Matematik Tambahan Tingkatan 4

Unit 3
3.1.1 Hapuskan z daripada persamaan ➀ dan ➁:
Eliminate z from equations ➀ and ➁:
A
2x – y + z = 5 × 2 4x – 2y + 2z = 10
1 Bukan, kerana pemboleh ubah y dalam x + y + 2z = 13 × 1 x + y + 2z = 13 –
1
persamaan 6y 2 − z = 0 ialah bukan linear 3x – 3y = –3.............➄
2
➃ × 3: 15x + 3y = 39.............➅
dengan kuasa tertingginya 2.
➄ + ➅: 18x = 36
1

No, because variable of y in equation 6y 2 − z=0 36
2 =
is not linear with the highest power is 2. 18
=2
2 Ya, kerana terdapat tiga pemboleh ubah dalam Gantikan x = 2 ke dalam ➃:
sistem dan saling berkaitan. Substitute x = 2 into ➃:
Yes, because there are three variables in the 5(2) + y = 13
systems and interrelated. 10 + y = 13
y = 3
B
Gantikan x = 2 dan y = 3 ke dalam ➀:
1 Katakan x ialah mesin A beroperasi Substitute x = 2 and y = 3 into ➀:
y ialah mesin B beroperasi 2(2) – 3 + z = 5
z ialah mesin C beroperasi 1+z=5
Let x is machine A is operating z = 4
y is machine B is operating Maka, penyelesaian ialah x = 2, y = 3 dan z = 4.
z is machine C is operating Thus, the solutions are x = 2, y = 3 and z = 4.
Maka / Thus, x + y + z = 57
x + y = 34 2 x – 2y + 3z = 7..............➀
x + z = 42 2x + y + z = 4..............➁
–3x + 2y – 2z = –10..........➂
2 Katakan x ialah hasil kebun, dalam kg, Pak Zaid ➀ + ➂: –2x + z = –3............➃
y ialah hasil kebun, dalam kg, Ah Seng ➁ × 2: 4x + 2y + 2z = 8..............➄
z ialah hasil kebun, dalam kg, Rama ➂ – ➄: –7x – 4z = –18..........➅
Let x is result of Pak Zaid’s garden, in kg ➃ × 4: –8x + 4z = –12..........➆
y is result of Ah Seng’s garden, in kg ➅ + ➆: –15x = –30
z is result of Rama’s garden, in kg –30
Maka / Thus, y – x = 15 x=
–15
x – z = 15 =2
x + y + z = 225 Gantikan x = 2 ke dalam ➃:
Substitute x = 2 into ➃:
3.1.2 –2(2) + z = –3
–4 + z = –3
A
z = 1
1 2x – y + z = 5.............➀ Gantikan x = 2 dan z = 1 ke dalam ➀:
x + y + 2z = 13...........➁ Substitute x = 2 and z = 1 into ➀:
3x + 2y – z = 8.............➂ 2 – 2y + 3(1) = 7
Hapuskan z daripada persamaan ➀ dan ➂: 5 – 2y = 7
Eliminate z from equations ➀ and ➂: 2y = –2
2x – y + z = 5 y = –1
3x + 2y – z = 8 + Maka, penyelesaian ialah x = 2, y = –1 dan z = 1.
5x + y = 13.............➃ Thus, the solutions are x = 2, y = –1 and z = 1.

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Matematik Tambahan Tingkatan 4

3 2x + 3y – z = 9..............➀ Gantikan y = 3 ke dalam ➄:

3x + 2y + 2z = 4..............➁ Substitute y = 3 into ➄:
4x – 3y – 3z = 11.............➂ 7(3) + 14
z=
➀ + ➂: 6x – 4z = 20............➃ 5
➁ × 3: 9x + 6y + 6z = 12............➄ 35
=
➂ × 2: 8x – 6y – 6z = 22.............➅ 5
➄ + ➅: 17x = 34 = 7
34 Gantikan y = 3 dan z = 7 ke dalam ➀:
x= Substitute y = 3 and z = 7 into ➀:
17
=2 x − 2y + z = 6
Gantikan x = 2 ke dalam ➃: x − 2(3) + 7 = 6
Substitute x = 2 into ➃: x+1=6
6(2) – 4z = 20 x=5
12 – 4z = 20 Maka, penyelesaian ialah x = 5, y = 3 dan z = 7.
4z = –8 Thus, the solutions are x = 5, y = 3 and z = 7.
z = –2
2 x + 3y – z = 4.............➀
Gantikan x = 2 dan z = –2 ke dalam ➀:
x + 2y + 3z = 7.............➁
Substitute x = 2 and z = –2 into ➀:
x + y – z = 2.............➂
2(2) + 3y – (–2) = 9
Ubah persamaan ➀ menjadi,
6 + 3y = 9
Change the equation ➀ becomes,
3y = 3
x + 3y – z = 4
y = 1
x = –3y + z + 4.............➃
Maka, penyelesaian ialah x = 2, y = 1 dan z = –2.
Gantikan x = –3y + z + 4 ke dalam persamaan ➁:
Thus, the solutions are x = 2, y = 1 and z = –2.
Substitute x = –3y + z + 4 into equation ➁:
B –3y + z + 4 + 2y + 3z = 7
1 x – 2y + z = 6.............➀ –y + 4z = 3
3x + y – 2z = 4.............➁ 4z = y + 3
7x – 6y – z = 10...........➂ y+3
z= .............➄
Ubah persamaan ➀ menjadi, 4
Gantikan x = –3y + z + 4 ke dalam persamaan ➂:
Change the equation ➀ becomes,
Substitute x = –3y + z + 4 into equation ➂:
x – 2y + z = 6
x+y−z=2
x = 2y – z + 6.............➃
–3y + z + 4 + y − z = 2
Gantikan x = 2y − z + 6 ke dalam persamaan ➁:
–2y = –2
Substitute x = 2y − z + 6 into equation ➁:
y=1
3(2y − z + 6) + y − 2z = 4
Gantikan y = 1 ke dalam ➄:
6y − 3z + 18 + y − 2z = 4
Substitute y = 1 into ➄:
7y − 5z = −14
5z = 7y + 14 1+3
z=
7y + 14 4
z= .............➄ = 1
5
Gantikan x = 2y − z + 6 ke dalam persamaan ➂: Gantikan y = 1 dan z = 1 ke dalam ➀:
Substitute x = 2y − z + 6 into equation ➂: Substitute y = 1 and z = 1 into ➀:
7(2y − z + 6) − 6y − z = 10 x + 3y – z = 4
14y − 7z + 42 − 6y − z = 10 x + 3(1) – 1 = 4
8y − 8z = −32.............➅ x+2=4
Gantikan ➄ ke dalam ➅: / Substitute ➄ into ➅: x=2
Maka, penyelesaian ialah x = 2, y = 1 dan z = 1.
8y − 8 (
7y + 14
5 )
= −32 Thus, the solutions are x = 2, y = 1 and z = 1.
40y − 56y − 112 = −160
16y = 48
48
y=
16
=3

