KEMENTERIAN PERHUBUNGAN
DIREKTORAT JENDERAL PERHUBUNGAN UDARA
MEMUTUSKAN :
Menetapkan : KEPUTUSAN DIREKTUR JENDERAL PERHUBUNGAN UDARA
TENTANG PETUNJUK TEKNIS PERATURAN KESELAMATAN
PENERBANGAN SIPIL BAGIAN 8900 - 6.3 (STAFF INSTRUCTION
8900 – 6.3) TENTANG PROSEDUR AUDIT DAN SURVEILANS
BAGI PEMEGANG SERTIFIKAT OPERATOR PESAWAT UDARA
(AUDITING AND SURVEILLANCE PROCEDURES FOR AIR
OPERATOR CERTIFICATE (AOC) HOLDERS).
Staff Instruction
SI 8900-6.3
Auditing and Surveillance Procedure for Air
Operator Certificate (AOC) Holders
Amendment : 2
Date : 26 November 2021
REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA – MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION
DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF CIVIL AVIATION
JAKARTA – INDONESIA
SI 8900-6.3
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD .............................................................................................. ii
1. Purpose ................................................................................................ 6
2. Approval ............................................................................................... 6
3. Audit Types........................................................................................... 6
5. Audit Activities...................................................................................... 8
6. Co-ordination........................................................................................ 9
8. Surveillance .......................................................................................... 9
PROCEDURES ....................................................................................... 18
2. Pre-Audit ............................................................................................ 20
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7. Post-Audit ........................................................................................... 33
1. Airworthiness...................................................................................... 44
2. Operations .......................................................................................... 49
1. Introduction ........................................................................................ 63
1. Introduction ........................................................................................ 72
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CHAPTER I. DEFINITIONS
The following terminology is specific to the audit and surveillance procedure for
AOC:
Audit Manager means the individual, designated by the DGCA, responsible for
the planning and conduct of an audit, including the production of the audit
report.
Audit Report means a report that outlines the audit process and provides a
summary of the audit findings.
Audit Program (AP) means the program that promotes conformance with the
aviation regulations and standards that collectively prescribe an acceptable
level of aviation safety. The AP ensures that DGCA audit policies and procedures
are applied uniformly
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Audit Plan means the plan of scheduled audits intended to measure the level
of an organization’s conformance. These organizations include designated
airworthiness organizations and air operator.
Certification means the process of determining competence, qualification, or
quality on which the issuance of an AOC and/or Operation Specifications is
based. This includes the original issuance, denial, renewal or
Amendments/revision of that document.
Confirmation means the assurance that audit findings are in accordance with
data obtained from different sources.
Confirmation Request Form (CRF) means a form issued during the inspection
portion of an audit to the auditee by DGCA inspector requesting information
that is not readily available. The auditee will be requested to respond within a
specified time period.
Depth means the period of time over which a company will be audited, normally
from the last audit up to the present day.
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identifying the cause of the problem and indicating the measures the company
will take to prevent a recurrence. These measures should focus on a system
change. The second component will include a timetable for company
implementation of the long-term corrective action. Long-term corrective action
will maximum take place within 60 days. Non adherence finding including
safety observation is linked to safety and evaluation of the risks linked to
operational hazards and raised when the risk pertaining to a specific hazard is
evaluated by DGCA as non acceptable for safety.
Root Cause means the initiating cause in a causal chain that leads to an
undesirable situation or condition; the point in the causal chain where
corrective action could reasonably be implemented and expected to correct and
prevent recurrence of the undesirable situation or condition
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Scope means the number of functional areas within a company that will be
audited.
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Working Papers means all documents required by the auditor or audit team to
plan and implement the audit. These may include audit schedules, auditor
assignments, checklists and various report forms
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1. Purpose
The audit program (AP) and surveillance program (SP) have been developed to
promote conformance with the aviation regulations and standards that
collectively prescribe an acceptable level of aviation safety. It also ensures that
DGCA audit/ surveillance policies and procedures are applied uniformly.
2. Approval
AOC Certification
DGCA audits are conducted for the grant of approvals for initial certification,
renewal, amendment/additional approval, routine conformance and special
purpose audit pursuant to the Indonesia Aviation Act no. 1 year 2009. The
Director General of Civil Aviation shall perform the safety oversight functions in
respect of matters specified in this Act or the Rules made there under.
Surveillance
DGCA surveillance is conducting routine continuing inspections and audit
to:
- ensure compliance with the CASR’s, standards and approved
manual.
- detect any significant safety issue within an air carrier, and ensure that the
issue is effectively rectified in a timely manner.
The Director General, Civil Aviation (DGCA) is responsible for all regulatory
audits and surveillance.
3. Audit Types
The type of audit is determined by the circumstances under which the audit is
convened.
a. Initial Certification
Prior to the issuance of Air Operator Certificate (AOC), all the areas of a
company shall be audited by the DGCA to ensure that its conformity to the
required regulations and standards results to an approved quality system.
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Once the company has been issued with an Air Operator Certificate (AOC),
detail procedure regarding initial certification for AOC refers to Staff
Instruction (SI) 8900-2.1.
Companies are audited on a regular basis for the AOC renewal purposes and
to determining conformance of aviation regulations and standards.
A company must submit a formal application letter to DGCA for request
renewal AOC certificate at least 90 days prior to the expired date of AOC
certificate.
Surveillance includes a routine continuing audit program performed by PAI
and POI.
d. Special-Purpose Audit
The following is a matrix of the scope and CA level for each type of audit.
Convening
Audit Category
Authority
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5. Audit Activities
The audit process consists of the following four distinct phases of activities:
a. Pre-Audit
Planning and preparation during the pre-audit phase will ensure that the
objectives of the audit are achieved effectively, efficiently and economically.
The scope and depth of the proposed audit, to be addressed and justified
within the audit plan, will determine the time schedule, personnel and
financial resources required.
b. Physical Audit
The physical audit phase will be implemented in accordance with the audit
plan. It includes the entry meeting with the auditee, the determination of
audit findings through interviews, inspections and the evaluation and
verification of files and records, functional area debriefings and the exit
meeting.
c. Post-Audit
d. Audit Follow-up
Audit follow-up includes the development and approval of the auditee’s Root
cause analysis and Corrective Action Plan (CAP) and ensures full
implementation of the corrective action plan (CAP).
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6. Co-ordination
8. Surveillance
9. Surveillance Activities
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Yes = 2 points
International operations
No = 0 points
For each certificate holder, add the number of points and use the total to
determine the related complexity rating using the following table.
High Complexity 14 - 17 6
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c. Analyzing surveillance
After the inspection data has been reported, an evaluation of the information
obtained from inspection reports and related sources must be conducted. The
purpose of this evaluation is to identify the areas of concern and note areas
such as the following:
Non-compliance with regulations or safe operating practices
Both positive and negative trends
Isolated deficiencies or incidents
Causes of noncompliance, trends, or isolated deficiencies
PAI/ POI must use good judgment when determining the most effective
course of action to be taken as a result of unsatisfactory inspection/audit
findings. The appropriate course of action often depends on many factors,
many of which may be quite subjective.
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10. Inspection
a. Resource Allocation
b. Criteria
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2) Scope;
3) Depth;
4) Personnel resources available;
5) Flexibility;
6) Time;
7) Financing or budgets;
8) Accountability; and
9) A poor conformance record.
c. Risk Indicators
1) Financial Change
The effects of financial difficulties and the subsequent impact on
operations and maintenance actions are potential indicators of
operational safety. Examples could be “cash on delivery” demands made
by suppliers; delays by the company in meeting financial obligations such
as rent, payroll or fuel bills; spare-part shortages; and repossession of
aircraft or other equipment.
2) Labour Difficulties
Labour unrest may occur during periods of seniority-list mergers, union
contract negotiations, strikes, or employer lockouts, and may warrant
increased regulatory monitoring.
3) Management Practices
Management controls employment, salaries, equipment, training and
operational/ maintenance processes. It can ensure that operations and
maintenance functions are performed in a controlled and disciplined
manner, or it can adopt a less active approach. Management can also
determine how quickly problems are solved and weak processes rectified.
These factors all determine the extent of regulatory monitoring required.
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d. Periodic Cycle
13. Qualifications
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15. Confidentiality
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a. General
b. Combined Audit
1) Airworthiness
An airworthiness specialist audit or surveillance will review the activities
of the following areas:
a) Management and administration;
b) Approval and Manual Inspection:
Operation Specification and ACL
Publication/Library;
Airworthiness Manual (CMM, Maintenance Program, MEL, and
other related manual);
Aircraft Documentations;
c) Training Program and Training Record (Maintenance personnel);
d) Maintenance Record System;
e) Maintenance Facilities;
f) Maintenance Contractual Arrangement;
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2) Operations
An operations specialist audit or surveillance will review one or more of
the following areas:
a) Management and administration;
b) Manual Inspection:
Operation Specification and ACL
Publication/Library;
Operation Manual (OM A, OM B, OM C, OM D, MEL, and other
related manual);
Aircraft Documentations;
3) Safety (SMS)
A Safety (SMS) specialist (Airworthiness or Operations) audit or
surveillance will review one or more of the following areas:
a) Safety management system (SMS) manual;
b) SMS Implementation (hazard identification and risk management);
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2. Pre-Audit
The pre-audit process for audits begins with the selection of a team, followed by
the preparation of an audit plan, the gathering of pre-audit documentation and
the holding of a pre-audit team meeting. This process is illustrated as follows:
a. Team Selection
The audit team, approved by the DGCA management, will normally consist
of the audit manager and team member and observers as appropriate. For
audits of smaller air operators the team may be reduced in size.
Convening authority for AOC holder audit is Deputy Director for Flight
Operation and Deputy Director for Airworthiness.
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1) Responsibilities
c. Audit Manager
The CA will appoint an audit manager for each audit. This individual will be
an operations or airworthiness inspector. This will allow sufficient time for
research, familiarization with the terms of reference, the selection of the audit
team and the development of an audit plan.
1) Qualifications
2) Responsibilities
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d. Team Member
1) Terms of Reference
Audit Manager will appoint team members in consultation with the CA.
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2) Qualifications
3) Responsibilities
3. Audit Plan
The Audit Manager will develop an audit plan. This plan ensures that the audit
will be conducted in an organized manner and in accordance with
predetermined criteria. Appropriate sections of the plan will be distributed to
each member of the audit team to provide guidance and direction throughout
the audit. The audit plan should address the following items:
a. Objective
The audit plan should state the class and type of audit (i.e., combined-routine
conformance audit, special audit, amendment/ additional audit, etc.).
