SULIT Nama: …………………………………….

Tingkatan: …………………
4531/1
Fizik
Kertas 1

2010
1 ¼ jam

PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR TAHUN 2010

TINGKATAN EMPAT

FIZIK
Kertas 1

Satu jam lima belas minit

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1. Kertas ini mengandungi 50 soalan objektif.

2. Jawab semua soalan.
3. Jawab setiap soalan dengan menghitamkan jawapan yang betul di ruangan pada kertas
jawapan.
4. Hitamkan hanya satu ruang untuk setiap soalan.
5. Jika anda hendak menukar jawapan, padamkan tanda yang telah dihitamkan dan hitamkan
jawapan di ruangan yang baru.
6. Rajah dalam soalan yang diberi adalah tidak mengikut ukuran skala yang sebenar kecuali
dinyatakan.
7. Anda boleh menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan..
8. Senarai formula disediakan pada mukasurat 2.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 30 halaman bercetak

4531/1 SULIT

The following information may be useful. The symbols have their usual meaning.

vu
1. a = 1 1 1
t 18. = +
f u v
2. v2 = u2 + as
image size
2
19. linear magnification =
3. s = ut + at object size

4. Momentum = mv ax
20. λ =
D
5. F = ma
Sin i
1 2 21. n =
6. Kinetic energy = mv Sin r
2

7. Potential energy = mgh real depth

22. n =
apparent depth
1
8. Elastic potential energy = Fx
2 23. Q = It

m 24. V = IR
9. ρ =
v
25. Power, P = IV
10. Pressure, p = hρg
Ns V
26. = s
F Np Vp
11. Pressure, p =
A
I sV s
27. Efficiency = x 100%
I pV p
12. Heat, Q = mcθ

13. Heat, Q = ml 28. g = 10 ms-2

pV
14. = constant
T

15. E = mc2

16. v = fλ

energy
17. Power, P =
time

2
 4531/1 SULIT

1. Which pair contains scalar quantities only?

Pasangan manakah mengandungi kuantiti skalar sahaja?

A Speed and weight

Laju dan berat

B Distance and work

Jarak dan kerja

C Force and momentum

Daya dan momentum

D Displacement and area

Sesaran dan luas

2. Hot FM is transmitted with a frequency of 88.2 MHz. This frequency is equal to

Hot FM dipancar dengan frekuensi 88.2 MHz. Frekuensi ini adalah sama dengan

A 8.82 x 105 Hz

B 8.82 x 106 Hz

C 8.82 x 107 Hz

D 8.82 x 108 Hz

3. Diagram 1(a) shows the scale of a micrometer screw gauge when the anvil and spindle are closed.
Diagram 1(b) shows the scale of the micrometer screw gauge when it is measuring the thickness of a
piece of glass.
Rajah 1(a) menunjukkan skala tolok skru mikrometer apabila rahangnya tertutup. Rajah 1(b) menunjukkan
skala tolok skru mikrometer apabila ia mengukur ketebalan sekeping kaca.

Diagram 1(a)/Rajah 1(a) Diagram 1(b)/ Rajah 1(b)

What is the zero error of the micrometer screw gauge and the actual thickness of the glass?
Berapakah ralat sifar tolok skru micrometer dan ketebalan sebenar kaca itu?.

3
 4531/1 SULIT

Zero error /ralat sifar Actual thickness/ ketebalan sebenar

A –0.02 mm 12.84 mm

B –0.02 mm 12.86 mm

C +0.02 mm 12.84 mm

D +0.02 mm 12.86 mm

4. In a rifle shooting competition, Sarah was eliminated from the competition because her shots were not
accurate even though they were consistent. Which target board below shows the shots made by Sarah?
Dalam sebuah pertandingan menembak senjata, Sarah disingkirkan daripada pertandingan kerana
tembakannya tidak jitu walaupun ianya persis. Papan sasaran yang manakah menunjukkan tembakan yang
dilakukan oleh Sarah?

A B

C D

5. Between the following, which is the method to reduce random error?

Antara berikut, yang manakah merupakan kaedah untuk mengurangkan ralat rawak?

A. Make sure that the reading starts from the zero position
Memastikan bacaan bermula dari nilai sifar

B. Use an instrument which has a higher accuracy

Menggunakan alat dengan kejituan yang lebih tinggi

C. Repeat the measurement and then find the min value

Mengulangi bacaan dan mengambil nilai purata

D. Subtract zero error from the value obtained from the instrument
Menolak nilai ralat sifar daripada bacaan yang diambil

4
 4531/1 SULIT

6. Which ticker tape shows a motion with a deceleration?

Pita detik yang manakah menunjukkan pergerakan dengan nyahpecutan?

7. Diagram 2 shows a velocity-time graph of a moving bicycle.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan graf halaju-masa bagi sebuah basikal yang sedang bergerak.

Diagram 2 / Rajah 2

Which statement describes the motion of the bicycle in the region WX and XY?.
Penyataan yang manakah menerangkan pergerakan basikal tersebut dalam bahagian WX dan XY?
.
WX XY

A Increasing acceleration Decreasing acceleration

Pecutan bertambah Pecutan berkurang

B Increasing acceleration Uniform acceleration

Pecutan bertambah Pecutan seragam

C Zero acceleration Uniform velocity

Pecutan sifar Halaju seragam
D Uniform acceleration Zero acceleration
Pecutan seragam Pecutan sifar
5
 4531/1 SULIT

8. The velocity against time graphs of 4 cars; A, B, C and D are as shown in Diagram 3.
Graf-graf halaju melawan masa bagi 4 buah kereta; A, B, C dan D adalah seperti ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 3.

Diagram 3 / Rajah 3

Between the cars A, B, C and D, which moves the furthest in 10 s?

Antara kereta A, B, C dan D, yang manakah bergerak paling jauh dalam masa 10 s?

9. Diagram 4 shows a toy car moving up a slope with constant velocity.

Rajah 4 menunjukkan sebuah kereta mainan sedang mendaki permukaan condong
dengan halaju malar.

Diagram 4 / Rajah 4

What happens to the kinetic energy and potential energy of the car?
Apakah yang sedang berlaku kepada tenaga kinetik dan tenaga keupayaan kereta itu?

Kinetic energy / Tenaga kinetik Potential energy/ Tenaga keupayaan

A Increasing Increasing
bertambah bertambah
B decreasing decreasing
berkurang berkurang
C constant Increasing
malar bertambah
D Increasing constant
bertambah malar

6
 4531/1 SULIT

10. Diagram 5 below shows two objects with different masses are dropped simultaneously from a height.
Which quantity is same for both of the objects?
Rajah 5 di bawah menunjukkan dua objek dijatuhkan secara serentak dari satu ketinggian. Kuantiti yang
manakah sama bagi kedua-dua objek itu?

Diagram 5 / Rajah 5

A Weight / Berat

B velocity / halaju

C Final velocity / Halaju akhir

D Rate of change of velocity / Kadar perubahan halaju

11. Diagram 6 shows a student is riding a skateboard and runs over a stone, he is thrown off from the
skateboard.
Rajah 6 menunjukkan seorang murid yang sedang menaiki papan luncur dan terjatuh apabila terlanggar batu

Diagram 6 / Rajah 6

This is due to
Ini disebabkan

A inertia / inersia

B decrease in velocity / kekurangan halaju

C change in acceleration / perubahan pecutan

D conservation of momentum / keabadian momentum

7
 4531/1 SULIT

12. Diagram 7 shows a boy standing on a skateboard which is not moving.

Rajah 7 menunjukkan seorang budak lelaki berdiri di atas papan luncur yang tidak bergerak

Diagram 7 / Rajah 7

What will happen to the skateboard when the boy jumps down of the skateboard at direction P ?
Apakah yang terjadi kepada papan luncur apabila budak lelaki tersebut melompat turun dari papan tersebut
pada arah P?

A Stay stationary / Pegun

B Moves towards P / Bergerak ke P

C Moves towards Q / Bergerak ke Q

D Move towards P then back to Q / Bergerak ke P dan patah balik ke Q

13. Diagram 8.1 shows a frog of mass 200 g on a leaf of mass 50 g on the surface of a pond.
Diagram 8.2 shows the frog leaping away from the leaf with a velocity of 5 m s-1.
Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan seekor katak berjisim 200 g di atas daun berjisim 50 g pada permukaan kolam. Rajah
8.2 menunjukkan katak tersebut melompat menjauhi daun dengan halaju 5 m s-1.

Diagram 8.1/ Rajah 8.1 Diagram 8.2 / Rajah 8.2

8
 4531/1 SULIT

What is the recoil velocity of the leaf?

Apakah halaju sentakan daun itu?

A -0.05 m s-1
B - 0.20 m s-1
C -5.00 m s-1
D -20.00 m s-1

14. Which is not conserved when inelastic collision occurs?

Mana satukah yang tidak terabadi apabila perlanggaran tak kenyal berlaku?

A Total energy / [Jumlah tenaga]

B Total momentum / [ jumlah momentum]

C Total kinetic energy / [jumlah tenaga kinetik]

D Total mass / [jumlah jisim]

15. Which of the following has the largest momentum?

Mana satukah antara berikut yang mempunyai momentum paling banyak?

9
 4531/1 SULIT

16.

Diagram 9 / Rajah 9

A student observes that rain drops are falling at an angle of 250 to the vertical as shown in Diagram 9.
If the velocity of the rain drops is V, the magnitude of its vertical component is
Seorang pelajar memperhatikan titisan air hujan sedang jatuh pada sudut 250 kepada garis mencancang
seperti dalam Rajah 9.Jika halaju titisan air hujan ialah V, magnitud komponen tegak halaju titisan air hujan
ialah

A V sin 25o cos25o

B V sin 25o
C V cos 25o
D 25V

17. Diagram 10 shows Ah Soo of mass 40 kg jumping on a trampoline with an initial velocity of 2.0 m s-1.
She then bounces back with a velocity of 2.5 m s-1.
Rajah 10 menunjukkan Ah Soo berjisim 40 kg melompat di atas trampolin dengan halaju awal 2.0 m s-1 .
Dia kemudian melantun semula dengan halaju 2.5 m s-1.

Diagram 10 / Rajah 10

10
 4531/1 SULIT

What is the impulsive force exerted on Ah Soo if the time of impact is 0.2 s?
Berapakah daya impuls yang dikenakan ke atas Ah Soo jika masa perlanggaran ialah 0.2 s ?

A 10 N
B 100 N
C 400 N
D 900 N

18. Diagram 11 shows Proton Exora’s crumple zone.

Rajah 11 menunjukkan sebuah Proton Exora dengan zon mudah remuk.

Diagram 11 / Rajah 11

What happen if there is no crumple zone for the cars?

Apa yang berlaku sekiranya zon mudah remuk tidak ada bagi sesebuah kereta?

