PROJECT STRUKTUR BETON

DESAIN BALOK BETON BERTULANG

Dikerjakan oleh :

Nama : Nurul Dwi Endarina

NPM : G1B022007
Mata Kuliah : Struktur Beton
Dosen Pengampu : Ir. Mukhlis Islam, S.T., M.T

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK SIPIL

FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS BENGKULU
2023
SOAL

B3

10 kN/m2
B2
B1

L2

L1
𝑐
qD = 3,2 + = 6,7 kN/m
2
𝑏
qL = 2,5 + = 2,5 kN/m
2
𝑏
L1 = 4 + =4m
5
𝑐
L2 =6+ = 7,75 m
4
fc’ = 21 + c = 28 Mpa
fy = 380 + 2b = 380 MPa
fys = 225 + 2c = 239 MPa
Balok 1 (Bentang 4 m)
Momen Tumpuan : 38.5794 KN m
Momen Lapangan : 22.3803 KN m
Diameter Tulangan : 13
Diameter Sengkang : 10
Selimut Beton : 40
Lebar Balok (b) : 200 mm
Tinggi Balok (h) : 350 mm

Metode dimensi tidak dibatasi

1.Desain Tulangan Pada Balok Tumpuan

Tentukan ρ max

3× 0.85 × fc ' × β 3× 0.85 ×28 × 0.85

= =0.022816
7 × fy 7 ×380

Pakai ρ = 0.008 (Taksiran)

Cek ρ < ρ max

0.008 < 0.022816 ………………..Oke !!

Mencari besaran b dan d yang proposional

6
2 Mu /ϕ ×10
b×d =
ρ ×fy
ρ× fy (1−0.59 '
)
fc
6
2 38.5794 /0.9 ×10
b×d =
0.008 ×380
0.008× 380(1−0.59 )
28

bd2 = 15065725 mm3

b 200 250 300 350

d 274,5 245,5 224,1 207,5

Pakai b = 200
h = 350
Asumsi d = 293,5 (h-d’ = 350- 56,5 = 293,5)
d’ = 40 + øsengkang + øtulangan/2
= 40 + 10 + 13/2
= 56,5

Luas tulangan yang diperlukan (As)

=ρxbxd
= 0.008 x 200 x 293,5
= 469,6 mm2
 2
π × ø tulangan
A1ø =
4
2
π ×13
=
4
= 132,665

Jumlah tulangan yang diperlukan

469 , 6
=
132,665
= 3,54 ≈ 4 tulangan 4D13 ( 2 Sisi Luar, 2 Sisi Dalam)

As pakai
= 4 x A1ø
= 4 x 132,665
= 530,66

Jarak Bebas Datar

=
b− ( 2× selimut beton )−( 2 × ϕsengkang )−(Jumlah tulangan sisi luar × ϕtulangan)
Jumlah Tulangan sisi luar−1
200−( 2 × 40 )−( 2 ×10 )−(2× 13)
=
1
= 74 mm

d’ = (
2 40+ 10+
13
2) 13
+2(40+ 10+13+25+ )
2
4
= 75,5

dt = h-(selimut beton + øsengkang + øtulangan/2)

= 350 – (40 + 10 + 13/2)
= 293,5

As ×fy
a =
0.85 × fc' × b
530 , 66 ×380
=
0.85 ×28 ×200
= 42,36 mm

a
c =
β
42 , 36
=
0.85
 = 49,84

dt−c
εt = × 0.003
c
293 ,5−49 , 84
= ×0.003
49 , 84
= 0.0146
0.0146 > 0.004 » ϕ = 0.9

Menghitung Mn

a
= As × fy × (d - )
2
42 , 36
= 530,66 × 380 × (274,5 - )
2
= 51081816.33 N mm
= 51.08181633 KN m

Menghitung ϕ Mn

= ϕ × Mn
= 0.9 × 51,08181633
= 45,9736347 KN m

Syarat

Mu < ϕ Mn
38.5794 KN m < 45,9736347 KN m ………….BALOK AMAN
2.Desain Tulangan Pada Balok Lapangan

Mu Lapangan = 22,3803

Cek syarat :
- 8h = 8 x 350 = 4000 mm
- sw/2 = 7750/2 = 3875 mm
- Ln/8 = 4000/8 = 500 mm

Jd = 0.7h = 0.7 x 350 = 245 mm

Menghitung As
6
Mu/ϕ ×10
=
Jd × fy
6
22,3803/0 , 9 ×10
=
245 ×380
= 267,099 mm2
2
π × ø tulangan
A1ø =
4
2
π ×13
=
4
= 132,665

