A.

PERHITUNGAN PRELIMINARY SIZING

1 debit air buangan Qave = 0.4 m3/detik

2 Qpeak = 0.8 m3/detik (misal Qpeak = 2 * Qave)
3 Qmaks = 0.6 m3/detik (misal Qpeak = 1.5 * Qave)
4 Qmin = 0.5 m3/detik (misal Qpeak = 1.25 * Qave)
konsentrasi BOD rata-
5 = 1300 mg/l
rata
6 beban BOD rata - rata = Qave* BOD rata- rata = 520 kg/hari
7 beban BOD maksimum = Qmaks *BOD rata- rata = 780 kg/hari
8 konsentrasi SS rata- rata = 2000 mg/l (dimisalkan)
9 beban SS rata - rata = Qave* SS rata- rata = 800 kg/hari
10 beban SS maksimum = Qmaks * SS rata- rata = 1200 kg/hari

B. PERHITUNGAN DESAIN UNIT PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH

1. Sumur Pengumpul Dan Pompa

1 Jumlah = 1 buah

2 Debit rencana = Q peak = 800 l/detik =0.8 m3/detik

3 waktu detensi (td) = 7 menit (< 10 menit) = 420 detik

4 volume sumur (vol) = Q peak * td = 336 m3
5 Rencanakan kedalaman = 4 menit
6 Assumsi panjang : lebar = 2
7 Lebar Sumur = SQRT(VOLUME/H/2) 6.480741 m =7m
8 Panjang sumur = Lebar *2 = 12.96148 m = 13 m
9 Check td = Panjang *lebar*h/ Qpeak = 455 detik = 7.58333 Menit= 8 menit OK
Lahan untuk sumur
10 = Panjang * lebar * jumlah bak 91 m²
pengumpul

2. Perhitungan Bar Screen (Type Hand Cleaned)

1 kecepatan aliran = 0.4 m/detik (0.3 - 0.6)

2 debit rencana = Q peak = 0.8 m3/detik = 800 l/detik
3
3 A- cross saluran = Q peak/ kecepatan = 2 m /detik
4 asumsi tinggi : lebar = 2.5
5 lebar saluran = SQRT( A cross/2.5) = 0.894427191 m =1m
6 tinggi saluran = 2.5*lebar = 2.5 m =3m
7 check v = Q peak/(lebar*tinggi) = 0.266667 m/detik
8 rencanakan panjang saluran = 3 m
9 luas lahan yang diperlukan = panjang*lebar = 3 m2

3. Perhitungan Grit Chamber

1 jumlah GC = 2 bak
2 debit rencana = Q peak = 0.8 m3/detik = 800 l/detik
3 debit masing - masing rencana = Q peak/ jumlah GC = 0.4 m3/det = 24 m3/menit
4 partikel terkecil yang diendapkan = 65 mesh = 0.2 mm
5 waktu detensi = 45 detik (45 - 90) detik = 0.75 menit
6 kecepatan pengendapan Vs = 1 m/menit (1.0 - 1.3) m/menit
7 kedalaman pengendapan,h = Vs*td = 0.75 m
8 kecepatan horisontal, Vh = 0.25 m/detik (0.25 - 0.4) m/det
9 A- cross bak = Q tiap bak/Vh = 1.6 m2
10 lebar bak = A-cross/h = 2.133 m
11 check Vh = Q tiap bak/(h*lebar) = 0.25 m/detik
12 A- surface = Q tiap bak/ Vs = 24 m2
13 panjang bak = A-surface/lebar = 11.25 m
14 Check Vs = Q tiap bak/ (panjang*lebar) = 1 m/menit
15 lahan yang diperlukan GC total = panjang*lebar*jumlah bak = 48 m2