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 Matematik Tambahan Tingkatan 4

3 2x + y + z = 4..............➀ Gantikan x = –2y + 3z + 7 ke dalam persamaan ➂:

3x – y + 2z = –5..........➁ Substitute x = –2y + 3z + 7 into equation ➂:
x + 2y + 2z = 5............➂ 2x + y + z = 4
Ubah persamaan ➀ menjadi, 2(−2y +3z + 7) + y + z = 4
Change the equation ➀ becomes, −4y + 6z + 14 + y + z = 4
2x + y + z = 4 −3y + 7z = −10.............➅
y = –2x – z + 4.............➃ Gantikan ➄ ke dalam ➅: / Substitute ➄ into ➅:
Gantikan y = –2x – z + 4 ke dalam persamaan ➁:
Substitute y = –2x – z + 4 into equation ➁:
–3y + 7 (7y – 17
10 ) = −10
3x – y + 2z = –5 −30y + 49y − 119 = −100
3x + 2x + z – 4 + 2z = –5 19y = 19
5x + 3z = −1 y=1
3z = –5x –1 Gantikan y = 1 ke dalam ➄:
–5x – 1 Substitute y = 1 into ➄:
z= .............➄
3 7(1) – 17
Gantikan y = –2x – z + 4 ke dalam persamaan ➂: z=
10
Substitute y = –2x – z + 4 into equation ➂: = –1
x + 2y + 2z = 5 Gantikan y = 1 dan z = –1 ke dalam ➀:
x + 2(−2x − z + 4) + 2z = 5 Substitute y = 1 and z = –1 into ➀:
x − 4x − 2z + 8 + 2z = 5 x + 2(1) − 3(−1) = 7
−3x + 8 = 5 x+5=7
3x = 3 x=2
x=1 Maka, penyelesaian ialah x = 2, y = 1 dan z = –1.
Gantikan x = 1 ke dalam ➄: Thus, the solutions are x = 2, y = 1 and z = –1.
Substitute x = 1 into ➄:
–5(1) – 1 5 x – y – z = 3...............➀
z= –x + 2y + 5z = –1.............➁
3
–6 x + y + 4z = 4...............➂
=
3 Ubah persamaan ➀ menjadi,
= –2 Change the equation ➀ becomes,
Gantikan x = 1 dan z = –2 ke dalam ➀: x–y–z=3
Substitute x = 1 and z = –2 into ➀: x = y + z + 3.............➃
2(1) + y – 2 = 4 Gantikan x = y + z + 3 ke dalam persamaan ➁:
y=4 Substitute x = y + z + 3 into equation ➁:
Maka, penyelesaian ialah x = 1, y = 4 dan z = –2. −x + 2y + 5z = −1
Thus, the solutions are x = 1, y = 4 and z = –2. −(y + z + 3) + 2y + 5z = −1
−y − z − 3 + 2y + 5z = −1
4 x + 2y – 3z = 7.............➀ y + 4z = 2
3x – y + z = 4.............➁ y = 2 − 4z.............➄
2x + y + z = 4.............➂ Gantikan x = y + z + 3 ke dalam persamaan ➂:
Ubah persamaan ➀ menjadi, Substitute x = y + z + 3 into equation ➂:
Change the equation ➀ becomes, x + y + 4z = 4
x + 2y – 3z = 7 y + z + 3 + y + 4z = 4
x = –2y + 3z + 7.............➃ 2y + 5z = 1.............➅
Gantikan x = –2y + 3z + 7 ke dalam persamaan ➁: Gantikan ➄ ke dalam ➅: / Substitute ➄ into ➅:
Substitute x = –2y + 3z + 7 into equation ➁: 2(2 − 4z) + 5z = 1
3x − y + z = 4 4 − 8z + 5z = 1
3(−2y + 3z + 7) − y + z = 4 4 − 3z = 1
−6y + 9z + 21 − y + z = 4 3z = 3
−7y + 10z = −17 z=1
10z = 7y − 17 Gantikan z = 1 ke dalam ➄:
7y – 17 Substitute z = 1 into ➄:
z= .............➄
10 y = 2 – 4(1)
= –2

