com
Menyajikan
Data
Sabarinah
2023
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Bahasan
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2. Penyajian Teks
Menyajikan narasi berdasarkan hasil statistic deskriptif dan atau statistic inferens,
bersifat kontekstual.
Hindari redundancy dg moda penyajian lain → efisien
Contoh:
https://journal.fkm.ui.ac.id/kesmas/article/view/839/503
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3. Penyajian Tabel
BOX HEAD
STUB Total
BODY TABEL
Catatan:
Sumber Data:
Bagian-bagian Tabel
•Judul
▪ Letak di atas tabel. Ada nomor tabel. Judul merujuk ke angka/figur yg
disajikan. Jelas, singkat, what, when, where
▪Stub
▪ Kolom paling kiri, termasuk kepala kolom tersebut
▪ Memberi keterangan terinci ttg gambaran tiap baris
▪Box head
▪ Termasuk kepala kolom.
▪ Memberi keterangan terinci ttg gambaran tiap kolom
▪Body
▪ Berisi angka-angka
▪Catatan kaki
▪ Keterangan angka, satuan, sumber, dll
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Jenis Tabel
❑Tabel Induk (Master/General Table)
❑Tabel Distribusi Frekuensi
❑Tabel Silang
❑Tabel Rangkuman/summary
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Tabel Master/Induk
No Urut ID Nama Umur Gender Pendidikan Marital
1 321008 Rini 24 P S1 B
2 321009 Budi 23 L S1 B
3 321010 Dina 26 P S2 B
4 321011 Dian 30 L D3 K
5 321012 Rita 25 P S1 K
No Urut ID Jml Pelatihan
6 321013 Ani 24 P D4 B
1 321008 2
7 321014 Atik 27 P S1 K
2 321009 3
8 321015 Tati 30 P S2 K 3 321010 2
9 321016 Badu 28 L D3 K 4 321011 4
10 321017 Dedi 30 L S1 B 5 321012 5
11 321018 Amri 31 L S2 B 6 321013 4
7 321014 3
8 321015 4
9 321016 2
10 321017 4
11 321018 3
Pasien
DBD
Angka 147
= jumlah
pasien
DBD
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Tabel Silang
Sajikan data berasal lebih dari satu variable
Hubungan? relationship, association, correlation, concordance, agreement….
Analisis persentase
◦ Bandingkan kategori baris pada figur % ke kolom
◦ Bandingkan kategori kolom pada figur % ke baris
Tabel silang
Tabel 2. Pasien DBD menurut kelompok umur dan jenis kelamin, di RS A, th 1998
< 20 15 18 33
20-29 11 12 23
30 + 8 10 18
Jumlah 34 40 74
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Analisis persentase
pada tabel silang
Tabel 2. Pasien DBD menurut umur dan jenis kelamin, di RS A, th 1998
30 + 8 (44.4%) 10 18 (100%)
Jumlah 34 40 74
Dari pasien DBD yg berumur <20 th, proporsi laki sebesar 46%.
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Analisis persentase
Kejadian infeksi nosocomial ada 11,6%. Proporsi infeksi nosocomial di unit bedah (12,3%)
hampir sama dengan di unit Penyakit Dalam (11,0%)
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Persentase
apa
menurut
Analisis persentase
kategori
apa?
RUMAH SAKIT
Total
PROFESI RS-1 RS-2 RS-3 RS-4
Dokter 434 87 185 78 784
Dari 55,4 11,1 23,6 9,9 100,0
sampel 40,3 15,3 27,6 17,7 28,4
dokter, 15,7 3,2 6,7 2,8 28,4 Perawat yg
55% Perawat 592 398 357 281 1628 bekerja di
bertugas di 36,4 24,4 21,9 17,3 100,0 RS-1 ada
RS1 54,9 70,1 53,3 63,9 59,1 sebesar
21,5 14,4 13,0 10,2 59,1 21,5%
Dari Non Medis 52 83 128 81 344
sampel
Proporsidi 15,1 24,1 37,2 23,5 100,0
RS1, 40%
dokter di 4,8 14,6 19,1 18,4 12,5
adalah
RS1 1,9 3,0 4,6 2,9 12,5
dokter
sebesar Total 1078 568 670 440 2756
40% 39,1 20,6 24,3 16,0 100,0
100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0
39,1 20,6 24,3 16,0 100,0
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Hepatitis C
Total
PROFESI Negatif Positif
Dokter 775 9 784
98,85 1,15 100,00
28,56 21,43 28,45
28,12 0,33 28,45
Perawat 1602 26 1628
% Hep C
98,40 1,60 100,00
2,5
59,03 61,90 59,07
2
58,13 0,94 59,07
Non Medis 337 7 344 1,5
Tabel
rangkuman/
summary
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Konsep
3 Faktor
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4. Penyajian Grafik
❑ Seni
❑ Sajian u/ cepat ambil kesimpulan
❑ Jangan menyebabkan kesimpulan keliru
❑ Skala seimbang: absis dan ordinat
❑ Dimensi variabel
❑ Warna memperjelas perbandingan
◦ Hitam dan putih
◦ Polos dan bergaris arsir
◦ Warna Gradasi ? 26
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Histogram
Gambar 1. Sebaran ibu menurut umur (tahun)
Distribusi Umur Ibu, Survei Cepat KIA
Di Puskesmas X, tahun 1999
Cianjur, 1995
40
35
n
30
Persen
25
20
15
10
5
0
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 6
Umur (tahun) 5
1
Std. Dev = 197.65
Mean = 837.4
0 N = 18.00
