HUBUNGAN KADAR Pb DARAH DAN POLIMORFISME GENA -ALAD TERHADAP KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA AWAK ANGKUTAN KOTA DI PURWOKERTO

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Kejadian hipertensi dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetik dan lingkungan, diantaranya mutasi gen dan paparan bahan toksik. Mutasi gen antara lain polimorfisme gen ALAD (delta amino levulinic acid) dan paparan bahan toksik, antara lain keracunan Pb. Polimorfisme gen -ALAD dan paparan Pb meningkatkan kerentanan individu untuk mengalami hipertensi. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar Pb darah dan polimorfisme gena -ALAD terhadap kejadian hipertensi pada awak angkutan kota di Purwokerto. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan rancangan cross sectional. Responden 60 orang awak angkutan kota Purwokerto. Pemeriksaan polimorfisme gen -ALAD dilakukan dengan metode PCR-RFLP, sedangkan kadar Pb diukur dengan metode Spektrofotometri menggunakan AAS. Data dianalisis dengan uji Chi-square dan koefisien kontingensi. Hasil: Angka kejadian hipertensi adalah 40%, polimorfisme gen -ALAD adalah 10% dan kadar Pb diatas normal adalah 46,7%. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar Pb dengan kejadian hipertensi dan kekuatan korelatifnya lemah dengan resiko prevalensi 1,655 (C=0,122; X2=0,342; RP=1,655 CI 95%). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara polimorfisme gen -ALAD dengan kejadian hipertensi dan kekuatan korelatifnya sangat lemah dengan resiko prevalensi 1,375 (C= 0,045; f= 1,000; RP= 1-375 CI 95%). Kesimpulan: Kejadian hipertensi tidak berhubungan dengan polimorfisme gen -ALAD dan kadar Pb darah.

Kata kunci: Polimorfisme Gena -ALAD, Kadar Pb darah dan hipertensi

THE RELATIONSHIP OF BLOOD LEAD LEVELS AND -ALAD GENE POLYMORPHISMS ON THE INCIDENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION CREWS IN PURWOKERTO.

ABSTRACT Background: The incidence of hypertension was influenced by genetic and environmental factors, including gene mutations and exposure to toxic materials. An example Gene mutations is -ALAD (delta amino levulinic acid) gene polymorphisms and an example exposure to toxic material, is lead poisoning. -ALAD gene polymorphisms and exposure to Pb increases individual susceptibility of hypertension. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between blood lead levels and -ALAD gene polymorphisms on the incidence of hypertension in public transportation crews in Purwokerto. Methods: The study was conducted with a cross-sectional design. Respondents were 60 of public transport crew in purwokerto. Examination of -ALAD gene polymorphism was conducted using PCR-RFLP method, while lead concentrations were measured by spectrophotometry using AAS method. Data were analyzed with Chi-square test and contingency coefficient. Results: The incidence of hypertension was 40%, -ALAD gene polymorphism was 10% and Pb levels above normal was 46.7%. There was no significant correlation between Pb levels with the incidence of hypertension and the correlative on is week risk prevalence of 1.655 (C = 0.122; X2 = 0.342; RP = 1.655 95% CI). There was no significant correlation between ALAD gene polymorphisms with incidence of hypertension and the correlation is weak with the risk of prevalence 1.375 (C = 0.045 f = 1.000; RP 95% CI = 1-375). Conclusion: The incidence of hypertension was not associated with -ALAD gene polymorphism and blood lead concentrations.

Keywords: Polymorphism Gena -ALAD, blood Pb levels and hypertension