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Matematik Tambahan Tingkatan 4

Gantikan y = –2 dan z = 1 ke dalam ➀: ➄ – ➁: 3x = 36

Substitute y = –2 and z = 1 into ➀: x = 12
x−y−z=3 Gantikan x = 12 ke dalam ➃:
x − (−2) − 1 = 3 Substitute x = 12 into ➃:
x+1=3 12 + z = 20
x=2 z=8
Maka, penyelesaian ialah x = 2, y = –2 dan z = 1. Gantikan x = 12 dan z = 8 ke dalam ➀:
Thus, the solutions are x = 2, y = –2 and z = 1. Substitute x = 12 and z = 8 into ➀:
3(12) + y + 2(8) = 62
3.1.3 y + 52 = 62
y = 10
A
Maka, harga sekilogram buah duku, jambu dan
1 Katakan x ialah jumlah wang, dalam RM, yang mangga masing-masing ialah RM12, RM10 dan
dimiliki Pawaz RM8. / Thus, the price of one kilogram of duku,
y ialah jumlah wang, dalam RM, yang guavas and mangoes are RM12, RM10 and RM8
dimiliki Faridz respectively.
dan z ialah jumlah wang, dalam RM, yang
dimiliki Imran 3 Katakan x ialah bilangan ayam kampung
Let x is the total money owned by Pawaz, in RM y ialah bilangan ayam laga
y is the total money owned by Faridz, in RM dan z ialah bilangan ayam serama
and z is the total money owned by Imran, in RM Let x is the number of ‘ayam kampung’
Tiga persamaan linear yang dibentuk, y is the number of ‘ayam laga’
Three linear equations formed, and z is the number of ‘ayam serama’
x + y + z = 150............➀ Tiga persamaan linear yang dibentuk,
–x – y + 2z = 30..............➁ ← 2z – (x + y) = 30 Three linear equations formed,
x – 2y + z = 30..............➂ ← (x + z) – 2y = 30 x + y + z = 135............➀
➀ + ➁: 3z = 180 y – x = 15..............➁
z = 60 4y – 3z = 0................➂ ← y : z = 3 : 4
➀ – ➂: 3y = 120 Ubah persamaan ➀ menjadi,
y = 40 Change the equation ➀ becomes,
Gantikan y = 40 dan z = 60 ke dalam ➀: x + y + z = 135
Substitute y = 40 and z = 60 into ➀: x = 135 – y – z
x + 40 + 60 = 150 Gantikan x = 135 – y – z ke dalam persamaan ➁:
x + 100 = 150 Substitute x = 135 – y – z into equation ➁:
x = 50 y − (135 − y − z) = 15
Maka, jumlah wang Pawaz, Faridz dan Imran 2y + z − 135 = 15
masing-masing ialah RM50, RM40 dan RM60. 2y + z = 150.............➃
Thus, the total money owned by Pawaz, Faridz and ➃ × 3: 6y + 3z = 450.............➄
Imran are RM50, RM40 and RM60 respectively. ➂ + ➄: 10y = 450
y = 45
2 Katakan x ialah harga sekilogram buah duku Gantikan y = 45 ke dalam ➁:
y ialah harga sekilogram buah jambu Substitute y = 45 into ➁:
dan z ialah harga sekilogram buah mangga 45 – x = 15
Let x is the price of one kilogram of duku x = 30
y is the price of one kilogram of guavas Gantikan y = 45 ke dalam ➃:
and z is the price of one kilogram of mangoes Substitute y = 45 into ➃:
Tiga persamaan linear yang dibentuk, 2(45) + z = 150
Three linear equations formed, 90 + z = 150
3x + y + 2z = 62..............➀ z = 60
x + 2y + 2z = 48..............➁ Maka, bilangan ayam laga dan ayam serama
2x + y + z = 42..............➂ masing-masing ialah 45 ekor dan 60 ekor.
➀ – ➂: x + z = 20............➃ Thus, the number of ayam laga and ayam serama
➂ × 2: 4x + 2y + 2z = 84............➄ are 45 and 60 respectively.

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 Matematik Tambahan Tingkatan 4

3.2.1 3 2x + 3y = 9...............➀
6y x
A – = –1
x y
1 2x – y = 2.............➀ 6y – x = –xy...............➁
2 2

x 2 + y 2 = 8.............➁ Daripada persamaan ➀: / From equation ➀:

Daripada persamaan ➀: / From equation ➀: 9 – 2x
y= ..............➂
y = 2x – 2..............➂ 3
Gantikan ➂ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➂ into ➁: Gantikan ➂ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➂ into ➁:


