1.Fisiologis
●
Adenoid hipertrofi pada masa puncaknya yaitu 3-7 tahun (asimptomatik)
2. Infeksi kronik atau rekuren pada saluran pernapasan atas atau ISPA
Patogenesis
Langsung ●
palatum molle di retraksi.
Rhinoskopi anterior dengan melihat tertahannya gerakan
velum palatum mole pada waktu fonasi
●
Rhinoskopi posterior
Tidak langsung Pda anak biasanya sulit, pemeriksaan digital untuk meraba
●
adanya adenoid
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Nasofaringioskop
Palpasi
Jari telunjuk dimasukkan ke nasofaring
meraba adenoid membesar
3. Pemeriksaan penunjang
Indikasi adenoidektomi :
1. Sumbatan : sumbatan hidung yang menyebabkan
bernapas melalui mulut, sleep apnea, gangguan menelan,
gangguan berbicara, kelainan bentuk wajah muka dan
gigi (adenoid face).
2. Infeksi : adenoiditis berulang/kronik, otitis media efusi
berulang/kronik, otitis media akut berulang.
3. Kecurigaan neoplasma jinak/ganas.
Komplikasi
Perdarahan :bila pengerokan adenoid kurang bersih
Constantini, F., Salamanca, F., Amaina, T., Zibordi, F. videoendoscopic adenoidectomy wth microdebrider : Acta otorhinolaryngologyca Italica. Retrieved September 22,
2016 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2640063/
Dhingra, P. (2010). Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat 5th Ed.(pp. 253-257) India: Elsevier Company
Williams, K. The Effects of Enlarged Adenouds on a Developing Malocclusion, Retrieved September 23, 2016 from http://www.ortodoncia.ws/publicaciones/2010/art24.asp
Yildirim, N., Sahan, M., Karslioglu, Y. Adenoid hypetrophy in adults : Clinical and Morphological characteristics, Jurnal of International Medical Research, Retrieved
September 19, 2016 from http://imr.sagepub.com/content/36/1/157
El-Badrawy, Amr., Aziz, Mosaad Abdel. Transoral Endoscopic Adenoidectomy, International journal of Otolaryngology; retrieved September 22, 2016 from
http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijoto/2009/949315/
Goman, S., Adenoidectomy, Elsevier, 2009
Ishman,SL., Smith, DF., Shott, SR. Bailey’s Head and Neck Surgery Otolaryngology. 5th ed. Vol I. Lippincot – Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2014. p. 2225 – 2226
McClay, JE., Adenoidectomy, Medscape Reference, Retrieved September 22, 2014 from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/872216-overview#a0101
Moore KL, Anne MR. Neck in : Essential Clinical Anatomy. USA : Lippincot Williams and Wilkins. 2002 : p. 439 – 445
Rusmarjono., Soepardy, EA. Faringitis, Tonsilitis dan hipertrofi Adenoid, Buku Ajar Ilmu Kesehatan Telinga Hidung Tenggorok Kepala & Leher, ed. 6. Balai penerbit,
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 2009. P.224 – 225,
Somayaji, G., Rajeshwari, A., Jain, M. Significance of Adenoid Nasopharyngeal Ratio in the Assessment of Adenoid Hypertrophy in Children, Research in Otolaryngology
2012, Retrieved September 22, 2016 from http://journal.sapub.org/otolaryn
Amar, MA., Djamin, R., Punagi, AQ. Rasio Adenoid – Nasofaring dan Gangguan telinga tengah pada Hipertrofi Adenoid, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Hasanuddin
Rumah Sakit Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Makassar,2013.
American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery. Clinical Indicators : Adenoidectomy, Retrieved September 23, 2014 from
https://www.entnet.org/Practice/upload/Adenoidectomy-CI_Final-May-2012.pdf