Kolom Destilasi

Kolom Destilasi 1
Temperatur operasi : 324.4100 K = 51.31 oC

Tekanan operasi: 21 atm = 2127.825 kPa
Substansi Tc(K) Pc(kPa) Tr Pr N1 N2
Hydrogen 33.3 1296.6 9.742042042 1.6410805 0.002889 0.001864
Methane 190.7 4640.685 1.7011536445 0.4585153 0.000560 0.000552
Ethylene 283.1 5116.913 1.1459201696 0.4158415 0.000386 0.000394
Ethane 305.4 4883.865 1.0622462344 0.4356846 0.000360 0.000367
propylene 365.1 4600.155 0.8885510819 0.4625551 0.000304 0.000307
Propane 369.9 4255.65 0.8770208164 0.5 0.000301 0.000303
1-butene 419.6 4022.603 0.7731410867 0.5289672 0.000267 0.000263
1-pentene 464.8 4042.868 0.6979561102 0.5263157 0.000242 0.000232
Substansi Viskositas (cp) BM Tc,m Pc,m Tr,m Pr,m

Hydrogen 8.0721828E-05 2.016 2.51415 97.8933
Methane 0.0001178686 16.04 7.18939 174.95382
Ethylene 0.0001090997 28.05 119.12848 2153.197
Ethane 0.0001006899 30.07 1.46592 23.442552
propylene 9.393247E-05 42.08 90.28923 1137.6183
Propane 8.9977237E-05 44.09 1.18368 13.61808
1-butene 8.5025059E-05 56.1 26.60264 255.03303
1-pentene 8.5173099E-05 70.13 11.57352 100.66741
259.94701 3956.4235 1.24798512 0.53781527

N = 0.00034Tr^0.94 = bila Tr kurang dari atau sama dengan = 1.5000
N = 0.0001778*(4.58*Tr-1.67)^0.625 bila Tr lebih dari 1.5
1. Relatif Volatilities
Top = 5.1640
Bottom = 3.3562
rata-rata = 4.1631
2. Minimum Stage
Sm = 6.2715
3. Refluks Ratio
Rm = 12.8008
4. Tray Teoritis pada actual refluks

Ractual = 13.3000
Steoritis = 19.0000
5. Effisiensi Tray
T top = -32.865 oC = 240.2350 K
T bottom = 62.59 oC = 335.6900 K
T avg = [ ( D . T D + B .T B )
F ] = 276.95766148 K = 3.85766148 oC
T avg = [( D . T D + B .T B )
F ] =
Diketahui:
D = 663.1005 kmol
B = 414.6066 kmol
F = 1077.7071 kmol
Substansi Viskositas YF M. YF
Hydrogen 8.0721828E-05 Err:511 0.0755 Err:511
Methane 0.0001178686 Err:511 0.0377 Err:511
Ethylene 0.0001090997 Err:511 0.4208 Err:511
Ethane 0.0001006899 Err:511 0.0048 Err:511
propylene 9.393247E-05 Err:511 0.2473 Err:511
Propane 8.9977237E-05 Err:511 0.0032 Err:511
1-butene 8.5025059E-05 Err:511 0.0634 Err:511
1-pentene 8.5173099E-05 Err:511 0.0249 Err:511
0.0000 0 0.1224 0
1.0000 Err:511
Molar average viscosity = Err:511
mav x rel. viscosity = Err:511
Dengan menggunakan gambar 4.8 dan 4.9 Harker, diperoleh effisiensi:

E01 = 0.89
E02 = 0.72
E0, avg= 0.805
6. Actual stage dan refluks actual

Nact = Nteori/ E0avg
7/ 0.432
23.602484472 plate = 24 plate
dimana stage actual adalah jumlah 2 ditambah stage reboiler, maka:
N act = 26 plate =
7. Menentukan stage minimum:

bila,
x,HK,D = 0.0192 x, HK,F = 0.3116 x,HK,B = 0.7288
x, LK,D = 0.0256 x, LK,F = 0.0018 x,LK,B = 0.0001
a,avg = 4.1631
log
[ ( xL/ xH )D
]
Sr
=
log
[( ) ( ) ]
x LK
x HK D
x HK
x LK F
=
3.8153030242
Sr =
log α avg
( x L / xH )F
=
Ss logα avg
dengan:
[ ]
xL
Sm =
=
Ss
Ss
+
+
Sr
(Ss(Sr/Ss))
log
( xH ) F
6.2715 .= Ss + 3.8153030242 Ss xL
( xH ) B
Ss= =
log α avg
[ ]
xL
log
( xH ) F
xL
.= 4.8153030242 Ss ( xH ) B
Ss = 1.3024102468 Ss= =
log α avg
Stage pada rectifier.

