KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa karena atas
berkat rahmat dan hidayah-Nya, penulisan modul praktikum sistem
mikrokontroler ini dapat diselesaikan. Modul praktikum ini merupakan panduan
mahasiswa untuk mempraktikkan mikrokontroler.

Pada kesempatan ini penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada semua

pihak atas segala bimbingan, nasihat, serta bantuan sehingga modul praktikum ini
dapat selesai, baik kepada dosen pembimbing maupun seluruh teman-teman yang
telah mendampingi dan memberi pengarahan kepada penulis selama penulisan
modul ini.

Penulis menyadari bahwa dalam penulisan modul praktikum mikrokntroler

ini masih terdapat banyak kekurangan. Oleh karena itu diharapkan kritik dan saran
yang membangun kepada penulis demi kesempurnaan modul panduan ini dimasa
yang akan datang. Akhir kata, semoga panduan modul praktikum mikrokontroler
ini dapat bermanfaat bagi penulis dan terlebih bagi orang lain, khususnya staff
laboratorium dan dosen pengampu praktikum.

Bandung, Februari 2017

Penulis

i
 DAFTAR ISI

KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................... i

DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................. ii

DAFTAR TABEL ......................................................................................... vi

DAFTAR GAMBAR. ..................................................................................... vii

BAB 1 MIKROKONTROLER ARDUINO NANO .................................... 1

1.1 Pengertian Mikrokontroler Arduino Nano ........................................... 1

1.2 Spesifikasi Arduino Nano .................................................................... 2

1.3 Pemrograman Arduino Nano ............................................................... 3

1.4 Fungsi Khusus Pin Mikrokontroler Arduino Nano .............................. 3

1.5 Rangkaian Mikrokontroler Arduino Nano ........................................... 4

BAB 2 PEMROGRAMAN ARDUINO IDE ................................................ 7

2.1 Antarmuka Arduino IDE ...................................................................... 7

2.2 Struktur Pemrograman Arduino IDE ................................................... 9

2.3 Instruksi Bahasa Pemrograman Arduino ............................................. 10

BAB 3 APLIKASI OUTPUT DIGITAL DAN ANALOG LIGHT

EMITING DIODE .......................................................................................... 19

3.1 Pengertian Light Emiting Diode (LED) ............................................... 19

3.2 Rangkaian Aplikasi LED ..................................................................... 20

3.3 Pemrograman Output Digital LED ...................................................... 21

3.4 Pemrograman Output Analog LED ...................................................... 22

3.5 Tugas .................................................................................................... 25

ii
BAB 4 APLIKASI INPUT DIGITAL BUTTON DAN INPUT

ANALOG POTENSIOMETER ...................................................................... 26

4.1 Pengertian Input Digital Button. .......................................................... 26

4.2 Pemrograman Aplikasi Input Digital Button ....................................... 27

4.3 Pengertian Input Analog Potensiometer. .............................................. 28

4.4 Pemrograman Aplikasi Input Analog Potensiometer ........................... 30

4.5 Tugas .................................................................................................... 31

BAB 5 APLIKASI OUTPUT LIQUID CRUSTAL

DISPLAY (LCD) 2X16 . ................................................................................. 33

5.1. Pengertian LCD 2x16. .......................................................................... 33

5.2. Rangkaian LCD 2x16 pada Arduino Nano. ......................................... 35

5.3 Pemrograman LCD 2x16....................................................................... 36

5.4 Tugas. .................................................................................................... 38

BAB 6 APLIKASI OUPUT SEVEN SEGMENT ........................................ 39

6.1 Pengertian Seven Segment .................................................................... 39

6.2 Rangkaian Aplikasi Seven Segment ..................................................... 42

6.3 Pemrograman Aplikasi Seven Segment ................................................ 43

6.4 Tugas .................................................................................................... 45

BAB 7 APLIKASI OUTPUT DRIVER MOTOR DC H-BRIDGE .............. 46

7.1 Pengertian Motor DC ........................................................................... 46

7.2 Rangkaian Aplikasi Driver Motor DC H-Bridge ................................. 47

7.3 Pemrograman Aplikasi Driver Motor DC H-Bridge ........................... 48