Jumlah tulangan yang diperlukan

As
=
A1 ø
267,099
=
132,665
= 2,013 ≈ 2 tulangan 2D13

As pakai
= 2 x A1ø
= 2 x 132,665
= 265,33

Jarak Bebas Datar

=
b− ( 2× selimut beton )−( 2 × ϕsengkang )−(Jumlah tulangan sisi luar × ϕtulangan)
Jumlah Tulangan sisi luar−1
200−( 2 × 40 )−( 2 ×10 )−( 2× 13)
=
1
= 74 mm

d’ = 40 + øsengkang + øtulangan/2
 = 40 + 10 + 13/2
= 56,5

d = h- d’
= 350-56,5 = 293,5
d = dt = 293,5

As ×fy
a =
0.85 × fc' × b
265 , 33× 380
=
0.85 ×28 ×500
= 8,472723 mm

Tentukan ρ max

3× 0.85 × fc ' × β 3× 0.85 ×28 × 0.85

= =0.022816
7 × fy 7 ×380

Menghitung ρ
As
=
b ×d
265 ,33
=
500× 293 , 5
= 0,001808

ρ < ρ max
0,001808 < 0,022816 ……..OKE!!

Syarat
a < tf
8,472723 < 125 ………..OKE!!

a
c =
β
8,472723
=
0.85
= 9,967909

dt−c
εt = × 0.003
c
293 ,5−9,967909
= × 0.003
9,967909
= 0.0853
0,0853> 0,004 » ϕ = 0.9

Menghitung Mn
 a
= As × fy × (d - )
2
8,472723
= 265,33 × 380 × (293,5 - )
2
= 29165122,07 N mm
= 29,16512207 KN m

Menghitung ϕ Mn

= ϕ × Mn
= 0.9 × 29,16512207
= 26,24860987 KN m

Syarat

Mu < ϕ Mn
22,3803 KN m < 26,24860987 KN m ………….BALOK AMAN
3. Desain Tulangan Geser Pada Balok

Gaya geser (Vu) : 52,76 KN

b : 200 mm
d : 274,5
ϕ : 0,75
λ :1
f’c : 28
fy : 239

Hitung :
Vc = 0,17. λ. √ f ' c . b. d
= 0,17. 1. √ 28 . 200. 274,5
= 49385,6
= 49,3856 kN
ϕVc = 0,75 . 49,3856
= 37,0392 kN

0,5ϕVc= 0,5. 37,0392

= 18,5196 kN
5ϕVc = 5. 37,0392
= 185,196 kN

Masuk ke syarat 3
ØVc < Vu < 5ØVc
Syarat 3 37.03919
52.76 185.196
5

As × fy × d
Untuk mencari S =
Vs

Mencari Vs
Vu
Vn =
ϕ
52, 76
=
0 ,75
= 70,34667

Vs = Vn-Vc
= 70,34667 - 49,3856
= 20,96107 X 103

Menggunakan Sengkang 2 Kaki

2
π × ø tulangan
A1ø =
4
2
π ×10
=
4
= 78,50
Av = 2 x A1ø
= 2 x 78,50
= 157

Maka,

157 ×239 ×274 ,5

S =
20961 , 07
= 491,3901

Memilih S dengan meninjau 5 syarat lainnya, pilih nilai yang terkecil :

d 274 , 5
1. = = 68,625
4 4
d 274 , 5
2. = = 137,25
2 2
3. 8 x ø tulanganutama = 8 x 13 = 104
4. 24 x ø tulangan Sengkang = 24 x 10 = 240
5. 300mm

Maka, pakai Sengkang 2 kaki ø 10 jarak 50 mm

Balok 2 (Bentang 7.75 m)

Momen Tumpuan : 71,936 KN m

Momen Lapangan : 43,5618 KN m
Diameter Tulangan : 19
Diameter Sengkang : 10
Selimut Beton : 40
Lebar Balok (b) : 300 mm
Tinggi Balok (h) : 500 mm

Metode dimensi tidak dibatasi

1.Desain Tulangan Pada Balok Tumpuan

Tentukan ρ max

3× 0.85 × fc ' × β 3× 0.85 ×28 × 0.85

= =0.022816
7 × fy 7 ×380

Pakai ρ = 0.008 (Taksiran)

Cek ρ < ρ max

0.008 < 0.022816 ………………..Oke !!

