Yg
Y0
Keterangan :
Yg = Tinggi bukaan (cm)
Y0 = Kedalaman air di hulu (cm)
Yg 2,5
=
Y0 12 ,0
= 0,2083 cm
Y1 Y1
Cc =
Yg Cv =
Q
( )
Y0
× √ Cc + 1
B × Y1 √ 2 × g × Y0
Keterangan :
Cc = Koefisien kontraksi
Cv = Kofisien kecepatan pengaliran
Yg = Tinggi bukaan (cm)
Y0 = Kedalaman air di hulu (cm)
Y1 = Kedalaman air di hilir (cm)
B = Lebar pintu sorong (cm)
Q = Debit pengaliran (cm3/s)
g = Percepatan gravitasi (cm/s2)
Cc =
2,0
2,5
Cv =
2500 ( 12,02 ) × √ 0 ,8 + 1
8 × 2 √ 2 × 981 × 12,0
= 0,8000 = 0,2777
Q Q
V0 = V1 =
B ×Y 0 B ×Y 1
Keterangan :
V0 = Kecepatan awal (cm/s)
Y0 = Kedalaman air di hulu (cm)
Y1 = Kedalaman air di hilir (cm)
B = Lebar pintu sorong (cm)
Q = Debit pengaliran (cm3/s)
25 00 25 00
V0 = V1 =
8 × 12 ,0 8 × 11,9
= 26,0417 cm/s = 26,2605 cm/s
V 02 V 12
H0 = Y0 + H1 = Y1 +
2× g 2× g
Keterangan :
(26,0417) 2 ( 156,2500 ) 2
H0 = 12,0 + H1 = 2,0 +
2 × 981 2 × 981
= 12,3457 cm = 14,4435 cm
1 Y2 ρ× Q2 Y
Fg =
2 ( )
× ρ × g ×Y 12 × 02 − 2
Y1 B ×Y1
1− 1
Y0 ( )
Keterangan :
Fg = Gaya dorong pintu (kg m/s2)
ρ = Massa jenis air (cm3/s)
Y0 = Kedalaman air di hulu (cm)
Y1 = Kedalaman air di hilir (cm)
B = Lebar pintu sorong (cm)
Q = Debit pengaliran (cm3/s)
g = Percepatan gravitasi (cm/s2)
1 12,0) 2 1 × 25 002
Fg =
2
× 1 × 981 × (2,O)2 ×
2,0 2 ( ) 82 × 2 (1 212,0,0 )
= 27979,8998 g cm/s2
= 0,2798 kg m/s2
1
Fh = × ρ × g × ( Y 0−Y 1 )2
2
Keterangan :
Fh = Gaya hidrostatik (kg m/s2)
ρ = Massa jenis air (cm3/s)
Y0 = Kedalaman air di hulu (cm)
Y1 = Kedalaman air di hilir (cm)
Q = Debit pengaliran (cm3/s)
g = Percepatan gravitasi (cm/s2)
1
Fh = × 1 × 981 × ( 12 ,0 2 ,0 )2
2
= 97516,3050 g cm/s2
= 0,9752 kg m/s2
Fg
Fh
Keterangan :
Fg = Gaya dorong pintu (kg m/s2)
Fh = Gaya hidrostatik (kg m/s2)
0 ,2798
Fg/ Fh =
0,4905
= 0 ,5688
8. Tabel Perhitungan
Q Yg V0 V1
No Cc Cv
Y0
(cm3/s) (cm/s) (cm/s)
H0 H1 Fg Fh Fg
No
Fh
(cm) (cm) (kg m/s2) (kg m/s2)
No Fg (X) Fh (Y) XY X2
1 0,2798 0,4910 0,1374 0,0783
2 0,1347 0,0889
0,2981 0,4520
3 0,1213 0,0891
0,2985 0,4062
4 0,1144 0,0994
0,3153 0,3628
5 0,0981 0,0977
0,3126 0,3139
∑ 1,5043 2,0259 0,6059 0,4534
Y = A – B ×X
n ×∑ XY −∑ X ×∑Y
B =
n ×∑ X 2−¿ ¿
∑ Y B ×∑ X
A =
n
2,0259 1,5043 × 10,0147
=
5
= 0,4008
JikaY = A + B ×X
No. x y
1 0 0,4008
2 1 0,4155
3 2 0,4302
4 3 0,4449
5 4 0,4569
6 5 0,4743
Yg
Y0
Keterangan :
Yg = Tinggi bukaan (cm)
Y0 = Kedalaman air di hulu (cm)
2,6
Yg/ Y0 =
11.9
= 0,2185
Y0
Cc =
Y1
Yg Cv =
Q×
( )
Y1
× √ Cc + 1
B × Y1 √ 2 × g × Y0
Keterangan :
Cc = Koefisien kontraksi
Cv = Kofisien kecepatan pengaliran
Yg = Tinggi bukaan (cm)