x 2 + (2x − 2)2 = 8
x + 4x 2 − 8x + 4 = 8
2
6 (
9 – 2x 2
3 ) – x 2 = –x (
9 – 2x
3 )
5x 2 − 8x − 4 = 0
(
81 – 36x + 4x 2
) 2x – 9x
2
6 – x2 =
(5x + 2)(x − 2) = 0 9 3
2 486 − 216x + 24x 2 − 9x 2 = 6x 2 − 27x
x = – atau / or x = 2
5 9x 2 − 189x + 486 = 0
2 x 2 − 21x + 54 = 0
Gantikan x = – ke dalam ➂:
5 (x − 3)(x − 18) = 0
2
Substitute x = – into ➂: x = 3 atau / or x = 18
5
y=2– ( )
2
5
–2
Gantikan x = 3 ke dalam ➂:
Substitute x = 3 into ➂:
4 9 − 2(3)
= – – 2 y=
5 3
14 3
= – =
5 3
Gantikan x = 2 ke dalam ➂: = 1
Substitute x = 2 into ➂: Gantikan x = 18 ke dalam ➂:
y = 2(2) – 2 Substitute x = 18 into ➂:
= 2 9 − 2(18)
y=
2 14 3
Maka, x = – ; y = – dan x = 2; y = 2.
5 5 –27
=
2 14 3
Thus, x = – ; y = – and x = 2; y = 2.
5 5 = –9
Maka, x = 3; y = 1 dan x = 18; y = –9.
2 3x – 5y = 1.............➀ Thus, x = 3; y = 1 and x = 18; y = –9.
x 2 + 2xy = 8............➁
Daripada persamaan ➀: / From equation ➀: 4 2x + 5y = x 2 – 2y 2 + 2xy = 1
5y + 1 2x + 5y = 1...............➀
x= ..............➂
3 x 2 – 2y 2 + 2xy = 1...............➁
Gantikan ➂ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➂ into ➁: Daripada persamaan ➀: / From equation ➀:
( 3 )
5y + 1 2
(
+ 2y )
5y + 1
3
=8 y=
1 – 2x
5
..............➂
25y 2 + 10y + 1 10y 2 + 2y Gantikan ➂ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➂ into ➁:

( ) ( )
+ =8 1 – 2x 2 1 – 2x
9 3 x2 – 2 + 2x =1
25y + 10y + 1 + 30y + 6y = 72
2 2 5 5


55y 2 + 16y − 71 = 0
(55y + 71)(y – 1) = 0
x 2 – 2 (1 – 4x + 4x 2
25
+ )
2x – 4x 2
5
=1

71 25x 2 − 2 + 8x – 8x 2 + 10x – 20x 2 = 25

y=− atau / or y = 1 −3x 2 + 18x − 27 = 0
55
x 2 – 6x + 9 = 0
(x – 3)(x – 3) = 0
x=3

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Matematik Tambahan Tingkatan 4

Gantikan x = 3 ke dalam ➂: Gantikan y = −0.5359 ke dalam ➂:

Substitute x = 3 into ➂: Substitute y = −0.5359 into ➂:
1 − 2(3) x = −0.5359 + 3
y=
5 = 2.464
–5 Maka, x = −4.464; y = −7.464 dan
=
5 x = 2.464; y = −0.536.
= –1 Thus, x = −4.464; y = −7.464 and
Maka / Thus, x = 3; y = –1. x = 2.464; y = −0.536.
B
3 3x – y = 2...............➀
1 3x + y = 1...............➀ 2x y
x 2 + 2y 2 + 2xy = 10.............➁ – =3
y x
Daripada persamaan ➀: / From equation ➀:
2x 2 – y 2 = 3xy.............➁
y = 1 – 3x..............➂
Daripada persamaan ➀: / From equation ➀:
Gantikan ➂ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➂ into ➁:
y = 3x − 2..............➂
x 2 + 2(1 − 3x)2 + 2x(1 − 3x) = 10
Gantikan ➂ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➂ into ➁:
x + 2 − 12x + 18x 2 + 2x − 6x 2 = 10
2
2x 2 − y 2 = 3xy
13x 2 − 10x − 8 = 0
2x 2 − (3x − 2)2 = 3x(3x − 2)
–(–10) ± (–10)2 − 4(13)(–8)
x= 2x − 9x 2 + 12x − 4 = 9x 2 − 6x
2
2(13)
16x 2 − 18x + 4 = 0
10 ± 516 8x 2 − 9x + 2 = 0
=
26 –(–9) ± (–9)2 − 4(8)(2)
= −0.4891 atau / or 1.2583 x=
2(8)
Gantikan x = −0.4891 ke dalam ➂:
Substitute x = −0.4891 into ➂: 9 ± 17
=
y = 1 − 3(−0.4891) 16
= 2.467 = 0.3048 atau / or 0.8202
Gantikan y = 1.2583 ke dalam ➂: Gantikan x = 0.3048 ke dalam ➂:
Substitute y = 1.2583 into ➂: Substitute x = 0.3048 into ➂:
y = 1 − 3(1.2583) y = 3(0.3048) − 2 = −1.086
= −2.775
Gantikan y = 0.8202 ke dalam ➂:
Maka, x = −0.489; y = 2.467 dan
Substitute y = 0.8202 into ➂:
x = 1.258; y = −2.775.
y = 3(0.8202) − 2 = 0.461
Thus, x = −0.489; y = 2.467 and
x = 1.258; y = −2.775. Maka, x = 0.305; y = −1.086 dan
x = 0.820; y = 0.461.
2 x – y = 3.............➀ Thus, x = 0.305; y = −1.086 and
x 2 + 2y = 5.............➁ x = 0.820; y = 0.461.
Daripada persamaan ➀: / From equation ➀:
x = y + 3..............➂ C
Gantikan ➂ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➂ into ➁: 1
1y=1–x
(y + 3)2 + 2y = 5 2
y + 6y + 9 + 2y = 5
2 y = 2 – 2x...............➀
y 2 + 8y + 4 = 0 y 2 = 2x + 10.............➁
Gantikan ➀ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➀ into ➁:
–8 ± 82 − 4(1)(4)
y= (2 − 2x)2 = 2x + 10
2(1)
4 − 8x + 4x 2 = 2x + 10
–8 ± 48 4x 2 − 10x − 6 = 0
=
2 2x 2 − 5x − 3 = 0
= −7.4641 atau / or −0.5359 (2x + 1)(x − 3) = 0
Gantikan y = −7.4641 ke dalam ➂: 1
Substitute y = −7.4641 into ➂: x = – atau / or x = 3
2
x = −7.4641 + 3
= −4.464