The following factors should be considered when determining the scope and
depth of an audit:
1) The areas of the company to be audited (the entire operation or a specific
area);
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2) The depth (i.e. how far back in time) to which the audit will reach;
3) The geographical dispersion; and
4) The sample sizes to be used versus the population being sampled.
5) Risk base profile
c. Company Data
d. Approach
The audit plan should describe the Audit Program (AP) approach to auditing
by describing:
1) The manner in which the audit is to be conducted (i.e. whether it is a
combined or specialist audit);
2) The specific procedures to be followed (checklists and forms used); and
3) The checklist shall be updated and adapted to the audit and previous
audit outputs.
e. Specialist Assistance
The audit plan should address the issue of specialist assistance by
determining whether:
1) there are team members who understand these systems; and
2) Specialists will be required (those with aircraft-type, non-destructive
testing, engineering, etc.).
f. Scheduling
The following points should be considered when scheduling an audit:
1) The feasibility of the audit dates and timeframes;
2) The sufficiency of time allotted for the completion of the audit;
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3) The time allotted for the physical audit, with a daily schedule of inspection
for each specialist functional area (airworthiness, operations and safety)
4) Travel time; and
5) The preparation of the audit findings and distribution of the audit report.
4. Pre-Audit Documentation
This includes a thorough review of all company files and documentation and the
opening of a company audit file. Information gathered during the pre-audit
phase will assist the audit team in determining the specific areas, systems and
activities that warrant examination; supplementing audit checklists; or
amending the scope of the audit. This audit phase should:
a. Ensure that all reference manuals and documents to be used during the
audit are readily available and include the latest approved amendments;
b. Review the auditee’s approved manuals for conformance to the appropriate
Civil Aviation Safety Regulation (CASR’s);
c. Review the auditee’s files and records;
d. Itemize areas which require further review auditee;
e. Select the appropriate checklist items as applicable, in accordance with the
scope he procedural manual of the respective directorates.
f. Complete all pre-audit sections of the checklists;
g. Ensure that all audit documentation is chronologically recorded on the
company audit sub-file; and
h. Ensure that each team member has received appropriate portions of the
i. Audit plan.
j. Previous inspection or Audit Reports;
k. Accident or incident data;
l. Any enforcement action;
m. Appropriate extracts from regulations, standards and policies; and
n. Flight permits, waivers, approvals, aircraft type approvals, manufacturing
limitations and operations specifications authorizations
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6. Physical Audit
a. General
The physical audit consists of the entry meeting, evaluation and verification,
daily briefings and the exit meeting
b. Entry Meeting
The entry meeting should discuss the plan of the physical audit. It should
be attended by the auditee’s senior management and identified members of
the audit team. It will outline the audit process to the company and confirm
any administrative requirements so that the physical audit may be
conducted both effectively and efficiently, while minimizing disruptions to
the company’s operation. One of the objective of the entry meeting is to
obtain the positive participation of the auditee’s to the audit activities.
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d) Address the means of communication between the audit team and the
auditee;
e) Explain that company officials will be briefed daily on progress of the
audit;
f) Describe the manner in which any audit finding detected will be
handled;
g) Establish a location and time for the exit meeting;
h) Emphasis that the purpose of an audit is to identify non-
conformances and that enforcement action may result from any of
these findings; and
i) Respond to all questions from the auditee’s.
c. Evaluation
In the evaluation phase, the company’s level of conformance with regulations
and standards contained in existing legislation and company control
manuals will be assessed. The following are possible means of evaluation:
1) Pre-Audit Checklists
Pre-audit checklists will determine whether all essential controls appear
to be in place and are properly designed. Based on the results of the
checklist, a summary of the strengths and weaknesses of the auditee’s
control system will be developed. This system will be most effective if all
questions are answered.
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2) Interviews
Interviews with company personnel are important during the evaluation
phase to determine whether the control system documented in company
manuals is that in use, and to assess the knowledge of supervisory
personnel of their duties and responsibilities. Interviews may also confirm
the validity of audit findings reached through observation or sampling.
The following guidelines will be useful when preparing for an interview:
a) Prepare carefully prior to the interview by defining the areas to be
explored and setting specific objectives;
b) Explain why the interview is taking place;
c) Use open questions and avoid complex questions or phrases;
d) Listen carefully to answers and allow interviewee to do most of the
talking;
e) Avoid being side-tracked from your original objectives;
f) Ensure that questions are understood;
g) Terminate the interview if the atmosphere becomes highly negative;
h) Document all responses; and
i) Thank the interviewee at the conclusion of the interview.
3) Sampling
The sample size of a population and selection criteria have a direct impact
on the validity and confidence level of the results. The following guidelines
should be used:
a) Each sample group must stand alone. If there are 1400 pilots, 2800
flight attendants, 180 maintenance personnel, and 15 dispatchers,
each of the four groups must be considered separately;
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c) The table below will help determine the sample size needed to achieve
a 95% confident level for populations of 400 or more. For smaller
populations, a larger sample must be examined and the following
guide should be used:
d. Verification
1) During this phase, the audit team will gather information to determine the
company’s level of conformance. Specifically, verification will:
a) Determine whether company controls are operating effectively and as
intended;
b) Determine whether the auditee’s operation conforms to the Civil
Aviation Safety Regulation (CASR) and standards contained in the
audit checklists; and
c) Analyze particular deficiencies to assess their effects and identify the
causes.
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iv) Subject has been inspected, eq. record, personnel, and facilities.
a) Where evidence indicates an audit finding, the company will be given the
opportunity to show otherwise;
b) The auditor will determine the course of action to be adopted based on
the auditee’s response;
c) The auditor will observe the state of the company records management
system from the auditee’s perspective;
d) Arbitrary audit findings based on subjective examples will be eliminated;
e) The auditee will not be surprised at the end of the audit, as all
contentious issues will have been discussed openly during the physical
audit;
f) The auditor can concentrate on auditing rather than on researching
company files and records, and
g) The auditor will receive a signed document from the auditee for inclusion
in the supporting documentation package.
2) The CRF form (DGCA Form 120-09) will be sent to the Audit Manager at the
outset to avoid untimely surprises. All CRFs form will be issued sequentially
to ensure that, upon completion of the physical audit, the CRFs have
responses and appropriate action has been taken.
3) At the end of each day, the CRF form should be compared with the returned
CRF to ensure that it is current. For a large audit, this can be done at the
daily briefing with the company. In this manner, both the company and the
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4) When the CRF has been returned and appropriate action taken, this
material should be filed according to the appropriate audit area, allowing
documentation relating to high-profile items to be maintained for later
reference. This file will also provide background and evidence for any
enforcement action to be taken at a later date.
f. Type of Finding
A finding is generated as the result of a non conformity to a standard: CASR,
internal rules or procedure. A finding can be of 3 different types:
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inputting data on the form be taken to reduce the number of data entry
errors.
h. Daily Briefings
1) Team briefings will normally be held at the end of each day during the audit
to:
a) Ensure adherence to the audit plan;
b) Validate confirmation requests and audit findings;
c) Resolve issues or problems arising from the day’s activities; and
d) Update the CA if necessary.
2) Company briefings should be held at the end of each day, following team
briefings, to update the auditee’s management on audit progress.
i. Exit Meeting
The exit meeting with the company’s senior management should provide an
overview of the audit. The meeting should summaries the audit findings,
stating areas of strength and weakness. A controversial discussion with
company representatives regarding audit report content must be avoided. The
process for the exit meeting is as follows:
1) Normally, Audit manager and team members will attend the exit briefing,
however, other members may be required for specific briefings.
2) If team members other than the Audit Manager and team members are
required to speak at the exit meeting, the Audit Manager will advise them
in advance.
3) All audit findings should have been discussed with company officials as
each functional area was completed. New audit findings should not
normally be identified at the exit meeting. The meeting should provide an
overview of the audit and not become a debate between the team and the
organization. The auditee should be advised that the company will have an
opportunity to respond formally to the audit report.
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4) The auditee will be advised of those audit findings that may be subject to
enforcement action. The auditee will also be advised of the company’s
responsibility to take appropriate action to correct all non-conformances
and prevent their recurrence.
5) The audit manager shall advise the auditee that the audit report will be
forwarded to the company within ten working days and that a CAP must
be submitted to DGCA within 15 working days after the company has
received the report.
7. Post-Audit
a. General
This phase includes preparation of the audit report and the parallel report.
The audit finding summary report should be presented to the company within
ten working days. Any delay must be documented since the validity of the
audit will be compromised if the report is not presented in a timely manner.
Although draft audit finding forms may be left with the company as a
courtesy, this is not mandatory.
1) The Audit Manager is responsible for the preparation of the audit finding
summary report.
2) The audit finding summary report will be a factual account of the audit
and will not include subjective statements, suggestions or
recommendations.
3) The Director will sign the formal notification letter and forward it, with
a copy of the audit finding summary report, to the company. .
c. Parallel Report
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2) Findings against Civil Aviation Safety Regulation and Aviation Act no. 1
year 2009 will be described in a document called the parallel report. The
audit manager will forward the parallel report to the CA within 15 days of
the completion of the audit and shall identify the problem, cause,
responsibility and recommended solution for each finding. All supporting
documentation shall be included in the parallel report.
a. General
b. Immediate Action
After generate the finding, the Audit Manager shall immediately informed the
CA using the parallel report mechanism. Based on that report, CA will inform
Director of DAAO to determine the type of immediate actions taken.
Determination of the type of immediate action is based on management
review of DAAO, which will be convened by the Director. The type could vary,
from issuing warning letter, restriction or limitation of operation,
suspension, recommendation of revocation, or proceeding to enforcement
actions. The decision will then be informed to the auditee, which in turn will
need to establish corrective action plan and informed DGCA / DAAO within
the time frame established in accordance with the type of associated finding.
The schematic process is as follow:
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1) The covering letter of the audit report will advise the auditee that it must
submit a CAP addressing the audit findings within 15 working days.
Normally, this deadline will not be extended without the CA’s approval.
2) It is important to review the company’s CAP to determine whether the
company has developed a reasonable timetable for corrective action. It is
also essential to ensure that the timetable has prioritized the corrective
actions to address the most critical findings first.