Sr = Sm - Ss
4.9691
Actual plate pada rectifier:

Sr,act = Sr/E0avg
4.7395068624 . = 5
Jadi feed masuk pada stage ke-5 dari puncak kolom destilasi-01
PERENCANAAN SIEVE TRAY

1. Menentukan flow rate pada rectifying section
R = L/D
L = 208326.3359 kg/jam
57.868426639 kg/det
V = L + D
= 223989.9702 kg/jam
62.219436167 kg/det
Design sieve tray dengan metode harker:

Vapor:
mass flow rate, V = 62.219436167 kg/det
Density, pV = P.M/ (ZRT) = 24.486580196 kg/m^3
dimana, R = 8.314 m^3kPa/(kmol.K)
M = BM rata-rata = 28.555141 kg/kmol
Volumetrik flow rate,Qv = 2.5409606269 m^3/det
Liquid:
mass flow rate, L = 57.868426639 kg/det
Density, = M/Vm =
T,20oC = 20 oC = 293.1 K
dimana densitas pada 20oC masing-masing komponen adalah sbb:
Substansi densitas,20oC Volume,m^3
Hydrogen 71 0.0615361438
Methane 425 0.0051332698
Ethylene 577 0.0422028318
Ethane 548 0.0005068767
propylene 612 0.0233837613
Propane 582 0.0003181769
1-butene 595 0.0061661483
1-pentene 640 0.0022514435
0.1414986522
maka densitas campuran = 57.868426639 = 408.96804 kg/m^3

0.1414986522
Volumetrik folow rate = 0.1414986522 m^3/det
2. Flow parameter 0 .5
ρV
F LV =( V )(
L
ρL ) = 0.22758047
dimana L/V = 0.93006993
3. Vapor Capasity, Csb

Asumsi Plate spacing = 0.3 m
pada F,lv = 0.2275804676 didapatkan harga:
Csb = 0.25 ft/s = 0.0762 m/s
0. 5
U nf =C sb
[ ( ρL −ρV )
ρV ] = 0.3019455306 m/det
4. Pemilihan Tray.
Digunakan single cross flow tray dengan segmental downcomer.
konfigurasi yang dipergukanan adalah sbb:
* Area downcomer (Ad) = 0,12 x Area Tower (At)
* Weir Length (Lw) = 0,77 x diameter tower (Dt)
* Net Area (An) = (At - Ad) = 0,88 At
* Tinggi wei (hw) = 50 mm
* Hole diameter = 4.75 mm
* ketebalan tray = 1,88 mm
5. Diameter tower
Asumsi % flooding F* = 76 %
Un* = F* x Unf
= 0.2294786032 m/det
Area Tower, At* = Qv/(Un* x 0,88)

= 12.582677501 m^2
Diameter kolom,
4 xAt ∗¿
0, 5
( ¿
¿
π
] = 4.0036094385 m
Dc = ¿
¿
Dipilih tower dengan diameter 4 m
Total Area,
2
π xD 12.56 m^2
At = =
4
π xD 2
At = =
4
6. Tabulasi tower area

Jenis tray yang dipergunakan untuk sieve tray adalah single crossflow dengan segmental downcomer,
dengan konfigurasi sbb:
* Area tower(At) = 12.56 m^2
* Down comer area (Ad) = 0,12 x At
= 1.5072 m^2
* Net Area (An) = 0.88 At
= 11.0528 m^2
* Active area (Aa) = 0.76 At
= 9.5456 m^2
* Hole Area (Ah) = 0.10 At
= 1.256 m^2
7. Flooding check
Q 0.2298929345 m/det
Un= =
An
Un
Un∗¿
¿
¿ 0.7613722055 = 76 %
¿
F= F∗ ¿
¿
8. Perhitungan entrainment
untuk Flv = 0.2275804676 dan flooding = 76 % diperoleh fractional entrainment:
ψ= 0.008 dari gambar 6-4 harker
Total entrainment:
ψ .L
e= = 0.46668086 kg/det
( 1−ψ )
9. Tray pressure drop

a. Dry Tray pressure drop ( ΔP dry )
Hole velosity
Q
Uh= = 2.023057824 m/det
Ah
Tebal Tray 1. 88 mm 0.396
= =
Diameter lubang 4. 75 mm
Ah/Aa = 0.1315789474
Gross % free area = Ah/At= 0.1000 = 10 %
Dengan menggunakan gambar 6.8 harker diperoleh:

2
1
( C vo )= 1.7
2
ρv
ΔP dry =5 . 08
( ) ( ) ρL
Uh 2 1
C vo
pers. 6.10 harker
= 2.1162549648 cm
b. Aerated liquid drop (ha)
Q
F va=
( A) a
ρv =
0. 5 1.3172213816 m/det
Aeration factor, Qp = 0.62 gambar 6.9 Harker
Weir length = 0.77 Dt

Lw = 3.08 m = 3080 mm
0 . 67
q
how = 66 .6
( Lw ) = 0.0826321955 cm
Aerated liquid drop, ha

Weir height, hw = 50 mm = 5 cm
ha = Qp(0.1hw+how) = 3.1051231961 cm
Total tray pressure drop, del Pt
Δ Pt =Δ Pdry+ ha= 5.2213781609 cm
10. Weep point
4 . 14 x 10 4 . σ
h= = 4.4302146109 cm
( ρ L . dh )
ΔP dry + h= 6.5464695756 cm
hw + how = 5.0826321955 cm
11. Downcomer residence time
L 0.0938818021 m/det
Vd= =
Ad . ρ L
Residence time = tray spacing 3.1955075 detik
=
Vd
Residence time lebih besar dari 3 detik berarti telah memenuhi syarat.
12. Liquid gradient

a. Tinggi froth pada tray.
ha
hf = = 12.938013317 cm = 0.12938013 m
2 . Q p −1
b. Radius hidrolik massa aerasi, Rh

Lw+ Dt
Df = = 3.54 m
2
hf D f
Rh= = 0.1205671428 m
( 2 hf + D f )
c. Kecepatan aerated massa, Uf
100. q 154.47259825 m/det

