KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur ke hadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang karena anugerah dari-Nya
kami dapat menyelesaikan Jurnal Praktikum Prestasi Mesin, Pengujian Mesin
Pendingin, Laboratorium Konversi Energi, Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Institut Teknologi
Nasional Bandung.
Kami sangat berharap Jurnal Praktikum ini dapat berguna dalam rangka
menambah wawasan serta pengetahuan kita. Kami sadar bahwa Jurnal Praktikum ini
masih banyak kekurangan sehingga kami mengharapkan kritik, saran dan usulan demi
perbaikan jurnal praktikum yang telah kami buat di masa yang akan datang, mengingat
tidak ada sesuatu yang sempurna tanpa saran yang membangun.
Ucapan terima kasih kami sampaikan kepada Asisten Laboratorium Konversi
Energi yang telah membimbing dalam pembuatan Jurnal Praktikum Pengujian Mesin
Pendingin ini. Serta tidak lupa kepada segenap pihak yang telah membantu kami dalam
menyelesaikan Jurnal Pengujian Mesin Pendingin ini.

Bandung, 14 November 2019

Kelompok 4B
 DAFTAR ISI

KATA PENGANTAR ..............................................................................................ii

DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................................iii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................v
DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................................viii
DAFTAR GRAFIK ..................................................................................................ix
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang ..............................................................................................1
1.2 Tujuan Penulisan ..........................................................................................2
1.3 Ruang Lingkup Kajian..................................................................................2
1.4 Sistematika Penilisan Jurnal .........................................................................3
BAB II TEORI DASAR
2.1 Dasar – Dasar Termodinamika dari Teknik Pendingin ................................5
2.1.1 Gas Ideal dan Uap................................................................................6
2.1.2 Sifat dan Tingkat Keadaan ..................................................................10
2.1.3 Hukum Termodinamika .......................................................................12
2.1.4 Kurva – Kurva Prestasi ........................................................................14
2.1.5 Skala Gas Ideal ....................................................................................14
2.1.6 Panas ....................................................................................................14
2.1.6.1 Panas Laten .............................................................................15
2.1.6.2 Panas Sensibel ........................................................................15
2.1.7 Entalpi .................................................................................................15
2.1.8 Entropi.................................................................................................16
2.2 Refrigerasi ....................................................................................................16
2.2.1 Definisi Refrigerasi..............................................................................16
2.2.2 Bahan Refrigerasi ................................................................................22
2.2.3 Zat Refrigerasi .....................................................................................24
2.2.4 Dampak Refrigerasi .............................................................................25
2.2.5 Refrigeran Cair ....................................................................................30
 2.2.6 Sistem Refrigerasi................................................................................24
2.2.6.1 Evaporator ..............................................................................25
2.2.6.2 Kompresor ..............................................................................26
2.2.6.3 Kondensor...............................................................................28
2.2.6.4 Katup Ekspansi .......................................................................29
2.3 Refrigeran .....................................................................................................32
2.3.1 Definisi Refrigeran ..............................................................................33
2.3.2 Jenis – Jenis Refrigeran .......................................................................34
2.3.3 Dasar – Dasar Pemilihan Refrigeran ...................................................36
2.3.4 Karakteristik Termodinamika dari Beberapa Refrigeran ....................39
2.3.5 Refrigeran Alternatif............................................................................39
2.4 Mesin Pendingin ...........................................................................................46
2.4.1 Mesin Pendingin Siklus Uap ...............................................................46
2.4.1.1 Mesin Pendingin siklus Kompresi Uap ..................................48
2.4.1.2 Mesin Pendingin SKU Bertekanan Banyak ...........................49
2.4.1.3 Mesin Pendingin Siklus Absorpsi ..........................................49
2.4.1.4 Mesin Pendingin Siklus Kompresi Jet....................................49
2.4.2 Mesin Pendingin Siklus Gas ...............................................................50
2.4.2.1 Mesin Pendingin Siklus Udara ...............................................51
2.4.2.2 Mesin Pendingin Tabung Vorteks ..........................................52
2.5 Mesin Pendingin Siklus Kompresi Uap........................................................53
2.5.1 Prinsip Kerja Siklus ............................................................................53
2.5.2 Analisa Kesetimbangan Termodinamika Sistem ................................54
2.5.3 Aplikasi pada Dunia Industri ..............................................................55
2.6 Psikometrik ...................................................................................................57
2.6.1 Parameter Dasar Psikometrik ..............................................................58
2.7 Proses – Proses Pengkondisian Udara ..........................................................58
2.8 Teori Dasar pada Modul ...............................................................................61
2.9 Persamaan yang Digunakan..........................................................................63
2.10 Instalasi Pengujian ......................................................................................65
 2.11 Peralatan yang Digunakan ..........................................................................66
2.12 Prosedur Praktikum ....................................................................................70
2.13 Pemeliharaan Mesin Pendingin ..................................................................71
BAB III PENGOLAHAN DATA
3.1 Data Pengamatan ........................................................................................
3.2 Pengolahan Data..........................................................................................
3.3 Tabel Pengolahan Data ...............................................................................
3.4 Grafik .........................................................................................................
BAB IV ANALISA DAN KESIMPULAN
4.1 Analisa ........................................................................................................
4.2 Kesimpulan .................................................................................................
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...............................................................................................
LAMPIRAN
 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Perbedaan Intensif dan Extensif ...........................................................8