3) Depending on the nature of the audit findings
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5) If the company’s CAP is not acceptable, the Audit Manager will indicate
the reasons, propose changes and negotiate a new target date. Otherwise,
an alternative course of action may be pursued.
6) Where the audit findings are of a minor nature, no threat to aviation safety
exists and the company has a reputable quality assurance or internal
audit program, a “paper follow-up” may be acceptable. In this case, the
documents are submitted with the CAP and no interim surveillance is
required. As the company completes its audit responses as Part of the
CAP, its progress will be monitored.
7) An audit will be formally closed when every audit finding has been
corrected through the CAP, the corrections have been found to be
acceptable by the follow-up office and post-audit surveillance has been
completed
8) Normally, the Audit Manager will ensure that a letter has been sent to the
auditee, confirming that all audit findings have been completed and that
the audit has been closed.
After the audit process has been completed the Audit Manager is responsible for
assembling an executive summary report. The report should contain the
following sections and attachments:
a) Part I - Introduction, which summarizes the audit process and the content of
the executive summary report;
b) Part II - Executive Summary of Findings, which summarizes the most
significant findings for the information of the senior management of the audit
and DGCA;
c) Part III - Airworthiness, which contains the functional summaries for
airworthiness;
d) Part IV - Operations, which contains the functional summaries for
operations;
e) Part V - Safety, which contains the functional summaries for safety; and
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f) An Appendix, which contains the audit findings for both airworthiness and
operations.
Audit Manager must ensure that a renewal or certification record is prepared and
updated in DAAO data base (IMSIS), which contains at least the following:
a) Certification Record
1) A Copy SIUAU and Financial assessment issued by DAT;
2) The Pre Application Statement of Intent;
3) The Certification Job Aid;
4) The Formal Application Letter ;
5) Complete inspection check list;
6) Copies of company manuals approval or acceptance;
7) The Final Statement of Compliance ;
8) The Emergency Evacuation Demonstration Report (if applicable);
9) The Proving Test Evaluation Report (if applicable);
10) A copy of Authorizations, Conditions and Limitations (ACL);
11) A copy of the Operations Specifications;
12) A copy of the Air Operator Certificate;
13) Summary of closure of all finding;
14) Executive Summary Report.
b) Renewal Record
1) The Formal Application Letter ;
2) Complete inspection check list;
3) Copies of company manuals approval or acceptance;
4) The Statement of Compliance ;
5) A copy of Authorizations, Conditions and Limitations (ACL);
6) A copy of the Operations Specifications;
7) A copy of the Air Operator Certificate;
8) Summary of closure of all finding;
9) Executive Summary Report.
The Deputy Director for Flight Operation will deliver the report to Deputy
Director Airworthiness and Head Section of Airworthiness Surveillance and its
copy to Head Section of Flight Operation Surveillance, briefing will be
conducted as necessary to ensure the effective handover in continuing the
surveillance activity.
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1. Root Cause
The initiating cause in a causal chain that leads to an undesirable situation or
condition; the point in the causal chain where corrective action could reasonably
be implemented and expected to correct and prevent recurrence of the
undesirable situation or condition.
In some cases, in particular where risks to safety are highest and causes and
actions require complex analysis and lengthy implementation, a joint DGCA-
AOC holder approach may be required.
The DGCA is responsible for ensuring that the causal factors as determined
by the AOC holder are accurate and that the associated actions implemented
by the operator are effective.
The root cause analysis is the tool or method designed to help auditee and
auditors describe what happened during a particular finding (non-
conformities), then determine how it happened and understand why it
happened.
A full root cause analysis as used in the more complex situations contains
three key components that need to be applied to ensure an effective analysis,
namely:
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In many cases, the issue that has resulted in the finding may be a ‘one-off’
event with a low consequence or impact and therefore a detailed root cause
analysis may not have a significant safety benefit.
The extent to which root cause analysis methods are used and the level of
analytical effort spent should be commensurate with the significance of the
issue or non-compliance. When determining what tool or methodology is
appropriate and whether the auditee (AOC holder) has been thorough in its
analysis, the DGCA will rely on the knowledge, experience, and judgement of
the auditor.
It is likely that the majority of findings (minor) will require minimal root cause
analysis with increasing depth of analysis and increased involvement of the
DGCA as the severity and/or number of findings and the complexity of the
causal factors increases.
Ultimately, the auditee (AOC holder) will need to satisfy the DGCA that the
root cause has been correctly identified and, in the more complex situations,
that the root cause analysis has been appropriately and thoroughly
conducted.
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2. Corrective actions
Additionally, after findings have been raised and root causes determined the
DGCA will agree with the auditee (AOC holder) on corrective actions and/or a
corrective action plan. It is the auditee (AOC holder) who has the resources and
authority to implement corrective actions.
The fundamental goal of the findings-causes-actions process is to shift from
fixing the effects of non-compliances to eliminating, changing, or controlling the
causes of problems, hence implementing corrective action and in the context of
safety risk management, preventive action.
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This is longer-term action and has two components. The first will
involve identifying the cause of the problem and indicating the
measures the company will take to prevent a recurrence. These
measures should focus on a system change. The second component
will include a timetable for company implementation of the long-term
corrective action. Long-term corrective action will maximum take
place within 60 days. Non adherence finding including safety
observation is linked to safety and evaluation of the risks linked to
operational hazards and raised when the risk pertaining to a specific
hazard is evaluated by DGCA as non acceptable for safety
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3) If the auditee’s corrective action plan is not acceptable, the DGCA will
indicate the reasons, propose changes and negotiate a revised
corrective action plan. Where the auditee is unresponsive to this action,
an alternative course of action may be pursued; where applicable, such
action could include the sending of a Notice of Suspension to the AOC
Certificate by the DGCA.
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Who How
Auditor
Auditor SI 8900-6.3
Auditor SI 8900-6.3
Auditee
Auditor
Auditor 5 Why
& Process
Auditee
Auditee Define an
action per
cause
Auditee SI 8900-6.3
Auditor
Auditee
Auditor
Auditor
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1. Airworthiness
Applicable form:
DGCA Form No.120-15 “Management and Administration Evaluation”
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Applicable form:
DGCA Form No.120-32 “Evaluation and Approval of Company
Maintenance Manual”
DGCA Form No.120-16 “Operation Specification Evaluation”
DGCA Form No. 120-34 “Evaluation and Approval of Minimum Equipment
List (MEL)”
DGCA Form No.120-53 “Evaluation of Publication (Library)”
Applicable form:
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Applicable form:
DGCA Form No. 120-41 “AD Compliance Evaluation”
DGCA Form No.120-42 “Record System Evaluation”
DGCA Form No. 120-47 “Major Repair and Alteration Evaluation
e. Maintenance Facilities;
The maintenance facility evaluation is performed to determine if adequate
housing, equipment, spare parts, technical data, and qualified personnel are
available to satisfactorily complete all maintenance functions.
Applicable form:
Applicable form:
DGCA Form No. 120-43 “Contractual Arrangement Evaluation”
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Applicable form:
h. Maintenance Program;
Each certificate holder shall have a maintenance program for each aircraft
type including foreign registered aircraft, approved by the DGCA, or state of
registry, containing the following:
Maintenance Inspection System & RII Evaluation; The certificate holder shall
ensure aircraft is maintained in accordance with the approved maintenance
program.
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Applicable form:
- DGCA Form No. 120-33 “Evaluation and Approval of Maintenance
Program”
- DGCA Form No. 120-49 “Aging Aircraft Program”
- DGCA Form No. 120-35 “Evaluation And Approval Of Weight And Balance
Control Program”
- DGCA Form No. 120-44 “Maintenance Inspection System & RII
Evaluation”
Applicable form:
DGCA Form No. 120-45 “Continuing Analysis and Surveillance Program
Evaluation”
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The certificate holder shall regularly and promptly send a summary report to
DGCA in accordance with regulations.
Operators are required by CASR section 121.705 and 135.705 to submit a
monthly Mechanical Interruption Summary Report (MISR). This report
enables the inspector to evaluate the effectiveness of the operator's
maintenance and manual procedures.
Applicable form:
l. Ramp inspections
Ramp Inspections are planned inspections carried out at ramp to verify the
compliance of laid down standards and regulations during operation of
commercial air operators. This inspection is carried out by a team of
inspectors from Operations and Airworthiness covering respective area as
per standard checklist.
Applicable Form
2. Operations
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Applicable form:
DGCA Form No.120-15 “Management and Administration Evaluation”
b. Manual inspections.
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1) Certificate of Registration;
2) Certificate of Airworthiness;
3) Operation Specification & ACL;
4) Aircraft Journey Log;
5) Aircraft Aeronautical Station License;
6) Attesting Noise certificate or a suitable statement attesting noise
certification as contained in another document approved by the DGCA;
7) The appropriate licenses for each member of the flight crew
8) Copy of the return to service, if any, in force with respect to the aircraft,
or technical log, as applicable;
9) AFM or RFM, for airplanes or helicopters;
10) Operational Flight Plan;
11) NOTAMS, AIS information and Meteorological briefing documentation;
12) Current and suitable maps and charts for routes of proposed flight or
possibly diverted flights;
13) Search and rescue information;
14) For international flights, a copy of the notified procedures to be followed
by the pilot-in-command of an intercepted aircraft, and the notified
visual signals for use by intercepting and intercepted aircraft;
15) Passenger and cargo manifests;
16) Copy of aircraft insurance
Applicable form:
DGCA Form No.120-31 “Evaluation and Approval of Operations Manual”
DGCA Form No. 120-34 Evaluation and Approval of MEL
DGCA Form No.120-16 “Operation Specification Evaluation”
DGCA Form No.120-53 “Evaluation of Publication/ Library”
DGCA Form No.8400-19 “Air Operator Aircraft Document Inspections
Checklist/Report”
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approved by the State of Design for the aircraft type, is tailored to the
applicant’s aircraft and installed equipment
Applicable form:
DGCA Form No. 120-54 ”Evaluation of Minimum Equipment List (MEL)’
Management Program”
d. Operation Control;
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Applicable form:
Applicable form:
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3) Accessibility and Security. Data regarding flight and duty time should be
readily accessible to personnel which have responsibility for
monitoring compliance with various time intervals. Records
should be secure from tampering by unauthorized individuals.