Y0 = Kedalaman air di hulu (cm)
Y1 = Kedalaman air di hilir (cm)
B = Lebar pintu sorong (cm)
Q = Debit pengaliran (cm3/s)
g = Percepatan gravitasi (cm/s2)
Cc =
2 ,3
2,6
Cv =
2500× (12,3
1,9 )
× √0,8846 + 1
Q Q
V0 = V1 =
B ×Y 0 B ×Y 1
Keterangan :
V0 = Kecepatan awal (cm/s)
Y0 = Kedalaman air di hulu (cm)
Y1 = Kedalaman air di hilir (cm)
B = Lebar pintu sorong (cm)
Q = Debit pengaliran (cm3/s)
25 00 25 00
V0 = V1 =
8 × 11 ,9 8 × 2,3
= 26,2605 cm/s = 135,8696 m/s
V 02 V 12
H0 = Y0 + H1 = Y1 +
2× g 2× g
Keterangan :
(26,2605) 2 ( 135,8696 ) 2
H0 = 11,9 + H1 = 2,3 +
2 × 981 2 × 981
= 12,2515 cm = 11,7090 cm
1 Y 02 ρ× Q2 Y
Fg =
2
2
× ρ × g ×Y 1 ×
( )
Y1 2
− 2
B ×Y1
1− 1
Y0 ( )
Keterangan :
Fg = Gaya dorong pintu (kg m/s2)
ρ = Massa jenis air (cm3/s)
Y0 = Kedalaman air di hulu (cm)
1
Fh = × ρ × g × ( Y 0−Y g )2
2
Keterangan :
Fh = Gaya hidrostatik (kg m/s2)
ρ = Massa jenis air (cm3/s)
Y0 = Kedalaman air di hulu (cm)
Y1 = Kedalaman air di hilir (cm)
Q = Debit pengaliran (cm3/s)
g = Percepatan gravitasi (cm/s2)
1
Fh = ×1 ×981 × ( 11,9−2,3 )2
2
= 45204,480 g cm/s2
= 0,4520 kg m/s2
Fg
Fh
Keterangan :
Fg = Gaya dorong pintu (kg m/s2)
Fh = Gaya hidrostatik (kg m/s2)
0 ,3261
Fg/ Fh =
0,4520
= 0,7215
8. Tabel Perhitungan
Q Yg V0 V1
No Cc Cv
3 Y0
(cm /s) (cm/s) (cm/s)
H0 H1 Fg Fh Fg
No
Fh
(cm) (cm) (kg m/s2) (kg m/s2)
Y = A – B Xx X
n × ∑XY ∑X × ∑Y
B =
n × ∑X 2 (∑ X)2
5 × 0 ,6025 – (1,3332 × 2,2698)
=
5 × 0,3660 ( 1,3332) 2
= - 0,2447
∑Y – B× ∑ X
A =
n
2 ,2698 – (1,3332 × (- 0,2447)
=
5
= 0,5192
JikaY = A + B ×X
No X Y
1 0 0,5292
2 1 0,2845
3 2 0,0398
4 3 -0,2049
5 4 -0,4496
6 5 -0,6943
2. PERHITUNGAN AIR LONCAT
UNTUK DEBIT (Q) TETAP, Yg BERUBAH
Diketahui :
Q = 2,5 L/s = 2500 cm3/s
B = 8 cm
g = 9,81 m/s2 = 981 cm/s2
ρ = 1000 kg/m3 = 1 g/cm3
2500
ql =
8
= 312,5 cm2/s
ql 2
Ycr =
√
3
Keterangan :
Ycr = Kedalaman kritis (cm)
ql = Debit persatuan lebar (cm2/s)
g = Percepatan gravitasi (cm/s2)
(312,5)2
Yc =
√
3
981
= 4,6346 cm
3
Ecr = × Ycr
2
Keterangan :
Ecr = Energi kristis (cm)
Ycr = Lebar pintu sorong (cm)
3
Ecr = × 4,6346
2
= 6,9519 cm
Q
Va = Aa = B × Ya
Aa
Keterangan :
V = Kecepatan sebelum loncat air (cm/s)
Q = Debit pengaliran (cm3/s)
A = Luas penampang (cm2)
B = Lebar pintu sorong (cm)
2 500
Va = Aa = 8 × 2,3
2,3
= 1086,9565 cm/s = 18,4 cm2
2500
Vb = Ab = 8 × 2,5
20 ,0
= 125,000 cm/s = 20,0 cm2
2300
Vc = Ac = 8 × 2,8
22 ,4
= 102,679 cm/s = 22,4 cm2
V n2
E n = Yn +
2× g
Keterangan :
Es = Energi spesifik (cm)
Yn = Kedalaman air di titik n (cm)
Vn = Kecepatan aliran di titik n (cm/s)