Uf = =
h f . Φ . Df
Φ=
Substansi Viscosity M.yF

Hydrogen Err:511 Err:511
Methane Err:511 Err:511
Ethylene Err:511 Err:511
Ethane Err:511 Err:511
propylene Err:511 Err:511
Propane Err:511 Err:511
1-butene Err:511 Err:511
1-pentene Err:511 Err:511
Err:511
d. Reynold modulus,
Rh . U f . ρ L
Reh = = Err:511
μL
e. Friction factor
f = 0.0123
f. Liquid gradient
Lf = 0.77 Dt
= 3.08 m
100 . f . U 2 . L f
f
Δ= = 76507.442787 cm
Rh . g
13. Tinggi aerated mass pada downcomer

Asumsi cleaance antara downcomer dengan tray adalah 1,5 in = 38 mm
Ada = Weir length x Downcomer area
= 4.642176 m2
2
q
hda =16 , 5 x
( A da )= 0.0153301127 m = 1.53301127 cm
hde = ΔPT +0,1h w +Δ+how+hda = 76514.779808 cm
Tinggi aerated liquid = hde 123410.93517 cm

=
Qp
Jumlah hole = n 2
Hole area = ( π . D h) 5.561431E-05 m2/hole
=
4
Total area , Ah = 1.256 m2
n = Total area/ hole area

= 22584.117014
14. Tinggi tower
H=[ ( Nact −1 ) x plate spacing ] +3, 048

H = 10.548 m
= 11 m
15. Tebal tanki

Pr i
t= +C = 2.021075716 in = 0.0513353 m
SE j −0,6 P c = 51.335323
dimana:
P = 21 atm = 293.919 psig
ri = 2 m = 78.738 in
S = 13700 psi =
Ej = 0.85
Cc = 0.003175 in
OD = ID + 2t
= 4 + 0.1026706464
= 4.1026706464 m
PD
t = +Cc
2 SEj−0,2 P
= 1.9955454401 in
= 0.0506868542 m
Kolom Destilasi 2
Temperatur operasi : 238.5700 K = -34.53 oC

N Substansi Tc(K) Pc(kPa) Tr Pr N1 N2
0.001864 Hydrogen 33.3 1296.6 9.742042 1.6410805183 0.002889 0.001864
0.000552 Methane 190.7 4640.685 1.701154 0.4585152838 0.000560 0.000552
0.000386 Ethylene 283.1 5116.913 1.14592 0.4158415435 0.000386 0.000394
0.000360 Ethane 305.4 4883.865 1.062246 0.4356846473 0.000360 0.000367
0.000304 propylene 365.1 4600.155 0.888551 0.4625550661 0.000304 0.000307
0.000301
0.000267 Substansi Viskositas (cp) BM Tc,m Pc,m Tr,m Pr,m
0.000242 Hydrogen 8.07218284E-05 2.016 4.65534 181.26468
Methane 0.0001178686 16.04 13.32993 324.3838815
Ethylene 0.0001090997 28.05 220.5915 3987.0986096
BM,m Ethane 0.0001006899 30.07 2.71806 43.4663985
0.152208 propylene 9.39324698E-05 42.08 0.83973 10.5803565
0.604708 242.1346 4546.7939261 0.985279 0.445699
11.80344
0.144336
10.40638 N = 0.00034Tr^0.94 = bila Tr kurang dari atau sama dengan = 1.5000
0.141088 N = 0.0001778*(4.58*Tr-1.67)^0.625 bila Tr lebih dari 1.5
3.55674
1.746237 1. Relatif Volatilities
Top = 29.8012
28.55514 Bottom = 11.8005
rata-rata = 18.7528
2. Minimum Stage
Sm = 2.4535
3. Refluks Ratio
Rm = 52.03

Ractual = 52.9
Steoritis = 10
5. Effisiensi Tray
T top = -110.72 oC = 162.3800 K
T bottom = -27.55 oC = 245.5500 K
T avg = [ ( D . T D + B .T B )
F ] = 227.8174291917 K = -45.28257
Diketahui:
D = 141.3788 kmol
B = 521.7216 kmol
F = 663.1004 kmol
Hydrogen 8.07218284E-05 Err:511 0.1398 Err:511
Methane 0.0001178686 Err:511 0.0699 Err:511
Ethylene 0.0001090997 Err:511 0.7792 Err:511
Ethane 0.0001006899 Err:511 0.0089 Err:511
1.0001 Err:511
mav x rel. viscosity = Err:511

E01 = 0.98
E02 = 0.52
E0, avg= 0.75

7/ 0.432
13.3333333333 plate = 14 plate
N act = 16 plate =

bila,
x,HK,D = 0.6253 x, HK,F = 0.9472 x,HK,B = 0.9854
x, LK,D = 0.3745 x, LK,F = 0.0074 x,LK,B = 0.0004
a,avg = 18.7528
3.815303   x / xH D 
log  L
  xL / xH  F 
Sr   1.480341
log  avg
[ ]
xL
log
( xH ) F
xL
( xH ) B
Ss= =
log α avg
[ ]
xL
log
( xH ) F
xL
2.622278 ( xH ) B 1.008857
Ss= =
log α avg

Sr,act = Sr/E0avg
1.9737879662 = 2

R = L/D
L = 52843.9385 kg/jam
14.6788718056 kg/det
V = L + D
= 53842.3556 kg/jam
14.9562098889 kg/det

Vapor:
Liquid:
Density, = M/Vm =
T,20oC = 20 oC = 293.1 K
Hydrogen 71 0.113944
Methane 425 0.009518
Ethylene 577 0.078147
Ethane 548 0.00094
propylene 612 0.000217
0.202766

0.202766
2. Flow parameter
0 .5
ρV
F LV = ( V )(
L
ρL ) = 0.637597
dimana L/V = 0.9814566601