4) Currency. Data available to personnel responsible for ensuring
that individual crewmembers do not exceed regulatory or
contractual requirements should be updated expeditiously. The
system used by the operator should provide that schedulers and/or flight
control personnel are immediately aware when daily totals may be
exceeded. Flight time totals from written crew logs must be expeditiously
transmitted to the scheduling or flight control office, so that
weekly and monthly totals, where required, may be promptly
updated.
5) Accuracy. The system should faithfully track daily flight and duty time
for Crew members, and accurately reflect totals for longer
prescribed time intervals.
6) Conformity. The records should reflect conformance with regulatory
flight and duty time limitations.
Applicable form:
DGCA Form No.8400-06 “Air Operator Flight and Duty Time Record
Inspections Checklist/Report”
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Applicable form:
DGCA Form No.8400-21 “Evaluation Training Program and Training
Record for Flight Crew”
DGCA Form No.8400-22 “Evaluation Training Program and Training
Record for Flight Attendant.
DGCA Form No.8400-23 “Evaluation Training Program and Training
Record for Flight Operation Officer”
Applicable form:
DGCA Form No.8400-24 “Evaluation of Company Check pilot program
DGCA Form No.8400-25 “Evaluation of Company Check Flight
Attendant program
DGCA Form No.8400-26 “Evaluation of Company Check FOO program
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Applicable Form
DGCA Form No.8400-09 “Air Operator Cockpit Enroute Inspection
Checklist/Report”
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Cabin en-route inspections are conducted to assess the level of cabin safety
in air transportation by the direct observation and evaluation
of operations conducted in the aircraft cabin.
Applicable Form
DGCA Form No.8400-10 Air Operator Cabin Inspection Checklist/Report
Applicable Form
DGCA Form No.8400-11 Air Operator Station Facility Inspection
Checklist/Report
l. Ramp inspections
Ramp Inspections are planned inspections carried out at ramp to verify the
compliance of laid down standards and regulations during operation of
commercial air operators. This inspection is carried out by a team of
inspectors from Operations and Airworthiness covering respective area as
per standard checklist.
Applicable Form
DGCA Form No.120-13 Ramp Inspection Checklist
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Applicable Form
DGCA Form No.8400-13 Air Operator Pilot/FE Proficiency Check Report
3. Safety (SMS)
3) Safety assurance
Safety performance monitoring and measurement
Management of change
Continuous improvement of the SMS
4) Safety promotion
Training and education
Safety communication
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Applicable form:
DGCA Form No. 120-90 ”Evaluation Manual and Implementation of
Safety Management System” Part I
Applicable form:
DGCA Form No. 120-90 ”Evaluation Manual and Implementation of
Safety Management System” Part II
Applicable form:
DGCA Form No. 120-95 ”Flight Data Analysis Program Surveillance
Checklist/Report”
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Applicable form:
DGCA Form No. 120-98 ”Evaluation of SMS reporting system”
Certificate holders shall develop and maintain the means to verify the safety
performance of the organization and to validate the effectiveness of safety risk
controls.
Internal audit process is one means to monitor compliance with safety
regulations, the foundation upon which SMS is built, and assess the
effectiveness of these safety risk controls and the SMS.
The certificate holder shall establish a quality system to ensure continuing
compliance with the regulation through an internal Quality Management
System ensuring the monitoring of all the processes including those
implemented by its contractors and suppliers
Applicable form:
DGCA Form No. 120-97 ”Evaluation of Internal Audit process including
the contractors”
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Applicable form:
b. Audit program
The audit program that provides for the auditing to ensure:
1) Audit planning process and resources
2) The process to ensure significant issues arising from the Quality
Management System are subject to management review.
3) The means for disseminating information from the Quality Management
System to management and non-management operational personnel as
appropriate to ensure an organizational awareness of compliance with
applicable regulatory and other requirements.
4) The audit planning process and sufficient resources, including auditors,
to ensure audits are:
Scheduled at intervals to meet regulatory and management system
requirements;
Completed within a specified time period.
Applicable form:
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Applicable form:
Applicable form:
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1. Introduction
DGCA surveillance area are similar with the audit area, frequency surveillance
area will developed base on risk base analysis, characteristic operators and
previous audit report and surveillance report.
After the inspection data has been reported, an evaluation of the information
obtained from inspection reports and related sources must be conducted. The
purpose of this evaluation is to identify the areas of concern and note areas
such as the following: Noncompliance with regulations or unsafe operating
practices
Both positive and negative trends
Isolated deficiencies or incidents
Causes of noncompliance, trends, or isolated deficiencies
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3. Frequency of Surveillance
As minimum, table 6-1, 6-2, 6-3 and 6-4 illustrates typical inspections and its
frequency per cycles. The cycle may be varied for each operator. The duration
of cycle of the surveillance is determined by result of the risk based analysis on
Chapter 7 which are varied in the specific periods of 6 months, 12 months, or
18 months per cycle.
Table 6-1 Typical Surveillance of Airworthiness
Frequency DGCA Form
No. Area
per cycle Number
1 Management and administration; 1 120-15
2 Approvals, Manual and Procedure;
Company Maintenance Manual 120-32
Operations Specification 1 120-16
Minimum Equipment List 120-34
Publication/ Library 120-53
3 Training Program and Record
1 120-52
(Maintenance personnel);
4 Maintenance Record System;
AD Compliance 120-41
1
Record System 120-42
Major repair and alteration 120-47
5 Maintenance Facilities;
Maintenance facility 1 120-51
Fueling and servicing 120-48
6 Maintenance Contractual Arrangement; 1 120-43
7 Minimum Equipment List (MEL)
1 120-54
Management program;
8 Maintenance Program;
Maintenance Program 120-33
Aging Aircraft Program 120-49
1
Weight and Balance 120-35
Maintenance Inspection System & 120-44
RII
9 Maintenance Process Inspection; 1 120-50
10 Continuing Analysis and Surveillance
Program; 1
CASP 120-45
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Remark:
A : Flag, Domestic and Commuter Operation
B : Supplemental Operation
C. : Charter and others
Inspection Classification:
Main Base : 1,2,3,4,5,6,7
Out base : 9,10,11,12
Others : 8,13
For tuRBSjet or tuRBSfan airplane, will be divided into two groups, i.e. “Wide
Body Airplane” and “Narrow Body Airplane”.
All propeller driven airplane, either piston or turbine powered, single or multi
engine will fall into one group, i.e. “Propeller Airplane”.
All helicopter, either piston or turbine powered, single or multi engine will fall
into one group, i.e. “Helicopter”.
Explanation table 6-2 for Area Number 7. Training Program and Training
Record (Flight crew, Flight Attendant, and Flight Operations Officer).
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each aircraft type of group aircraft of similar type operated by operator. This is
to ensure compliance with approved training manual and with company
procedures and policies.
Explanation table 6-2 for Area Number 10. Cabin Enroute Inspection
Explanation table 6-2 for Area Number 11. Station facility inspection;
1. For operator holding AOC 121:
a. Domestic and Flag air carriers: Station Facility Inspections must be
conducted cyclically at a minimum of 3 (three) different stations used by
each operator, or as many stations used by the operator if the number are
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less than 3 (three). The station facility inspection may be conducted with
different area of destinations (domestic, regional, international).
b. Supplemental air carrier: Station Facility Inspections must be conducted
cyclically at a minimum of one station used by each operator, considering
the fact that most of supplemental operators used only its main base as
station facility.
2. For operator holding AOC 135:
a. Commuter air carrier: Station Facility Inspections must be conducted
cyclically at a minimum of 2 (two) different stations used by each operator,
or as many stations used by the operator if the number are only one.
b. Charter air carrier: Random Station Facility Inspections must be
conducted cyclically at a minimum of one station used by each operator,
considering the fact that most of charter operators used only its main base
as station facility.
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Explanation table 6-2 for Area Number 13. Flight Crew Member Proficiency
and Competency check
1. For operator holding AOC 121: A minimum three inspections cyclically must
be performed on each operator. In the case of operator having more than one
aircraft group, the minimum number of inspections must be distributed
evenly on each group.
2. For operator holding AOC 135: A minimum of one inspection cyclically must
be performed on each operator.
The organizational elements within the DGCA which are responsible for
ensuring that comprehensive surveillance programs are to be developed and
maintained are as follows:
a. Directorate of Airworthiness and Aircraft Operations (DAAO)
Sub Directorate Airworthiness for airworthiness and safety (SMS) areas.
Sub Directorate Aircraft Operations for operations and safety areas.
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1. INTRODUCTION
The typical of surveillance program that performed by DAAO office is explained
in Chapter VI of this Staff Instruction. The frequency of surveillance area will be
developed by risk base analysis, characteristic operators and previous audit
report and surveillance report. This risk base analysis is one of process to
determine RISK BASE SURVEILLANCE. Risk Based Surveillance (RBS) is
defined as one way of performing oversight, where planning is driven by
combination of risk profile and deviation event; and execution focuses on the
management of risks, besides ensuring compliance. Oversight means the
verification, on a continuous basis that the requirements on the basis of which
a certificate has been issued or the requirements in respect of which a
declaration has been made, continue to be complied with.
RBS combines the two processes of planning and execution, as a Figured 7.1,
Risk Based Surveillance Overview.
a. Planning process is coming from the prioritization of activities takes place
on the analysis of the information available from the risk profile and the
overall deviation event, which includes:
the specific nature of the organization;
the complexity of its activities;
the safety performance indicators (SPI)
the outcome of aircraft ramp check and previous oversight, such as
audit/certification, special audit, and surveillance;
Deviation event from mandatory occurrence report, which includes the
number of accident/incident, SDR, MISR.
The above should be combined with contextual information coming from
many sources of intelligence, such as isolated events, reorganization,
retirement of key employee, reported occurrences, financial health etc.
Furthermore, it is worth noting that the resulting outcome is rather
dynamic.
Choice of cycle length and audit interval may be driven by availability of
resources. Possible, no exhaustive, approaches can be each operator taken
individually, the cycle length is derived from its risk profile; then, for each
area (e.g. training, dangerous goods, organization’s management system) the
audit interval is derived from an evaluation of the risks in that area; or
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b. During the execution process, attention is paid to both compliance and risk
management because compliance remains the basic element to ensure safe
operations, whereas risk management looks at the effectiveness of the
activities put in place to achieve the safety objectives.
