BAB Elektrik dan Kemagnetan

6 Electricity and Magnetism

1 Kelaskan sumber-sumber tenaga kepada yang boleh baharu dan yang tidak boleh baharu dalam peta dakap di
bawah.
Classify the sources of energy into renewable and non-renewable in the brace map below.

Solar Gas asli Geoterma Petroleum Angin Biojisim

Solar Natural gas Geothermal Petroleum Wind Biomass
Diesel Pasang surut Arang batu Tenaga nuklear Ombak Tenaga hidro
Diesel Tide Coal Nuclear energy Waves Hydro energy

Tenaga hidro/Hydro energy

Ombak/Waves
Boleh baharu Solar/Solar
Renewable
Pasang surut/Tide
Angin/Wind
Biojisim/Biomass
Sumber tenaga
Sources of energy Geoterma/Geothermal

Tenaga nuklear/Nuclear energy

Tidak boleh baharu Arang batu/Coal
Non-renewable
Gas asli/Natural gas
Petroleium/Petroleum
Diesel/Diesel

2 Lengkapkan peta buih di bawah dengan jenis-jenis stesen jana kuasa.

Complete the bubble map below with types of power station.

Stesen jana
kuasa tema
Thermal power
station

Stesen jana
kuasa tenaga Stesen jana kuasa
nuklear biojisim
Jenis-jenis Biomass power
Nuclear energy
stesen jana station
power station
kuasa
Types of electric
power stations

Stesen jana Stesen jana

kuasa tenaga kuasa tenaga
ombak solar
Wave energy Solar energy
power station power station

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 3 Penjana terma dan biojisim mengalami perubahan tenaga yang sama semasa beroperasi. Lengkapkan peta alir di
bawah tentang perubahan tenaga yang berlaku pada penjana-penjana tersebut.
The thermal generator and biomass generator experience the same energy change during the operation. Complete the flow
map below on the energy changes that take place in the generators.

Tenaga kimia Tenaga haba Tenaga kinetik Tenaga elektrik

Chemical energy Heat energy Kinetic energy Electrical energy

4 Tulis perubahan tenaga yang berlaku pada penjana elektrik yang diberikan dalam peta dakap di bawah.
Write the energy changes that occur in the given electric generators, in the brace map below.

Tenaga keupayaan → tenaga kinetik →

Penjana hidroelektrik tenaga elektrik
Hydroelectric generator
Potential energy → kinetic energy → electrical energy
Penjana elektrik
Electric generators Tenaga nuklear → tenaga haba → tenaga kinetik
Penjana nuklear → tenaga elektrik
Nuclear generator Nuclear energy → heat energy → kinetic energy →
electrical energy

5 Sumber tenaga alternatif ialah sumber tenaga boleh baharu dan adalah sumber tenaga percuma. Tulis enam jenis
sumber tenaga alternatif dalam peta bulatan di bawah.
Alternative energy sources are renewable and are thought to be free energy sources.  Write six alternative energy sources in
the circle map below.

Tenaga geoterma
Geothermal energy
Tenaga solar
Solar energy

Sumber tenaga
alternatif Tenaga ombak
Tenaga angin Wave energy
Alternative energy
Wind energy
sources

Biojisim
Biomass Tenaga hidroelektrik
Hydroelectric energy

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 6 Tulis ciri-ciri transformer yang diberikan dalam peta pokok di bawah.
Write the characteristics of the given transformers in the tree map below.

Transformer
Transformers

Transformer injak naik Transformer injak turun

Step-up transformer Step-down transformer

Gegelung sekunder mempunyai lebih banyak Gegelung primer mempunyai lebih banyak
lilitan dawai daripada gegelung primer. lilitan dawai daripada gegelung sekunder.
The secondary coil has more wire turns than the The primary coil has more wire turns than the
primary coil. secondary coil.
Voltan output lebih tinggi daripada voltan input. Voltan input lebih tinggi daripada voltan output.
The output voltage is higher than the input voltage. The input voltage is higher than the output voltage.

7 Tulis komponen-komponen sistem penghantaran dan pengagihan tenaga elektrik dalam peta pelbagai alir di
bawah.
Write the components of the transmission system and distribution of electricity in the multi-flow map below.

Lapangan suis
Switch zone

Komponen-komponen Rangkaian Grid Nasional

sistem penghantaran National Grid Network
dan pengagihan tenaga
elektrik
Components of the
transmission system and
Pencawang masuk utama
distribution of electricity
Main branch substation

Pencawang bahagian
Branch substation

8 Lengkapkan peta alir di bawah tentang sistem pendawaian elektrik di rumah.

Complete the flow map below about the electrical wiring system at home.

Pemutus litar Pemutus litar

Fius utama Meter elektrik Suis utama ELCB MCB
Main fuse Electric meter Main switch ELCB circuit MCB circuit
breaker breaker

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 9 Tulis warna-warna dawai elektrik dalam palam 3-pin dalam peta titi di bawah
Write the colours of the electric wires in a 3-pin plug in the bridge map below.

berwarna Dawai neutral Dawai bumi Dawai hidup

is Neutral wire Earth wire Live wire
as as
Faktor penghubung
Relating factor Berwarna biru Kuning berbelang hijau Berwarna perang
Blue in colour Yellow with green stripes Brown in colour

10 Tulis fungsi-fungsi dawai elektrik dan bahan yang terdapat dalam palam 3-pin dalam peta dakap di bawah.
Write the functions of the electrical wires and substance in a 3-pin plug in the brace map below.

Dawai hidup Membawa arus elektrik ke peralatan elektrik

Live wire Carries electric current to the electrical appliance

Dawai neutral Membawa arus elektrik kembali ke sumbernya

Neutral wire Carries electric current back to the source
Fungsi-fungsi
Functions Membawa arus elektrik yang bocor ke Bumi
Dawai bumi
Earth wire Carries leaked electric current to the Earth

Menghalang arus berlebihan daripada mengalir melalui

Fius litar elektrik itu.

Fuse Prevents excessive current from flowing through the electric
circuit.

11 Tulis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi arus elektrik (I) yang mengalir melalui alat elektrik dalam peta bulatan
di bawah./Write the factors that affect the electric current (I) that flows through an electric device, in the circle map below.

Kuasa
Power (W)

Arus
elektrik
Electric
current

Voltan
Voltage (V)

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 12. Tulis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tenaga elektrik yang digunakan dalam suatu alat elektrik dalam peta dakap
di bawah.
Write the factors that affect the electric energy that is used in an electric device, in the brace map below.

Kuasa
Power
Tenaga elektrik
Electrical current Masa
Time

13 Lengkapkan peta pelbagai alir di bawah dengan menyatakan langkah-langkah keselamatan semasa penggunaan
elektrik.
Complete the multi-flow map below by stating the safety measures during the usage of electricity.

Jangan guna palam yang telah retak.

Do not use cracked plugs.

Jangan mengendalikan peralatan elektrik jika tangan anda basah.

Langkah- Do not operate electrical appliances if your hands are wet.
langkah
keselamatan
Safety
measures Jangan ganti fius yang sudah lebur dengan seutas dawai.
Do not replace a melted fuse with a wire.

Jangan sambungkan banyak palam peralatan elektrik kepada

soket yang sama.
Do not connect many plugs of electrical appliances to the same socket.

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