Csb = 0.37 ft/s = 0.112776 m/s
0. 5
U nf =C sb
[ ( ρL −ρV )
ρV ] =
0.131975 m/det
4. Pemilihan Tray.
5. Diameter tower
Un* = F* x Unf
= 0.1055800756 m/det

= 5.2687769576 m^2
Diameter kolom,
4 xAt ∗¿
0,5
¿
( ¿ π
] = 2.590718 m
Dc = ¿
¿
Dipilih tower dengan diameter 2.6 m
Total Area,
2
π xD 5.3066 m^2
At = =
4
π xD 2
At = =
4

downcomer, Jenis tray yang dipergunakan untuk sieve tray adalah single crossflow dengan segmental downcomer,
= 0.636792 m^2
= 4.669808 m^2
= 4.033016 m^2
= 0.53066 m^2
7. Flooding check
Q
Un= = 0.104828 m/det
An
Un
Un∗¿
¿
¿ 0.794298 = 80 %
¿
F= F∗ ¿
¿
untuk Flv = 0.6375967253 dan floodin 80 % diperoleh fractional entrainment:
Total entrainment:
ψ .L
e= = 0.023524 kg/det
( 1−ψ )

Hole velosity
Q
Uh= = 0.922482 m/det
Ah
= =
Diameter lubang 4 . 75 mm
Ah/Aa = 0.1315789474

2
1
( C vo )= 1.69
2
ρv
ΔP dry =5 . 08
( ) ( ) ρL
Uh 2 1
C vo
pers. 6.10 harker
= 3.0833052616 cm
Q
F va=
( A) a
ρv =
0. 5 0.670916 m/det

Lw = 2.002 m = 2002 mm
0. 67
q
how = 66 .6
( Lw ) = 0.14034 cm

ha = Qp(0.1hw+how) = 3.760525 cm
Δ Pt =Δ Pdry+ ha= 6.843831 cm
10. Weep point
4 . 14 x 10 4 . σ 2.407906 cm
h= =
( ρ L . dh )
ΔP dry + h= 5.4912112875 cm
hw + how = 5.140339613 cm
L
Vd= = 0.308418 m/det
Ad . ρ L
=
Vd
Residence time mendekati dari 3 detik berarti telah memenuhi syarat.
12. Liquid gradient

ha 7.521051 cm = 0.075211 m
hf = =
2 . Q p −1
Lw+ Dt 2.301 m
Df = =
2
hf D f
Rh= = 0.070596 m
( 2 hf + D f )
100. q 165.0221 m/det

Uf= =
h f . Φ . Df
Φ= 0.71

Hydrogen Err:511 Err:511
propylene 0.104068483 0.000239
Err:511
d. Reynold modulus,
Rh . U f . ρ L
Reh = = Err:511
μL
e. Friction factor
f = 0.1
f. Liquid gradient
Lf = 0.77 Dt
= 2.002 m
100 . f . U 2 . L f
f
Δ= = 788033.6 cm
Rh . g

= 1.274857584 m2
2
q
hda =16 , 5 x
( A da )= 0.417399 m = 41.73992 cm
hde = ΔPT +0,1 h w +Δ+how +hda = 788082.8 cm
hde
Tinggi aerated liquid = = 1050777.078503 cm
Qp
Jumlah hole = n 2
=
4

= 9541.789
14. Tinggi tower
H=[ ( Nact −1 ) x plate spacing ] +3, 048

H = 16.698 m
= 17 m
15. Tebal tanki
Pr i 1.248811 in = 0.0317198041 m
t= +C c =
SE j −0,6 P
dimana:
P = 20 atm = 279.223 psig
ri = 1.3 m = 51.1797 in
S = 13700 psi =
Ej = 0.85
Cc = 0.003715 in
OD = ID + 2t
= 2.6 + 0.06344
= 2.6634396082 m
PD
t = +Cc
2 SEj−0,2 P
= 1.2338478907 in
= 0.0313397364 m
Kolom Destilasi 3
Temperatur operasi : 243.7150 K = -29.385 oC

0.001864
0.000552 Methane 190.7 4640.685 1.701154 0.458515 0.000560 0.000552
0.000386 Ethylene 283.1 5116.913 1.14592 0.415842 0.000386 0.000394
0.000360 Ethane 305.4 4883.865 1.062246 0.435685 0.000360 0.000367
0.000304 propylene 365.1 4600.155 0.888551 0.462555 0.000304 0.000307
BM,m Substansi Viskositas (cp) BM Tc,m Pc,m Tr,m Pr,m

0.281837
1.121196 Methane 0.0001178686 16.04 0.07628 1.856274
21.85656 Ethylene 0.0001090997 28.05 278.9667 5042.206
0.267623 Ethane 0.0001006899 30.07 3.45102 55.18767
0.096784 propylene 9.393247E-05 42.08 1.05879 13.34045
23.624 283.5528 5112.59 0.859505 0.376556

Top = 1.7671
Bottom = 1.7191
rata-rata = 1.7429
2. Minimum Stage
Sm = 18.0302
3. Refluks Ratio
Rm = 1.3218

Ractual = 2
Steoritis = 33
5. Effisiensi Tray
T top = -29.49 oC = 243.6100 K
T bottom = -11.35 oC = 261.7500 K
oC
T avg = [ ( D . T D + B .T B )
F ] = 243.9558 K =
-29.14419
Diketahui:
D = 511.7757 kmol
B = 9.9459 kmol
F = 521.7216 kmol
Methane 0.0001178686 Err:511 0.0004 Err:511