A Time of impact will increase and increase the level of injuries

Masa perlanggaran meningkat dan meningkatkan tahap kecederaan

B Time of impact will increase and increase the impulsive force to the car
Masa perlanggaran meningkat dan meningkatkan daya impuls terhadap kereta

C Time of impact will decrease and increase the impulsive force to the car
Masa perlanggaran berkurang dan meningkatkan daya impuls terhadap kereta

D Time of impact will decrease and avoid the driver from injuries
Masa perlanggaran berkurang dan menghalang pemandu daripada cedera

11
 4531/1 SULIT

19. Diagram 12 shows a construction worker pulling a bucket filled with wet cement using a smooth
pulley. The total mass of the bucket and cement is 5 kg.
Rajah 12 menunjukkan seorang pekerja binaan sedang menarik baldi berisi simen basah menggunakan takal
licin. Jumlah jisim baldi dan simen ialah 5 kg.

Diagram 12 / Rajah 12

How much force does the worker need to apply if he wants the bucket to move upwards with
an acceleration of 2 m s-2 ?
Berapakah daya yang perlu dikenakan oleh pekerja jika dia mahu baldi bergerak ke atas dengan pecutan 2 m
s-2?

A 20 N
B 40 N
C 50 N
D 60 N

20. Which of the following is true regarding the Principle of Conservation of Energy?
Manakah antara berikut BENAR tentang prinsip keabadian tenaga?

A Energy can be created

Tenaga boleh dicipta

B Energy can be destroyed

Tenaga boleh dimusnahkan

C Total energy in the system is constant

Jumlah tenaga dalam suatu sistem adalah malar

D Energy cannot be transformed from one type to another

Tenaga tidak boleh berubah daripada suatu bentuk kepada bentuk yang lain

12
 4531/1 SULIT

21.

Diagram 13(a) / Rajah 13(a) Diagram 13(b) / Rajah 13(b)

In Figure 13(a) and 13(b), the mass lifted by the weight lifter is 20 kg. If the height lifted is 30 cm,
what is the work done?
Dalam Rajah 13(a) dan 13(b), jisim yang diangkat oleh ahli sukan itu ialah 20 kg.Jika tinggi jisim diangkat
ialah 30 cm, berapakah kerja yang dilakukan?

A. 6J
B. 60 J
C. 600 J
D. 6000 J

22. Diagram 14 shows Ahmad and Aini getting ready to climb up a flight of stairs. The mass of
Ahmad is double the mass of Aini.
Rajah 14 menunjukkan Ahmad dan Aini bersiap sedia untuk menaiki tangga. Jisim Ahmad ialah dua kali ganda
jisim Aini

Diagram 14 / Rajah 14

If they take the same time to climb up to the top, what can you say about Ahmad’s output
power compared to Aini’s?
Jika mereka mengambil masa yang sama untuk naik ke puncak, apakah yang boleh anda katakan tentang kuasa
output Ahmad berbanding Aini?

A Larger / Lebih besar

B Equal / Sama
C Smaller / Lebih kecil
D zero / sifar
13
 4531/1 SULIT

23. Maximising the efficiency of machine and device can helps the following except
Memaksimakan tahap kecekapan sesebuah mesin akan dapat menolong perkara berikut Kecuali

A to conserve resources of fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum and natural gas
Menjimatkan penggunaan bahan api fosil seperti arang batu, petrol dan gas

B to protect the environment from greenhouse effects

Melindungi alam sekitar daripada kesan rumah hijau

C to reduce the emission of air pollutants

Mengurangkan pelepasan ke arah pencemaran udara

D to decrease the usage of electrical appliances

Mengurangkan penggunaan peralatan elektrik

24. Diagram 15 shows a spring of length 20 cm is compressed to a length of 10 cm when a load

of 12 kg is put on top of it. When the load M is put on top of it, the spring compressed to a length of
15 cm
Rajah 15 menunjukkan satu spring yang dimampatkan sehingga panjangnya menjadi 10 cm apabila beban
sebanyak 12 kg diletakkan di atasnya. Apabila beban M diletakkan di atasnya, spring itu termampat sehingga
panjangnya menjadi 15 cm

Diagram 15 / Rajah 15

What is the value of M ?

Berapakah nilai M

A 4 kg
B 6 kg
C 8 kg
D 9 kg

14
 4531/1 SULIT

25.

Diagram 16 / Rajah 16

Diagram 16 shows a lady is laying on a ‘bed of nails’. Why she doesn’t feel any pain?
Rajah 16 menunjukkan seorang wanita sedang berbaring di atas paku. Mengapakah dia tidak berasa sakit?

A many nails result to huge surface to reduce pressure

banyak paku menghasilkan luas permukaan yang besar untuk mengurangkan tekanan

B many nails result to huge surface to reduce time of contact

banyak paku menghasilkan luas permukaan yang besar untuk mengurangkan masa sentuhan

C many nails result to huge surface to reduce force

banyak paku menghasilkan luas permukaan yang besar untuk mengurangkan daya

D many nails result to huge surface to reduce momentum

banyak paku menghasilkan luas permukaan yang besar untuk mengurangkan momentum

26. Diagram 17 shows a small aquatic bird walking across lily pads without sinking into the water.
Rajah 17 menunjukkan seekor burung akuatik berjalan merentasi kepingan lily tanpa tenggelam ke dalam air.

Diagram 17 / Rajah 17

Which of the following explains the above situation?

Manakah antara berikut menerangkan situasi di atas

15
 4531/1 SULIT

A The bird’s weight is small.

Burung mempunyai berat yang kecil

B Its weight is spread out over a large area by its long toes.
Berat burung telah disebarkan melalui kawasan yang luas oleh kakinya yang panjang
C Its weight is spread out over a large area of lily pads.
Berat burung telah disebarkan melalui kawasan yang luas oleh kepingan lily.

D The density of the bird is less than the density of water.

Ketumpatan burung adalah kurang daripada ketumpatan air

27.

A B C D

Diagram 18 / Rajah 18

Water is flowing at a constant rate in a tube as shown in Diagram 18. Between the sections A,B, C, D
and E, in which is the average pressure least?

Air sedang mengalir pada kadar mantap di dalam satu tiub seperti ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 18. Antara
bahagian A, B, C, D dan E, di manakah air mempunyai tekanan purata paling rendah?

28. Diagram 19 (a) and 19(b) shows two different liquids X and Y. At the same depth, liquid X spurts out
further than liquid Y.
Rajah 19(a) dan 19(b) menunjukkan dua cecair X dan Y. Pada kedalaman yang sama, cecair X memancut lebih
jauh berbanding cecair Y.

Diagram 19 (a) /Rajah 19(a) Diagram 19 (b) /Rajah 19(b)

Which statement is true?

Manakah antara penyataan berikut yang BENAR?.

16
 4531/1 SULIT

A Density of liquid Y is lower than liquid X.

Ketumpatan cecair Y adalah lebih rendah berbanding cecair X

B Density of liquid Y is greater than liquid X.

Ketumpatan cecair Y adalah lebih rendah berbanding cecair X

C Pressure of liquid Y is higher than liquid X.

Tekanan cecair Y adalah lebih tinggi berbanding cecair X

D Pressure of liquid Y is equal to pressure of liquid X.

Tekanan cecair Y adalah sama dengan tekanan cecair X

29.

The wall of the dam in diagram 20 is thicker at the base because the pressure in the water is
Dinding empangan dalam rajah 20 adalah lebih tebal pada dasarnya kerana tekanan air adalah

A the same at all water levels.

sama pada setiap tahap

B directly proportional to the area.

Berkadar terus dengan luas

C directly proportional to the depth of the water.

Berkadar terus dengan kedalaman air

D inversely proportional to the density of the water.

Berkadar songsang dengan ketumpatan air

17
 4531/1 SULIT

30. Diagram 21 shows a fish in an aquarium. (water density is 1000 kgm-3)

Rajah 21 menunjukkan ikan dalam sebuah akuarium. (ketumpatan air adalah 1000 kgm-3)

How much pressure is exerted by the water on the fish?

Berapakah tekanan yang dikenakan oleh air terhadap ikan tersebut?

A 800 000 Nm-2

B 8000 Nm-2
C 7000 Nm-2
D 6000 Nm-2

31. Gas pressure in a closed container is due to the gas molecules

Tekanan gas di dalam sebuah bekas bertutup adalah disebabkan oleh molekul gas

A moving randomly
bergerak secara rawak

B moving with equal speed

bergerak dengan halaju yang sama

C colliding with one another

berlanggar sesama sendiri

D colliding with the walls of the container

berlanggar dengan dinding bekas

18
 4531/1 SULIT

32. Which situation occurs due to atmospheric pressure?

Situasi yang manakah berlaku disebabkan tekanan atmosfera?

19
 4531/1 SULIT

33. Diagram 22 shows a manometer filled with water. One arm of the manometer is connected to a gas
supply. The difference height of the water level between each arm is h cm.
Rajah 22 menunjukkan sebuah manometer yang dipenuhi air. Salah satu lengan manometer itu disambungkan
kepada bekalan gas. Perbezaan ketinggian paras air antara lengan adalah h cm.

Diagram 22 / Rajah 22

Height h can be increased by

Ketinggian h boleh ditambahkan dengan

A using mercury liquid

Menggunakan cecair merkuri

B sloping the manometer tube

Menyendengkan tiub manometer

C using tube with bigger diameter

Menggunakan tiub yang lebih besar diameternya

D using oil which has a lower density than water

Menggunakan minyak yang ketumpatannya lebih rendah daripada air.

20
 4531/1 SULIT

34. Diagram 23 shows a crane lifting a concrete beam.

Rajah 23 menunjukkan sebuah kren mengangkat alang konkrit.

What principle is used to move the piston at the arm of the crane?
Apakah prinsip yang digunakan untuk menggerakkan omboh pada lengan kren itu?

A Pascal's principle
Prinsip Pascal

B Archimedes' principle
Prinsip Archimedes

C Bernoulli's principle
Prinsip Bernoulli

D Conservation of Momentum Principle

Prinsip keabadian momentum

21
 4531/1 SULIT

35. Diagram 24 shows a yatch moving against the direction of the wind.
Rajah 24 menunjukkan kapal layar berlayar melawan arah angin.

What can you say about the air velocity and pressure at X?
Apakah yang boleh dinyatakan tentang halaju angin dan tekanan di X?

Velocity / Halaju Pressure/ Tekanan

A Low High
Rendah Tinggi
B Low Low
Rendah Rendah
C High Low
Tinggi Rendah h
D High High
Tinggi Tinggi

22
 4531/1 SULIT

36. Diagram 25 shows a boy with mass of 25 kg on a raft which is floating.

Rajah 25 menunjukkan seorang budak dengan jisim 25 kg di atas sebuah rakit yang sedang
terapung.