g = Percepatan gravitasi (cm/s2)
135,86962
Ea = 2,3 + = 11,7090 cm
2 × 981
53,87932
Eb = 5,8 + = 7,2796 cm
2 × 981
43,4028 2
Ec = 7,2 + = 8,1601 cm
2 × 981
Vn
Frn =
√ g ×Y n
HASJA NUR HASAN
031 2017 0199
LABORATORIUM HIDROLIKA - UMI
Keterangan :
Fr = Bilangan Froude
Ya,b,c = Kedalaman air di titik a,b,c (cm)
Va,b,c = Kecepatanaliran di titik a,b,c (cm/s)
g = Percepatan gravitasi (cm/s2)
135,8696
Fra = = 2,8604
√ 981× 2,3
53,8793
Frb = = 0,7143
√ 981×5,8
43,4028
Frc = = 0,5164
√ 981×7,2
1
Yb/Yahitung = × (−1+ 1+ ( 8 × Fr a2 ) )
√
2
1
= × (−1+ √1+ ( 8 ×2,86042 ) )
2
= 3,5760
5 ,8
Yb/Yaukur =
2,3
= 3,5760
Keterangan :
Fr = Bilangan Froude
8. Menghitung L/Yb
Xa 65
L/Ya = = = 28,2609
Ya 2,3
Xb 130
L/Yb =
Yb
= = 22,4138
5,8
Xc 465
L/Yc = = = 64,5833
Yc 7,2
Keterangan :
Ya,b,c = Kedalaman air di titik a,b,c (cm)
Xa,b,c = Panjangpenampangaliran di titika,b,c (cm)
2
( Y b−Y a )
H =
4 × Y b× Y a
Keterangan :
∆H = Kehilangan energi (cm)
Ya,b,c = Kedalaman air di titik a,b,c (cm)
(5 ,8 - 2,3 )2
H =
4 × 2,3 × 5,8
= 3,6029
Q qL V (cm/s)
No 3 2 Ycr Ecr
(cm /s) (cm /s) Va Vb Vc
1 135,8696 53,8793 43,4021
2 125,0000 52,0833 41,6667
3 2500 312,5 4,6346 6,9519 115,7407 50,4032 40,0641
4 107,7586 48,0769 39,0625
5 97,6562 45,9559 37,6506
Fr
No
Fra Frb Frc
1 2,8604 0,7143 0,5164
2 2,5241 0,6789 0,4858
3 2,2489 0,6463 0,4580
4 2,0203 0,6021 0,4707
5 1,7430 0,5627 0,4173
Es L/Yn
∆H
Esa Esb Esc Xa/Ya Xb/Yb Xc/Yc
3,3231 11,7090 7,2796 8,1601 28,2609 22,4138 64,58
3,9273 10,4638 7,3826 8,3849 26,8000 19,1667 62,00
4,8000 9,5276 7,4978 8,6181 24,0741 16,1290 59,61
6,1714 8,7855 7,6781 8,7777 22,4138 13,8462 58,12
8,0607 8,0607 7,8764 9,0225 20,3125 11,9118 56,02
Yb/Ya
Hlhitung Hlukur
3,5760 2,5217
3,1045 2,4000
2,7195 2,2963
2,4006 2,2414
2,0152 2,1250
Y = A – B Xx X
n ×∑ XY −∑ X ×∑Y
B =
n ×∑ X 2−¿ ¿
5 × 32,3762 - 13,9256 × 11,5844
=
5 × 39,6448 - ( 13,9256 )2
= 0,1305
∑Y – B× ∑ X
A =
n
11,5844 - 13,9256 × 0.1305
=
5
= 1,9534
JikaY = A + B × X
No X Y
1 0 1,9534
2 1 2,0839
3 2 2,2144
4 3 2,3449
5 4 2,4754
6 5 2,6059
Q
ql =
B
Keterangan :
ql = Debit Persatuan Lebar (cm2/s)
B = Lebar pintu sorong (cm)
Q = Debit pengaliran (cm3/s)
2500
ql =
8
= 312,500 cm2/det
ql 2
Ycr =
√
3
Keterangan :
Ycr = Kedalaman kritis (cm)
ql = Debit persatuan lebar (cm2/s)
g = Percepatan gravitasi (cm/s2)
312,5002
Ycr =
√
3
981
= 4,6346 cm
3
Ecr = × Ycr
2
Keterangan :
Ecr = Energi kristis (cm)
Ycr = Lebar pintu sorong (cm)
3
Ecr = × 4,6346
2
= 6,9519 cm
Q
Va = Aa = B × Ya
Aa
Keterangan :