The outcome of the oversight is considered: for quick response to safety
performance issues in the short term (planning), if needed; and for adjusting
the risk profile in the longer term.
For each operator, RBS parameters should be continuously monitored at an
appropriate frequency in order to identify any trend and to review the oversight
programme, its cycle and the safety objectives.
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Figured 7.1 Risk Based Surveillance Overview
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Figured 7.2 Oversight System Looping
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The risk indicator is obtained from a combination of risk data collected from
outcome aircraft ramp check, previous oversight and deviation event. This
indicator is a representation of the probability of risks being adequately
managed by the air operator.
= − +
(1)
Where :
= risk indicator
= compliance indicator
= improvement indicator
= deviation indicator
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Compliance Indicator
= 1− × 75%
(2)
Where :
= +
Finding Categories :;
Non-Compliance 50%
Non-Conformance 35%
Non-Adherence 15%
= " #$ , $&' #( , ) # #$ *
Deviation Indicator
Where :
Deviation Categories N;
Accident/Serious Incident/Incident 50%
Service Difficulty Report (SDR) 35%
Mechanical Interruption Summary Report (MISR) 15%
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Improvement Indicator
Where :
The risk indicator results from a profile developed from and which would be
aggregated into a scoring system expressed in the following five (5) risk
categories of the air operator according to the range of the score determined
by inspectors during oversight:
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The results of all oversight activities is collecting from online database Portal
of DAAO, those oversight data are to determine at any time the score of the
risk parameter related to regulatory compliance for each air operator.
Likewise, a database would be available to identify which part of the
requirement is presenting findings based on the established coding and its
impact on the safety risk in terms of the associated hazard.
The DAAO shall use the result of this assessment in the decision-making
process and to follow up on deficiencies identified in surveillance and/or
audits conducted under the risk-based safety oversight programme.
b. Determination of exposure indicator
The exposure indicator of an air operator is determined by the size and
complexity of its activities. The exposure indicator is the numerical
representation of the air operator's exposure to risk and the likelihood that
the consequences of those risks will materialize. This indicator is
determined according to:
- the annual number of flights;
- the number of employess;
- the number of aircraft;
- the number of aircraft models;
- the number of destinations;
- international operations;
- average age of the fleet; and
- number of domestic bases.
Š= FI‹ (5)
Where :
Š = exposure indicator function
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Once the assignment of values is finished, add the values in the right
column and use Table 7.2 to obtain the exposure indicator.
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In the area of air operator, the DGCA will inspect within area that specified
in Chapter V.
Risk indicator
RBS frequency (FIdR)
Exposure indicator 5 4 3 2 1
(FIdE)
Very E 5E 4E 3E 2E 1E
high
High D 5D 4D 3D 2D 1D
Moderat C 5C 4C 3C 2C 1C
e
Low B 5B 4B 3B 2B 1B
Very low A 5A 4A 3A 2A 1A
RBS intensity
level
Rigorous Normal Reduced
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Figured 7.3 Strategic Surveillance Based On Risk (Frequency of Surveillance)
84
LAMPIRAN I KEPUTUSAN DIREKTUR JENDERAL PERHUBUNGAN UDARA
NOMOR : KP 263 TAHUN 2021
TANGGAL : 26 NOVEMBER 2021
PETUNJUK TEKNIS
SI 8900-6.3
Prosedur Audit dan Surveilans Bagi Pemegang
Sertifikat Operator Pesawat Udara (AOC)
Amandemen : 3
Tanggal : 26 November 2021
REPUBLIK INDONESIA – KEMENTERIAN PERHUBUNGAN
DIREKTORAT JENDERAL PENERBANGAN SIPIL
JAKARTA – INDONESIA
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
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DAFTAR ISI
1. Tujuan .................................................................................................. 7
2. Persetujuan ........................................................................................... 7
6. Koordinasi ........................................................................................... 10
8. Pengamatan/Surveilans. ..................................................................... 10
9. Kegiatan Surveilans............................................................................. 10
2. Pra-Audit............................................................................................. 22
3. Rencana Audit..................................................................................... 26
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7. Pasca-Audit ......................................................................................... 37
2. Tindakan Korektif................................................................................ 46
1. Kelaikudaraan ..................................................................................... 49
2. Operasi ............................................................................................... 55
1. Pengantar ............................................................................................ 70
1. Pengantar ............................................................................................ 80
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BAB I. DEFINISI
• Kegiatan audit adalah kegiatan dan prosedur yang dimana informasi yang
diperoleh untuk digunakan memverifikasi kesesuaian auditee dengan
peraturan dan standar yang berlaku. Kegiatan tersebut dapat mencakup, tetapi
tidak terbatas pada: wawancara, pengamatan, inspeksi dan peninjauan file dan
dokumen.
• Auditee adalah Badan usaha angkutan udara selaku pemegang Sertifikat
Operator Pesawat Udara yang menjadi objek pengawasan keselamatan
penerbangan.
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• Rencana Audit adalah rencana audit yang terjadwal yang dimaksudkan untuk
mengukur tingkat kesesuaian organisasi. Organisasi-organisasi ini termasuk
organisasi Kelaikudaraan yang ditunjuk dan operator udara.
• Sertifikasi adalah proses penetapan kompetensi, kualifikasi, atau kualitas
yang menjadi dasar penerbitan AOC dan/atau Spesifikasi Operasi. Ini
termasuk penerbitan asli, penolakan, pembaruan atau Amandemen/revisi
dokumen itu.
• Karakteristik adalah setiap properti atau atribut yang berbeda dari suatu
produk, proses, layanan, atau praktik yang kesesuaiannya dengan peraturan
atau standar dapat diukur.
• Konfirmasi adalah jaminan bahwa temuan audit sesuai dengan data yang
diperoleh dari berbagai sumber.
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• Prosedur atau Proses adalah serangkaian langkah yang diikuti secara metodis
untuk menyelesaikan suatu kegiatan. Ini termasuk: aktivitas yang harus
dilakukan dan individu yang terlibat; waktu, tempat dan cara penyelesaian;
bahan, peralatan, dan dokumentasi yang akan digunakan; dan cara di mana
aktivitas itu harus dikendalikan.
• Akar masalah adalah penyebab awal dalam rantai sebab akibat yang mengarah
pada situasi atau kondisi yang tidak diinginkan; titik dalam rantai sebab akibat
di mana tindakan korektif dapat diterapkan secara wajar dan diharapkan
untuk memperbaiki dan mencegah terulangnya situasi atau kondisi yang tidak
diinginkan
• Standar adalah kriteria yang ditetapkan yang digunakan sebagai dasar untuk
mengukur tingkat kesesuaian auditor.
• Pengawasan adalah kegiatan pengawasan berkelanjutan untuk melihat
pemenuhan peraturan keselamatan penerbangan yang dilaksanakan oleh
penyedia jasa penerbangan dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya yang meliputi
audit, inspeksi, surveilans, dan pemantauan (monitoring).
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• Kertas kerja adalah semua dokumen yang diperlukan oleh auditor atau tim
audit untuk merencanakan dan melaksanakan audit, termasuk jadwal audit,
tugas auditor, daftar periksa dan berbagai bentuk laporan.
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1. Tujuan
2. Persetujuan
Sertifikasi AOC
Audit Ditjen Perhubungan Udara dilakukan untuk pemberian persetujuan
sertifikasi awal, pembaruan, perubahan/persetujuan tambahan, kesesuaian
rutin dan audit tujuan khusus sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Penerbangan
Indonesia no. 1 Tahun 2009. Direktur Jenderal Perhubungan Udara
melaksanakan fungsi Surveilans keselamatan terhadap hal-hal yang ditentukan
dalam Undang-undang no. 1 Tahun 2009 atau Peraturan turunannya.
Surveilans
Surveilans yang dilakukan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Udara yaitu
dengan melakukan pemeriksaan dan audit berkelanjutan secara rutin untuk:
- memastikan kepatuhan terhadap CASR, standar, dan manual yang
disetujui.
- mendeteksi masalah keselamatan yang signifikan dalam maskapai
penerbangan, dan memastikan bahwa masalah tersebut telah diperbaiki
secara efektif pada waktu yang tepat.
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3. Jenis Audit
a. Sertifikasi Awal
c. Audit Rutin
Perusahaan diaudit secara teratur untuk tujuan pembaruan AOC dan untuk
menentukan kesesuaian dengan peraturan dan standar penerbangan.
Perusahaan harus mengajukan surat permohonan resmi kepada Direktorat
Jenderal Perhubungan Udara untuk permohonan perpanjangan sertifikat
AOC paling lambat 90 hari sebelum masa berlaku sertifikat AOC berakhir.
Surveilans mencakup program audit berkelanjutan secara rutin yang
dilakukan oleh PAI dan POI.
8
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
Berikut adalah matriks cakupan dan level CA untuk setiap jenis audit.
Direktorat Jenderal
Gabungan Semua area operasi auditee.
Perhubungan Udara
5. Kegiatan Audit
Proses audit terdiri dari empat fase kegiatan yang berbeda berikut ini:
a. Pra-audit ;
b. Audit fisik;
c. Pasca-audit; dan
d. Tindak lanjut audit.
a. Pra-Audit
b. Audit Fisik
Tahap audit fisik akan dilaksanakan sesuai dengan rencana audit. Ini
termasuk rapat pembuakaan dengan auditee, penentuan temuan audit
melalui wawancara, inspeksi dan evaluasi dan verifikasi file dan catatan,
tanya jawab dan rapat penutupan audit
c. Pasca-Audit
9
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
6. Koordinasi
8. Surveilans
10
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
9. Kegiatan Surveilans
Proses surveilans terdiri dari empat fase kegiatan yang berbeda berikut ini:
a. Mengembangkan rencana surveilans;
b. Menyelesaikan rencana surveilans;
c. Menganalisis surveilans; dan
d. Menentukan tindakan yang tepat.
11
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
Ya = 2 poin
Penerbangan internasional
Tidak = 0 poin
Untuk setiap pemegang sertifikat AOC, jumlahkan poin dan gunakan total
penjumlahan tersebut untuk menentukan peringkat kompleksitas dengan
menggunakan tabel berikut:
Kompleksitas Rendah 5 -9 4
Kompleksitas Tinggi 14 - 17 6
12
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
13
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
Evaluasi hasil inspeksi ini juga penting dalam hal pendefinisian ulang dan
pelaksanaan tujuan Surveilans dan kegiatan Surveilans selanjutnya.