Jika daya tujah yang bertindak adalah 1100 N, berapakah jisim rakit?

A 1075 kg
B 850 kg
C 250 kg
D 85 kg

37. Diagram 26 shows cold milk being added to hot tea.

Rajah 26 menunjukkan susu sejuk ditambahkan kepada teh panas.

Diagram 26 / Rajah 26

Which statement is correct if there are no heat losses to the surroundings?

Pernyataan yang manakah betul jika tiada haba hilang ke persekitaran?

A Heat gained by cold milk is less than heat lost by hot tea
Penerimaan haba oleh susu sejuk adalah kurang daripada kehilangan haba oleh teh panas
B Heat gained by cold milk is greater than heat lost by hot tea
Penerimaan haba oleh susu sejuk adalah lebih banyak daripada kehilangan haba oleh teh
Panas
C Heat gained by cold milk is equal to heat lost by hot tea
Penerimaan haba oleh susu sejuk adalah sama dengan kehilangan haba oleh teh panas
D Heat gained by cold milk is zero
Penerimaan haba oleh susu sejuk sifar

23
 4531/1 SULIT

38. Heat is
Haba ialah

A. Temperature / Suhu
B. Energy / Tenaga
C. Force / Daya
D. Hotness / Darjah kepanasan

39. Diagram 27 shows a clinical thermometer which is designed to respond quickly to a change in
temperature and to have a high sensitivity.
Rajah 27 menunjukkan termometer klinik yang direka untuk memberi respon yang cepat terhadap perubahan
suhu dan mempunyai kepekaan yang tinggi

Diagram 27 / Rajah 27

Which features should the clinical thermometer have?

Manakah antara berikut merupakan ciri ciri yang perlu ada pada termometer klinik

Glass bulb Bore

A Thick glass Narrow

Kaca tebal sempit
B Thick glass Wide
Kaca tebal lebar
C Thin glass Narrow
Kaca nipis sempit
D Thin glass Wide
Kaca nipis lebar

24
 4531/1 SULIT

40.

Diagram 28 / Rajah 28

Diagram 28 shows the heating curve of a 500 g liquid P by a 60 W immersion heater. The specific
heat capacity of the liquid P is
Rajah 28 menunjukkan graf pemanasan 500g cecair P oleh pemanas rendam 60W. Muatan haba tentu bagi
cecair P ialah

A. 220 J kg-1 oC-1

B. 720 J kg-1 oC-1
C. 1260 J kg-1 oC-1
D. 1680 J kg-1 oC-1

41. Four types of cooking pots of the same mass but different specific heat capacity, c are heated at the
same rate for 20 minutes. Which cooking pot shows the smallest temperature increase?
Empat jenis periuk yang berjisim sama dipanaskan pada kadar yang sama selama 20 minit. Periuk yang
manakah menunjukkan peningkatan suhu paling kecil?

25
 4531/1 SULIT

42. The latent heat of fusion of a substance is the quantity of heat required to
Haba pendam tentu pelakuran bagi suatu bahan ialah kuantiti haba yang perlu untuk

A increase the temperature of the substance

Meningkatkan suhu suatu bahan

B Increase the kinetic energy of the molecules in the solid substance.

Meningkatkan tenaga kinetic molekul dalam keadaan pepejal

C change the phase of liquid to gas without a change in temperature.

Mengubah fasa cecair kepada gas tanpa perubahan suhu

D overcome the attractive force between the molecules in the solid substance so that
they are free to move.
Mengatasi daya tarikan antara molekul dalam keadaan pepejal supaya ia bebas bergerak

43. Diagram29 shows the arm of a person being splashed by boiling water and the arm of
another person being exposed to steam. Both the hot water and steam have the same mass.
Rajah 29 menunjukkan tangan seorang disimbah air panas and tangan seorang lain yang terdedah kepada
stim. Kedua-dua air panas dan stim mempunyai jisim yang sama.

Diagram29 / Rajah 29

The scalding on the skin caused by steam is more serious than the scalding caused by boiling water
because
Kelecuran kulit yang disebabkan oleh stim lebih serius daripada kelecuran kulit yang disebabkan oleh air
mendidih sebab

P : steam has a higher temperature / stim mempunyai suhu yang lebih tinggi
Q : steam has a higher heat content / stim mengandungi lebih banyak haba
R : steam has a higher specific heat capacity / stim mempunyai muatan haba tentu yang
lebih tinggi

A P only / P sahaja
B Q only / Q sahaja
C P and Q only / P dan Q sahaja
D P, Q and R / P, Q dan R.

26
 4531/1 SULIT

44. Diagram 30 shows the heating curve of a substance using a constant rate of heat supply.
Rajah 30 menunjukkan graf pemanasan bagi suatu bahan dengan menggunakan haba yang dibekal pada
kadaryang tetap.

Diagram 30 / Rajah 30
Which statement is correct ?
Pernyataan yang manakah benar ?

A Heat is released to the surrounding at QR

Haba dibebaskan ke persekitaran di QR

B At RS, the substance exists in two states

Pada RS, bahan wujud dalam dua keadaan

C The kinetic energy does not change at PQ

Tenaga kinetik tidak berubah pada PQ

D Heat is used to break up the bonds between the particles at QR

Haba digunakan untuk memutuskan ikatan antara zarah di QR.

45. What remains unchanged when the gas in an air-tight container is compressed?
Apakah yang tidak berubah apabila gas dalam sebuah bekas kedap udara dimampatkan?

A The average kinetic energy of the particles

Purata tenaga kinetik zarah

B The gas pressure

Tekanan gas

C The frequency of collisions between the particles and the walls

Kekerapan perlanggaran zarah dengan dinding bekas

D The number of particles per unit volume

Bilangan zarah per unit isipadu

27
 4531/1 SULIT

46. Diagram 31 shows the air pressure in a tyre of a car before starting a journey.
Rajah 31 menunjukkan tekanan udara dalam tayar sebuah kereta sebelum memulakan perjalanan.

Diagram 31 / Rajah 31

After a long non-stop journey, the pressure of the tyre is 212.0 kN m-2. This is because
Selepas perjalanan jauh tanpa henti, tekanan tayar menjadi 212.0 kN m-2. Ini kerana

A. the volume of air in the tyre decreases.

Isipadu udara dalam tayar berkurang

B. the temperature of air in the tyre increases.

Suhu udara dalam tayar bertambah

C. the number of air molecules in the tyre increases.

Bilangan molekul udara dalam tayar bertambah

D. frequency of collision between the air molecules in the tyre decreases.

Frekunsi perlanggaran antara molekul udara dalam tayar berkurang

47. Diagram 32(a) shows an air bubble released by a diver at the bottom of the sea.
Diagram 32(b) shows the air bubble when it arrives at the surface of the sea.
Rajah 32(a) menunjukkan satu gelembung udara dilepaskan oleh seorang penyelam di dasar laut. Rajah 32(b)
menunjukkan gelembung udara itu apabila tiba di permukaan laut

Diagram 32(a)/ Rajah 32(a) Diagram 32(b)/ Rajah 32(b)

28
 4531/1 SULIT

The difference in the size of the air bubble can be explained by

Perbezaan dalam saiz gelembung udara itu boleh diterangkan oleh

A Boyle's law / hukum Boyle

B Charles' law / hukum Charles

C Pressure law / hukum tekanan

48.

Diagram 33 / Rajah 33

Diagram 33 shows one method of harnessing solar energy. The light phenomenon used by this system
is
Rajah 33 menunjukkan satu cara untuk mengumpulkan tenaga cahaya matahari. Fenomena cahaya yang
digunakan ialah

A. Refraction / Pembiasan

B. Reflection / Pantulan

C. Diffraction / Belauan

D. Interference / Interferens

29
 4531/1 SULIT

49. Diagram 34 shows the image of a boy seen in a mirror. The mirror is for security in a shop.
Rajah 34 menunjukkan imej seorang budak yang dilihat di dalam cermin. Cermin itu biasanya diguna untuk
keselamatan di dalam kedai.

Diagram 34 / Rajah 34
What type of mirror is being used?
Apakah jenis cermin yang digunakan?

A Plane mirror / Cermin satah

B Convex mirror / cermin cembung
C Concave mirror / cermin cekung
D Parabolic mirror / cermin parabola

50. Diagram 35 shows an observer looking at the image of a fish 50 cm from the water surface.
Rajah 35 menunjukkan seorang pemerhati melihat imej seekor ikan 50 cm dari permukaan air.

40o

Diagram 35 / Rajah 35

What is the actual depth of the fish?

Apakah dalam nyata ikan tersebut?

A 26.7 cm
B 37.4 cm
C 66.8 cm
D 71.4 cm
-END OF QUESTION -
30
 PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR TAHUN
TINGKATAN EMPAT 2010
JAWAPAN KERTAS 1

1 B 11 A 21 B 31 D 41 D
2 C 12 C 22 A 32 D 42 D
3 B 13 D 23 C 33 D 43 B
4 A 14 C 24 B 34 A 44 D
5 C 15 B 25 A 35 C 45 A
6 C 16 C 26 C 36 D 46 B
7 D 17 D 27 B 37 C 47 A
8 A 18 C 28 A 38 B 48 B
9 C 19 D 29 C 39 C 49 B
10 D 20 C 30 C 40 C 50 C
 4531/2 Nama: ........................................ NO. KAD PENGENALAN
Physics
Kertas 2 Tingkatan: ..........................

2010
2 ½ jam

PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR TAHUN 2010

TINGKATAN EMPAT

PHYSICS

Kertas 2
Dua jam tiga puluh minit

1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian : Nama pemeriksa

Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C
2. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A, satu Bahagian Soalan Markah Markah
soalan daripada Bahagian B dan satu soalan Penuh Diperolehi
daripada Bahagian C. 1 4
3. Jawapan kepada ketiga-tiga bahagian ini hendaklah 2 5
diserahkan bersama-sama. 3 6
4. Jawapan kepada Bahagian A hendaklah ditulis
A 4 7
dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan.
5. Jawapan kepada Bahagian B dan Bahagian C 5 8
hendaklah dituliskan pada ruang jawapan yang 6 8
disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini. Walau 7 10
bagaimanapun kertas tulis tambahan sekiranya
8 12
digunakan, perlulah diikat bersama dengan buku
soalan ini. Dalam jawapan anda, persamaan, 1 20
gambar rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang B 2 20
sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda boleh
digunakan. 3 20
6. Rajah tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali C 4 20
dinyatakan.
7. Markah maksimum yang diperuntukkan ditunjukkan Jumlah
dalam kurungan
Kertas soalanpada hujung tiap-tiap
ini mengandungi 32soalan atau
halaman
bahagian soalan.
bercetak
8. Penggunaan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh
diprogramkan dibenarkan.