Mencari besaran b dan d yang proposional

6
2 Mu /ϕ ×10
b×d =
ρ ×fy
ρ× fy (1−0.59 '
)
fc
6
2 71,936 /0.9× 10
b×d =
0.008 ×380
0.008× 380(1−0.59 )
28

bd2 = 28091883 mm3

b 250 300 350 400

d 335,2 306 283,3 265

Pakai b = 300
h = 500
Asumsi d = 440,5 (h-d’ = 500- 59,5 = 440,5)
d’ = 40 + øsengkang + øtulangan/2
 = 40 + 10 + 19/2
= 59,5

Luas tulangan yang diperlukan

=ρxbxd
= 0,008 x 300 x 440,5= 1057,2

2
π × ø tulangan
A1ø =
4
2
π ×19
=
4
= 283,385

Jumlah tulangan yang diperlukan

1057 , 2
=
283,385
= 3,73 ≈ 3 tulangan 3D19

As pakai
= 3 x A1ø
= 3 x 283,385
= 850,155

Jarak Bebas Datar

b− ( 2× selimut beton )−( 2 × ϕsengkang )−(Jumlah tulangan × ϕtulangan)
=
JumlahTulangan
300−( 2 × 40 )−( 2 ×10 )−(3 × 19)
=
2
= 71,5 mm

3 ( s beton+ϕsengkang+ ϕtulangan/2 )
d' =
Jumlah Tulangan

3 ( 40+10+19 /2 )
=
3
= 59,5

d = h-d’
= 500-59,5
= 440,5

dt = d = 440,5
 As ×fy
a =
0.85 × fc' × b
850,155 ×380
=
0.85 ×28 ×300
= 45,2463 mm

a
c =
β
45,2463
=
0.85
= 53,2309 mm

dt−c
εt = × 0.003
c
440 , 5−53,2309
= ×0.003
53,2309
= 0,0218
0,0218 > 0,004 » ϕ = 0.9

Menghitung Mn

a
= As × fy × (d - )
2
45,2463
= 850,155 × 380 × (440,5 - )
2
= 134998828,3 N mm
= 134,9988283 KN m

Menghitung ϕ Mn

= ϕ × Mn
= 0.9 × 134,9988283
= 121,4989455 KN m

Syarat

Mu < ϕ Mn
71,936 KN m < 121,4989455 KN m ………….BALOK AMAN
2.Desain Tulangan Pada Balok Lapangan

Mu Lapangan = 43,5618 KN m

Cek syarat :
- 8h = 8 x 500 = 4000 mm
- sw/2 = 4000/2 = 2000 mm
- Ln/8 = 7750/8 = 968,75 mm

Jd = 0.7h = 0.7 x 500 = 350 mm

Menghitung As
6
Mu/ϕ ×10
=
Jd × fy
6
43,5618 /0 , 9 ×10
=
350 ×380
= 363,9248 mm2
2
π × ø tulangan
A1ø =
4
π ×19
=
4
= 283,385

Jumlah tulangan yang diperlukan

As
=
A1 ø
363,9248
=
283,385
= 1,28≈ 2 tulangan 2D19

As pakai
= 2 x A1ø
= 2 x 283,385
= 566,77

Jarak Bebas Datar

b− ( 2× selimut beton )−( 2 × ϕsengkang )−(Jumlah tulangan × ϕtulangan)
=
JumlahTulangan
300−( 2 × 40 )−( 2 ×10 )−( 2×19)
=
1
= 162 mm

2 ( s beton+ϕsengkang+ ϕtulangan/2 )
d' =
Jumlah Tulangan
 2 ( 40+10+19/2 )
=
2
= 59,5

d = dt = h-d’
= 500-59,5
= 440,5 mm

As ×fy
a =
0.85 × fc' × b
566 , 57× 380
=
0.85 ×28 ×968 , 75
= 9,3411 mm

Tentukan ρ max

3× 0.85 × fc ' × β 3× 0.85 ×28 × 0.85

= =0,022816
7 × fy 7 ×380

Menghitung ρ
As
=
b ×d
566 , 77
=
968 , 75× 440 , 5
= 0,00133

ρ < ρ max
0,00133 < 0,022816 ……..OKE!!