Ethylene 0.0001090997 Err:511 0.9854 Err:511
Ethane 0.0001006899 Err:511 0.0113 Err:511
propylene 9.393247E-05 0.0023 0.0029 6.67E-06
1.0000 Err:511
mav x rel. volatility = Err:511

E01 = 0.95
E02 = 0.89
E0, avg= 0.92

7/ 0.432
35.8695652174 plate = 36 plate
N act = 38 plate =

bila,
x,HK,D = 0.0001 x, HK,F = 0.0113 x,HK,B = 0.5889
x, LK,D = 0.9997 x, LK,F = 0.9854 x,LK,B = 0.2584
a,avg = 1.7429
  x / xH D 
log  L
  xL / xH  F 
Sr   8.535005
log  avg
[ ]
xL
log
( xH ) F
xL
( xH ) B
Ss= =
log α avg
[ ]
xL
log
( xH ) F
xL
( xH ) B 9.525333
Ss= =
log α avg

Sr,act = Sr/E0avg
9.2771788792 = 9

R = L/D
L = 28705.1715 kg/jam
7.97365875 kg/det
V = L + D
= 43057.7572 kg/jam
11.9604881111 kg/det

Vapor:
Liquid:
Density, = M/Vm =
T,20oC = 20 oC = 293.1 K
Methane 425 5.45E-05

Ethylene 577 0.098828
Ethane 548 0.001193
propylene 612 0.000274
0.10035

0.10035
2. Flow parameter
0 .5
ρV
F LV = ( V )(
L
ρL ) = 0.434844
dimana L/V = 0.6666666674

Csb = 0.22 ft/s = 0.067056 m/s
0. 5
U nf =C sb
[ ( ρL −ρV )
ρV ] = 0.077925 m/det
4. Pemilihan Tray.
5. Diameter tower
Un* = F* x Unf
= 0.0568851804 m/det

= 7.0676551312 m^2
Diameter kolom,
4 xAt ∗¿
0,5
¿
( ¿ π
] = 3.000564 m
Dc = ¿
¿
Total Area,
2
π xD 7.065 m^2
At = =
4
π xD 2
At = =
4

ental downcomer, Jenis tray yang dipergunakan untuk sieve tray adalah single crossflow dengan segmental downcomer,
= 0.8478 m^2
= 6.2172 m^2
= 5.3694 m^2
= 0.7065 m^2
7. Flooding check
Q
Un= = 0.056907 m/det
An
Un
Un∗¿
¿
¿ 0.730274 = 73 %
¿
F= F∗ ¿
¿
untuk Flv = 0.4348441062 dan floodin 73 % diperoleh fractional entrainment:
Total entrainment:
ψ .L
e= = 0.032023 kg/det
( 1−ψ )

Hole velosity
Q
Uh= = 0.500778 m/det
Ah
= =
Diameter lubang 4 . 75 mm
Ah/Aa = 0.1315789474

2
1
( C vo )= 1.7
2
ρv
ΔP dry =5 . 08
( ) ( ) ρL
Uh 2 1
C vo
pers. 6.10 harker
= 0.9214087212 cm
Q
F va=
( A) a
ρv =
0. 5 0.383113 m/det

Lw = 2.31 m = 2310 mm
0. 67
q
how = 66 .6
( Lw ) = 0.079592 cm

ha = Qp(0.1hw+how) = 3.981328 cm
10. Weep point
4 . 14 x 10 4 . σ 22.80196 cm
h= =
( ρ L . dh )
ΔP dry + h= 23.7233639311 cm
hw + how = 5.079592043 cm
L
Vd= = 0.118365 m/det
Ad . ρ L 0.09967
=
Vd
12. Liquid gradient

ha 6.748013 cm = 0.06748 m
hf = =
2 . Q p −1
Lw+ Dt 2.655 m
Df = =
2
hf D f
Rh= = 0.064216 m
( 2 hf + D f )
100. q 112.0225 m/det

Uf = =
h f . Φ. Df

propylene 0.104068483 0.000302
Err:511
d. Reynold modulus,
Rh . U f . ρ L
Reh = = Err:511
μL
e. Friction factor
f = 0.1
f. Liquid gradient
Lf = 0.77 Dt
= 2.31 m
100 . f . U 2 . L f
f
Δ= = 460631.7 cm
Rh. g

Asumsi cleaance antara downcomer dengan tray adalah 1,5 in 38 mm
= 1.958418 m2
2
q
hda =16 , 5 x
( A da )= 0.043322 m = 4.332159 cm
hde = ΔPT +0,1h w +Δ+how+hda = 460641.5 cm
Tinggi aerated liquid =

hde 579423.3 cm
=
Qp
Jumlah hole = n 2
=
4

= 12703.57
14. Tinggi tower
H=[ ( Nact −1 ) x plate spacing ]+3, 048

H = 14.148 m
= 15 m
15. Tebal tanki
Pr i 1.358108 in = 0.034496 m
t= +C c =
SE j −0,6 P
dimana:
P = 19 atm = 264.257 psig
ri = 1.5 m = 59.0535 in
S = 13700 psi = 13714.7 psig
Ej = 0.85
Cc = 0.001 in
OD = ID + 2t
= 3 + #VALUE!
= #VALUE! m
PD
t = +Cc
2 SEj−0,2 P
= 1.3426909784 in
= 0.0341043509 m
Kolom Destilasi 4
Temperatur operasi : 324.4100 K = 51.31 oC