Kertas ini mengandungi 29 halaman bercetak

4531/2 SULIT

The following information may be useful. The symbols have their usual meaning.
Maklumat berikut mungkin berfaedah (simbol-simbol mempunyai makna yang biasa)

vu
1. a=
t

2. v2 = u2 + 2as

1 2
3. s = ut + at
2
4. Momentum = mv

5. F = ma
1 2
6. Kinetic energy / Tenaga kinetik = mv
2
7. Gravitational potential energy /Tenaga keupayaan = mgh

m
8. ρ=
V
9. Heat / Haba , Q = mcθ

PV
10. = constant / pemalar
T
11. E = mc2

12. v = fλ

Energy Tenaga
13. Power / Kuasa = =
time masa
1 1 1
14. = +
f u v
ax
15. λ=
D
sin i
16. n=
sin r
17. Q = It

18. g = 10 ms-2

19. P = ρgh

20. F = kx

21. e = 1.6 x 10 -19 C

2
 4531/2 SULIT
Section A /Bahagian A
(60 marks)/ 60 markah
Answer all questions in this section.
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1. Figure 1 shows a micrometer screw gauge when the jaws are closed.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan sebuah tolok skru mikrometer semasa rahangnya rapat

Diagram 1 / Rajah 1

a) Name the part label R. [1 mark]

1 (a) Namakan bahagian berlabel R.

......................................................................................................................
1
b) What is the function of the part label R? [1 mark]
1 (b) Apakah fungsi bahagian berlabel R ?

......................................................................................................................
1
c) What is the value of zero error shown by the micrometer above? [1 mark]
1 (c) Berapakah nilai ralat sifar yang ditunjukkan oleh tolok skru mikrometer di atas?

......................................................................................................................
1
d) Give one reason why the measurement from the micrometer screw gauge is more
1 (d) accurate compare to a vernier callipers. [1 mark]
Berikan satu sebab tolok skru mikrometer adalah alat yang lebih jitu berbanding
dengan angkup vernier .
1
......................................................................................................................
Total A1

3
 4531/2 SULIT

2. Diagram 3.1 shows a cheetah chasing a deer in a wild world. Given that the mass
and velocity of the cheetah and the deer are 60 kg , 20 m s -1 and 70 kg , 15 m s-1
respectively. Diagram 3.2 shows the cheetah successfully landed it’s jaws on the
deer and both of them are moving with a same velocity of v m s-1.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan seekor harimau bintang sedang mengejar seekor rusa. Diberi
jisim dan halaju bagi harimau bintang dan rusa itu adalah masing-masing 60 kg , 20 m
s-1 dan 70 kg , 15 m s-1.
Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan harimau bintang itu berjaya menangkap rusa dan kedua-duanya
bergerak dengan halaju yang sama, v m s-1.

Diagram 2.1 / Rajah 2.1 Diagram 2.2 / Rajah 2.2

a) Name a physics quantity that relates the mass and velocity. [1 mark]
2 (a) Namakan satu kuantiti fizik yang mengaitkan jisim dengan halaju.

……………………………………………………………………………………
1
b) State the type of energy that is possessed by the running cheetah. 1mark]
Nyatakan jenis tenaga yang dipunyai oleh harimau bintang yang sedang berlari.
2 (b)
……………………………………………………………………………………
1
c) Calculate the final velocity of the cheetah and the deer. [2 marks]
Hitung halaju sepunya bagi harimau bintang dan rusa
2 (c)
.
2

2 (d) d) Name the Physics principle that is involved in the above hunting. [1 mark]
Namakan prinsip Fizik yang terlibat dalam pemburuan di atas.
1
……………………………………………………………………………………
Total A2

4
 4531/2 SULIT

3. Figure 2 shows the arrangement of the apparatus used to determine the

atmospheric pressure in a laboratory. The length of the glass tube is 110 cm and
the atmospheric pressure in the lab is 76cm Hg.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu susunan radas digunakan untuk menentukan tekanan
atmosfera di dalam makmal. Panjang tiub kaca adalah 110 cm dan tekanan atmosfera
di dalam makmal adalah 76 cm Hg.

Diagram 3 / Rajah 3

3 (a) a) Name the apparatus shown in Figure 3. [1 mark]

Namakan radas yang ditunjukkan pada Rajah 3.
1 …………………………………………………………………………..............

b) What is X? [1 mark]
3 (b) Apakah X?

……………………………………………………………………………...........
1
(c) i) What is the value of H? [1 mark]
3 (c )(i) Apakah nilai H?

……………………………………………………………………………...........
1
ii) What happens to the height, H, when this apparatus is submerged in water.
3 (c)(ii) [1 mark]
Apakah yang berlaku kepada ketinggian, H, apabila radas ini ditenggelamkan ke
dalam air.
1
……………………………………………………………………………….......

5
 4531/2 SULIT
iii) Give a reason for your answer in c(ii). [1 mark]
3 (c)(ii) Berikan satu sebab kepada jawapan anda di c (ii)

…………………………………………………………………………..............
1
d) State one application of atmospheric pressure in everyday life. [1 mark]
3 (d) Nyatakan satu aplikasi tekanan atmosfera dalam kehidupan harian

……………………………………………………………………………...........
1

Total A3

6
 4531/2 SULIT

4. Diagram 4 shows a spring.

Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu spring.

Diagram 4 / Rajah 4

a) When a load is attached to the spring ;

Apabila satu beban dilekatkan pada spring

4 (a)(i) What happen to the length of the spring? [1 mark]

i) Apakah yang berlaku pada panjang spring?
1 ……………………………………………………………………………………

ii) What is the energy stored in the spring? [ 1 mark]

4(a)(ii) Apakah tenaga yang tersimpan dalam spring?

……………………………………………………………………………………
1
iii) If the number of load is increased, what will happen to the energy in 4a(ii)?
4 (a)(iii) [ 1 mark]
Jika bilangan beban ditambah, apakah yang akan berlaku kepada tenaga di 4 a(ii)?
1
……………………………………………………………………………………

b) The initial length of a spring is 15 cm. When a load with mass 300g is attached
to the spring, the length of the spring is 21 cm.
Panjang asal spring adalah 15 cm. Apabila beban berjisim 300g dilekatkan pada
spring. panjang spring adalah 21 cm.

7
 4531/2 SULIT
What is the length of the spring if a load with mass 500g is attached to the
spring? [ 2marks]
Berapakah panjang spring jika beban berjisim 500g dilekatkan pada spring?

4 (b)

c) The spring in Diagram 4 is not suitable to be used as a spring cradle.

Suggest modifications to be done based on the characteristics given below.
Spring dalam Rajah 7 tidak sesuai digunakan untuk buaian spring.
Cadangkan pengubahsuaian-pengubahsuaian yang perlu dilakukan berdasarkan ciri-
ciri yang diberi di bawah.

(i) Arrangement of the springs. [1 mark]

Susunan spring

……………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) Reason[1 mark]

Sebab

……………………………………………………………………………………
4 (c)

Total A4

8
 4531/2 SULIT

5. Diagram 5 shows a series of observation and record made by a student on a

melting ice cube that is put in a metal plate.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan satu siri pemerhatian dan catatan yang dibuat oleh seorang
pelajar tentang peleburan seketul ais di dalam satu bekas logam.

a) Name two sources where the ice cube obtained the heat to change into ice
water. [ 2 marks]
Namakan dua punca di mana ketulan ais itu mendapat haba untuk menukar menjadi
cecair ais.
5 (a)
...................................................................................................................
2 ...................................................................................................................

b) State the change in physical state when the ice cube is melted into ice water.
[1 mark]
Nyatakan perubahan keadaan fizik apabila ketulan ais itu melebur menjadi cecair ais.
5 (b)

...................................................................................................................
1

9
 4531/2 SULIT
c) (i) Name the physics quantity that is involved when ice cube change to water at
constant temperature. [1 mark]
5 (c)(i) Namakan kuantiti fizik yang terlibat apabila ais bertukur menjadi air pada suhu tetap.

1 ...................................................................................................................

ii) Why the temperature is remain constant when ice melts to water? [1 mark]
5 (c)(ii) Mengapa suhu kekal tidak berubah apabila ais bertukar menjadi air?

...................................................................................................................
1

d) If the amount of heat absorbed by the ice cube is 6.72 x l03 J, calculate the
specific latent heat of fusion. [2 mark]
Jika jumlah haba yang diserap oleh ketulan ais itu ialah 6.72 x l03 J, hitung haba
pendam tentu pelakuran.

5 (d)

e) Why water droplets are formed on the outer surface of the metal plate?[1 mark]
Mengapa titisan air terbentuk di permukaan luar bekas logam itu?
5 (e)
...................................................................................................................
1

Total A5

10
 4531/2 SULIT

6. Diagram 6.1 and 6.2 show two watermelons fall off a table and drop on to
surface A and surface B respectively.
Rajah 6.1 dan 6.2 menunjukkan dua biji tembikai jatuh dari sebuah meja ke atas
permukaan A dan permukaan B masing-masing

Diagram 6.1/Rajah 6.1 Diagram 6.2/ Rajah 6.2

a) What is meant by impulse? [1 mark]

6 (a) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan impuls

..................................................................................................................
1
b) With reference to Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2,
Merujuk kepada Rajah 6.1 dan Rajah 6.2,

i) Compare the force on the watermelons that strike on Surface A and Surface B.
6 (b)(i) [1 mark]
Bandingkan daya pada tembikai yang menghentam ke atas Permukaan A dan
permukaan B.
1
..................................................................................................................

ii) Compare the time of impact of the watermelons on Surface A and Surface B.
6 (b)(ii) [1 mark]
Bandingkan masa hentaman tembikai itu pada Permukaan A dan Permukaan B.
1 ..................................................................................................................

iii) State the relationship between the force produced in a collision and the time of
6 (b)(iii) impact [1 mark]
Nyatakan hubungan antara daya yang dihasilkan dalam suatu perlanggaran dengan
masa hentaman
1
..................................................................................................................

11
 4531/2 SULIT
c) Mark with a (√ ) for the correct statement about the change of momentum of the
watermelons in both situations above. [1 mark]
Tandakan (√ ) pada pernyataan yang betul mengenai perubahan momentum pada
tembikai dalam dua situasi di atas.

The change of momentum of the watermelon in Diagram 6.1 is greater

than that of the watermelon in Diagram 6.2.
Perubahan momentum pada tembikai dalam Rajah 6.1 adalah lebih besar
daripada tembikai dalam Rajah 6.2.

The change of momentum of the watermelon in Diagram 6.2 is greater

than that of the watermelon in Diagram 6.1
Perubahan momentum pada tembikai dalam Rajah 6.2 adalah lebih besar
daripada tembikai dalam Rajah 6.1.