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 Matematik Tambahan Tingkatan 4

1 Gantikan x = 1 ke dalam ➀:
Gantikan x = – ke dalam ➀:
2 Substitute x = 1 into ➀:
1 14 – 2(1)

Substitute x = – into ➀: y=
2 3

y=2–2–
1
2( )
=3
=
12
3
Gantikan x = 3 ke dalam ➀: = 4
Substitute x = 3 into ➀:
Gantikan x = 6 ke dalam ➀:
y = 2 − 2(3) = –4
Substitute x = 6 into ➀:

( 12 , 3) dan B(3,−4).
Maka, A –
y=
14 – 2(6)
3
=
2
3
Thus, A(– , 3) and B(3,−4).
( 23 ).
1
2 Maka, A(1, 4) dan B 6,

Thus, A(1, 4) and B(6, ).

2
2 y = 3 – 2x...............➀
3
x 2 + y 2 = 5.......................➁
Gantikan ➀ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➀ into ➁:
x 2 + (3 − 2x)2 = 5 3.2.2
x + 9 − 12x + 4x 2 = 5
2 A
5x 2 − 12x + 4 = 0 1 Diberi luas tanaman jagung ialah 204 m2
(5x – 2)(x − 2) = 0 Given the area for corn crops is 204 m2
2
x= atau / or x = 2 Jadi / Then, 18x − (18 − y )(x − 8) = 204
5
2 18x − (18x − 144 − xy + 8y) = 204
Gantikan x = ke dalam ➀: 144 + xy − 8y = 204
5
2 xy − 8y = 60.............➀
Substitute x = into ➀:
5 Dan perimeter tanaman keladi ialah 28 m
x=3–2 ( )
2
5
Given the perimeter of yam crops is 28 m
Jadi / Then, 2(18 − y) + 2(x − 8) = 28
4 36 − 2y + 2x − 16 = 28
= 3 –
5 20 − 2y + 2x = 28
11
= 2x = 2y + 8
5
x = y + 4.............➁
Gantikan x = 2 ke dalam ➀:
Gantikan ➁ ke dalam ➀: / Substitute ➁ into ➀:
Substitute x = 2 into ➀:
y(y + 4) − 8y = 60
y = 3 − 2(2) = –1
y 2 − 4y − 60 = 0
Maka, A ( 25 , 115 ) dan B(2,−1). (y + 6)(y − 10) = 0
y = –6 atau / or y = 10

Thus, A( ,
5 5 )
2 11 Gantikan y = 10 ke dalam ➁:
and B(2,−1).
Substitute y = 10 into ➁:
x = 10 + 4
3 3y = 14 – 2x = 14
14 – 2x Maka, x = 14 dan y = 10. / Thus, x = 14 and y = 10.
y = ...............➀
3
xy = 4...........................➁
Gantikan ➀ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➀ into ➁:

x (14 – 2x
3 ) =4

14x – 2x 2 = 12
2x − 14x + 12 = 0
2

x 2 − 7x + 6 = 0
(x – 1)(x − 6) = 0
x = 1 atau / or x = 6

7 © Nilam Publication Sdn. Bhd.

Matematik Tambahan Tingkatan 4

Sudut HOTS / HOTS Corner Latihan Sumatif / Summative Exercise

Kertas 1 / Paper 1
1 (a) Bukan kerana kerana kuasa tertinggi setiap
pemboleh ubah bukan 1. / No because the 1 –2x + 4y – z = 4...............➀
highest power of each variable is not 1. x + 2y + 2z = 16.............➁
2x – 5y + 3z = 1...............➂
1 1 1 ➁ × 2: 2x + 4y + 4z = 32.............➃
(b) Katakan = a, = b dan =c
x y z ➀ + ➂: –y + 2z = 5...............➄
1 1 1 ➃ – ➂: 9y + z = 31.............➅
Let = a, = b dan =c
x y z ➅ × 2: 18y + 2z = 62.............➆
Jadi / Then, a + b + c = 5...............➀ ➆ – ➄: 19y = 57
2a – 3b – 4c = –11...........➁ y=3
3a + 2b – c = –6.............➂ Gantikan y = 3 ke dalam ➄:
➀ × 4: 4a + 4b + 4c = 20.............➃ Substitute y = 3 into ➄:
➀ + ➂: 4a + 3b = –1.............➄ −3 + 2z = 5
➁ + ➃: 6a + b = 9...............➅ 2z = 8
➅ × 3: 18a + 3b = 27.............➆ z=4
➆ – ➄: 14a = 28 Gantikan y = 3 dan z = 4 ke dalam ➀:
a= 2 Substitute y = 3 and z = 4 into ➀:
Gantikan a = 2 ke dalam ➄: −2x + 4(3) − 4 = 4
Substitute a = 2 into ➄: 8 − 2x = 4
4(2) + 3b = −1 2x = 4
8 + 3b = −1 x = 2
3b = −9 Maka, x = 2, y = 3 dan z = 4.
b = −3 Thus, x = 2, y = 3 and z = 4.
Gantikan a = 2 dan b = –3 ke dalam ➀:
Substitute a = 2 and b = –3 into ➀: 2 2x + y + z = 4...............➀
2−3+c=5 3x – y + 2z = –5.............➁
c−1=5 x + 2y + 2z = 5...............➂
c = 6 ➀ × 2: 4x + 2y + 2z = 8...............➃
1 ➁ – ➂: 2x – 3y = –10...........➄
Maka / Thus, =a
x ➃ – ➂: 3x = 3
1 x=1
=2
x Gantikan x = 1 ke dalam ➄:
1
x= Substitute x = 1 into ➄:
2
1 2(1) − 3y = −10
=b 2 − 3y = −10
y
1 3y = 12
= –3 y=4
y
1 Gantikan x = 1 dan y = 4 ke dalam ➀:
y=–
3 Substitute x = 1 and y = 4 into ➀:
1 2(1) + 4 + z = 4
dan / and, =c
z 6+z=4
1 z = –2
=6
z Maka / Thus, x + y + z = 1 + 4 + (−2)
1 =3
z=
6
3 3x – 2y + z = –11.............➀
5x – y + 3z = –10.............➁
x – y + z = –4...............➂
➀ – ➂: 2x – y = –7...............➃
➀ × 3: 9x – 6y + 3z = –33.............➄
➄ – ➁: 4x – 5y = –23.............➅
➃ × 5: 10x – 5y = –35.............➆