0.000552
0.000386
0.000360 Ethane 305.4 4883.865 1.062246 0.4356846473 0.000360 0.000367
0.000304 propylene 365.1 4600.155 0.888551 0.4625550661 0.000304 0.000307
Propane 369.9 4255.65 0.877021 0.5 0.000301 0.000303
BM,m 1-butene 419.6 4022.603 0.773141 0.5289671887 0.000267 0.000263
1-pentene 464.8 4042.868 0.697956 0.5263157244 0.000242 0.000232
0.006416
27.64047
0.339791 Substansi Viskositas (cp) BM Tc,m Pc,m Tr,m Pr,m
0.122032
28.10871
Ethane 0.0001006899 30.07 0.03054 0.4883865

propylene 9.39324698E-05 42.08 266.0849 3352.592964
Propane 8.99772369E-05 44.09 3.51405 40.428675
1-butene 8.50250592E-05 56.1 78.84284 755.8471037
1-pentene 8.51730991E-05 70.13 34.25576 297.9593716
382.7281 4447.3165008 0.847625 0.455668

Top = 1.1927
Bottom = 1.1748
rata-rata = 1.1837
2. Minimum Stage
Sm = 50.4022
3. Refluks Ratio
Rm = 7.46

Ractual = 9.5
Steoritis = 100
5. Effisiensi Tray
T top = 49.51 oC = 322.6100 K
oC T bottom = 110.81 oC = 383.9100 K
T avg = [ ( D . T D + B .T B )
F ] =
339.4497 K = 66.34965 oC
T avg = [ ( D . T D + B .T B )
F ] =
Diketahui:
D = 300.7105 kmol
B = 113.8961 kmol
F = 414.6066 kmol
Ethane 0.0001006899 Err:511 0.0001 Err:511

Propane 8.99772369E-05 Err:511 0.0095 Err:511
1-butene 8.50250592E-05 Err:511 0.1879 Err:511
1-pentene 8.51730991E-05 Err:511 0.0737 Err:511
1.0000 Err:511
mav x rel. volatility = Err:511

E01 = 0.89
E02 = 0.8
E0, avg= 0.845

7/ 0.432
118.3431952663 plate = 118 plate
N act = 119 plate =

bila,
x,HK,D = 0.0000782 x, HK,F = 0.0095 x,HK,B = 0.0345
x, LK,D = 0.9997 x, LK,F = 0.7288 x,LK,B = 0.0133
a,avg = 1.1837
Sr
=
log
[( ) ( ) ]
x LK
x HK D x LK F
x HK
= 0.454411
Ss log ( x L / x H ) F ( x H / x L ) B
dengan:
Sm = Ss + Sr
= Ss + (Ss(Sr/Ss))
50.4022 .= Ss + 0.4544105863 Ss
.= 1.4544105863 Ss
Ss = 34.6547257517
Stage pada rectifier.

Sr = Sm - Ss
15.7475

Sr,act = Sr/E0avg
18.6360641992 . = 19

R = L/D
L = 120209.0485 kg/jam
33.3914023611 kg/det
V = L + D
= 132862.6325 kg/jam
36.9062868056 kg/det

Vapor:
Liquid:
Density, = M/Vm =
T,20oC = 20 oC = 293.1 K
Ethane 548 1.055993E-05

propylene 612 0.068912597
Propane 582 0.0009445877
1-butene 595 0.0182747519
1-pentene 640 0.006663911
0.0948064075

0.0948064075
2. Flow parameter
0 .5
ρV
F LV = ( V )(
L
ρL ) = 0.298046
dimana L/V = 0.9047619051

Csb = 0.22 ft/s = 0.067056 m/s
0. 5
U nf =C sb
[ ( ρL −ρV )
ρV ] = 0.192196 m/det
4. Pemilihan Tray.
5. Diameter tower
Un* = F* x Unf
= 0.1537568682 m/det

= 7.1365296052 m^2
Diameter kolom,
4 xAt ∗¿
0,5
( ¿
¿
π
] = 3.015149 m
Dc = ¿
¿
Total Area,
2
π xD 7.065 m^2
At = =
4
π xD 2
At = =
4

n segmental downcomer,Jenis tray yang dipergunakan untuk sieve tray adalah single crossflow dengan segmental downcomer,
= 0.8478 m^2
= 6.2172 m^2
= 5.3694 m^2
= 0.7065 m^2
7. Flooding check
Q
Un= = 0.1553135799 m/det
An
Un
Un∗¿
¿
¿ 0.8080996014 = 80 %
¿
F= F∗ ¿
¿
l entrainment: untuk Flv = 0.2980463887 dan flooding = 80 % diperoleh fractional entrainment:
Total entrainment:
ψ .L
e= = 0.066916638 kg/det
( 1−ψ )

Hole velosity
Q
Uh= = 1.3667595027 m/det
Ah
= =
Diameter lubang 4 .75 mm
Ah/Aa = 0.1315789474

2
1
( C vo )= 1.7
2
ρv
ΔP dry =5 . 08
( ) ( ) ρL
Uh 2 1
C vo
pers. 6.10 harker
= 1.750636396 cm
Q
F va=
( A) a
ρv =
0. 5 1.1117996984 m/det

Lw 2.31 m = 2310 mm
0. 67
q
how = 66 .6
( Lw ) = 0.0766188193 cm

ha = Qp(0.1hw+how) = 3.5804782456 cm
10. Weep point
4 . 14 x 10 4 . σ
h= = 5.1441919803 cm
( ρ L . dh )
ΔP dry + h= 6.8948283763 cm
hw + how = 5.0766188193 cm