Syarat
a < tf
9,3411 < 125 ………..OKE!!

a
c =
β
9,3411
=
0.85
= 10,9896

dt−c
εt = × 0.003
c
440 , 5−10,9896
= ×0.003
10,9896
= 0.117
0.117 > 0.004 » ϕ = 0.9
Menghitung Mn

a
= As × fy × (d - )
2
9,34118
= 566,77 × 380 × (440,5 - )
2
= 93865713,1 N mm
= 93,8657131 KN m
Menghitung ϕ Mn

= ϕ × Mn
= 0.9 × 93,8657131
= 84,47914179 KN m

Syarat

Mu < ϕ Mn
43,5618 KN m < 84,4791418 KN m ………….BALOK AMAN

3. Desain tulangan geser balok 2

Gaya geser (Vu) : 78,86 KN

b : 300 mm
d : 440,5
ϕ : 0,75
λ :1
f’c : 28

Hitung :
Vc = 0,17. λ. √ f ' c . b. d
= 0,17. 1. √ 28 . 300. 440,5
= 118876,3 N
= 118,8763 kN

ϕVc = 0,75 . 118,8763

= 89,15719 kN

0,5ϕVc= 0,5. 89,157189

= 44,578595 kN

Masuk ke syarat 2
0.5ØVc < Vu < ØVc
Syarat 2 44.57859 89.1571
78.86
5 9

b . Av
Untuk mencari S =
3. fy

Menggunakan Sengkang 2 Kaki

2
π × ø tulangan
A1ø =
4
 2
π ×10
=
4
= 78,50
Av = 2 x A1ø
= 2 x 78,50
= 157

Maka,

300.157
S =
3. 239
= 65,6903

Dapat juga memilih S dengan meninjau 5 syarat lainnya, pilih nilai yang terkecil :

d 440 , 5
1. = = 110,125
4 4
d 440 , 5
2. = = 220,25
2 2
3. 8 x ø tulanganutama = 8 x 19 = 152
4. 24 x ø tulangan Sengkang = 24 x 10 = 240
5. 300mm

Maka, pakai Sengkang 2 kaki ø 10 jarak 50 mm

Balok 3 (Bentang 4 m)

Momen Tumpuan : 44,0229 KN m

Momen Lapangan : 24,585 KN m
Diameter Tulangan : 13
Diameter Sengkang : 10
Selimut Beton : 40
Lebar Balok (b) : 200 mm
Tinggi Balok (h) : 300 mm

1.Desain Tulangan Pada Balok Tumpuan

Tentukan ρ max
Tentukan ρ max

3× 0.85 × fc ' × β 3× 0.85 ×28 × 0.85

= =0.022816
7 × fy 7 ×380

Pakai ρ = 0.008 (Taksiran)

Cek ρ < ρ max

0.008 < 0.022816 ………………..Oke !!

Mencari besaran b dan d yang proposional

6
2 Mu /ϕ ×10
b×d =
ρ ×fy
ρ× fy (1−0.59 '
)
fc
6
2 44,0229/0.9 ×10
b×d =
0.008 ×380
0.008× 380(1−0.59 )
28

bd2 = 17191478 mm3

b 200 250 300 350

d 293,2 262,2 239,4 221,6

Pakai b = 200
h = 300
Asumsi d = 243,5 (h-d’ = 300- 56,5 = 243,5)
d’ = 40 + øsengkang + øtulangan/2
= 40 + 10 + 13/2
= 56,5
Luas tulangan yang diperlukan
=ρxbxd
= 0.008 x 200 x 243,5
= 389,6

2
π × ø tulangan
A1ø =
4
2
π ×13
=
4
= 132,665

Jumlah tulangan yang diperlukan

389 ,6
=
132,665
= 2.936 ≈ 5 tulangan 5D13 (Sisi luar 3, sisi dalam 2)

As pakai
= 5 x A1ø
= 5 x 132,665
= 663,325

Jarak Bebas Datar

=
b− ( 2× selimut beton )−( 2 × ϕsengkang )−(Jumlah tulangan sisi luar × ϕtulangan)
Jumlah Tulangan sisi luar−1
200−( 2 × 40 )−( 2 ×10 )−(3× 13)
=
2
= 30,5 mm

d’ = (
3 40+10+
13
2 ) 13
+2(40+10+13+25+ )
2
5
= 71,7

d =h–d
= 300 – 71,7
= 228,3

dt = h-(selimut beton + øsengkang + øtulangan/2)

= 300 – (40 + 10 + 13/2)
= 243,5

As ×fy
a =
0.85 × fc' × b
 663,325 ×380
=
0.85 ×28 ×200
= 52,95452 mm

a
c =
β
52,95452
=
0.85
= 62,29943

dt−c
εt = × 0.003
c
243 ,5−62,29943
= × 0.003
62,29943
= 0,00873
0,00873 > 0,004 » ϕ = 0.9