The change of momentum of the watermelon in Diagram 6.1 is equal

6 (c) to that of the watermelon in Diagram 6.2
Perubahan momentum pada tembikai dalam Rajah 6.1 adalah sama dengan
tembikai dalam Rajah 6.2.
1
d) Suggest a suitable material for surface B. [1 mark]
6 (d) Cadangkan satu bahan yang sesuai bagi permukaan B.

1 ..................................................................................................................

.
Diagram 6.3/Rajah 6.3

6 (e) By referring to the Diagram 6.3, explain how the driver is able to avoid serious
injuries then the car stopped suddenly. [2 marks]
2 Rujuk pada Rajah 6.3, terangkan bagaimana pemandu itu dapat mengelakkan
kecederaan yang parah ketika kereta berhenti dengan tiba-tiba.

……………………………………………………………………………………
Total A6
……………… …………………………………………………………….... ….
8

12
 4531/2 SULIT

7. Diagram 7.1 shows a dentist chair for children. The chair uses a hydraulic
system.
Rajah 7.1menunjukkan sebuah kerusi untuk mencabut gigi kanak-kanak. Kerusi ini
menggunakan sistem hidraulik.

Diagram 7 / Rajah 7

a) Name the physics principle used in a hydraulic system. [1 mark]

7 (a) Namakan prinsip fizik yang digunakan dalam sistem hidraulik.

…………………………………………………..........................................................
1
b) Explain how the chair can be lifted up when the pedal is pressed down?
[2 marks]
Terangkan bagaimana kerusi itu dapat dinaikkan apabila pedal ditekan ke bawah?
7 (b)
……………………………………………………………………………………………

1 ……………………………………………………………………………………………

c) Why the system is less effective if air bubbles are present in hydraulic fluid?
[1 mark]
Mengapakah system itu kurang berkesan jika gelembung udara wujud dalam cecair
hidraulik?
7 (c)
……………………………………………………………………………………………

13
 4531/2 SULIT
d) The cross sectional area of the big piston and the small piston are 100 cm2 and
20 cm2 respectively. The mass of the chair is 20 kg. [2 marks]
Calculate the force exerted on the small piston to lifted up the child of 30 kg.
Luas keratan rentas omboh besar dan omboh kecil masing-masing adalah 100 cm2
dan 20 cm2 Jisim kerusi ialah 20 kg.
Hitungkan daya yang dikenakan pada omboh kecil untuk mengangkat seorang kanak-
kanak berjisim 30 kg.

7 (d)

. e)
Suggest the modifications required to the size of piston and the size of the seat
so that the chair is suitable and safe for the use of adults. Give the reasons.
[4 marks]
Cadangkan pengubahsuaian yang perlu dilakukan pada saiz omboh dan saiz tempat
duduk supaya kerusi ini sesuai dan selamat digunakan untuk orang dewasa. Berikan
sebab.

Piston size / Saiz piston :

…………………………………………………..........................................................

Reason/ sebab

…………………………………………………..........................................................

Seat size / Saiz tempat duduk:

7 (e)
…………………………………………………..........................................................

4 Reason/ sebab

…………………………………………………..........................................................

7 (f) f) State one application of a hydraulic system in everyday life. [1 mark]

Nyatakan satu aplikasi tekanan atmosfera dalam kehidupan harian
1
……………………………………………………………………………...........

Total A7

10

14
4531/2 SULIT

8. Diagram 8.1 and Diagram 8.2 show a block of iron and a block of aluminium,
each of mass 250 g, are heated by an immersion heater. The power of the
immersion heater is 50 W.
Rajah 8.1 dan Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan sebuah blok besi dan sebuah blok aluminium
setiap satu berjisim 250 g dipanaskan dengan pemanas rendam. Kuasa pemanas
rendam itu adalah 50 W.

Diagram 8.1/ Rajah 8.1 Diagram 8.2/ Rajah 8.2

The temperature-time graph for the two experiments are shown in diagram 8.3
.Graf suhu-masa bagi kedua-dua eksperimen ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 8.3.

Diagram 8.3/ Rajah 8.3

15
 4531/2 SULIT
a) What is meant by heat? [ 1 mark]
8 (a) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan haba?

1 ……………………………………………………………………………………

b) Based on Diagram 8.3, calculate the change in temperature per minute for;
Berdasarkan Rajah 8.3, hitung perubahan suhu per minit untuk

8 (b)(i) (i) Iron [2 marks]

Besi
2

(ii) Aluminium [2 marks]

Aluminium
8 (b)(ii)

c) Based on your calculation, which metal gets hot faster? Explain your answer.
[2 marks]
Berdasarkan kepada kiraan anda, logam yang manakah lebih cepat panas? Terangkan
8 (c) jawapan anda.

2 ……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………..

16
 4531/2 SULIT

d) Determine the specific heat capacity for iron and aluminium. [3 marks]
Tentukan muatan haba tentu besi dan aluminium. [3 markah]

8 (d)

e) Table 1 shows the specific heat capacity of materials which could be used to
make a frying pan.
Jadual 8 menunjukkan muatan haba tentu bahan yang boleh digunakan untuk
membuat kuali.

Material Specific heat capacity/ J kg-1 oC-1

Bahan Muatan haba tentu
A 780
B 1528
C 1415

TABLE 1
Jadual 1

Based on your answer in (c) and (d) , which material would be suitable to make
8 (e) a frying pan?Explain your answer. [ 2 marks]
Berdasarkan kepada jawapan anda di (c) dan (d), bahan yang manakah sesuai untuk
2 dibuat kuali? Terangkan jawapan anda. [2 markah]

…………………………………………………………....................................

…………………………………………………………....................................

…………………………………………………………....................................
Total A8

12

17
4531/2 SULIT

Section B
Bahagian B

[20 marks]
[20 markah]
Answer any one question from this section.
Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahangian ini.

9 (a) Diagram 9.1 shows a stationary pistol on a smooth surface.

Diagram 9.2 shows the pistol and bullet after the pistol has been fired by remote
control.
Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan sebuah pistol pegun di atas permukaan licin.
Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan pistol dan peluru selepas tembakan dilepaskan secara
kawalan jauh.

(i) What is the meaning of momentum?

Apakah maksud dengan momentum?
[1 mark]

18
4531/2 SULIT

(ii) State the total momentum of the pistol and bullet in Diagram 9.1
Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the total momentum
Before and after the bullet is fired.
Using Diagram 9.2, compare the magnitude and direction of the
Momentum of the bullet and pistol.
Name the physics principle that can be applied to the motion of the
bullet and pistol.

Menggunakan Rajah 9.1 dan Rajah 9.2, bandingkan jumlah

momentum sebelum dan selepas peluru itu ditembak.
Menggunakan Rajah 9.2, bandingkan magnitud dan arah momentum
Peluru dan pistol.
Nyatakan prinsip fizik yang boleh diaplikasi kepada gerakan peluru
dan pistol itu.
[5 marks]

(b) Describe, in terms of momentum, the propulsion of a rocket engine.

Terangkan, dalam sebutan momentum, rejangan sebuah enjin roket.
[4 marks]

19
4531/2 SULIT

(c) Diagram 9.3 shows a the structure of a jet engine for a small jet plane.
Rajah 9.3 menunjukkan struktur sebuah enjin jet bagi sebuah kapal terbang jet yang
kecil.

Daigram 9.3
Rajah 9.3

You are required to give some suggestions to improve the design of the jet engine so
that it can be used on a larger jet plane that travels at a higher speed.
Using the knowledge on forces and motion and the properties of materials, explain
the suggestions based on the aspects labeled on Diagram 9.3

Anda dikehendaki memberi beberapa cadangan untuk membaiki reka bentuk enjin jet
itu supaya enjin jet itu boleh digunakan pada sebuah kapal terbang jet yang lebih
besar dan bergerak lebih laju.
Menggunakan pengetahuan tentang gerakan, daya dan sifat-sifat bahan
terangkan cadangan itu yang merangkumi aspek-aspek yang dilabel pada Rajah 9.3.
[10 marks]

20
4531/2 SULIT

10 Diagram 10.1(a), Diagram 10.2(b) and Diagram 10.2(c) show a rock hung on a spring
balance in air, immersed in water and cooking oil respectively. The reading of the
spring balance for each situation is as shown in Diagram 10.1.

Rajah 10.1(a),Rajah 10.1(b) dan Rajah 10.1(c) menunjukkan sebiji batu digantung
pada neraca spring di udara, direndam dalam air dan minyak masak masing-
masing.Bacaan neraca spring bagi setiap keadaan adalah seperti pada Rajah 10.1.

Diagram 10.1
Rajah 10.1

(a) (i) What is meant by weight?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan berat?
[1 mark]

(ii) Using Diagram 10.1(a), Diagram 10.1(b) and Diagram 10.1(c), compare
the spring balance reading, the weight lost of the rock and the density of
the water and the cooking oil.

Relating the weight lost and the density, deduce a relevant physics
concept.

21
4531/2 SULIT

Menggunakan Rajah 10.1(a), Rajah 10.1(b) dan Rajah 10.1(c),

bandingkan bacaan neraca spring, berat hilang dan ketumpatan air
dan ketumpatan minyak masak.
Hubungkaitkan berat hilang dan ketumpatan bagi menghasilkan
satu konsep fizik yang sesuai..
[4 marks]

(iii)Name the physics principle that explains the above situations.

Namakan prinsip fizik yang menerangkan situasi di atas.
[1 mark]

b) Diagram 10.2 shows a copper block and a bowl shape copper sheet of same mass.
Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan satu blok kuprum dan sekeping kuprum berbentuk mangkuk yang
sama jisim
.
Explain why the copper block sink in water but the bowl shape copper sheet floats on
water.
Terangkan mengapa blok kuprum tenggelam dalam air tetapi kepingan kuprum berbentuk
mangkuk timbul di atas air.
[4 marks]

Diagram 10.2
Rajah 10.2

22
4531/2 SULIT

(c) Diagram 10.3 shows a barge used to transport goods from fresh water port to the ship
anchored away from the seaside.
Rajah 10.3 menunjukkan sebuah tongkang digunakan untuk mengangkut barang dari
pelabuhan air tawar ke kapal yang berlabuh berjauhan dengan pantai.

Diagram 10.3
Rajah 10.3

Using suitable physics concepts, explain the required modification needed in

designing a barge that can carry more and heavier goods, move faster and safe in
fresh and salt water.