4. Bak Pengendap Primer (Primary Sedimentation)

1 jumlah BP = 3 bak
2 debit rencana = Q peak = 800 l/detik = 0.8 m3/detik = 6912 m3/hari
3 debit masing masing rencana = Q peak/ jml bak = 0.267 m3/detik = 23040 m3/hari = 960 m3/jam
4 waktu detensi = 2 jam (1.5 - 2.5) = 7200 detik
= 2500 gal/sq ft.d (2000 - 3000)
5 overflow rates (OFR)
= 80 m3/m2.hari (80 - 120)
6 volume tiap bak = Q tiap bak*td = 1920 m3
7 A surface = Q tiap bak/OFR = 288 m2
dimensi bak
bila BP1 persegi panjang
a. tinggi BP1 = Volume/Asurface = 6.67 m
b. panjang : lebar = 4
8 c. lebar BP1 = SQRT/A surface = 12 m
d. panjang BP1 = 4*lebar BP1 = 48 m

bila BP1 lingkaran

a. tinggi BP1 ( ditetapkan ) = 4.5 m (3 - 4.5) m
b. diameter BP1 = SQRT(4*A surface/3.14) = 19.154085 m memenuhi (12 - 25) m
 c. volume BP1 ( lingkaran ) = 0.25*3.14*(D^2)*tinggi = 1296 m3
d. check td = volume/ Q tiap bak = 1.35 tidak memenuhi
maka digunakan sistem BP1 yang persegi panjang

9 check OFR = Q bak / (l*p)*86400/0.0407 = 2948.4029 memenuhi

10 Luas lahan = (P*l)*jumlah bak = 1728 m2

5. Trickling Filter (Single Stage)

1 Debit influen = 34560 m3/hari

2 BOD5 influen pengendap = 1300 mg/liter
primer
3 BOD5 efluen pengendap = 500 mg/liter
primer
4 BOD5 influen trickling filter = 500 mg/liter (sama dengan BOD5 pengendap primer)
5 BOD5 efluen trickling filter = 90 mg/liter (sesuai standart effluent)
6 Efisiensi pemisahan BOD5 = Eo = [(BOD5 in. peng. primer-BOD5 eff. Peng. primer)/ BOD5 in. peng. Primer]*100%
pengendap primer = 61.54%
7 Efisiensi pemisahan BOD5 = Es = [(BOD5 in. peng. primer-BOD5 eff. Trickling filter)/ BOD5 in. peng. Primer]*100%
sistem (total) = 93.08%
8 Efisiensi pemisahan BOD5 = E1 = [(Eo – Es)/(Eo-100)]*100%
trickling filter = 82 %
9 Rasio resirkulasi = R = 3.5 (0.5 – 4)
2
10 faktor resirkulasi = F = (1+R)/(1+0.1R) > 1 = 2.7
11 Volume media per unit
= 14233.362 m3
1. simplified NRC formulas =
V1 =
 2. Surface overflowrate = = 7776m3 H = 30 H = (10 - 30)

V2 =
3. organic volumetric = = 6400 m3 o = 1350 o = (300 - 1500)
V3 =
V = 14233.3632 maksimum
12 Jumlah trickling filter = 2 unit parallel
13 Dimensi per unit
Media volume = v= V/n = 7116.6816 m3
Media depth = h=3m
(1.5 – 3) m
Surface area = As = v/h = 2371.1172 m2
Diameter = D = ( 4 AS / )0.5 = 54.9722246 m (6 – 60) m
Freeboard (jagaan) = 0.5 m

6. Bak Pengendap 2 ( Secondary Sedimentation)

1 jumlah BP 2 = 2 bak
2 debit rencana = Qmaks = 800 l/detik = 0.8 m3/detik = 69120 m3/hari
3 debit masing masing bak = Q maks/jml bak = 0.4 m3/detik = 34560 m3/hari = 1440 m3/jam
4 waktu detensi = 1.5 jam (1.5 -2.5)
5 overflow rates (OFR) = 1100 gal/sqft.d (1000-2000)
= 44.77 m3/m2/hari
6 A surface = Q tiap bak/ OFR = 771.9455 m2

7 dimensi bak

dimensi clarifier = SQRT(4* A surface/3.14) = 31.358732 m

8 Q effluent = Q-((SSm/jml bak)*0.45*0.9/0.008/1005/86400) = 0.79965 m3/det
9 luas lahan yang diperlukan = jml bak*A surface = 1543.891 m2