Tindakan korektif yang diambil oleh operator atau awak pesawat secara
independen dari Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Udara harus
diperhitungkan.
14
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
10. Inspeksi
Salah satu tujuan dari program audit dan Surveilans adalah untuk
menargetkan perusahaan penerbangan yang memiliki tingkat kepatuhan
rendah atau catatan kesesuaian atau catatan keselamatan penerbangan
yang rendah untuk inspeksi/audit yang lebih sering. Dengan demikian,
sumber daya (personil dan anggaran) akan diprioritaskan pada
perusahaan-perusahaan di mana memilki tingkat risiko keselamatan
penerbangan paling besar.
b. Kriteria
15
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
c. Indikator Risiko
1) Perubahan Finansial
Efek dari kesulitan keuangan dan dampak selanjutnya pada tindakan
operasi dan perwatan pesawat udara merupakan indikator potensial
keselamatan operasional. Contohnya dapat berupa permintaan “cash
on delivery” yang dibuat oleh pemasok komponen; penundaan oleh
perusahaan dalam memenuhi kewajiban keuangan seperti sewa, gaji
atau tagihan bahan bakar; kekurangan suku cadang; dan kepemilikan
kembali pesawat atau peralatan lainnya.
3) Praktik manajemen
Manajemen mengontrol pekerjaan, gaji, peralatan, pelatihan dan
proses operasional/Perawatan pesawat udara. Guna memastikan
bahwa fungsi operasi dan perwatan pesawat udara dilakukan dengan
cara yang terkendali dan disiplin, atau dapat mengadopsi pendekatan
yang lebih tepat. Manajemen juga dapat menentukan seberapa cepat
masalah diselesaikan dan proses yang lemah diperbaiki. Faktor-faktor
ini semua menentukan sejauh mana pemantauan/Surveilans
diperlukan.
16
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
17
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
d. Siklus Berkala
13. Kualifikasi
Kualifikasi Surveilans yang dilakukan oleh anggota tim audit dan inspektur
penerbangan disesuaikan dengan tugas dan tanggung jawab masing-masing.
Namun, setiap anggota tim dan inspektur penerbangan yang melakukan
Surveilans (kecuali yang sedang menjalani pelatihan atau bertugas sebagai
pengamat) harus menjalani prosedur audit. Pelatihan mengacu pada SI 8900-
1.3 (Prosedur audit untuk operasi/FCN 6901 dan prosedur audit untuk
Kelaikudaraan FCN 61701).
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
15. Kerahasiaan
Ketika temuan audit atau Surveilans diidentifikasi tidak sesuai dengan PKPS
dan/atau Undang-Undang Penerbangan no. 1 tahun 2009, manajer audit
atau PAI/ POI akan menyiapkan laporan paralel untuk manajemen Ditjen
Perhubungan Udara.
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
1. Kelas Audit
a. Umum
b. Audit Gabungan
c. Audit Khusus
Audit atau inspeksi ini berfokus pada area fungsional tertentu dalam
sebuah perusahaan.
1) Kelaikudaraan
Audit atau Surveilans spesialis Kelaikudaraan akan meninjau kegiatan
bidang-bidang berikut:
a) Manajemen dan administrasi;
b) Persetujuan dan Inspeksi Manual:
• Spesifikasi Operasi dan ACL
• Publikasi;
• Manual Kelaikudaraan (CMM, Program Perwatan pesawat udara ,
MEL, dan manual terkait lainnya);
• Dokumentasi Pesawat Udara;
c) Program Pelatihan dan Catatan Pelatihan (Personel Perwatan
pesawat udara );
d) Sistem Catatan Perwatan pesawat udara ;
e) Fasilitas Perawatan pesawat udara ;
20
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
2. Pra-Audit
Proses pra audit untuk audit dimulai dengan pemilihan tim, dilanjutkan
dengan penyusunan rencana audit, pengumpulan dokumentasi pra audit dan
diadakannya rapat tim pra audit. Proses ini digambarkan sebagai berikut:
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
a. Seleksi Tim
Tim audit, yang disetujui oleh manajemen Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan
Udara, biasanya terdiri dari manajer audit dan anggota tim serta pengamat
jika diperlukan. Untuk audit operator pesawat udara yang lebih kecil, tim
dapat disesuikan jumlahnya
c. Manajer audit
Manajer audit:
• Akan melaporkan langsung ke CA untuk semua masalah audit. Anggota
tim akan melapor kepada Manajer Audit sampai dengan selesainya
pelaksanaan audit; dan
23
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
1) Kualifikasi
2) Tanggung Jawab
24
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
d. Anggota tim
1) Kerangka acuan
2) Kualifikasi
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
3) Tanggung jawab
e. Pengamat
3. Rencana Audit
a. Objektif
Rencana audit harus menyatakan kelas dan jenis audit (yaitu, audit rutin,
gabungan, audit khusus, amandemen/audit tambahan, dll.).
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
c. Data perusahaan
d. Pendekatan
Rencana audit harus menjelaskan pendekatan Program Audit (AP) untuk
audit, dengan menjelaskan:
1) Cara audit yang akan dilakukan (yaitu apakah audit gabungan atau
spesialis);
2) Prosedur khusus yang harus diikuti (checklist dan formulir yang
digunakan); dan
3) Checklist harus diperbarui dan disesuaikan dengan audit dan hasil audit
sebelumnya.
e. Bantuan Spesialis
Rencana audit harus membahas masalah bantuan spesialis yang diperlukan
dengan mempertimbangakan apakah:
1) ada anggota tim yang memahami sistem ini; dan
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
f. Penjadwalan
Hal-hal berikut harus dipertimbangkan ketika menjadwalkan audit:
1) Ketepatan tanggal dan kerangka waktu audit;
2) Kecukupan waktu yang dialokasikan untuk penyelesaian audit;
3) Waktu yang dialokasikan untuk audit fisik, dengan jadwal inspeksi
harian untuk setiap area fungsional spesialis (kelaikudaraan, operasi
pesawat udara, dan keselamatan)
4) Waktu perjalanan; dan
5) Penyusunan temuan audit dan distribusi laporan audit.
4. Dokumentasi Pra-Audit
Ini termasuk tinjauan menyeluruh terhadap semua file dan dokumentasi
perusahaan penerbangan dan pembukaan file audit perusahaan penerbangan.
Informasi yang dikumpulkan selama fase pra-audit akan membantu tim audit
dalam menentukan area, sistem, dan aktivitas spesifik yang memerlukan
pemeriksaan; melengkapi checklist, audit; atau mengubah ruang lingkup audit.
Tahap audit ini harus:
a. Memastikan bahwa semua manual referensi dan dokumen yang akan
digunakan selama audit tersedia dan menyertakan amandemen terbaru
yang disetujui;
b. Memeriksa manual yang disetujui auditee untuk kesesuaian dengan
Peraturan Keselamatan Penerbangan Sipil (CASR's);
c. Meninjau file dan catatan auditee;
d. Perincian area yang memerlukan auditee review lebih lanjut;
e. Pilih item chekclist yang sesuai dan berlaku, sesuai dengan ruang lingkup
manual prosedur dari masing-masing unit operator pesawat udara;
f. Melengkapi semua bagian pra-audit dari checklist;
g. Memastikan bahwa semua dokumentasi audit dicatat secara sistematis
pada sub-file audit perusahaan; dan
h. Memastikan bahwa setiap anggota tim telah menerima bagian yang sesuai
dari Rencana audit.
i. Pemeriksaan atau Laporan Audit sebelumnya;
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
6. Audit Fisik
a. Umum
Audit fisik terdiri dari entry meeting, evaluasi dan verifikasi, daily briefing
dan exit meeting
Rapat pembukaan harus membahas rencana audit fisik. Rapat ini harus
dihadiri oleh manajemen senior auditee dan anggota tim audit yang
teridentifikasi. Rapat ini akan menguraikan proses audit ke perusahaan
penerbangan dan mengkonfirmasi persyaratan administrasi apa pun
sehingga audit fisik dapat dilakukan secara efektif dan efisien, sambil
meminimalkan gangguan pada operasi perusahaan penerbangan. Salah
satu tujuan entry meeting adalah untuk mendapatkan partisipasi positif
dari auditee dalam kegiatan audit.
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
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SI 8900-6.3
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c. Evaluasi
Pada tahap evaluasi, akan dinilai tingkat kepatuhan perusahaan
penerbangan dengan peraturan dan standar yang terdapat dalam peraturan
perundang-undangan yang ada dan pedoman pengendalian perusahaan
penerbangan. Berikut ini adalah cara evaluasi yang mungkin:
1) Checklist Pra-Audit
Checklist pra-audit akan menentukan apakah semua kontrol penting ada
dan dirancang dengan benar. Berdasarkan hasil checklist tersebut akan
dikembangkan ringkasan kekuatan dan kelemahan sistem pengendalian
auditee.
2) Wawancara
Wawancara dengan personel perusahaan penting selama fase evaluasi
untuk menentukan apakah sistem kontrol yang didokumentasikan
dalam manual perusahaan digunakan, dan untuk menilai pengetahuan
personel pengawas tentang tugas dan tanggung jawab mereka.
Wawancara juga dapat mengkonfirmasi keabsahan temuan audit yang
dicapai melalui observasi atau pengambilan sampel. Panduan berikut
akan berguna saat mempersiapkan wawancara:
a) Persiapkan dengan cermat sebelum wawancara dengan menentukan
area yang akan dieksplorasi dan menetapkan tujuan khusus;
b) Jelaskan mengapa wawancara berlangsung;
c) Gunakan pertanyaan terbuka dan hindari pertanyaan atau frasa
yang rumit;
d) Dengarkan baik-baik jawaban dan biarkan orang yang diwawancarai
berbicara lebih banyak;
e) Hindari pembicaraan yang menyimpang dari tujuan awal Anda;
f) Pastikan bahwa pertanyaan dipahami;
g) Hentikan wawancara jika suasana menjadi sangat negatif;
h) Dokumentasikan semua tanggapan; dan
i) Ucapkan terima kasih kepada orang yang diwawancarai pada akhir
wawancara.