V = Kecepatan sebelum loncat air (cm/s)
Q = Debit pengaliran (cm3/s)
A = Luas penampang (cm2)
B = Lebar pintu sorong (cm)
2500
Va = Aa = 8 × 2,5
2 0.0
= 125,000 cm/s = 20,0 cm2
2400
Vb = Ab = 8 × 2,3
18,4
= 130,435 cm/s = 18,4 cm2
2500
Vc = Ac = 8 × 2,1
16 ,8
= 127,660 cm/s = 16,8 cm2
V n2
En = Yn +
2× g
Keterangan :
Es = Energi spesifik (cm)
Yn = Kedalaman air di titik n (cm)
Vn = Kecepatan aliran di titik n (cm/s)
g = Percepatan gravitasi (cm/s2)
125,0002
Ea = 2,5 + = 10,4638 cm
2 × 981
53,87932
Eb = 5,8 + = 7,2796 cm
2 × 981
43,4028 2
Ec = 7,2 + = 8,1601 cm
2 × 981
Vn
Frn =
√ g ×Y n
Keterangan :
Fr = Bilangan Froude
Ya,b,c = Kedalaman air di titik a,b,c (cm)
Va,b,c = Kecepatanaliran di titik a,b,c (cm/s)
g = Percepatan gravitasi (cm/s2)
12 5,000
Fra = = 2,5241
√ 981 × 2,5
51 ,2291
Frb = = 0,6622
√ 981 × 6,1
42 ,2297
Frc = = 0,4858
√ 81 × 7,4
7. MenghitungYb/YahitungdanYb/Yaukur
1
Yb/Yahitung = × (−1+ 1+ ( 8 × Fr a2 ) )
√
2
1
= × (−1+ √1+ ( 8 ×2,52412 ) )
2
= 3,1045
6,1
Yb/Yaukur =
2,5
= 1,3846
Keterangan :
Fr = Bilangan Froude
Ya,b = Kedalaman air di titik a,b (cm)
8. Menghitung L/Yb
Xa 65
L/Ya = = = 26,0000
Ya 2,5
Xb 110
L/Yb =
Yb
= = 18,0328
6,1
Xc 465
L/Yc = = = 62,8378
Yc 7,4
Keterangan :
Ya,b,c = Kedalaman air di titik a,b,c (cm)
Xa,b,c = Panjangpenampangaliran di titika,b,c (cm)
2
HASJA NUR HASAN ( Y b−Y a )
H =
031 2017 0199 4 × Y b× Y a
LABORATORIUM HIDROLIKA - UMI
Keterangan :
∆H = Kehilangan energi (cm)
Ya,b,c = Kedalaman air di titik a,b,c (cm)
(5 ,8 - 2,3 )2
H =
4 × 2,3 × 5,8
= 3,6029
Q qL V (cm/s)
No 3 2 Ycr Ecr
(cm /s) (cm /s) Va Vb Vc
1 2500 312,5 4,6346 4,6346 120,1923 86,8056 41,6667
2 2300 287,5 4,3840 4,3840 119,7912 82,1429 38,8514
3 2100 262,5 4,1260 4,1260 119,3182 77,20059 35,4730
4 1900 237,5 4,8597 3,8597 113,0952 71,9697 32,5342
5 1700 212,5 4,5838 5,3758 106,2500 66,4063 29,5139
Fr
Fra Frb Frc
2,3799 1,4607 0,4858
2,4688 1,4018 0,4560
2,5684 1,3368 0,4163
2,4917 1,2649 0,3845
Es L/Yn
∆H
Esa Esb Esc Xa/Ya Xb/Yb Xc/Yc
0,0267 9,9630 7,4406 8,3849 44,6154 63,3333 63,3333
0,0360 9,7140 6,9391 8,1693 48,3333 64,5714 64,1892
0,0481 9,4563 6,4381 8,0414 52,7273 66,4706 64,1892
0,0519 8,6191 5,9400 7,8395 55,2381 67,2727 65,0695
0,0563 7,2539 5,4476 7,6440 57,5000 68,4375 65,4167
Yb/Ya
Hlhitung Hlukur
2,9026 1,3846
3,0270 1,4583
3,1665 1,5455
3,0590 1,5714
2,9289 1,6000
Y = A – B Xx X
n ×∑ XY −∑ X ×∑Y
B =
n ×∑ X 2−¿ ¿
∑Y – B× ∑ X
A =
n
7 ,5598 - 15,0840 × 0,3037
=
5
= 0,5958
JikaY = A + B × X
No X Y
1 0 0,5958
2 1 0,8995
3 2 1,2032
4 3 1,5069
5 4 1,8106
6 5 2,1143