Jurnal MIPA
http://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/JM
W Christijanti A Marianti
Abstract
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Cadmium can be used to increase the activity of reactive oxygen that triggers the emergence of free
radicals. The active substances in guava leaves is an antioxidant compound that can bind or inhibit the
formation of free radicals . This study aims to examine the relationship between guava leaf extract with the
amount of rat spermatozoa induced by cadmium. This experimental study used 20 mice induced by
cadmium through drinking water at dose of 100ppm/mice/day. The control group received guava leaf
extract of 0 mg/mice , while group I , II and III received 50 mg , 100 mg and 150 mg in 30 days . The data of
the number of spermatozoa and cadmium levels were analyzed by using correlation test in the level of 5 %.
The results showed that there was a correlation between the number of spermatozoa and cadmium levels
with sig level of 0.009 < 0.05 and inversely at -0.567 . This means that the greater level of cadmium in the
mice’s testicle the less the number of their spermatozoa, therefore the smaller level of cadmium in the mice’s
testicle , the more the number of their spermatozoa . Therefore it can be concluded that guava leaf extract
can act as spermatoprotective for mice that were exposed by cadmium.
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dilakukan secara oral dan induksi CdCl2 melalui air daun jambu biji pada tikus yang terinduksi
minum dilakukan selama 30 hari. kadmium dapat mengurangi efek terbentuknya
Pada akhir penelitian, tikus dikorbankan radikal bebas. Aktivitas spermatoprotective daun
untuk diambil testisnya. Testis dipreparasi untuk jambu biji meningkat sesuai dengan bertambahnya
diukur kadar kadmium dengan metode Atomic dosis yang diberikan dan mengakibatkan
Absorbtion Spectrophotometri (AAS) (Tato & bertambahnya jumlah spermatozoa dengan
Moeljono 1988). Vas deverens dipisahkan dari semakin berkurangnya kadar kadmium dalam
jaringan sekitar dan dipotong-potong untuk testis (Gambar 1).
mendapatkan larutan stok untuk dihitung jumlah Kebanyakan efek negatif dari kadmium
spermatozoanya (Oze et al. 2007). adalah karena sifatnya yang dapat terakumulasi
Jumlah spermatozoa dan kadar kadmium dalam tubuh (kronis). Kadmium yang masuk ke
dalam testis dianalisis dengan uji korelasi pada dalam tubuh melalui saluran pencernaan baik
taraf 5%. berupa makanan maupun minuman, setelah
sampai di usus akan diabsorbsi melalui epitel
Hasil dan Pembahasan masuk ke dalam sirkulasi darah. Dalam sirkulasi,
kadmium berikatan dengan protein metalothionin
Rata-rata jumlah spermatozoa cenderung untuk diedarkan ke seluruh tubuh dan dapat
meningkat sesuai dengan bertambahnya dosis terakumulasi dalam hati, ginjal, testis dan organ
ekstrak daun jambu biji, sebaliknya untuk kadar lainnya (Tato & Moeljono 1988). Kadar kadmium
kadmium cenderung menurun. Korelasi antara dalam tubuh akan meningkat setelah 4 minggu
kadar kadmium dalam testis dengan jumlah perlakuan yang mengakibatkan menurunnya
spermatozoa tikus mempunyai nilai signifikansi jumlah spermatozoa dalam epididimis (Haouem et
0,009<0,05. Terdapat korelasi negatif sebesar al. 2008)
-0,567. Semakin kecil kadar kadmium dalam testis
semakin bertambah jumlah spermatozoa yang
dihasilkan (Tabel 1). Pemberian ekstrak alkohol
50 44.3
45
40
jumlah sperma (jt/ml)
33.7
35
30
25 18.6
20
15 10
10
5
0
0.087 0.093 0.107 0.15
kadar kadmium (µg/ml)
Gambar 1. Rata-rata kadar kadmium dan jumlah spermatozoa
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