Menghitung Mn

a
= As × fy × (d - )
2
52,95452
= 663,325 × 380 × (228,3 - )
2
= 50872146,63 N mm
= 50,87214663 KN m

Menghitung ϕ Mn

= ϕ × Mn
= 0.9 × 50,87214663
= 45,78493196 KN m

Syarat

Mu < ϕ Mn
44,0229 KN m < 45,78493196 KN m ………….BALOK AMAN
2.Desain Tulangan Pada Balok Lapangan

Mu Lapangan = 24,585

Cek syarat :
- 8h = 8 x 300 = 2400 mm
- sw/2 = 7750/2 = 3875 mm
- Ln/8 = 4000/8 = 500 mm

Jd = 0.7h = 0.7 x 300 = 210mm

Menghitung As
6
Mu/ϕ ×10
=
Jd × fy
6
24,585/0.9 ×10
=
210 ×380
= 342,3141 mm2
2
π × ø tulangan
A1ø =
4
2
π ×13
=
4
= 132,665

Jumlah tulangan yang diperlukan

As
=
A1 ø
342,3141
=
132,665
= 2,5803 ≈ 3 tulangan 3D13

As pakai
= 3 x A1ø
= 3 x 132,665
= 397,995

Jarak Bebas Datar

b− ( 2× selimut beton )−( 2 × ϕsengkang )−(Jumlah tulangan × ϕtulangan)
=
JumlahTulangan
200−( 2 × 40 )−( 2 ×10 )−( 3× 13)
=
2
= 30,5 mm

d’ = 40 + øsengkang + øtulangan/2
= 40 + 10 + 13/2
 = 56,5

d = h- d’
= 300-56,5 = 243,5
d = dt = 243,5

As ×fy
a =
0.85 × fc' × b
397,995 ×380
=
0.85 ×28 ×500
= 12,70908 mm

Tentukan ρ max

3× 0.85 × fc ' × β 3× 0.85 ×28 × 0.85

= =0,022816
7 × fy 7 ×380

Menghitung ρ
As
=
b ×d
397,995
=
500× 243 , 5
= 0,00326

ρ < ρ max
0,00326 < 0,022816 ……..OKE!!

Syarat
a < tf
12,70908 < 125 ………..OKE!!

a
c =
β
12,70908
=
0.85
= 14,95186

dt−c
εt = × 0.003
c
243 ,5−14,95186
= × 0,003
14,95186
= 0,045857
0,045857 > 0,004 » ϕ = 0.9

Menghitung Mn
 a
= As × fy × (d - )
2
12,70908
= 397,995 × 380 × (243,5 - )
2
= 35865428,49 N mm
= 35,86542849 KN m

Menghitung ϕ Mn

= ϕ × Mn
= 0.9 × 35,8654284
= 32,27889 KN m

Syarat

Mu < ϕ Mn
24,585 KN m < 32,27889 KN m ………….BALOK AMAN

3. Desain Tulangan Geser Pada Balok

Gaya geser (Vu) : 52,145 KN

b : 200 mm
d : 228,3
ϕ : 0,75
λ :1
f’c : 28
fy : 239

Hitung :
Vc = 0,17. λ. √ f ' c . b. d
= 0,17. 1. √ 28 . 200. 228,3
= 41073,7
= 41,0737 kN
ϕVc = 0,75 . 41,0737
= 30,80528 kN

0,5ϕVc= 0,5. 30,80528

= 15,40264 kN
5ϕVc = 5. 30,80528
= 154,0264 kN

Masuk ke syarat 3
Syarat 3 ØVc < Vu < 5ØVc
 154.026
41,0737 52.145
4

As × fy × d
Untuk mencari S =
Vs

Mencari Vs
Vu
Vn =
ϕ
52,145
=
0 , 75
= 69,52667

Vs = Vn-Vc
= 69,52667- 41,0737
= 28,45297 X 103

Menggunakan Sengkang 2 Kaki

2
π × ø tulangan
A1ø =
4
2
π ×10
=
4
= 78,50
Av = 2 x A1ø
= 2 x 78,50
= 157

Maka,

157 ×239 ×228 , 3

S =
28452 , 97
= 301,0759

Memilih S dengan meninjau 5 syarat lainnya, pilih nilai yang terkecil :

d 228 ,3
1. = = 57,075
4 4
d 228 ,3
2. = = 114,15
2 2
3. 8 x ø tulanganutama = 8 x 13 = 104
4. 24 x ø tulangan Sengkang = 24 x 10 = 240
5. 300mm

Maka, pakai Sengkang 2 kaki ø 10 jarak 50 mm