7.4 Tugas .................................................................................................... 50

iii
BAB 8 APLIKASI OUTPUT MOTOR STEPPER ....................................... 51

8.1 Pengertian Motor Stepper ...................................................................... 51

8.2 Rangkaian Aplikasi Driver Motor Stepper ........................................... 53

8.3 Pemrograman Aplikasi Driver Motor Stepper ...................................... 54

8.4 Tugas ..................................................................................................... 57

BAB 9 APLIKASI OUTPUT MOTOR SERVO............................................ 58

9.1 Pengertian Motor Servo........................................................................ 58

9.2 Pemrograman Motor Servo .................................................................. 60

9.3 Tugas .................................................................................................... 62

BAB 10 APLIKASI INPUT KEYPAD 3X4 .................................................. 63

10.1 Pengertian Keypad 3x4 ........................................................................ 63

10.2 Rangkaian Aplikasi Keypad 3x4 ......................................................... 64

10.3 Pemrograman Aplikasi Keypad 3x4 .................................................... 64

10.4 Tugas ................................................................................................... 67

BAB 11 APLIKASI INPUT SENSOR (CAHAYA PHOTODIODE, JARAK

ULTRASONIC, SUHU LM35 DAN SENSOR WARNA ............................. 68

11.1 Pengertian Sensor Cahaya Photodiode................................................ 68

11.2 Rangkaian Aplikasi Sensor Cahaya Photodiode ................................. 69

11.3 Pemrograman Aplikasi Sensor Cahaya Photodiode ............................ 69

11.4 Pengertian Senso Jarak Ultrasonic ...................................................... 70

11.5 Pemrograman Aplikasi Sensor Jarak Ultrasonic................................. 73

11.6 Pengertian Sensor Suhu LM35 ............................................................ 75

11.7 Pemrograman Aplikasi Sensor Suhu LM35 ........................................ 77

iv
 11.8 Pengertian Sensor Warna .................................................................... 78

11.9 Pemrograman Aplikasi Sensor Warna ................................................ 81

11.10 Tugas ................................................................................................. 84

BAB 12 APLIKASI INPUT REAL TIME CLOCK ...................................... 85

12.1 Pengertian RTC ................................................................................... 85

12.2 Rangkaian Aplikasi RTC..................................................................... 87

12.3 Pemrograman Aplikasi RTC ............................................................... 88

12.4 Tugas ................................................................................................... 90

BAB 13 APLIKASI KOMUNIKASI BLUETOOTH................................... 91

13.1 Pengertian Aplikasi Bluetooth............................................................. 91

13.2 Pemrograman Aplikasi Bluetooth ....................................................... 94

13.3 Tugas ................................................................................................... 96

BAB 14 APLIKASI KOMUNIKASI WI-FI ................................................ 97

14.1 Pengertian Aplikasi Wi-Fi ................................................................... 97

14.2 Pemrograman Aplikasi Wi-Fi ............................................................. 99

v
 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1.1 Spesifikasi Arduino Nano. ............................................................... 2

Tabel 2.1 Jenis-jenis Tipe Data. ....................................................................... 11

Tabel 2.2 Operator Aritmatika ......................................................................... 12

Tabel 2.3 Operator Relasional.......................................................................... 12

Tabel 2.4 Operator Logika ............................................................................... 12

Tabel 6.1 Tabel Pengaktifan Seven Segment Common Anode. ........................ 41

Tabel 7.1 Konfigurasi Input Pada IC L298 ...................................................... 48

Tabel 8.1 Konfigurasi Kerja CW Motor Stepper 4 step/chanel ....................... 53

Tabel 11.1 Konfigurasi S2 dan S3 Sensor Warna TCS230 ............................. 79

Tabel 11.2 Penskalaan Output Sensor Warna TCS230.................................... 80

vi
 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1.1 Papan Arduino Nano .................................................................... 1

