars
E. Dog collars in Mesopotamian civilization
No. 9
The most diverse depictions of dogs with collars come from Mesopotamia.
Is the statement true? Why or why not?
A. Yes, it is mentioned that dog collars were an integral part of the Mesopotamian civilization.
B. Yes, it is said that dogs with collars were depicted in a lot of Mesopotamian artworks.
C. Yes, because dogs were highly esteemed as protectors, healers and companions of the gods.
D. No, because no evidence of dog collar depictions in other civilizations was explained.
E. No, because as much as dogs are important, the signi cance of the dog collars is yet to be concluded.
Set 03 Extended
The dog collar was so integral an aspect of the people's daily lives that even the dogs of the gods are seen in collar
and leash; a relationship rst evident in art from ancient Mesopotamia. In the same way that scholars debate the origin of
the dog and its rst domestication, it is dif cult to say with certainty that the people of Mesopotamia were the rst to invent
the collar. Even so, as far as the collar's depiction in ancient art is concerned, the earliest came from Mesopotamia.
The protective aspect of the dog was re ected in the Mesopotamian dog collars. They protected the dog's throat
while attached to a leash, providing a safeguard to others from dog aggression. Aside from protection, collars also helped
to control and train the dog, while also giving some indication of the owner by the name engraved on them.
The dog collar features in almost every depiction of dogs in Mesopotamian art. Inscriptions from the Ur III Period
(2047-1750 BCE) describe a caravan coming into the city which includes dogs and their handlers. There are other images,
No. 10
Dogs were greatly esteemed in Mesopotamia as protectors, healers, and companions of the gods. The healing
goddess Gula was always depicted with a dog, as was Inanna, one of the most popular deities in the Mesopotamian
pantheon. Images, amulets, statuary, and engravings of dogs were regularly produced for a variety of reasons, and in
most of these, the dog is seen wearing a collar. This relationship is well established in Mesopotamia from as early as 3300
BCE in the southern area known as Sumer.
What is the author’s purpose of mentioning the golden pendant in the last paragraph?
A. To show the instance the dog collar is depicted clearly in Mesopotamian art.
B. To exemplify the clarity of dog collar depiction in every Mesopotamian art.
C. To add yet another example of dog collar depiction in Mesopotamian art.
D. To show the importance of the pendant among collars in Mesopotamian art.
E. To describe one of the most important art pieces featuring dog collars.
No. 11
Dogs were greatly esteemed in Mesopotamia as protectors, healers, and companions of the gods. The healing
goddess Gula was always depicted with a dog, as was Inanna, one of the most popular deities in the Mesopotamian
pantheon. Images, amulets, statuary, and engravings of dogs were regularly produced for a variety of reasons, and in
most of these, the dog is seen wearing a collar. This relationship is well established in Mesopotamia from as early as 3300
BCE in the southern area known as Sumer.
The following are correct about dog collars, except ….
A. dog collars were seen as a means to protect people from dogs.

B. dog collars in Mesopotamia were used as a way to signal ownership.
C. dog collars have existed for more than ve millennia.
D. dog collars can be seen in all depictions of dogs in Mesopotamian arts.
E. dog collars were even present in depictions of Mesopotamian gods.
Set 03 Extended
The dog collar was so integral an aspect of the people's daily lives that even the dogs of the gods are seen in collar and
leash; a relationship rst evident in art from ancient Mesopotamia. In the same way that scholars debate the origin of the
dog and its rst domestication, it is dif cult to say with certainty that the people of Mesopotamia were the rst to invent the
collar. Even so, as far as the collar's depiction in ancient art is concerned, the earliest came from Mesopotamia.
Dogs were greatly esteemed in Mesopotamia as protectors, healers, and companions of the gods. The healing goddess
Gula was always depicted with a dog, as was Inanna, one of the most popular deities in the Mesopotamian pantheon.
Images, amulets, statuary, and engravings of dogs were regularly produced for a variety of reasons, and in most of these,
the dog is seen wearing a collar. This relationship is well established in Mesopotamia from as early as 3300 BCE in the
southern area known as Sumer.
The protective aspect of the dog was re ected in the Mesopotamian dog collars. They protected the dog's throat while
attached to a leash, providing a safeguard to others from dog aggression. Aside from protection, collars also helped to
control and train the dog, while also giving some indication of the owner by the name engraved on them.
The dog collar features in almost every depiction of dogs in Mesopotamian art. Inscriptions from the Ur III Period (2047-
1750 BCE) describe a caravan coming into the city which includes dogs and their handlers. There are other images,
No. 12
he healing goddess Gula was always depicted with a dog, as was Inanna, one of the most popular deities in the
Mesopotamian pantheon.”
Which of the following best paraphrases the sentence above?
A. The healing goddess Gula who was one of the most popular deities was almost always depicted with her dog,
Inanna.
B. Innana, one of the most popular deities in the Mesopotamian pantheon alongside Gula, was always depicted with a
dog.