© Nilam Publication Sdn. Bhd. 8

 Matematik Tambahan Tingkatan 4

➆ – ➅: 6x = –12 Jadi, penyelesaiannya ialah (5, −2) atau (−3, 2).

x = –2 Then, the solutions are (5, −2) or (−3, 2).
Gantikan x = –2 ke dalam ➃: Maka, nilai maksimum / Thus, maximum value
Substitute x = –2 into ➃: a + 4b = −3 + 4(2) = 5
2(−2) − y = −7
−4 − y = −7 6 (4k − x)2 + 2x 2 = 12k
y=3 16k − 8kx + x 2 + 2x 2 = 12k
2

Gantikan x = –2 dan y = 3 ke dalam ➀: 3x 2 − 8kx + 16k 2 − 12k = 0

Substitute x = –2 and y = 3 into ➀: Untuk punca nyata / For real roots, b 2 − 4ac ≥ 0
3(−2) − 2(3) + z = −11 (−8k)2 − 4(3)(16k 2 − 12k) ≥ 0
−12 + z = −11 64k 2 − 192k 2 + 144k ≥ 0
z = 1 −128k 2 + 144k ≥ 0
Maka / Thus, x + y + z = −2 + 3 + 1 128k 2 − 144k ≤ 0
=2 16k(8k − 9) ≤ 0
9
0≤k≤
4 y + x = –1.............➀ 8
9
3y + 2xy − x 2 = 4...............➁
2
Maka, nilai maksimum bagi k ialah .
8
Daripada persamaan ➀: / From equation ➀: 9
y = –1 – x..............➂ Thus, the maximum value of k is .
8
Gantikan ➂ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➂ into ➁:
3(−1 − x)2 + 2x(−1 − x) − x 2 = 4 7 (a) Apabila / When (4, −1),
3 + 6x + 3x 2 − 2x − 2x 2 − x 2 = 4 ax + 3y = b
4x = 1 4a + 3(−1) = b
1 4a − b = 3.............➀
x=
4 x 2 + xy − ay 2 = 2b
1
Gantikan x = ke dalam ➂: 42 + 4(−1) − a(−1)2 = 2b
4
1 16 − 4 − a = 2b
Substitute x = into ➂: 12 − a = 2b
4
1 a + 2b = 12.............➁
y = –1 –
4 ➀ × 2: 8a – 2b = 6.............➂
5 ➁ + ➂: 9a = 18
= –
4
( )
1 5 a=2
Maka / Thus, m – 7n = –7− Gantikan a = 2 ke dalam ➀:
4 4
1 35 Substitute a = 2 into ➀:
= + 4(2) − b = 3
4 4
=9 8−b=3
b=5
5 x + 2y = 1.............➀ Maka / Thus, a = 2, b = 5.
x 2 + y 2 – 2x = 19...........➁
(b) 2x + 3y = 5...............➀
Daripada persamaan ➀: / From equation ➀:
x 2 + xy − 2y 2 = 10.............➁
x = 1 – 2y..............➂
Daripada persamaan ➀: / From equation ➀:
Gantikan ➂ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➂ into ➁:
5 – 2x
(1 − 2y)2 + y 2 − 2(1 − 2y) = 19 y = .............➂
3
1 − 4y + 4y 2 +y 2 −2 + 4y = 19
Gantikan ➂ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➂ into ➁:
5y 2 = 20


y2 = 4
y = ±2
x2 + x (5 – 2x
3 ) (
–2
3 )
5 – 2x 2
= 10

Gantikan y = –2 ke dalam ➀:
Substitute y = –2 into ➀:
x2 +
5x – 2x 2
3
–2 ( 25 – 20x + 4x 2
9 )
= 10
9x + 15x – 6x − 50 + 40x – 8x = 90
2 2 2

x = 1 − 2(−2) = 5 5x 2 − 55x + 140 = 0

Gantikan y = 2 ke dalam ➀: x 2 − 11x + 28 = 0
Substitute y = 2 into ➀: (x − 4)(x − 7) = 0
x = 1 − 2(2) = –3 x = 4 atau / or x = 7

