REACTION
SITI MARYAM
DNA : THE MOLECULE OF LIFE
SEL
DNA
DEVELOPMENT OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
TECHNIQUES
DNA
ISOLATION
PURE DNA
IN-VITRO
MANIPULATION
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
TECHNIQUES
POLIMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR)
Templat DNA
Taq DNA polymerase
dNTP (dATP, dGTP, dTTP, dCTP)
Sepasang primer
Buffer (MgCl2)
Tiga tahap utama dalam PCR
Temperatur
940C
denaturasi
720C
polimerisasi
420C
annealing
Waktu
Step 1 : Denaturation
Step 2 : Primer Anneals (50 - 65° C)
(separation of double-stranded DNA) by Heat (95° C)
View
PCR
A. Double
50º strand DNA
96º B. Denature
50º C. Anneal
primers
Taq
72º D. Polymerase
binds
Taq
1
2
3
4
CYCLE NUMBER AND AMPLICONS
Detection of PCR Product
• End-Point Detection
Detection of PCR product at the end of the PCR
program
Gel Based – electrophoresis (agarose or
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis)
Real-Time Detection
Detection during the PCR program
Gel Electrophoresis
Agarose gel
Spesifisitas tinggi
"Gels used for electrophoresis of nucleic acids and proteins are permeable
This obvious fact didn't dawn on me until I tried to dissolve some agarose
by floating it on a solution of sodium perchlorate and noticed a bead
of liquid form on the top. I reasoned that if DNA molecules were carried
through with the flow it would be possible to capture them on
a nitrocellulose membrane, using the setup shown in the sketch.
The big thrill came when, at the first attempt, I saw genes lit up as
bands after hybridizing with radiolabeled probes.
The Journal of Molecular Biology [initially] rejected the
first manuscript1 as a 'methods paper' and the sketch is
what I sent to people who had heard of the method and
wanted to get on and use it.“