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
3) Contoh (Sample)
a) Setiap kelompok sampel harus berdiri sendiri. Jika ada 1400 pilot,
2800 pramugari, 180 personel perwatan pesawat udara , dan 15
petugas operator, masing-masing dari empat kelompok sampel
harus dipertimbangkan secara terpisah;
d. Verifikasi
1) Selama fase ini, tim audit akan mengumpulkan informasi untuk
menentukan tingkat kesesuaian perusahaan. Secara khusus, verifikasi
akan:
a) Menentukan apakah pengendalian perusahaan beroperasi secara
efektif dan sebagaimana dimaksud;
b) Menentukan apakah operasi pesawat udara yang diaudit sesuai
dengan Peraturan Keselamatan Penerbangan Sipil (PKPS) dan standar
yang terkandung dalam checklist audit; dan
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
3) Pada akhir setiap hari, formulir CRF harus dibandingkan dengan CRF yang
dikembalikan untuk memastikan bahwa formulir tersebut terkini. Untuk
audit besar, ini bisa dilakukan pada briefing harian dengan perusahaan.
Dengan cara ini, baik perusahaan maupun tim audit akan mendapatkan
data terbaru mengenai status dokumen-dokumen ini. Semua formulir CRF
harus diselesaikan sebelum selesainya audit fisik di lokasi atau pangkalan
tersebut.
4) Ketika CRF telah dikembalikan dan tindakan yang tepat diambil, materi ini
harus diajukan sesuai dengan area audit. File ini juga akan memberikan
latar belakang dan bukti untuk tindakan perbaikan yang diambil di
kemudian hari.
f. Jenis Temuan
Sebuah temuan dihasilkan sebagai akibat dari ketidaksesuaian dengan
standar: PKPS, aturan atau prosedur internal. Temuan dapat terdiri dari 3
jenis yang berbeda:
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
h. Briefing Harian
1) Pengarahan tim biasanya akan diadakan pada akhir setiap hari selama
audit untuk:
a) Memastikan kepatuhan terhadap rencana audit;
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
i. Rapat Penutupan
1) Biasanya, manajer Audit dan anggota tim akan menghadiri briefing rapat
penutupan, jika diperlukan anggota lain dimungkinkan hadir pada
briefing penutupan audit.
2) Jika anggota tim selain Manajer Audit dan anggota tim diminta untuk
berbicara pada rapat penutupan, Manajer Audit akan memberi tahu
auditee terlebih dahulu.
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
5) Manajer audit harus memberi tahu pihak yang diaudit bahwa laporan
audit akan diteruskan ke perusahaan dalam waktu sepuluh hari kerja dan
bahwa CAP harus diserahkan kepada Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan
Udara dalam waktu 15 hari kerja setelah perusahaan menerima laporan
tersebut.
7. Pasca-Audit
a. Umum
c. Laporan Paralel
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
a. Umum
b. Aksi Cepat
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
7) Audit akan ditutup secara resmi ketika setiap temuan audit telah
dikoreksi melalui CAP, koreksi tindak lanjut telah dinyatakan dapat
diterima oleh DKPPU dan Surveilans pasca audit telah selesai
40
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
a) Catatan Sertifikasi
1) Salinan SIUAU dan Penilaian Keuangan yang diterbitkan oleh Direktorat
Angkutan Udara;
2) Pra Aplikasi Statement of Intent;
3) Job Aid Sertifikasi;
4) Surat Pengajuan Resmi;
5) Keseluruhan checklist pemeriksaan;
6) Salinan persetujuan atau penerimaan manual perusahaan;
7) Pernyataan Kepatuhan Akhir (Compliance Statement);
8) Laporan Demonstrasi Evakuasi Darurat (jika ada);
9) Laporan Evaluasi Uji Pembuktian (jika ada);
10) Salinan Otorisasi, Ketentuan dan Batasan (ACL);
11) Salinan Spesifikasi Operasi;
12) Salinan Sertifikat Operator Udara;
13) Ringkasan penutupan semua temuan;
14) Laporan Ringkasan Eksekutif.
b) Catatan Pembaruan
1) Surat Pengajuan Resmi;
2) Keseluruhan checklist pemeriksaan
3) Salinan persetujuan atau penerimaan manual perusahaan;
4) Pernyataan Kepatuhan (Compliance Statement);
5) Salinan Otorisasi, Ketentuan dan Batasan (ACL);
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
1. Akar masalah
Penyebab awal dalam rantai sebab akibat yang mengarah pada situasi atau
kondisi yang tidak diinginkan; titik dalam rantai sebab akibat di mana tindakan
korektif dapat diterapkan secara wajar dan diharapkan untuk memperbaiki dan
mencegah terulangnya situasi atau kondisi yang tidak diinginkan.
Analisis akar penyebab adalah alat atau metode yang dirancang untuk
membantu auditee dan auditor menggambarkan apa yang terjadi selama
temuan tertentu (ketidaksesuaian), kemudian menentukan bagaimana hal
itu terjadi dan memahami mengapa hal itu terjadi.
Analisis akar penyebab lengkap seperti yang digunakan dalam situasi yang
lebih kompleks mengandung tiga komponen kunci yang perlu diterapkan
untuk memastikan analisis yang efektif, yaitu:
43
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
Sejauh mana metode analisis akar masalah digunakan dan tingkat upaya
analisis yang dikeluarkan harus sepadan dengan signifikansi masalah atau
ketidakpatuhan. Saat menentukan alat atau metodologi apa yang sesuai dan
apakah auditee (pemegang AOC) telah teliti dalam analisisnya, Direktorat
Jenderal Perhubungan Udara akan mengandalkan pengetahuan,
pengalaman, dan pertimbangan auditor.
Metodologi manajemen risiko harus digunakan untuk fokus pada area yang
diketahui memiliki efek lebih besar pada keselamatan penerbangan. Ini juga
harus dipertimbangkan terhadap kemampuan operator untuk melakukan
analisis yang efektif dalam situasi yang lebih serius dan kompleks.
44
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
c. Analisis akar masalah pada Formulir Ditjen Perhubungan Udara No. 120-
07
Auditee harus mengidentifikasi dengan benar dan melakukan secara
menyeluruh analisis akar penyebab dari setiap temuan (ketidaksesuaian)
dan ditulis dalam Formulir Ditjen Perhubungan Udara No. 120-07. Analisis
akar penyebab akan dievaluasi oleh Manajer Audit dan anggota Audit,
sebagai persyaratan wajib untuk menutup temuan.
2. Tindakan korektif
Selain itu, setelah temuan diangkat dan akar permasalahan ditentukan, DJPU
akan setuju dengan auditee (pemegang AOC) tentang tindakan korektif
dan/atau rencana tindakan korektif. Auditee (pemegang AOC) yang memiliki
sumber daya dan wewenang untuk melaksanakan tindakan korektif.
Tujuan mendasar dari proses temuan-penyebab-tindakan adalah untuk
beralih dari memperbaiki efek ketidakpatuhan menjadi menghilangkan,
mengubah, atau mengendalikan penyebab masalah, sehingga menerapkan
tindakan korektif dan dalam konteks manajemen risiko keselamatan, tindakan
pencegahan.
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
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SI 8900-6.3
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SI 8900-6.3
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Siapa Bagaimana
Auditor
Auditor SI 8900-
6.3
Auditor SI 8900-
6.3
Auditee
Auditor
Auditee Tentukan
tindakan
per
penyebab
Auditee SI 8900-
6.3
Auditor
Auditee
Auditor
Auditor
48
SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
1. Kelaikudaraan
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SI 8900-6.3
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SI 8900-6.3
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SI 8900-6.3
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SI 8900-6.3
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l. Inspeksi Ramp
Inspeksi Ramp adalah inspeksi terencana yang dilakukan di tanjakan untuk
memverifikasi kepatuhan terhadap standar dan peraturan yang ditetapkan
selama pengoperasian pesawat udara komersial oleh operator. Inspeksi ini
dilakukan oleh tim inspektur penerbangan dari Operasi pesawat udara dan
Kelaikudaraan yang mencakup area masing-masing sesuai checklist
standar.
2. Operasi
Audit, Surveilans, atau Inspeksi Khusus operasi pesawat udara akan meninjau
satu atau lebih area berikut:
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
b. Inspeksi manual.
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SI 8900-6.3
November 2021
1) Sertifikat pendaftaran;
2) Sertifikat Kelaikudaraan;
3) Spesifikasi Operasi & ACL;
4) Catatan Perjalanan Pesawat (Aircraft log book);
5) Izin Stasiun Penerbangan Pesawat Udara;
6) Pengesahan sertifikat Kebisingan atau pernyataan yang sesuai yang
membuktikan sertifikasi kebisingan sebagaimana tercantum dalam
dokumen lain yang disetujui oleh Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan
Udara;
7) Lisensi yang sesuai untuk setiap anggota awak pesawat udara
8) Salinan pengembalian layanan, jika ada, yang berlaku sehubungan
dengan pesawat, atau catatan teknis, sebagaimana berlaku;
9) AFM atau RFM, untuk pesawat terbang atau helikopter;
10) Rencana Penerbangan Operasional;
11) NOTAMS, informasi AIS dan dokumentasi pengarahan Meteorologi;
12) Peta dan bagan saat ini dan yang sesuai untuk rute penerbangan yang
diusulkan atau kemungkinan penerbangan yang dialihkan;
13) Informasi pencarian dan penyelamatan;
14) Untuk penerbangan internasional, salinan prosedur yang
diberitahukan untuk diikuti oleh pilot-in-command dari pesawat
udara, dan sinyal visual yang diberitahukan untuk digunakan oleh
pesawat udara;
15) Manifes penumpang dan kargo;
16) Fotokopi asuransi pesawat
Formulir yang berlaku:
− Formulir Ditjen Perhubungan Udara No.120-31 “Pedoman Evaluasi dan
Persetujuan Operasional”
− Formulir Ditjen Perhubungan Udara No. 120-34 Evaluasi dan
Persetujuan MEL
− Formulir Ditjen Perhubungan Udara No.120-16 “Evaluasi Spesifikasi
Operasi”
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SI 8900-6.3
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d. Kontrol Operasi;
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SI 8900-6.3
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3) Pemeriksa yang menguji siswa yang dilatih oleh pemeriksa itu tanpa
persetujuan;
4) Pemeriksa yang tingkat kesalahan berkas sertifikasinya melebihi 10
persen;
5) Pemeriksa yang menjadi subyek pengaduan masyarakat yang sah; atau
6) Pemeriksa yang pernah terlibat dalam kecelakaan, kejadian, atau
pelanggaran Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Udara (CASR).