7. Desinfeksi

1 waktu kontak = 15 menit (15 - 45) menit 900 detik

2 jumlah bak = 2
3 ketinggian total = 4 m
perbandingan panjang :
4 = 2
lebar
5 debit rencana = Q effluent = 0.7996502 m3/detik
6 volume = Q* td = 720 m3
luas permukaan ( A
7 = volume/ketinggian = 180 m2
surface )
8 lebar bak = SQRT( A surface/2) = 9.486833 m
9 panjang bak = 2*lebar = 18.973666 m
10 check td = panjang*lebar*tinggi/Q = 900 detik = 15 menit OK
11 luas lahan yang diperlukan = panjang*lebar*jumlah bak = 360 m2

8. Aerobic Sludge Digester (ASD)

1 solid loading = 3 kg/m2.hari (1.6 - 4.8)

2 jumlah bak diperlukan = 2 bak
3 massa lumpur BP 1 = 0.55*beban SSmaks = 660 kg/hari
4 Massa lumpur BP 2 = (0.45*SSm*0.9)+(0.45*BODm*0.9) = 801.9 kg/hari
Massa lumpur total
5 = massa BP 1 + massa BP 2 = 1461.9 kg/hari
(Mtot)
6 Q lumpur BP 1 = massa BP 1/0.08/1030 = 80.09709 m3/hari
7 Q lumpur BP 2 = massa BP 2/0.008/1005 = 99.73881 m3/hari
8 Q lumpur total = Q lumpur BP1 + Q lumpur BP2 = 179.83589 m3/hari
o
9 temperatur = 25 C Dimisalkan
10 HRT (oC) = 500/temperatur = 20 hari
11 Volume digester = Q lumpur total*HRT = 3596.718 m3
12 kedalaman rencana (h) = 10 m
13 A surface = volume digester/h = 359.6718 m2
14 diameter = SQRT(4*Asurface/3.14) = 21.40515 m
15 luas lahan yang diperlukan = jumlah bak*A surface = 719.3436 m2

9. Sludge Thickener

1 solid loading = 50 kg/m2.hari (25 - 80)

jumlah bak yang
2 = 2
diperlukan
3 massa lumpur BP1 = 0.55*beban Ssmaks = 660 kg/hari
4 massa lumpur BP2 = (0.45*SSm*0.9)+(0.45*BODmaks*0.9) = 801.9 kg/hari
5 massa lumpur total (M tot) = massa BP1+BP2 = 1461.9 kg/hari
6 Q lumpur BP1 = massa BP1/0.06/1030 = 10.67961 m3/hari
7 Q lumpur BP2 = massa BP2/0.008/1005 = 181.8284 m3/hari
8 Q lumpur total = Q lumpur BP1 + BP2 = 192.508 m3/hari
9 A surface = Mtot /SL/jml bak = 14.619 m2
10 diameter = SQRT(4* A surface/ 3,14) = 4.315429 m
11 luas lahan yang diperlukan = jml bak * A surface = 29.238 m2
10. Sludge Drying Bed (SDB)

1 Qlumpur = (0.5*Q BP1)+(0.1*Q BP2) = 50.022424 m3/hari

2 kadar air pada sludge cake (awal) = 96 %
3 kadar air pada sludge cake (akhir) = 75 %
4 volume cake kering (V ck) = Qlumpur*(1-96%)/(1-75%) = 10.00448 m3/hari
5 Dimensi bed:
rencana jumlah bed = 20 bed
rencana waktu pengeringan (tk) = 10 hari
rencana tebal cake (tbl) = 0.3 m
luas permukaan bed = Qlumpur*tk/jml bed/tbl = 83.370707 m2
lebar bed = 10 m
panjang bed = luas perm/lebar bed = 8.3370707 m
7 luas lahan yang diperlukan = (pjg*lbr*jml)bed = 1667.4141 m2

C. LUAS LAHAN YANG DIPERLUKAN

1 sumur pengumpul = 91 m2
2 bar screen = 3 m2
3 gris chamber = 48 m2
4 bak pengendap 1 = 864 m2
5 trickling filter = 4744.454 m2
6 bak pengendap 2 = 1543.891 m2
7 desinfeksi = 360 m2
8 sludge thickener = 29.238 m2
9 aerobic sludge digester = 719.3436 m2
10 sludge drying bed = 1667.414 m2
Luas lahan total = 10070.34 m2