Gambar 1.2 Pinout Papan Arduino Nano ........................................................ 4

Gambar 1.3 Switch Reset.................................................................................. 4

Gambar 1.4 Rangkaian Mikrokontroler ATMEGA328 Arduino Nano ........... 5

Gambar 1.5 Rangkaian Regulator Arduino Nano. ........................................... 5

Gambar 1.6 Rangkaian ICSP dan Saver Current Arduino Nano ..................... 5

Gambar 1.7 Rangkaian USB Downloader Arduino Nano ............................... 6

Gambar 2.1 Antarmuka Arduino IDE. ............................................................. 7

Gambar 2.2 Struktur Pemrograman Arduino IDE. .......................................... 9

Gambar 3.1 Bagian-Bagian LED Beserta Simbolnya ...................................... 19

Gambar 3.2 Rangkaian LED. ........................................................................... 20

Gambar 3.3 Sinyal PWM pada Mikrokontroler. .............................................. 23

Gambar 4.1 Rangkaian Pull Down Button, Button, dan Simbol

Elektronikanya ................................................................................................. 26

Gambar 4.2 Potensiometer, Simbol Elektronika, dan Rangkaian

Potensiometer ................................................................................................... 28

Gambar 5.1 Pinout LCD 2x16 ......................................................................... 34

Gambar 5.2 Kursor Pada LCD 2x16. ............................................................... 35

Gambar 5.3 Rangkaian LCD 2x16 dengan Arduino Nano .............................. 35

Gambar 5.4 Rangkaian Modul LCD 2x16 Pada Alat Praktikum. .................... 36

Gambar 6.1 Seven Segment .............................................................................. 39

Gambar 6.2 Common Catode ........................................................................... 41

vii
Gambar 6.3 Common Anode. ........................................................................... 41

Gambar 6.4 Rangkaian Aplikasi Seven Segment. ............................................ 42

Gambar 7.1 Motor DC. .................................................................................... 46

Gambar 7.2 Rangkaian H-Bridge Driver Motor. ............................................. 47

Gambar 7.3 Rangkaian dalam IC L298 Dual H-Bridge. ................................. 47

Gambar 8.1 Motor Stepper 4 step. ................................................................... 51

Gambar 8.2 Prinsip Kerja Motor Stepper ........................................................ 52

Gambar 8.3 Drive Motor Stepper ULN2003. ................................................... 52

Gambar 8.4 Rangkaian Driver Motor ULN2003. ............................................ 53

Gambar 9.1 Konstruksi Motor Servo. .............................................................. 59

Gambar 9.2 Prinsip Kerja Motor Servo. .......................................................... 60

Gambar 10.1 Keypad 3x4................................................................................. 63

Gambar 10.2 Rangkaian Switch Keypad 3x4. .................................................. 64

Gambar 11.1 Photodiode ................................................................................. 68

Gambar 11.2 Rangkaian Sensor Photodiode.................................................... 69

Gambar 11.3 Cara Kerja Sensor Ultrasonic .................................................... 71

Gambar 11.4 Sensor Ultrasonic HC-SR04....................................................... 73

Gambar 11.5 Sensor Suhu LM35. .................................................................... 76

Gambar 11.6 Konstruksi Sensor Warna TCS230. ........................................... 79

Gambar 11.7 Sensor Warna . ........................................................................... 80

Gambar 12.1 IC DS3231 dan Konfigurasi Pin DS3231 .................................. 86

Gambar 12.2 DS3231 Addres Map .................................................................. 87

Gambar 12.3 Rangkaian Koneksi DS3231 pada Mikrokontroler .................... 88

viii
Gambar 13.1 Simbol Bluetooth ....................................................................... 92

Gambar 13.2 Modul Bluetooth HC-05............................................................. 93

Gambar 14.1 Simbol Wi-Fi .............................................................................. 97

Gambar 14.2 Modul Wi-Fi ESP8266 dan Konfigurasi Pin ESP8266 .............. 98

ix