C. Inanna, who was always depicted with a dog, was one of the most popular deities in the Mesopotamian pantheon.
D. Gula, a healing Goddess like Inanna, was one of the most popular deities in Mesopotamian pantheon depicted with
a dog.
E. Just like the healing goddess Gula, Inanna as one of the most popular deities in the Mesopotamian pantheon was
always depicted with a dog.
No. 13
The word ‘esteemed’ in paragraph 2 most nearly means ….
A. powerful
B. dishonored
C. renowned
D. slighted
E. precious
Set 03 Extended
No. 14
In exchange for a less secure safety net, the United States has historically offered more economic mobility — a better
chance of moving from rags to riches — than Europe. And polls show Americans are far more likely to believe that they
have more upward mobility than Europeans. About two-thirds of Americans agree that “people are rewarded for
intelligence and skill” — the highest percentage across 27 countries. Only about one- fth of Americans believe that coming
from a wealthy family is important to getting ahead — compared to 28 percent among all countries surveyed.
But the historical pattern appears to be changing. Recent studies show that the United States, together with the United
Kingdom, has exceptionally low mobility compared to other European countries, if measured by the ability of men to rise
above their fathers' economic rank. In the United States and Great Britain about half of parental-earnings advantages are
passed on to sons — meaning it would take an average of six generations for family economic advantage to disappear.
Fathers' earnings have the least effect on their sons' earnings in Norway, Finland and Denmark, where less than 20
percent of income advantages are passed on to children. One reason may be that in such countries, where incomes are
more equal, it's a shorter jump in absolute dollars from the bottom rung to the top.
But if your earnings are higher than your father's — an absolute increase — do you care where you rank on your nation's
economic ladder? And if a more vibrant economy is creating an improved standard of living for everyone on the ladder,
does your rank really matter that much?
That perspective, often voiced by conservatives, re ects their stronger emphasis on absolute increases in mobility made
possible by a growing economy — the belief that “a rising tide lifts all boats.” By contrast, “liberals tend to be more
focused on relative mobility” — climbing rungs of your society's income ladder — notes John E. Morton, director of the Pew
Charitable Trusts' Economic Mobility Project, which brings together conservatives and liberals to research this issue and
discuss policy solutions. The answer is that poorly made spending, not a lack of spending, is the major social policy
problem.
“If we're true to the notion of America as a meritocracy, you want to see some combination of both, because it's not
suf cient to have a ‘rising tide’ if no one is changing places on the ladder,” says Morton. “That suggests people are doing
better but the meritocracy is broken.”
Source: CQ Researcher (with modi cations)
What is the topic of the passage?
A. Meritocracy in the US and Europe

B. Economic mobility in the US and Europe
C. Advantages of Europe’s social security net
D. Absolute and relative social mobility
E. Historical patterns of US’ economic mobility
Set 03 Extended
No. 15
In exchange for a less secure safety net, the United States has historically offered more economic mobility — a
better chance of moving from rags to riches — than Europe. And polls show Americans are far more likely to believe that
they have more upward mobility than Europeans. About two-thirds of Americans agree that “people are rewarded for
But the historical pattern appears to be changing. Recent studies show that the United States, together with the
United Kingdom, has exceptionally low mobility compared to other European countries, if measured by the ability of men
to rise above their fathers' economic rank. In the United States and Great Britain about half of parental-earnings
advantages are passed on to sons — meaning it would take an average of six generations for family economic advantage
to disappear. Fathers' earnings have the least effect on their sons' earnings in Norway, Finland and Denmark, where less
than 20 percent of income advantages are passed on to children. One reason may be that in such countries, where
incomes are more equal, it's a shorter jump in absolute dollars from the bottom rung to the top.
But if your earnings are higher than your father's — an absolute increase — do you care where you rank on your
nation's economic ladder? And if a more vibrant economy is creating an improved standard of living for everyone on the
ladder, does your rank really matter that much?
That perspective, often voiced by conservatives, re ects their stronger emphasis on absolute increases in mobility
made possible by a growing economy — the belief that “a rising tide lifts all boats.” By contrast, “liberals tend to be more
problem.
“If we're true to the notion of America as a meritocracy, you want to see some combination of both, because it's
not suf cient to have a ‘rising tide’ if no one is changing places on the ladder,” says Morton. “That suggests people are
doing better but the meritocracy is broken.”
The last sentence in paragraph 1 serves to ….
A. show that the United States offers more economic opportunities compared to Europe
B. stress that Americans in general do not think having better economic background is essential to move from rags to
riches
C. explain the statistics of Americans who are pessimistic about getting ahead in terms of economic mobility
D. emphasize the importance of what Americans believe to moving upward in the economic ladder
E. elaborate the possibility of people coming from wealthy families to earn more than their parents
Set 03 Extended
In exchange for a less secure safety net, the United States has historically offered more economic mobility — a better
chance of moving from rags to riches — than Europe. And polls show Americans are far more likely to believe that they
have more upward mobility than Europeans. About two-thirds of Americans agree that “people are rewarded for
But the historical pattern appears to be changing. Recent studies show that the United States, together with the United
Kingdom, has exceptionally low mobility compared to other European countries, if measured by the ability of men to rise
above their fathers' economic rank. In the United States and Great Britain about half of parental-earnings advantages are
passed on to sons — meaning it would take an average of six generations for family economic advantage to disappear.