You can emphasise on the following aspects in your modification;

Menggunakan konsep fizik yang sesuai terangkan pengubahsuaian yang diperlukan dalam
merekabentuk sebuah tongkang yang dapat mengangkut barang yang lebih berat dan banyak,
bergerak lebih laju dan selamat di kawasan air tawar dan masin.
Pengubahsuaian adalah merangkumi aspek-aspek berikut:

i. material used
bahan yang digunakan

ii. plimsoll line

garisan plimsoll

iii. shape and size of the barge

bentuk dan saiz tongkang
[10 marks]

23
4531/2 SULIT

Section C
Bahagian C

[20 marks]
[20 markah]
Answer any one question from this section.
Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahangian ini.
11 (a) What is meant by temperature?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan suhu?
[1 mark]

(b) Explain how a new thermometer can be calibrated?

Terangkan bagaimana janjangkasuhu baru boleh disenggatkan?
[4 marks]

Diagram 11.1
Rajah 11.1

(c) Diagram 11.1 shows a cooling system of a motorcycle engine.

You as a mechanical engineer is given a task to study characteristics of metal shown
in the Table11.2 to be used as effective fins in the cooling system of the motorcycle
engine.

Rajah 11.1 menunjukkan system penyejukan enjin motosikal.

Anda sebagai jurutera mekanikal diberi tugasan untuk menghaji cirri-ciri logam yang
ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 11.2 untuk digunakan sebagai sirip enjin motosikal yang efektif.

24
4531/2 SULIT

Types of Specific heat Melting point Heat Rate of

metal capacity ºC conductor expansion
Jkg-1ºC-1
Jenis logam Muatan haba Takat lebur Konduktor Kadar
tentu ºC haba pengembangan
Jkg-1ºC-1

P 300 1020 Good Moderate

Baik Sederhana
Q 360 700 Moderate High
Sederhana Tinggi
R 450 1600 Good Moderate
Baik Sederhana
S 900 720 Moderate High
Sederhana Tinggi

Table 11
Jadual 11

(i) State suitable characteristics of metal that is used as fins in the

motorcycle engine
Nyatakan kesesuaian ciri-ciri logam digunakan sebagai sirip penyejuk dalam
enjin motosikal.

(ii) Determine the most suitable metal that can be used as fins. Give reasons
for your choice.
Tentukan logam yang paling sesuai digunakan untuk sirip penyejuk. Berikan
sebab kepada pilihan anda.
.[10 marks]

(d) (i) A piece of fin in the engine of a motorcycle with a mass of 0.5 kg made
from metal R. If the temperature increased by 10ºC in an hour, how
much of energy being absorbed by the fin.
Sekeping sirip pada enjin motosikal berjisim 0.5 kg dibuat daripada logam R.
Jika suhu meningkat sebanyak 10ºC dalam satu jam, berapakah tenaga haba
telah diserap oleh sirip tersebut?
. [3 marks]

(ii) If 10 fins identical to the one in (d)(i) are used in the motorcycle engine,
how much energy is lost by the engine in one hour?
Jika terdapat 10 keping siri-sirip yang serupa seperti (d)(i) pada enjin
motosikal, berapakah jumlah tenaga yang hilang oleh enjin itu dalam sejam?
.[2 marks]

25
4531/2 SULIT

12 Diagram 12.1 shows a scene at a supermarket. There is a mirror at the top corner.
Rajah 12.1 menunjukkan satu pemandangan di sebuah pasar raya. Terdapat sebuah cermin
terletak di atas suatu penjuru.

Diagram 12.1
Rajah 12.1

This is a curved mirror. Its function is to show the images of a large area of the
supermarket so that the supervisors can keep a watch on the shoppers.
Cermin ini adalah sebuah cermin lengkung. Fungsinya ialah untuk melihat imej bagi suatu
ruang yang besar bagi pasar raya tersebut supaya penyelia pasar raya itu dapat mengawal
pelanggannya.

Table 12 shows four different type of curved mirrors, P. Q, R and S, and the
specifications for four aspects of the mirrors.
Jadual 12 menunjukkan empat jenis cermin lengkung, P, Q, R dan S , dan spesifikasi bagi
empat aspek cermin tersebut.

26
4531/2 SULIT

Type of Aspects of the mirror

mirror Aspek cermin
Jenis cermin Type of Focal length Diameter of Location of
curvature of mirror mirror mirror
Jenis Panjang fokus Diameter Kedudukan
lengkungan cermin cermin cermin
P Concave Long Large On the ceiling
Cekung Panjang Besar Di atas siling
Q Convex Short Large Top corner of
Cembung Pendek Besar the wall
Penjuru atas
tepi dinding
R Convex Short Small At the middle
Cembung Pendek Kecil of the wall
Di tengah-
tengah dinding
S Convex Long Large On the ceiling
Cembung Panjang Besar Di atas siling

Table 12
Jadual 12

(a) Name the optical phenomenon that is responsible for the formation of images in the
curved mirrors.
Namakan fenomena optik yang bertanggungjawab membentuk imej bagi cermin lengkung.
[1 mark]

(b) You are required to choose the most suitable type of mirror for this purpose . Study
the various aspects and specifications for the four types of mirrors.

(i) Explain how each of the four aspects mentioned can affect your choice
of the most suitable mirror.
(ii) Based on the specifications given, choose the most suitable mirror.
Justify your choice
Anda diminta memilih jenis cermin yang paling sesuai untuk tujuan ini. Kaji berbagai
aspek dan spesifikasi bagi keempat-empat jenis cermin.

(i) Terangkan setiap satu daripada tiga aspek yang dinyatakan yang
mempengaruhi pilihan anda.
(ii) Berdasarkan spesifikasi yang diberikan, pilih cermin yang paling sesuai.
Berikan sebab pilihan anda.
[10 marks]

27
4531/2 SULIT

(c) Diagram 12.2 shows a concave mirror. F is the focal point along the principal axis.
C is the centre of curvature.
Rajah 12.2 menunjukkan sebuah cermin cekung. F ialah titik fokus bagi paksi
utama, C ialah pusat lengkungan.

Diagram 12.2
Rajah 12.2

(i) Copy this diagram in your answer script and draw the ray diagram for an
object in the form of an upright arrow to show how an upright
magnified image can be formed.
Salin rajah ini di dalam kertas jawapan anda dan lukis gambar rajah sinar
untuk objek ini dalam bentuk anak panah ke atas untuk menunjukkan
bagaimana imej tegak yang dibesarkan terbentuk.

[4 marks]

(ii) Give two examples of this application based on part (c)(i)..

Beri dua contoh aplikasi ini berdasarkan bahagian (c)(i).
[2 marks]

28
4531/2 SULIT
(d) An object is placed between the focal point F and the centre of curvature, C of a
concave mirror as shown in Diagram 12.3. The radius of curvature is 20 cm
Satu obkek diletakkan di antara titik fokus F dan pusat lengkungan C bagi sebuah
cermin cekung ditunjukkan di dalam Rajah 12.3. Diberi radius lengkungan ialah 20
cm.

Diagram 12.3
Rajah 12.3

How far should the object be moved from its original position, so that the image of
the same size is produced?
Berapa jauhkah objek itu perlu digerakkan dari posisi asal, supaya dapat
menghasilkan imej yang sama saiz?
[3 marks]

-END OF QUESTIONS PAPER-

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

29
 Peperiksaan Akhir Tahun Tingkatan 4 2010
Marking scheme Paper 2 (4531/2)
Section A

QUESTION 1 Mark/marks
1 a) Ratchet 1
b) To prevent the user from exerting undue pressure on the object @ 1
To prevent the user from exerting too much pressure / over tightening
c) -0.02mm 1
d) Able to measure the smallest unit 0.01mm / higher sensitivity 1
TOTAL 4
QUESTION 2
2 a) Momentum 1
b) Kinetic energy 1
c) (60)(20) + (70)(20) = (60 + 70)(V) 1

V = 17.31 m s-1 1
d) Principle of Conservation of Momentum 1
TOTAL 5
QUESTION 3
3)a) Barometer / simple barometer /mercury barometer 1
b) Vacuum 1
c)i) 76 cm Hg 1
ii) H increase 1
iii) Because the total pressure increase.// The pressure outside glass tube 1
increases // pressure of water + atmospheric pressure
d) Siphon // suction cup// vacuum cleaner// straw// syringe//sucker 1
TOTAL 6
QUESTION 4
4a)i) Length increases/ longer /extended 1
ii) Elastic potential energy 1
iii) Increase 1
b) Extension ( 21-15 ) cm= 6 cm 1
300g-------6 cm
100g-------2 cm
500g--------2 x 5 = 10 cm
1
Length of spring = 15 + 10 = 25 cm
c)i) Parallel 1
ii) Load is shared equally among the spring / can support higher load 1
TOTAL 7
QUESTION 5
5 (a) Heat from the surrounding 1
Heat from the metal plate 1
(b) Solid to liquid 1
c (i) Specific latent heat of fusion 1
(ii) Heat absorbed is used to overcome the forces of attraction between the 1
molecules of the ice

1
 (d) L = 6.72 x 103 J 1
20 x 10-3 kg
= 3.36 x 105 J kg-1 1
(e) Condensation of water vapour on cool surface 1
TOTAL 8
QUESTION 6
6)a) Change of momentum/product of Force with time of impact 1
b) (i) Force on the watermelon in Diagram 6.1 is larger than the force on the 1
watermelon in Diagram 6.2 / vice versa
ii) Time of impact on surface A is shorter than time of impact on surface 1
B / vice versa
iii) A shorter time of impact will produce a larger force 1
c) The change of momentum of the watermelon in Diagram 6.1 is equal 1
to that of the watermelon in Diagram 6.2
d) Sponge/carpet/towel/cloth/grass & other 1
e) Body will be hold back by the seat belt when car stopped suddenly 1
The seat belt will lengthen slightly, the impulsive force inflicted on the 1
body will be less
TOTAL 8
QUESTION 7
7)a) Pascal’s Principle 1
b) When the small piston is pressed down, the pressure is exerted on the 1
liquid and transmits uniformly to the large piston
The force is produced and pushes the chair up

c) Some of the force is used to compress air bubble 1

d) F 500 1
=
20 100

100 N 1
e) Increase the cross sectional area of the big piston @ Decrease the size 1
of the small piston
To increase the force multiplier 1
Enlarge the size of the seat /Strengthen the seat belt 1
To accommodate the larger bodies of adults/ 1
To withstand the heavier adults without damage
f) hydraulic lift// hydraulic brake// hydraulic pump //hydraulic jeck 1
TOTAL 10
QUESTION 8
8. (a) Energy transfer from higher temperature body to lower temperature 1
// type of energy that flow //form of energy
(b) (i) 80 1
2
= 40 °C per minute 1
(ii) 100 -20
7
= 80 1
7
= 11.43 °C per minute 1
(c) -Iron/Besi 1

2
 -The rate of change of temperature is higher 1
(d) C iron = 50 x 2 x 60 1
0.25 x 80
= 300 J kg-1 °C-1 1