L
Vd= = 0.111826383 m/det
Ad . ρ L 0.0967758346
tray spacing
Residence time = = 3.0999474329 detik
Vd
12. Liquid gradient

ha
hf = = 8.326694 cm = 0.083267 m
2 . Q p −1

Lw+ Dt
Df = = 2.655 m
2
hf D f
Rh= = 0.078352 m
( 2 hf + D f )
100. q 1.3401413347 m/det

Uf = =
h f . Φ. Df

propylene Err:511 Err:511
Propane Err:511 Err:511
1-butene Err:511 Err:511
1-pentene Err:511 Err:511
Err:511
d. Reynold modulus,
Rh . U f . ρ L
Reh = = Err:511
μL
e. Friction factor
f = 0.054
f. Liquid gradient
Lf = 0.77 Dt
= 2.31 m
100 . f . U 2 . L f
f
Δ= = 29.17622 cm
Rh. g

= 1.958418 m2
2
q
hda =16 , 5 x
( A da )= 0.038668 m = 3.866772 cm
hde = ΔPT +0,1 h w +Δ+how+hda = 38.95073 cm
Tinggi aerated liquid = hde 54.4765390888 cm

=
Qp
Jumlah hole = n 2
=
4

= 12703.56582
14. Tinggi tower
H=[ ( Nact −1 ) x plate spacing ]+3, 048

H = 38.448 m
= 38 m
15. Tebal tanki
Pr i 1.514425537 in = 0.0384664086 m
t= +C c =
SE j −0,6 P
dimana:
P = 20 atm = 293.919 psig
ri = 1.5 m = 59.0535 in
S = 13700 psi = 13714.7
Ej = 0.85
Cc = 0.001 in
OD = ID + 2t
= 3 + 0.076933
= 3.0769328173 m
PD
t = +Cc
2 SEj−0,2 P
= 1.493672151 in
= 0.0379392726 m
N
0.000360
0.000304
0.000301
0.000267
0.000242
BM,m
0.003007
30.6679
0.418855
10.54119
5.168581
46.79954
ental downcomer,
9.480641
7.074359
T = 100 oC = 373.1 K = 212 oF
Tref = 25 oC = 298.1 K
Substansi CPA CPB CPC CPD cp(kal/moloC) kmol
H2 6.483 2.22E-03 -3.30E-06 1.83E-09 6.6733 92.6848
CH4 4.598 1.25E-02 2.86E-06 -2.70E-09 5.8689 46.3424
C2H4 0.909 3.74E-02 -1.99E-05 4.19E-09 4.4538 516.6683
C2H6 1.292 4.25E-02 -1.66E-05 2.08E-09 5.3804 5.9160
C3H6 0.886 5.60E-02 -2.77E-05 5.27E-09 6.2162 303.6906
C3H8 -1.009 7.32E-02 -3.79E-05 7.68E-09 5.9348 3.9440
C4H8 -0.715 8.44E-02 -4.75E-05 1.07E-08 7.2563 77.8947
C5H10 -0.032 1.03E-01 -5.53E-05 1.12E-08 9.7658 30.5663
Ammonia 6.5240 5.69E-03 4.08E-06 -2.83E-09 7.1312 0.0000
CO2 4.728 1.75E-02 -1.34E-05 4.06E-09 6.3523 150.2972
DME 4.064 4.28E-02 -1.25E-05 -4.58E-10 8.2155 46.3424
Methanol 5.052 1.69E-02 6.18E-06 -6.81E-09 6.8010 15.1786
Water 7.701 4.60E-04 2.52E-06 -8.59E-10 7.7713 910.7476
BM = 46.80023 gr/mol 2200.2729
panas spesifik = 0 kal/gr.K
Viskositas
t = 85 Oc = 358.1 K
Substansi VISB VISTO LOGVIS VISKOS kg
H2 13.82 5.39 -2.525415 0.003 186.8525 0.0030667235
CH4 114.14 57.6 -1.662859 0.022 743.3319 0.0121999619
C2H4 168.98 93.94 -1.326928 0.047 14492.5472 0.2378594589
C2H6 156.6 95.57 -1.201282 0.063 177.8956 0.002919718
C3H6 273.84 131.63 -1.315674 0.048 12779.2986 0.2097407038
C3H8 222.67 133.41 -1.047256 0.090 173.8924 0.0028540153
C4H8 256.3 151.86 -0.972017 0.107 4369.8902 0.0717209821
C5H10 305.25 174.7 -0.894866 0.127 2143.6116 0.0351821035
Ammonia 349.04 169.63 -1.082955 0.083 0
CO2 578.08 185.24 -1.506411 0.031 2039.5286 0.0334738374
(CH3)2O #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 6924.1941 0.1136435879
H2O 658.85 283.16 -0.486927 0.326 16411.6711 0.2693571498
CH3OH 555.3 260.64 -0.579841 0.263 486.3208 0.0079817578
60929.0346 1
Viskositas yang masuk ke RB-01 dari kolom destilasi
i w w w
= 1 + 2 + n= 13.93574
μ m μ1 μ2 μ n
μm = 0.071758 cp
T = -32.865 oC = 240.235 K
P = 1.36 atm = 137.802 kPa
Densitas
Substansi kmol yi Tc,mix Pc,mix Tr, mix Pr, mix Z
H2 0 0 0
CH4 0 0 0
C2H4 0 0 0
C2H6 0.0296 7.11E-05 0.013124 0.003429
C3H6 303.6906 0.729806 164.2793 33.13319
C3H8 3.9440 0.009478 2.188451 0.398073
C4H8 77.8947 0.187191 51.00942 7.431464
C5H10 30.5663 0.073455 22.72685 2.930838
Ammonia 0.0000 0 0 0
(CH3)2O 0 0 0
CO2 0 0 0
Methanol 0
H2O 0
416.1252 1 0.0040323445 0.8
P. BM mix 4.032345 kg/m3

