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 FARMASI FISIKA
Kelarutan
Oleh: Fitra Ariana (105131100519)

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MAKASSAR

PRODI S1 FARMASI
Pengertian K
elarutan
komponen Larutan
Larutan terdiri dari 2 komponen yaitu zat yang terlarut
(solute) dan zat yang melarutkan/pelarut (solvent).
Kelarutan adalah suat
u campuran dari dua a Jenis Zat Terlarut (Solute)
tau lebih yang yang m Elektrolit
embentuk suatu dispe Zat yang membentuk ion dalam larutan, serta mampu
rsi molekul yang homo menghantarkan listrik. Terdiri dari elektrolit kuat dan
gen. elektrolit lemah.
Contohnya: NaCl

Non Elektrolit
Zat yang tidak menghantarkan listrik dan tidak
menghasilkan ion jika dilarutkan dalam air. Contohnya
glukosa

KELARUTAN
✓ Konsentrasi zat terlarut didalam larutan
jenuhnya pada suhu dan tekanan tertentu.
KONSENTRASI
Konsentrasi suatu larutanmenyatakan
jumlah solute yangterlarut dalam
pelarut (solvent).

✓ Satuan bagi kelarutan secara kuantitatif

dapatdinyatakan dalam molalitas, ATURAN PELARUTAN
molaritas,persentase.
LIKE DISSOLVES LIKE
✓Jumlah mL pelarut dimana akan larut satu
gramzat terlarut (USP). Suatu pelarut akan melarutkan zat
yang ‘disukainya’
 memiliki sifat atau kepolaran
yang sama dengannya.
JENIS LARUTAN

• Larutan Jenuh
Adalah larutan yang mengandung zat terlarut dalam jumlah
maksimal yang dapat terlarut.

• Larutan Hampir Jenuh/Tidak Jenuh

• Adalah larutan yang mengandung zat terlarut dalam jumlah

dibawah jumlah maksimal yang dapatterlarut

• Larutan Lewat Jenuh

 JENIS PELARUT

1. Pelarut Polar
- Momen dipol tinggi; konstanta dielektrik tinggi.
- Membentuk ikatan hidrogen dengan zat terlarut.
Contoh: Air

2. Pelarut Semi Polar

- Bertindak sebagai pelarut perantara, sehingga cairanpolar
dan non polar dapat tercampur
- Induksi derajat polaritas tertentu dalam molekulpelarut
nonpolar
- Contoh: Alkohol

3. Pelarut Non Polar

- Momen dipol rendah dan konstanta dielektrik rendah
- Contoh: Eter
 Faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi
kelarutan suatu zat

1. pH
2. Temperatur
3. Jenis pelarut
4. Bentuk dan ukuran partilel zat
5. Konstanta dielektrik pelarut
 Pada bagian ini dibahas larutan
Fase larutan dapat berwujud cair. Pelarut cair umumnya adalah
gas, padat ataupun cair. air. Pelarut cair yang lain misalnya
Larutan gas misalnya udara. bensena, kloroform, eter, dan
Larutan padat misalnya alkohol. Jika pelarutnya bukan air,
perunggu, amalgam dan maka nama pelarutnya
paduan logam yang lain. disebutkan. Misalnya larutan
Larutan cair misalnya air laut, garam dalam alkohol disebut
larutan gula dalam air, dan larutan garam dalam alkohol
lain-lain. Komponen larutan (alkohol disebutkan), tetapi
terdiri dari pelarut (solvent) larutan garam dalam air disebut
dan zat terlarut (solute). larutan garam (air tidak
disebutkan).
 Infographic Style
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Kelarutan tersebut bergantung pada pelarut yang
digunakan serta suhu dan tekanan (Lachman, 1986). Di
bidang farmasi, kelarutan memiliki peran penting dalam
menentukan bentuk sediaan dan untuk menentukan
konsentrasi yang dicapai pada sirkulasi sistemik untuk
menghasilkan respon farmakologi (Edward dan Li, 2008;
Vemula et al., 2010).
KELARUTAN GAS DALAM
CAIRAN
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