C Al = 50 x 8 x 60
0.25 x 80
= 1200 J kg-1 °C-1 1
(e) -A 1
- it has lowest specific heat capacity // 1
- easily to get hot
TOTAL 12

SECTION B
NO SUGGESTED ANSWER MARKS
9 (a)(i) State the meaning correctly 1
- Product of mass and velocity / /momentum = mass x velocity 1
(ii) State the total momentum in Diagram 9.1 correctly 1
- Zero
Compare the total momentum correctly 1
- Total momentum before the bullet is fired = total momentum
after the bullet is fired.
Compare the magnitude of the momentum of the bullet and
pistol correctly 1
- Equal
Compare the direction of the momentum of the bullet and
pistol correctly 1
- Opposite
Name the physics principle correctly 1
- Principle of Conservation of Momentum

- Liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen fuel is pump into the 1

(b) combustion chamber for combustion
- The exhaust gas is ejected out of the rocket nozzle at high speed. 1
- The ejected exhaust gas at high speed has a large momentum. 1
- According to the Principle of Conservation of Momentum, the 1
rocket acquires a large momentum forward

Aspects/ Characterisitics Explanations/Reasons

Blades Using bigger Increase the air intake
(c) blades/Increase the number 1,1
of blades/ increase the
speed of blade
Material of Blade made of strong Can withstand strong
blade material pressure/it will not break 1,1
easily
Fuel injector Increase the number of fuel More fuel to be burnt to
injectors// produce greater thrust 1,1
add more fuel injectors

Combustion Increase the size of the More space for the fuel to
chamber combustion chamber be burnt 1,1

Nozzle - Decrease the diameter of - Exhaust gas ejected at

the nozzle higher velocity/higher
momentum 1,1

TOTAL 20

3
10 a)(i) Gravitational force // the product of mass and gravitational due to gravity : 1
W =mg

(ii)  Weight lost in Diagram 10.1(b) > Diagram 10.1(c) // vise versa 1
 Apparent weight in Diagram 10.1(c) > Diagram10.1(b) // vise versa 1
 Density of water > density of oil
 The greater the density of liquid, the greater the weight lost / less 1
apparent weight 1

(iii)  Archimedes Principle / Law of floatation 1

(b)  Name two correct force (uptrust and weight) 1

1
 Uptrust small because small volume // vise versa
1
 Block sink because weight > upthrust
1
 Sheet float because weight = upthrust

(c)
Modifications Explanations 1,1
Strong material Can withstand great force 1,1
Low density material Light weight 1,1
Two stage plimsoll line Save in fresh and salt water 1,1
Big size Can place more good 1,1
Aerodynamic shape Reduce water friction

TOTAL 20

SECTION C
11 (a) Degree of hotness of an object 1

(b) 1. Put the thermometer in melting ice, mark the lower part of mercury 1
thread, l0 1
2. Place the same thermometer in the boiling water, mark the top part
of the mercury thread, l100 1
3. Divide the length between the two marks inti 100 equal divisions 1
4. Each division is now equal to 1ºC 1

(c) Characteristics Reasons

Specific heat capacity is low Faster to get hot 1,1
Melting point is high Does not melt easily 1,1
Good conductor of heat Heat can be gained and lost easily 1,1
Rate of expansion is moderate The shape of the fin unchanged 1,1
The most suitable is P because specific heat capacity is low, melting point 1,1
is high, conductor heat is good and rate of expansion is moderate.

(d) i) Q = mcø 1
= 0.5 x 450 x 10 1
= 2250 J 1

ii) Energy lost = 10 x 2250

= 22500 J 1
1

4
 TOTAL 20
12 (a) Reflection 1

(b)(i) Aspects Characteristics Explanation/Reasons

Type of curvature Convex mirror It forms upright
images/It gives a wide 1,1
field of view
Focal length of mirror Short focal length It gives a wide field of 1,1
view
Diameter of mirror Large diameter, bigger It will provide a bigger
radius view of area being 1,1
seen
Location of mirror Top corner of the wall It will provides a
bigger area of view 1,1
The most suitable is Q because it is made of convex mirror, it has short
(ii) focal length, large diameter and located at the top corner of the wall. 1,1

P 4

O I
O
O
S
Draw arrow OP (1)
c i) O
Draw line CPS (1)
Draw line FS (1)
O
Draw arrow IS (1)

Make up mirror, reflectors of torchers and head lamps, dentist mirror ( any
(ii) 1,1
two of the answers)

Given, radius of curvature = 20 cm, so F = 10 cm

d) 1
To form image of same size of object, object must be placed at point C.
1
Therefore, x = 10 - 4 = 6 cm
1

TOTAL 20

5
Nama: ……………………………………. Tingkatan: …………………
Fizik
Kertas 3

2010
1 1/2 jam

PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR TAHUN 2010

TINGKATAN 4

FIZIK

Kertas 3

Satu jam 30 minit

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa. Untuk kegunaan Pemeriksa

Markah Markah
2. Soalan dalam bahasa Inggeris mendahului Bahagian No.
Penuh Diperolehi
soalan yang sepadan dalam Bahasa Melayu.
1 16
3. Calon dibenarkan menjawab keseluruhan atau A
sebahagian soalan sama ada dalam bahasa
Inggeris atau bahasa Melayu. 2 12

3 12
B

4 12

Jumlah

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 14 halaman bercetak

4531/3 SULIT
Section A
Bahagian A
[ 28 marks ]
[28 markah]
Answer all questions in this section
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini
The time suggested to complete this section is 60 minutes
Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab bahagian ini ialah 60 minit

1. A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the

extension of spring,x, and weight of load,w. Diagram 1.1 shows the arrangement of the
apparatus for the experiment.
Seorang murid menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji hubungan antara
pemanjangan spring, x, dengan berat pemberat, w. Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan susunan
radas untuk eksperimen tersebut.

0 cm
100 cm

Diagram 1.1
Rajah 1.1

At the beginning of the experiment there is no load. The initial length of the spring is, lo,
10.0 cm. A load of 30 N is used and the reading is recorded.The procedures are
repeated with different loads of weight,w, equal to 40 N, 50 N, 60 N and 70 N. The
actual corresponding readings are shown in Diagrams 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6.

Spring digantung tanpa pemberat pada permulaan eksperimen. Panjang spring asal,
lo, 10.0 cm. Pemberat 30 N digantung pada spring dan bacaan diambil. Prosedur
diulangi dengan pemberat yang mempunyai berat yang berbeza, w, iaitu 40 N, 50 N, 60
N dan 70 N. Bacaan penunjuk pada spring yang sepadan ditunjukkan pada Rajah 1.2,
1.3, 1.4, 1.5 dan 1.6.

2
4531/3 SULIT

45.5 cm

Diagram 1.2
Rajah 1.2
Weight of slotted weight 30 N
Berat pemberat ialah 30 N

l1 = …………………… cm

58.5 cm

Diagram 1.3
Rajah 1.3

Weight of slotted weight 40 N

Berat pemberat ialah 40 N

l2 = …………………… cm

70.5 cm

Diagram 1.4
Rajah 1.4

Weight of slotted weight 50 N

Berat pemberat ialah 50 N

l3 = …………………… cm

3
4531/3 SULIT

82.5 cm

Diagram 1.5
Rajah 1.5

Weight of slotted weight 60 N

Berat pemberat ialah 60 N

l4= …………………… cm

94.5 cm

Diagram 1.6
Rajah 1.6

Weight of slotted weight 70 N

Berat pemberat ialah 70 N

l5= …………………… cm

4
4531/3 SULIT
For
(a) For the experiment described on page 2, identify: examiner’s
Bagi eksperimen yang diterangkan di halaman 2, kenal pasti: use

(i) The manipulated variable

Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan

…………………………………………………………………………………………… 1) (a) (i)

[1 mark]
[1 markah]
1
(ii) The responding variable
Pembolehubah bergerak balas

1) (a) (ii)
………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
[1 markah] 1
(iii) The constant variable
Pembolehubah dimalarkan

………………………………………………………………………………………….…
[1 mark] 1) (a) (iii)
[1 markah]

(b) Based on Diagrams 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6 on page 4 and page 5:
1
Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 dan 1.6 di halaman 4 dan 5:

(i) Record the reading of each length of spring,l, in the spaces provided on page 3
and page 4 respectively.
Catatkan bacaan panjang spring, l, dalam ruang yang disediakan di halaman 3 dan
4.

[2 marks]
[2 markah] 1) (b) (i)

5
4531/3 SULIT
( ii ) By using the formula x = l - lo, calculate the values of x for each of the extension For
examiner’s
of spring. use
Dengan menggunakan formula x = l – lo, hitungkan nilai-nilai x bagi setiap
pemanjangan spring.

1) (b) (ii)

[2 marks]
[2 markah] 2

( iii ) Tabulate your results for l and x for all values of w, in the space below.
Jadualkan keputusan anda bagi l dan x untuk semua nilai w, pada ruang
di bawah.

1) (b) (iii)

[3 marks]
[3 markah]
3
(c) On the graph paper on page 7, plot a graph of x against w .
1) (c)
Pada kertas graf di halaman 7, lukis graph x melawan w.

[5 marks]
[5 markah] 5

(d) Based on your graph in1( c ), state the relationship between x and w.
Berdasarkan graf anda di1( c ), nyatakan hubungan antara x dan w.
1) (d)

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
1
[1 markah]

16
6
4531/3 SULIT
Graph of x against W
Graf x melawan W

7
4531/3 SULIT

2.

Figure 2
Rajah 2

8
4531/3 SULIT

A student carried out an experiment to investigate the relationship For

examiner’s
between the pressure , P ,and volume , V , of a fixed mass of gas use
at constant temperature.
The results of the experiment is shown in a graph of 1/V against P
shown in Figure 2

Seorang murid menjalankan satu ekperimen untuk mengkaji hubungan

antara tekanan,P dan isipadu,V bagi jisim tetap gas pada suhu malar.
Keputusan eksperimen itu ditunjukkan oleh graf 1/V melawan P pada
Rajah 2

Based on the the graph 2

Berdasarkan graf pada rajah 2
2) (a)
(a) State the relationship between P and V [1 mark]
Nyatakan hubungan antara P dan V [1 markah]
1
……………………………………………………………………………

(b) The relationship between P and V is given by the equation;

PV=k where k is the gas constant.

Hubungan antara P dan V diberi oleh formula;

PV = k dimana k ialah pemalar gas

(i) Calculate the gradient , m , of the graph.

