Chapter 6

Foundations of
Business Intelligence:
Databases and
Information
Management
6.1 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
 Management Information Systems
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
and Information Management

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

• Menjelaskan konsep organisasi file dasar dan

masalah pengelolaan sumber daya data dalam
lingkungan file tradisional.

• Menjelaskan prinsip-prinsip sistem manajemen

database dan fitur dari database relasional.

• Menerapkan prinsip-prinsip penting desain database.

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 Management Information Systems
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
and Information Management

LEARNING OBJECTIVES (cont’d)

• Mengevaluasi alat dan teknologi untuk menyediakan

informasi dari database untuk meningkatkan kinerja
bisnis dan pengambilan keputusan.
• Menilai peran kebijakan informasi, data administrasi,
dan jaminan kualitas data dalam pengelolaan sumber
daya organisasi data.

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 Management Information Systems
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
and Information Management

Nascar Races to Manage Its Data

• Masalah: Mendapatkan pengetahuan dari pelanggan dan

membuat penggunaan efektif data pelanggan terfragmentasi.
• Solusi: Gunakan teknologi database relasional untuk
meningkatkan pendapatan dan produktivitas.
• Aturan akses data dan database pelanggan yang
komprehensif mengkonsolidasikan data pelanggan.
• Menunjukkan peran TI dalam menciptakan customer
intimacy dan menstabilkan infrastruktur.
• Menggambarkan peran teknologi digital dalam
standardisasi bagaimana data dari sumber yang berbeda
disimpan, diatur, dan dikelola.

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 Management Information Systems
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
and Information Management

Organizing Data in a Traditional File Environment

• Konsep organisasi file

• Masalah dengan lingkungan file tradisional

 Redundansi data dan inkonsistensi
 Ketergantungan Program-Data
 Kurangnya fleksibilitas
 keamanan yang buruk
 Kurangnya berbagi data dan ketersediaan

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 Management Information Systems
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
and Information Management

Organizing Data in a Traditional File Environment

Traditional File Processing

Penggunaan pendekatan tradisional untuk mengajukan proses mendorong setiap area fungsional dalam
perusahaan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi khusus dan file. Setiap aplikasi membutuhkan data file yang
unik yang mungkin menjadi bagian dari master file. Ini subset master file menyebabkan redundansi data
dan inkonsistensi, pengolahan kaku, dan sumber daya terbuang penyimpanan.

Figure 6-2
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 Management Information Systems
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
and Information Management

Database Pendekatan Manajemen Data

• Database management systems

• Bagaimana DBMS memecahkan masalah lingkungan file
tradisional
• Relational DBMS
• Operasi DBMS relasional
• Hirarki dan jaringan DBMS
• Object-oriented DBMS

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 Management Information Systems
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
and Information Management

The Database Approach to Data Management

Human Resources Database with Multiple Views

Sebuah database tunggal sumber daya manusia memberikan banyak pandangan yang berbeda dari data,
tergantung pada kebutuhan informasi pengguna. Illustrated sini dua kemungkinan pandangan, salah satu
yang menarik untuk spesialis manfaat dan salah satu yang menarik bagi anggota departemen penggajian
perusahaan.

Figure 6-3
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 Management Information Systems
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
and Information Management

The Database Approach to Data Management

• Capabilities of database management systems

• Querying and reporting

• Designing databases
• Normalization and entity-relationship diagrams
• Distributing databases

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 Management Information Systems
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
and Information Management

The Database Approach to Data Management

Distributed Databases

There are alternative ways of distributing a database. The central database can be partitioned (a) so that each remote
processor has the necessary data to serve its own local needs. The central database also can be replicated (b) at all remote
locations.

Figure 6-12
6.10 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
 Management Information Systems
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
and Information Management

Using Databases to Improve Business Performance and Decision Making

• Database warehouses
• What is a data warehouse?
• Data marts

• Online analytical processing (OLAP)

• Data mining

• Databases and the Web

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 Management Information Systems
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
and Information Management

Using Databases to Improve Business Performance and Decision Making

Components of a Data Warehouse

The data warehouse extracts current and historical data from multiple operational systems inside the
organization. These data are combined with data from external sources and reorganized into a central
database designed for management reporting and analysis. The information directory provides users
with information about the data available in the warehouse.

Figure 6-13
6.12 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
 Management Information Systems
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
and Information Management

Using Databases to Improve Business Performance and Decision Making

DNA Databases: Crime-Fighting Weapon or Threat to

Privacy?
• Read the Interactive Session: Management, and then
discuss the following questions:
• What are the benefits of DNA databases?
• What problems do DNA databases pose?
• Who should be included in a national DNA database? Should
it be limited to convicted felons? Explain your answer.
• Who should be able to use DNA databases?

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 Management Information Systems
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
and Information Management

Managing Data Resources

• Establishing and information policy

• Ensuring data quality

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 Management Information Systems
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
and Information Management

Managing Data Resources

What Can Be Done About Data Quality?

• Read the Interactive Session: Management, and then
discuss the following questions:
• What was the impact of data quality problems on the
companies described in this case study? What management,
organization, and technology factors caused these problems?
• How did the companies described in this case solve their data
quality problems? What management, organization, and
technology issues had to be addressed?
• It has been said that the biggest obstacle to improving data
quality is that business managers view data quality as a
technical problem. Discuss how this statement applies to the
companies described in this case study.
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