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• Keselamatan kabin
• Kondisi dan servis pesawat
• Efektivitas program pelatihan
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l. Inspeksi Ramp
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3) Jaminan keselamatan
• Pemantauan dan pengukuran kinerja keselamatan
• Manajemen perubahan
• Perbaikan terus-menerus dari SMS
4) Promosi keselamatan
• Pelatihan dan pendidikan
• Komunikasi keselamatan
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b. Program audit
Program audit yaitu menyediakan program audit untuk memastikan:
1) Proses perencanaan audit dan sumber daya
2) Proses untuk memastikan masalah signifikan yang timbul dari Sistem
Jaminan Mutu tunduk pada tinjauan manajemen.
3) Sarana untuk menyebarluaskan informasi dari program penjaminan
mutu kepada personel operasional manajemen dan non-manajemen
sebagaimana mestinya untuk memastikan kesadaran organisasi akan
kepatuhan terhadap peraturan yang berlaku dan persyaratan lainnya.
4) Proses perencanaan audit dan sumber daya yang memadai, termasuk
auditor, untuk memastikan audit:
• Dijadwalkan secara berkala untuk memenuhi persyaratan sistem
regulasi dan manajemen;
• Selesai dalam jangka waktu tertentu.
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1. Pengantar
Area Surveilans DJPU serupa dengan area audit, frekuensi area Surveilans
akan dikembangkan berdasarkan analisis berbasis risiko, karakteristik
operator dan laporan audit dan laporan Surveilans sebelumnya.
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3. Frekuensi Surveilans
Minimal, tabel 6-1, 6-2, 6-3 dan 6-4 menggambarkan pemeriksaan tipikal dan
frekuensinya per siklus. Siklus dapat bervariasi untuk tiap operator. Durasi per
siklus surveillance ditentukan berdasarkan hasil analisa risiko yang ada pada
Bab 7 yang bervariasi dengan rentang waktu 6 bulan, 12 bulan, atau 18 bulan
per siklus.
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Komentar:
A : Flag, Domestic and Commuter Operation
B : Supplemental Operation
C. : Charter and others
Klasifikasi Inspeksi:
• Main Base : 1,2,3,4,5,6,7
• Out Base : 9,10,11,12
• Lainnya : 8,13
Yang dimaksud dengan 'kelompok pesawat udara sejenis' adalah sebagai berikut:
• Untuk pesawat turbojet atau turbofan, akan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok,
yaitu “Wide Body Airplane” dan “Narrow Body Airplane”.
• Semua pesawat udara berpenggerak baling-baling, baik yang bertenaga piston
maupun turbin, bermesin tunggal atau bermesin ganda akan masuk dalam
satu kelompok, yaitu “Pesawat Baling-Baling”.
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• Semua helikopter, baik piston atau turbin bertenaga, mesin tunggal atau
multi akan masuk ke dalam satu kelompok, yaitu "Helikopter".
Tabel penjelasan 6-2 untuk Area Nomor 7. Program Pelatihan dan Catatan
Pelatihan (Pilot, Pramugari, dan Petugas Operasi Penerbangan)
• Manual pelatihan yang disetujui yang mencakup semua jenis pelatihan yang
dilakukan oleh masing-masing operator – ground, simulator dan penerbangan
harus ditinjau untuk konten dan kecakapan (currency) dalam waktu 2 (dua)
tahun. Semua usulan modifikasi atau penambahan program pelatihan harus
dilaporkan kepada Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Udara untuk
mendapatkan persetujuan. Satu kursus pelatihan darat (anggota kru atau
petugas operator), dua periode pelatihan simulator (awak pesawat), atau dua
periode pelatihan penerbangan (anggota kru) jika periode pelatihan simulator
tidak tersedia, atau kombinasi dari satu periode pelatihan simulator dan satu
pelatihan penerbangan periode, harus diamati setiap tahun untuk setiap jenis
pesawat kelompok pesawat jenis serupa yang dioperasikan oleh operator. Ini
untuk memastikan kepatuhan terhadap manual pelatihan yang disetujui dan
dengan prosedur dan kebijakan perusahaan.
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Tabel Penjelasan 6-2 untuk Area Nomor 10. Inspeksi Perjalanan Kabin (Cabin
Enroute)
Tabel penjelasan 6-2 untuk Area Nomor 11. Inspeksi fasilitas stasiun;
1. Untuk operator yang memegang AOC 121:
a. Maskapai Penerbangan Domestik dan Flag Carrier: Pemeriksaan Fasilitas
Stasiun wajib dilakukan setiap tahun minimal 3 (tiga) stasiun berbeda
yang digunakan oleh masing-masing operator, atau sebanyak stasiun yang
digunakan oleh operator jika jumlahnya kurang dari 3 (tiga). Pemeriksaan
fasilitas stasiun dapat dilakukan dengan daerah tujuan yang berbeda
(domestik, regional, internasional).
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Tabel Penjelasan 6-2 untuk Area Nomor 13. Pemeriksaan Kecakapan dan
Kompetensi Anggota Kru Penerbangan
1. Untuk operator yang memegang AOC 121: Minimal tiga kali inspeksi setiap
tahun harus dilakukan pada setiap operator. Dalam hal operator memiliki
lebih dari satu kelompok pesawat, jumlah pemeriksaan minimal harus
didistribusikan secara merata pada setiap kelompok.
2. Untuk operator yang memegang AOC 135: Minimal satu kali inspeksi setiap
tahun harus dilakukan pada setiap operator.
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1. PENGANTAR
Tipikal program Surveilans yang dilakukan oleh DKPPU dijelaskan dalam Bab
VI Petunjuk Teknis ini. Frekuensi area Surveilans akan dikembangkan dengan
analisis berbasis risiko, karakteristik operator pesawat udara, laporan audit
dan laporan Surveilans sebelumnya. Analisa ini merupakan salah satu proses
untuk menentukan Surveilans berbasis risiko. Risk Based Surveilans (RBS)
didefinisikan sebagai salah satu cara melakukan Surveilans, dimana
perencanaannya didasarkan pada kombinasi profil risiko dan penyimpangan
yang terjadi; dan berfokus pada pengelolaan risiko, selain memastikan
kepatuhan. Surveilans adalah verifikasi secara kontinyu bahwa persyaratan
yang menjadi dasar penerbitan sertifikat atau persyaratan yang berkaitan
dengan peraturan tersebut terus dipatuhi.
RBS menggabungkan dua proses perencanaan dan pelaksanaan, sebagai
Gambar 7.1, Tinjauan Surveilans Berbasis Risiko.
a. Proses perencanaan yang berasal dari analisa penentuan prioritas kegiatan
yang berlangsung dari data informasi yang tersedia yaitu profil risiko dan
penyimpangan yang terjadi secara keseluruhan, meliputi:
• Spesifik organisasi;
• kompleksitas kegiatannya;
• indikator kinerja keselamatan (SPI)
• hasil pemeriksaan ramp pesawat udara dan Surveilans sebelumnya,
seperti audit/sertifikasi, audit khusus, dan Surveilans;
• Penyimpangan kejadian yang meliputi jumlah kecelakaan/kejadian,
laporan wajib kejadian (MOR), SDR, MISR.
Hal di atas harus dikombinasikan dengan informasi kontekstual yang
berasal dari berbagai sumber, seperti peristiwa yang terisolasi, reorganisasi,
pensiunnya personil kunci, kejadian yang dilaporkan, kesehatan keuangan,
dll. Selain itu, perlu dicatat bahwa hasil yang dihasilkan sangat dinamis.
Panjang siklus dan interval Surveilans dapat berdasarkan oleh ketersediaan
sumber daya. Pendekatan yang mungkin didasarkan berupa panjangnya
siklus Surveilans didasrkan dari profil risikonya; kemudian, untuk setiap
area (misalnya pelatihan, barang berbahaya, sistem manajemen organisasi)
interval audit diturunkan dari evaluasi risiko di area tersebut.
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Gambar 7.1 Tinjauan Surveilans Berbasis Risiko
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(1)
𝐹𝐼𝑑𝑅 = 𝐹𝑐 − 𝐹𝑑 + 𝐹𝑖
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Di mana :
𝐹𝑐 = indikator kepatuhan
𝐹𝑖 = indicator perbaikan
𝐹𝑑 = indikator deviasi
• Indikator Kepatuhan
(2)
𝐹𝑐 = (1 − 𝑥𝑐 ) × 75%
Di mana :
𝑀𝑓
𝑥𝑐 = + 𝜎𝑐
𝑁𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑐𝑘𝑙𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠
𝑛
• Indikator Deviasi
Di mana :
DeviationCategories (𝒀𝒊 )
Accident/Serious Incident/Incident 50%
Service Difficulty Report (SDR) 35%
Mechanical Interruption Summary Report (MISR) 15%
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• Indikator Perbaikan
Di mana :
Indikator risiko dihasilkan dari profil yang dikembangkan dari dan yang
akan digabungkan ke dalam sistem penilaian yang dinyatakan dalam lima
(5) kategori risiko operator pesawat udara berikut sesuai dengan kisaran
skor yang ditentukan oleh inspektur penerbangan selama Surveilans:
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Di mana :
𝐹𝐼𝑑𝐸 = fungsi indikator eksposur
𝑥𝐶𝑅𝑉 = penilaian kriteria
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c. Penentuan frekuensi
Kombinasi indikator risiko dan indikator eksposur digunakan untuk
menentukan frekuensi dan ruang lingkup Surveilans yang harus dilakukan
pada setiap operator penerbangan dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Hal ini
juga digunakan untuk memodifikasi frekuensi dan ruang lingkup RBS
secara real time dan secara terus menerus. Ini dinyatakan dalam Gambar
7.3 Strategi Surveilans Berdasarkan Risiko (Frekuensi Surveilans).
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Mempertaruhkan
frekuensi RBS indikator (FRp)
Indikator eksposur 5 4 3 2 1
(FIDE)
Sangat E 5E 4E 3E 2E 1E
tinggi
Tinggi D 5D 4D 3D 2D 1D
Sedang C 5C 4C 3C 2C 1C
Rendah B 5B 4B 3B 2B 1B
Sangat A 5A 4A 3A 2A 1A
rendah
tingkat
intensitas RBS
Keras Normal dikurangi
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Gambar 7.3 Strategi Surveilans Berdasarkan Risiko (Frekuensi Surveilans)
91