Gambar 2.2 Hukum Termodinamika 2 .....................................................................11
Gambar 2.3 Skala Temperatur ..................................................................................13
Gambar 2.4 Sistem Refrigerasi .................................................................................23
Gambar 2.5 Sistem Refrigerasi .................................................................................24
Gambar 2.6 Evaporator ............................................................................................26
Gambar 2.7 Kompresor ............................................................................................27
Gambar 2.8 Kondensor .............................................................................................28
Gambar 2.9 Katup Ekspansi ....................................................................................29
Gambar 2.10 Karakteristik Termodinamika Sejumlah Refrigeran ...........................29
Gambar 2.11 Pernyataan Proses Mesin Pendingin Siklus Kompresi Uap ...............39
Gambar 2.12 Mesin Pendingin Siklus Kompresi Uap Bertekanan Banyak .............47
Gambar 2.13 Mesin Pendingin Siklus Absorbsi .......................................................48
Gambar 2.14 Mesin Pendingin Siklus Kompresi Jet ................................................49
Gambar 2.15 Mesin Pendingin Siklus Udara ...........................................................50
Gambar 2.16 Mesin Pendingin Tabung Vorteks ......................................................52
Gambar 2.17 Prinsip Kerja Mesin Pendingin Siklus Kompresi Uap .......................54
Gambar 2.18 Refrigerasi Dalam Perikanan ..............................................................55
Gambar 2.19 Diagram Psikometrik ..........................................................................57
Gambar 2.20 Siklus Kompresi Uap Standar .............................................................62
Gambar 2.21 Proses Pola Udara di Saluran Kondensor ...........................................62
Gambar 2.22 Proses Pola Udara di Saluran Evaporator ...........................................63
Gambar 2.23 Instalasi Pengujian Tampak Depa ......................................................65
Gambar 2.24 Skema Peralatan Sistem Pengujian .....................................................65
Gambar 2.25 Kompresor Tipe Swashplate ...............................................................66
Gambar 2.26 Kondensor ...........................................................................................67
Gambar 2.27 Evaporator...........................................................................................67
Gambar 2.28 Motor Listrik 3 Fasa ...........................................................................68
Gambar 2.29 Pressure Gauge ..................................................................................68
Gambar 2.30 Termometer Digital ............................................................................69
Gambar 2.31 Amperemeter & Voltmeter ..................................................................69
 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 3.1 Pengujian Mesin Pendingin .......................................................................

Tabel 3.2 Data Ruang ................................................................................................
Tabel 3.3 Tabel Data Pengamatan .............................................................................
 DAFTAR GRAFIK

Grafik 3.1 Grafik Coefficient of Performance (COP) terhadap QEvaporator ................

Grafik 3.2 Grafik Coefficient of Performance (COP) terhadap PEvaporator .................