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Matematik Tambahan Tingkatan 4

Gantikan x = 7 ke dalam ➀: (b) y = 2x – 2..............➀

Substitute x = 7 into ➀: x 2 + y 2 = 8.............➁
14 + 3y = 5 Gantikan ➀ ke dalam ➁:
3y = −9 Substitute ➀ into ➁:
y = −3 x 2 + (2x − 2)2 = 8
Maka, penyelesaian yang lain ialah (7, −3). x + 4x 2 − 8x + 4 = 8
2

Thus, the other solution is (7, −3). 5x 2 − 8x − 4 = 0

(5x + 2)(x − 2) = 0
8 Katakan x ialah umur, dalam tahun, Fazura 2
x = − atau / or x = 2
y ialah umur, dalam tahun, Jamilah 5
Let x is age, in year, Fazura 2
Gantikan x = – ke dalam ➀:
y is age, in year, Jamilah 5
Jadi / Then, x – y = 5 2
Substitute x = – into ➀:
x = y + 5.............➀ 5
y 2 = 1 + 4x...........➁
Gantikan ➀ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➀ into ➁:
y=2− ( )2
5
−2
4
y 2 = 1 + 4(y + 5) =– −2
5
y 2 = 1 + 4y + 20
14
y 2 − 4y − 21 = 0 =–
5
(y + 3)(y − 7) = 0 Gantikan x = 2 ke dalam ➀:
y = −3 atau / or y = 7 Substitute x = 2 into ➀:
Gantikan y = 7 ke dalam ➀: y = 2(2) − 2
Substitute y = 7 into ➀: =2
y=7+5
= 12
Maka, umur Fazura ialah 12 tahun.
Jadi, P(2, 2) dan Q −
2
5( ,–
14
5 )
Thus, age of Fazura is 12 years old.
2
Then, P(2, 2) and Q − , –
5 ( 14
5 )
9 a + b + c = 48.............➀ Maka, titik tengah PQ / Thus, midpoint PQ

( 25 ) ,
a – b + c = 20.............➁


a – b – c = 0...............➂
➀ – ➁: 2b = 28 =
2+ − 2+ − ( 145 )
2 2
b = 14


➁ – ➂: 2c = 20
c = 10
=
4
5 (
,−
2
5 )
Gantikan b = 14 dan c = 10 ke dalam ➀:
11 Diberi perimeter / Given perimeter = 64
Substitute b = 14 and c = 10 into ➀:
Jadi / Then, 4y + 16x = 64
a + 14 + 10 = 48
4y = 64 − 16x
a + 24 = 48
y = 16 − 4x.............➀
a = 24
dan / and luas / area = 240
Maka, a = 24, b = 14 dan c = 10.
1
Thus, a = 24, b = 14 and c = 10. Jadi / Then, 12xy + (6x)(4x) = 240
2
12xy + 12x 2 = 240.............➁
10 (a) A(1, 0) dan / and B(0, −2)
Gantikan ➀ ke dalam ➁: / Substitute ➀ into ➁:
1
Maka, luas ∆AOB = (1)(2) = 1 unit2 12x(16 − 4x) + 12x 2 = 240
2
192x − 48x 2 + 12x 2 = 240
1
Thus, area ∆AOB = (1)(2) = 1 unit2 36x 2 − 192x + 240 = 0
2
9x 2 − 48x + 60 = 0
(3x − 10)(3x − 6) = 0
10
x= atau / or x = 2
3