ρm= =
ZRT
Interpolasi
x1 = 86 y1 = 0.356
x2 = 140 y2 = 0.381
x = 102 y = 0.363407
Surface tension
Substansi Pc (pa) Tc (K) T(K) Tb(oC) Tb(K) Tr=(T/Tc) Tbr=(Tb/Tc)
NaOH 1390 1663.1
P = 19 atm
yi cp,mix BM BM, mix Tc (oC) Tc (K) Pc (atm) Pr Tr

0.0421242292 0.28111 2.016 0.084922 -252.7 20.4 12.8 1.484375 18.28922
0.0210621146 0.123611 16.04 0.337836 -161.4 111.7 45.8 0.414847 3.340197
0.2348200989 1.04584 28.05 6.586704 -103.9 169.2 50.5 0.376238 2.205083
0.0026887574 0.014467 30.07 0.080851 -88.6 184.5 48.2 0.394191 2.022222
0.1380240606 0.85798 42.08 5.808052 -48 225.1 45.4 0.418502 1.657486
0.0017925049 0.010638 44.09 0.079032 -42.2 230.9 42
0.0354022903 0.256888 56.1 1.986068 -0.6 272.5 39.7
0.0138920495 0.135667 70.13 0.974249 36.3 309.4 39.9
0 0 17.031 0
0.0683084357 0.433913 44.01 3.006254 400.1 52.6
0.0210621146 0.173037 46.07 0.970332 304.2 72.9
0.0068985079 0.046917 32.04 0.221028
0.4139248363 3.216734 18.02 7.458926
1 6.596801 27.59426
BM BM,mix
2.016 0
16.04 0
28.05 0
30.07 0.002139
42.08 30.71023
44.09 0.417881
56.1 10.50139
70.13 5.151369
17.031 0
46.07 0
44.01 0
32.04 0
18.02 0
46.78301
2.7597466295
Tbr=(Tb/Tc)
Pr,mix Tr,mix
0.062528 0.770419
0.008738 0.070352
0.088348 0.517798
0.00106 0.005437
0.057763 0.228773
0.218437 1.592779

Kolom Destilasi

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Kolom Destilasi

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Kolom Destilasi 1

Temperatur operasi : 324.4100 K = 51.31 oC

Substansi Viskositas (cp) BM Tc,m Pc,m Tr,m Pr,m

259.94701 3956.4235 1.24798512 0.53781527

4. Tray Teoritis pada actual refluks

Molar average viscosity = Err:511

mav x rel. viscosity = Err:511

Dengan menggunakan gambar 4.8 dan 4.9 Harker, diperoleh effisiensi:

6. Actual stage dan refluks actual

7. Menentukan stage minimum:

Stage pada rectifier.

Actual plate pada rectifier:

PERENCANAAN SIEVE TRAY

Design sieve tray dengan metode harker:

Volumetrik flow rate,Qv = 2.5409606269 m^3/det

maka densitas campuran = 57.868426639 = 408.96804 kg/m^3

dimana L/V = 0.93006993

3. Vapor Capasity, Csb

Area Tower, At* = Qv/(Un* x 0,88)

Dipilih tower dengan diameter 4 m

6. Tabulasi tower area

ψ= 0.008 dari gambar 6-4 harker

9. Tray pressure drop

Dengan menggunakan gambar 6.8 harker diperoleh:

b. Aerated liquid drop (ha)

Aeration factor, Qp = 0.62 gambar 6.9 Harker

Weir length = 0.77 Dt

Aerated liquid drop, ha

Total tray pressure drop, del Pt

Δ Pt =Δ Pdry+ ha= 5.2213781609 cm

10. Weep point

11. Downcomer residence time

12. Liquid gradient

b. Radius hidrolik massa aerasi, Rh

c. Kecepatan aerated massa, Uf

100. q 154.47259825 m/det

Substansi Viscosity M.yF

13. Tinggi aerated mass pada downcomer

hde = ΔPT +0,1h w +Δ+how+hda = 76514.779808 cm

Tinggi aerated liquid = hde 123410.93517 cm

Total area , Ah = 1.256 m2

n = Total area/ hole area

14. Tinggi tower

H=[ ( Nact −1 ) x plate spacing ] +3, 048

15. Tebal tanki

Temperatur operasi : 238.5700 K = -34.53 oC

4. Tray Teoritis pada actual refluks

Molar average viscosity = Err:511

mav x rel. viscosity = Err:511

Dengan menggunakan gambar 4.8 dan 4.9 Harker, diperoleh effisiensi:

6. Actual stage dan refluks actual

7. Menentukan stage minimum:

Actual plate pada rectifier:

PERENCANAAN SIEVE TRAY

Design sieve tray dengan metode harker:

Volumetrik flow rate,Qv = 0.489525 m^3/det

maka densitas campuran = 14.67887 = 72.3931032199 kg/m^3

Volumetrik folow rate = 0.202766 m^3/det

dimana L/V = 0.9814566601

3. Vapor Capasity, Csb

Area Tower, At* = Qv/(Un* x 0,88)

Dipilih tower dengan diameter 2.6 m

6. Tabulasi tower area