Fathers' earnings have the least effect on their sons' earnings in Norway, Finland and Denmark, where less than 20
percent of income advantages are passed on to children. One reason may be that in such countries, where incomes are
more equal, it's a shorter jump in absolute dollars from the bottom rung to the top.
But if your earnings are higher than your father's — an absolute increase — do you care where you rank on your nation's
economic ladder? And if a more vibrant economy is creating an improved standard of living for everyone on the ladder,
does your rank really matter that much?
That perspective, often voiced by conservatives, re ects their stronger emphasis on absolute increases in mobility made
possible by a growing economy — the belief that “a rising tide lifts all boats.” By contrast, “liberals tend to be more
problem.
“If we're true to the notion of America as a meritocracy, you want to see some combination of both, because it's not
suf cient to have a ‘rising tide’ if no one is changing places on the ladder,” says Morton. “That suggests people are doing
better but the meritocracy is broken.”
No. 16
The conservatives pay more attention to a person’s position in the society as opposed to only the increase in living
standard compared to the previous generation.
Is this statement true according to the passage? Which part con rms it?
A. Yes, it is hinted that they agree that absolute increases in mobility are important.
B. Yes, it is mentioned that the conservatives believe in “a rising tide lifts all boats”.
C. Yes, it is said that it is easier to reach the top where incomes are more equal.
D. No, it is said that ranks don’t matter much when the living standards improve.
E. No, it is stated that they don’t care about such things as opposed to the liberals.
No. 17
According to the passage, which of the following ideas might the liberals agree with?
A. Having wealthy parents is not important to have economic mobility.

B. Americans in general have it easier than Europeans when it comes to mobility.
C. It is important to be able to move up the economic ladder in a society.
D. Meritocracy must be the foundation of any social and economic system.
E. Absolute increase in mobility is far more critical than relative mobility.
Set 03 Extended
In exchange for a less secure safety net, the United States has historically offered more economic mobility — a
better chance of moving from rags to riches — than Europe. And polls show Americans are far more likely to believe that
they have more upward mobility than Europeans. About two-thirds of Americans agree that “people are rewarded for
But the historical pattern appears to be changing. Recent studies show that the United States, together with the
United Kingdom, has exceptionally low mobility compared to other European countries, if measured by the ability of men
to rise above their fathers' economic rank. In the United States and Great Britain about half of parental-earnings
advantages are passed on to sons — meaning it would take an average of six generations for family economic advantage
to disappear. Fathers' earnings have the least effect on their sons' earnings in Norway, Finland and Denmark, where less
than 20 percent of income advantages are passed on to children. One reason may be that in such countries, where
incomes are more equal, it's a shorter jump in absolute dollars from the bottom rung to the top.
But if your earnings are higher than your father's — an absolute increase — do you care where you rank on your
nation's economic ladder? And if a more vibrant economy is creating an improved standard of living for everyone on the
ladder, does your rank really matter that much?
That perspective, often voiced by conservatives, re ects their stronger emphasis on absolute increases in mobility
made possible by a growing economy — the belief that “a rising tide lifts all boats.” By contrast, “liberals tend to be more
problem.
“If we're true to the notion of America as a meritocracy, you want to see some combination of both, because it's
not suf cient to have a ‘rising tide’ if no one is changing places on the ladder,” says Morton. “That suggests people are
doing better but the meritocracy is broken.”
No. 18
What does John E. Morton think about the American meritocracy?
A. The US should stay true to its notion of meritocracy because it makes people wealthier in general.
B. Meritocracy is important to ensure effective absolute economic mobility in the United States.
C. Meritocracy without relative mobility does not guarantee a changing place in the social ladder.
D. Meritocracy does not happen if the US does not take into consideration both absolute and relative mobility.
E. Meritocracy is something that both the conservatives and liberals in American society should strive for.
No. 19
What might the clause “a rising tide lifts all boats” mean in the context of the passage?
A. An increase in relative mobility of one’s income makes everyone better off.

B. An improvement in the overall economy betters everyone’s living standards.
C. An absolute increase in mobility is better than a relative increase in mobility.
D. People should strive for better opportunities to get economically ahead.
E. Individual wealth does not matter if the society does not collectively improve.
Set 03 Extended
Halaman 9
Set 03 Extended
No. 20
The passage shows that the following statements are true, except ….
A. Europe has a more secure social security system than the US.
B. The conservatives are less likely to complain about the rigidity of ranks in the economic ladder.
C. The US no longer gives better chances for people to move from rags to riches compared to Europe.
D. In the past, the US and United Kingdom were leading other economies in economic mobility.
E. Europeans are more likely to rank better than their parents in the economic ladder compared to the US.
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