Show on the graph how you determine the gradient.
Hitungkan kecerunan, m bagi graf
Tunjukkan pada graf itu bagaimana anda menghitung m

2) (b) (i)

[3 marks]
[3markah]
9 3
4531/3 SULIT
(ii) By using the value of gradient, determine the value of the For
examiner’s
gas constant , k. m = 1 use
k

Dengan menggunakan kecerunan, tentukan nilai pemalar gas, k. m = 1

k

2) (b) (ii)

[2 marks]
[2 markah] 2
(iii) By using the value of k, determine the value of V when P = 20.0 N
cm2
Dengan menggunakan nilai k, tentukan nilai V apabila P = 20.0 N cm2

2) (b) (iii)

[2 marks]
[2 markah] 2
-2.
(c) Determine the value of V, when the pressure P = 12 N cm
Show on the graph how you determine the value of V
-2.
Tentukan nilai V, apabila tekanan P = 12 N cm
Tunjukkan pada graf itu bagaimana anda menghitung V 2) (c)

[3 marks]
[3 markah] 3
(d) State one precaution to get an accurate result.
2) (d)
Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang boleh diambil untuk mendapat
keputusan yang tepat.
[1 mark] 1
…………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah]

12

10
4531/3 SULIT
Section B
[12 marks/markah]

Answer one question only.

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan

3 Diagram 3.1 shows a car pulling a heavily packed trailer. The trailer is
attached to the car with a locking mechanism. The car’s engine is exerting
a constant force that causes the car and the trailer to accelerate together.
Diagram 3.2 shows what happens when the locking mechanism fails and
the trailer is dislodged. The car lurches forward with an increased
acceleration on its own.

Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan sebuah kereta sedang menarik sebuah trailer yang
penuh muatan. Suatu mekanisma kunci menghubungkan kereta dengan trailer.
Enjin kereta mengenakan satu daya yang tetap menyebabkan kereta dan trailer
mengalami pecutan yang sama.

Diagram 3.1 / Rajah 3.1

Diagram 3.2/Rajah3.2

11
4531/3 SULIT
Based on the effect onto the car’s acceleration;
Berdasarkan kesan ke atas pecutan kereta:
(a) make an inference. 1mark]
buat satu inferens [1markah]
(b) state an appropriate hypothesis that could be investigated
nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai yang boleh disiasat. [1mark]
[1markah]
(c) With the use of apparatus such as ticker timer, trolley and other
suitable apparatus, describe one experiment to investigate the
hypothesis state in 4(b)
Dengan menggunakan radas seperti jangka masa detik, troli dan lain-lain
radas, terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang
dinyatakan di 3(b)

In your description, state clearly the following :

Dalam penerangan anda, jelaskan perkara berikut:

(i) aim of the experiment,

tujuan eksperimen,

(ii) variables in the experiment,

pembolehubah yang terlibat dalam eksperimen,

(iii) list of apparatus and materials,

senarai radas dan bahan,

(iv) arrangement of the apparatus,

susunan radas,

(v) the procedure of the experiment, including the method of

controlling the manipulated variable and the method of
measuring the responding variable,
prosedur eksperimen termasuk kaedah mengawal pembolehubah
dimanipulasi dan kaedah mengukur pembolehubah bergerak
balas,

(vi) the way you would tabulate the data, and

cara bagaimana anda akan menjadualkan data, dan
[10 marks]
(vii) the way you would analyse the data. [10 markah]
cara bagaimana anda akan menganalisis data.

12
4531/3 SULIT

4 Figure 4.1 and figure 4.2 below shows different shapes of shoe worn by
the same lady on the same surface of the road.
Observe the pressure exerted act on the lady.

Rajah 4.1 dan 4.2 di bawah menunjukkan bentuk kasut yang berbeza yang
dipakai oleh seorang perempuan yang sama
Perhatikan tekanan yang dikenakan ke atas perempuan itu

Based on the information and observations:

Berdasarkan maklumat dan pemerhatian tersebut :

Figure 4.1 Figure 4.2

(a) make an inference. 1mark]
buat satu inferens. [1markah]

(b) State an appropriate hypothesis that could be investigated

nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai yang boleh disiasat 1mark]
[1markah]

(c) With the use of apparatus such as plasticine, weights (wooden block)
and other apparatus, describe one experiment to investigate the
hypothesis state in 4(b)
Dengan menggunakan radas seperti plastisin, pemberat (blok kayu) dan
lainlain radas, terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang
dinyatakan di 4(b)

In your description, state clearly the following :

Dalam penerangan anda, jelaskan perkara berikut:

(i) aim of the experiment,

tujuan eksperimen,

(ii) variables in the experiment,

pembolehubah yang terlibat dalam eksperimen,

(iii) list of apparatus and materials,

senarai radas dan bahan,

(iv) arrangement of the apparatus,

susunan radas,
13
4531/3 SULIT
(v) the procedure of the experiment, including the method of
controlling the manipulated variable and the method of
measuring the responding variable,
prosedur eksperimen termasuk kaedah mengawal pembolehubah
dimanipulasi dan kaedah mengukur pembolehubah bergerak
balas,

(vi) the way you would tabulate the data, and

cara bagaimana anda akan menjadualkan data, dan

(vii) the way you would analyse the data.

cara bagaimana anda akan menganalisis data. [10 marks]
[10 markah]

-END OF QUESTION PAPER-

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

14
 SKEMA JAWAPAN KERTAS 3
PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR TAHUN 2010 TINGKATAN EMPAT

Section A

Question Mark Scheme Sub Total

mark mark
1
(a) (i) Able to state the manipulate variable
Weight / W // mass, m // Force, F 1
(ii) Able to state the responding variable
Extension of spring/ x, // final reading of spring 1
(iii) Able to state the constant variable
Diameter of spring/ initial length of spring/lo, type of spring 1
(b) (i) Able to state of the value of l

l1 = 46.0 cm
l2 = 59.0 cm
l3 = 71.0 cm
l4 = 83.0 cm
l5 = 95.0 cm

3 to 4 correct -> 1 mark

All correct -> 2 marks 2
(ii) Able to state of the value of x

x1 = 36.0 cm
x2 = 49.0 cm
x3 = 61.0 cm
x4 = 73.0 cm
x5 = 85.0 cm

3 to 4 correct -> 1 mark

All correct -> 2 marks 2
(iii) Able to tabulate W, l and x
Tick () based on the following aspect
A – Quantities l, x and W shown in heading 1
B – Unit cm , cm and N shown in heading 1
C – All values for l and x consistent 1

l/cm x/cm W/N

46.0 36.0 30.0
59.0 49.0 40.0
71.0 61.0 50.0
83.0 73.0 60.0
95.0 85.0 70.0

(c) Able to draw a complete graph of W and x

Tick () based on the following aspects:

A – Show x on Y axis and W on the X axis 

B – State the units of the variables correctly 
C – Both axis are marked with uniform scale 
 D – All five points are plotted 
E – Best straight line is drawn 
F – Show the minimum size of graph at least 
5 x 4 (2 cm x 2 cm) square
(counted from the origin until the furthest point)

Number of  Score
7 5
5–6 4
3–4 3
2 2
1 1

(d) Able to state the correct relationship between x and W

x is directly proportional to W
xW
TOTAL 16
2(a) Able to state the relationship between P and V 1
Inversely proportional
(b)(i) Able to calculate the gradient, m
- Draw the sufficiently large triangle (4x4) 1
- Correct substitution (Follow the candidate’s triangle) 1
= 0.012
12
= 1 x10-3 N-1cm-1 (Answer with the correct unit) 1
(ii) Able to calculate the value of k,
- Correct substitution 1
- 1
1 x10-3
=
1 x103 N cm (Answer with the correct unit) 1
(Answer without unit 0 mark)
(iii) Able to calculate the value of V,
- Correct substitution 1
V = 1 x10-3
20 1
= 50 cm3
(c) Able to read the value of 1/V
- show the vertically line corresponding to P / horizontal line 1
- Correct substitution 1
1 = 0.012
V
- V = 83.3 cm3 1
(d) Able to state one correct precaution
- Make sure the cylinder is air tight. 1
- Make sure the position of eye must be perpendicular to the
reading scale of measurement.
- Take the reading twice and find the average.
( Any one answer can acceptable)
TOTAL 12

2
Section B

Question Sub Mark Scheme Total mark

mark
3(a) 1 Making the right inference
Acceleration depends on mass
(b) 1 Building an appropriate hypothesis
The greater the mass, the greater the acceleration.
(c)(i) 1 Stating the aim of the experiment
To study the relationship between the acceleration and
mass of an object under constant force
(ii) 1 Stating the correct variables
Manipulated variable : Mass, m
Responding variable : Acceleration, a
1 Fixed variable : Force
(iii) 1 List of appropriate apparatus and material
Ruler, A.C. power supply, runway, ticker tape, ticker timer
and elastic cord
(iv) 1 Describing set up of the apparatus

Ticker tape Ticker timer Trolley

Elastic cord

Friction compensated track

a.c power

supply

v) Stating the procedure of the experiment

Set up a friction compensated track.
Attach a ticker tape to the trolley and pass the tape
through the ticker timer.
1 Pull the 1 kg trolley down the runway with the elastic cord
kept stretched by the same amount of force.
Calculate acceleration by analysing the ticker tape.
1 Repeat by adding weights to the trolley so that the mass
1 is 1.5 kg, 2.0 kg, 2.5 kg and 3.0 kg
Record data
Plot an a against m graph // Plot an a against 1/m graph .
vi) 1 Tabulating data
Show table with m and a as headings
Mass /kg Acceleration/ms-2
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0

viii) 1 Analysing data **This mark

a a may be
given at the
or last line for
m 1/m procedure.
TOTAL 12
3
 Sub
Question Mark Scheme
mark
4(a) 1 Making the right inference
The pressure exerted on shoe depends on its surface
area contact
(b) 1 Building an appropriate hypothesis
The larger surface area of contact, the greater the
pressure exerted
(c)(i) 1 Stating the aim of the experiment
To study the relationship between surface area of
contact and pressure
(ii) 1 Stating the correct variables
Manipulated variable : surface area of contact, A
Responding variable : Pressure, P / depth of depression
1 Fixed variable : Force/weight
(iii) 1 List of appropriate apparatus and material
Plasticine, wooden block 50g with different surface
area (2cm², 4cm², 6cm², 8cm², and 10cm²), meter rule
(iv) 1 Describing set up of the apparatus
Wooden
Meter rule block

Plasticine

v) Stating the procedure of the experiment

1. Plasticine with constant thickness is placed on
the table
2. Place a wooden block with surface area is 2cm²
1 3. A wooden block of 50g is released from a height
of 20.0 cm onto the plasticine.
4. Remove the wooden block and measure the
1 depth, d of the depression on the plasticine using
1 meter rule.
5. Repeat the steps by using wooden block with
surface area 4cm², 6cm², 8cm², and 10cm²
vi) 1 Tabulating data
Surface area/ cm² Depth of depression/ cm
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
viii) 1 Analysing data **This mark
d/cm may be
given at the
last line for
A/ cm² procedure.
TOTAL 12
4
5