© Nilam Publication Sdn. Bhd. 10

 Matematik Tambahan Tingkatan 4

Gantikan x = 2 ke dalam ➀: Maka, jumlah umur Puza dan Syahadah ialah

Substitute x = 2 into ➀: 23 + 45 = 68 tahun.
y = 16 − 4(2) Thus, total age of Puza and Syahadah is
= 8 23 + 45 = 68 years.
Maka, x = 2 dan y = 8. / Thus, x = 2 and y = 8.
Kertas 2 / Paper 2
12 Katakan x ialah jumlah wang tabungan, dalam RM, 1 (a) Katakan x ialah berat, dalam kg, sekampit
Ayul beras kampit kecil
y ialah jumlah wang tabungan, dalam RM, y ialah berat, dalam kg, sekampit
Fairuz beras kampit sederhana
z ialah jumlah wang tabungan, dalam RM, z ialah berat, dalam kg, sekampit
Halim beras kampit besar
Let x is the total amount of savings, in RM, Ayul Let x is weight, in kg, of a small bag of rice
y is the total amount of savings, in RM, Fairuz y is weight, in kg, of a medium bag of rice
z is the total amount of savings, in RM, Halim z is weight, in kg, of a large bag of rice
Maka / Thus, 5x + 4y + 8z = 110
−x + y + 2z = 150.............➀ 6x + 4y + 10z = 132
x + z = 1 450..........➁ 8x + 8y + 2z = 76
x + y + z = 2 000..........➂
➂ – ➁: y = 550 (b) 5x + 4y + 8z = 110.............➀
➀ + ➁: y + 3z = 1 600 6x + 4y + 10z = 132..............➁
550 + 3z = 1 600 8x + 8y + 2z = 76...............➂
3z = 1 050 ➁ – ➀: x + 2z = 22...............➃
z = 350 ➁ × 2: 12x + 8y + 20z = 264.............➄
Gantikan z = 350 ke dalam ➁: ➄ – ➂: 4x + 18z = 188.............➅
Substitute z = 350 into ➁: ➃ × 9: 9x + 18z = 198.............➆
x + 350 = 1 450 ➆ – ➅: 5x = 10
x = 1 100 x=2
Maka, jumlah wang tabungan Fairuz dan Halim Gantikan x = 2 ke dalam ➃:
ialah / Thus, total savings of Firuz and Halim is Substitute x = 2 into ➃:
y + z = 550 + 350 2 + 2z = 22
= RM 900 2z = 20
z = 10
13 Katakan x ialah umur, dalam tahun, Faisal Gantikan x = 2 dan z = 10 ke dalam ➀:
y ialah umur, dalam tahun, Puza Substitute x = 2 and z = 10 into ➀:
z ialah umur, dalam tahun, Syahadah 5(2) + 4y + 8(10) = 110
Let x is age, in year, Faisal 4y + 90 = 110
y is age, in year, Puza 4y = 20
z is age, in year, Syahadah y = 5
x – y = 28...............➀ Maka, jumlah berat beras yang dijual pada hari
x – z = 6.................➁ keempat ialah / Thus, the total weight of rice sold in
x + y + z = 119.............➂ the forth day is
➂ – ➁: y + 2z = 113.............➃ 6(2) + 8(5) + 10(10) = 12 + 40 + 100
➁ – ➀: y – z = –22.............➄ = 152 kg
➃ – ➄: 3z = 135
z = 45 2 Katakan x ialah sisi terpendek
Gantikan z = 45 ke dalam ➁: y ialah sisi kedua
Substitute z = 45 into ➁: z ialah sisi terpanjang
x − 45 = 6 Let x is the shortest side
x = 51 y is the second side
Gantikan z = 45 ke dalam ➄: z is the longest side
Substitute z = 45 into ➄: x + y + z = 19...........➀
y − 45 = –22 –2x + z = 0.............➁
y = 23 x + y – z = 3.............➂

11 © Nilam Publication Sdn. Bhd.

Matematik Tambahan Tingkatan 4

➀ – ➁: 3x + y = 19...........➃ Gantikan x = 5 dan z = 8 ke dalam ➁:

➁ + ➂: –x + y = 3.............➄ Substitute x = 5 and z = 8 into ➁:
➃ – ➄: 4x = 16 2(5) + y + 8 = 26
x=4 y + 18 = 26
Gantikan x = 4 ke dalam ➁: y = 8
Substitute x = 4 into ➁: Maka, harga sekampit gula pasir, sebotol minyak
−8 + z = 0 masak dan sekampit beras masing-masing RM5,
z=8 RM8 dan RM8.
Gantikan x = 4 ke dalam ➄: Thus, the price of a bag of sugar, a bottle of
Substitute x = 4 into ➄: cooking oil and a bag of rice are RM5, RM8 and
−4 + y = 3 RM8 respectively.
y=7
Maka, panjang setiap sisi ialah 4, 7 dan 8 cm. x y z 29
5 + – = ...........➀ × 12
Thus, the length of each side is 4, 7 and 8 cm. 2 6 4 6
x y z 23
3 Katakan x ialah bilangan motosikal + + = ...........➁ × 12
3 4 6 3
y ialah bilangan beca x y z 4
– – = – ...........➂ × 12
z ialah bilangan kereta 4 3 6 3
Let x is number of motorcycles 6x + 2y – 3z = 58..............➃
y is number of trishaws 4x + 3y + 2z = 92..............➄
z is number of cars 3x – 4y – 2z = –16............➅
2x + 3y + 4z = 68.............➀ ➄ + ➅: 7x – y = 76..............➆
y + z = 11.............➁ ➃ × 2: 12x + 4y – 6z = 116............➇
x – y = 9...............➂ ➄ × 3: 12x + 9y + 6z = 276............➈
➁ × 4: 4y + 4z = 44.............➃ ➇ + ➈: 24x + 13y = 392............➉
➀ – ➃: 2x – y = 24.............➄ ➆ × 13: 91x – 13y = 988............
➄ – ➂: x = 15 ➉+ : 115x = 1 380
Gantikan x = 15 ke dalam ➂: x = 12
Substitute x = 15 into ➂: Gantikan x = 12 ke dalam ➆:
15 − y = 9 Substitute x = 12 into ➆:
y = 15 − 9 7(12) − y = 76
=6 84 − y = 76
Maka, jumlah bilangan beca ialah 6 buah. y=8
Thus, the total number of trishaws is 6. Gantikan x = 12 dan y = 8 ke dalam ➃:
Substitute x = 12 and y = 8 into ➃:
4 Katakan x ialah harga, dalam RM, sekampit gula 6(12) + 2(8) − 3z = 58
pasir 88 − 3z = 58
y ialah harga, dalam RM, sebotol minyak 3z = 30
masak z = 10
z ialah harga, dalam RM, sekampit beras Maka / Thus, x + y − z = 12 + 8 − 10
Let x is price, in RM, a bag of sugar = 10
y is price, in RM, a bottle of cooking oil
z is price, in RM, a bag of rice

x + 2y + 2z = 37.............➀
2x + y + z = 26.............➁
x + 2y + z = 29.............➂
➀ – ➂: z=8
➁ × 2: 4x + 2y + 16 = 52
4x + 2y = 36.............➃
➃ – ➂: 3x – 8 = 7
3x = 15
x=5

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