600.0 700.0 800.0 900.0 1000.0 1100.0 1200.0 1300.0
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Histogram
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Poligon
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Luasan yg sama
Poligon
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Ogive
Grafik frekuensi kumulatif
130 – 0 0 100
140 – 6 6 100
150 – 22 28 94
160 – 39 67 72
170 – 25 92 33
180 – 7 99 8
190 - 200 1 100 1
Total 100
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Contoh Ogive
120
80
72
67 <=
60
>=
40
33
28
20
6 8
0 0 1
130 – 140 – 150 – 160 – 170 – 180 – 190 - 200
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Stem and Leaf Plot
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Box-Whisker Plot
Box → Gunakan Q1, Q2, Q3
Untuk identifikasi data outlier → buat batas imajiner:
◦ Pagar dalam (inner fence) = 1,5*IQR dari Q1 atau Q3
◦ Pagar luar (outer fence) = 1,5*IQR dari Pagar dalam
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Q2
Variasi
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OF IF Q1 Q2 Q3 IF OF
Min Max
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Diagram Pie
tidak
ya
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Diagram Pie
Penyebab kematian ibu masih trias klasik:
perdarahan, eklampsi dan infeksi (MoH, 2007)
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Pareto Chart
140 100
Persen
90
120
80
100 70
80 60
50
60
40
Jumlah kasus
40 30
40
36 20
20 Si Si
Si In25fek ste ste 10
ste 18 m m Ne Ke
0 m si pe 10 pe op10 ce0
sir & nc la lak
ku pa rna
la ra fas ern sm aa
si sit an aa a n
n
Penyebab kematian
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Pictograf
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Peta
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Peta
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Grafik ≥ 2 variabel
Variabel 1 Variabel 2 Grafik
Numerik Numerik Diagram Tebar / Scatter plot
Kategorik Kategorik Diagram Balok / Bar plot
Kategorik Numerik Box plot
Interval plot
K/N Waktu Garis – trend
Control chart
K/N > 2 variabel Radar
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Scatter Plot
2D
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Bubble plot
3D
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Box plot
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Box plot
Kepatuhan institusi terhadap standar pelayanan
kesehatan maternal (rataan median total skor faskes)
Bag plot –
Boxplot bivariat
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Bar w/
Whisker
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Interval Plot
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Grafik Radar
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Grafik Garis
450
400 390
350
334
300 307
Target RPJMN
250
228 226
200
150
100 102
Target MDGs
50
0
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Control-Chart 12.06
9.86
Rata-rata (hari)
7.65
Lama perawatan
Rata-rata = 7.65
Rate kematian (per 1000 pasien)
Nomor dokter
40
Sigma level: 3
Kematian (/1000)
Batas atas = 64
20
Rata-rata = 44
0 Batas bawah = 24
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28
Nomor RS
Sigma level: 3
64
6
5
Gambar
4 2D or 3D?
3 Series 1
2 Series 2
Series 3
1
0
Category Category Category Category 5
1 2 3 4
4
3 Series 1
2 Series 2
Series 3
1
0
Category Category Category Category
1 2 3 4
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Sales
Gambar
1st Qtr 2D or 3D ?
2nd Qtr
3rd Qtr
4th Qtr
Sales
1st Qtr
2nd Qtr
3rd Qtr
4th Qtr
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Manfaat:
Memperbaiki kualitas data
Memilih teknik statistic inferens yg
tepat 68
2. Figur Statistik
◦ Ukuran pusat
◦ Ukuran variasi
3. Data hilang 69
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Data hilang
populasi
aaabbbcccdddeee
sampel
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Data hilang
Bagaimana
mengenali data •Distribusi frekuensi tiap variable
hilang?
Tugas kelompok
▪ Dengan data dari semua variable yang sudah dikumpulkan di
kelas (data kelas) dan juga data kelompok (jadi memakai dua
set data, dan ada dua macam hasil), lakukan penyajian data
dengan table dan grafik, serta buat interpretasinya untuk
masing-masing variable (kecuali Identitas). Sila memakai
aplikasi apapun (excel, spss, stata, dll).
▪ Laporan disubmit oleh setiap individu berdasarkan hasil
diskusi kelompok.
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