Power Point Case Report Appendicitis
Power Point Case Report Appendicitis
02 Serumen Prop
Predisposisi: Produksi serumen banyak, penggunaan cotton
bud
04 Tinnitus
Serumen impaksi dapat menjadi penyebab tinnitus disertai tuli
konduktif , 2,1% dalam penelitian ACTA.
Case
Identity
“
Adress: Desa Karya Bakti
Masuk Poli: 24 September 2018
“
Tn. G
21 y.o.
Clinical History
Telinga Kanan berdenging sejak ±1 minggu sebelum masuk rumah sakit.
20 x/menit
Kesadaran Temperature
Anamnesis
- Anemia : (-) - Retraksi suprasternal : (-)
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- Sianosis : (-) - Retraksi intercostal : (-)
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- Stridor inspirasi : (-) - Retraksi epigastrial : (-)
Daun Telinga Kanan Kiri Membrana Timpani Kanan Kiri
Vestibulum nasi Sekret (-), Hiperemis (-), Sekret (-), Hiperemis (-), bisul
bisul(-), krusta (-), polip (-) (-), krusta (-), polip (-)
Kavum nasi Sekret (-), hiperemis (-) edema Sekret (-), hiperemis (-) edema
Kavum nasi Sekret (-), hiperemis (-), Sekret (-), hiperemis (-), mukosa (-) mukosa (-)
edema mukosa (-) edema mukosa (-)
Septum nasi Deviasi (-) Deviasi (-) Koana Sulit dinilai Sulit dinilai
Meatus nasi inferior Sekret (-) Sekret (-) Adenoid Sulit dinilai Sulit dinilai
Massa tumor - -
Konka media edema (-), hiperemis (-) edema (-), hiperemis (-)
Meatus nasi media Sekret (-) Sekret (-) Transiluminasi Sinus Kanan Kirii
Sinistra : tonsil T1
Gigi Karies (-)
Plika posterior Hiperemis (-)
Kelenjar ludah Ptyalismus (-)
Mukosa orofaring Hiperemis (-), granula (-)
Laring
Pemeriksaan Hasil Pemeriksaan
Tes rinne - +
Epidermis Prop
Korpus Alineum
Diagnose
“
Tinnitus et causa Serumen Prop “
Mr. H
58 y.o.
Work-Up and Management
TERAPI NON-MEDIKAMENTOSA
TERAPI MEDIKAMENTOSA
Jika serumen lunak, Ear
R/ phenol Glyserol 1-2 gtt
Toilet/ Evakuasi Serumen
2x/hari
KIE
A B
• Menjelaskan mengenai penyakit
yang diderita D MONITORING
• Menjelaskan untuk tidak mengorek C • Pantau KU
telinga dgn cotton bud • Pantau TTV
• Menjaga Personal Hygiene
• Menjaga telinga agar tidak
• Pantau Keluhan Telinga
kemasukan air • Pantau Ear Toilet
• Kurangi penggunaan handsfree
Discussion
TINNITUS?
Insert the title of your subtitle Here
Tinitus adalah salah satu bentuk gangguan pendengaran berupa sensasi suara tanpa
Definisi adanya rangsangan dari luar, dapat berupa sinyal mekanoakustik maupun listrik.
02
Kerusakan N. Vestibulocochlearis
0706 Akibat Obat-obatan
Text Here
Anatomi
&
Fisiologi
Definition & E
pidemiology
Appendicitis is defined as an inflammation of the inner lining
of the vermiform appendix that spreads to its other parts.
This condition is a common and urgent surgical illness with
protean manifestations, generous overlap with other clinical
syndromes, and significant morbidity, which increases with
diagnostic delay.
.
The incidence of appendectomy appears to be declining due
to more accurate preoperative diagnosis.Despite newer
imaging techniques, acute appendicitis can be very difficult to
diagnose. The percentage of misdiagnosed cases of
appendicitis is significantly higher among women than among
Pictorial Explanation
Distention
causing
Ischemia
mucus
obstruction
Distention
Gangrene
-The Rovsing sign—pain in the right lower quadrant when palpatory pressure is exerted in the left lower
quadrant
-Muscular resistance to palpation of the abdominal wall roughly parallels the severity of the inflammatory
process
-obturator sign of hypogastric pain on stretching the obturator internus indicates irritation in the pelvis. The
test is performed by passive internal rotation of the flexed right thigh with the patient supine.
Laboratory Findings
Mild leukocytosis, ranging from 10,000 to 18,000 cells/mm3, usually is
present in patients with acute, uncomplicated appendicitis and often is
accompanied by a moderate polymorphonuclear predominance.
White blood cell counts are variable,however. It is unusual for the
white blood cell count to be >18,000 cells/mm3 in uncomplicated
appendicitis. White blood cell counts above this level raise the
possibility of a perforated appendix with or without an abscess.
Imaging
• Imaging studies: include X-rays, USG, CT
• Xrays of abd are abnormal in 24-95%
• Abnormal findings include: fecalith, appendiceal gas, localized paralytic ileu,
and free air
• Abdominal xrays have limited use b/c the findings are seen in multiple other
processes
• CT: best choice based on availability and alternative diagnoses.
• In one study, CT had greater sensitivity, accuracy, -predictive value
• Even if appendix is not visualized, diagnose can be made with localized fat
stranding in RLQ.
• USG: Low Cost, simple, not invasive, can use for suspect pregnany. In acute
appendicitis showns an intact submucosal layer and fluid-filled lumen
Alvarado’s score
Value Manifestations
1 Migration of pain Symptoms
1 Anorexia
1 Nausea and/or vomiting
2 Right lower quadrant Signs
tenderness
1 Rebound
1 Elevated temperature
2 Leukocytosis Laboratory values
1 Left shift in leukocyte
count
Once the decision to operate for presumed acute appendicitis has
Treatment
been made, the patient should be prepared for the operating room.
Adequate hydration should be ensured, electrolyte abnormalities
should be corrected, and pre-existing cardiac, pulmonary, and renal
conditions should be addressed. A large meta-analysis has
demonstrated the efficacy of preoperative antibiotics in lowering the
infectious complications in appendicitis. Most surgeons routinely
administer antibiotics to all patients with suspected appendicitis
Appendectomy :
1-open appendetomy
2-Laparoscopic appendetomy
Open Appendectomy:
For open appendectomy most surgeons use either a McBurney
Open
(oblique) or Rocky-Davis (transverse) right lower quadrant muscle- Appendectomy
splitting incision in patients with suspected appendicitis. The incision
should be centered over either the point of maximal tenderness or a
palpable mass
Laparoscopy
2. Laparoscopy:
Appendectomy
Laparoscopic appendectomy usually requires the use of Laparoscopy
three ports. Four ports may occasionally be necessary to
mobilize a retrocecal appendix. The surgeon usually stands
to
the patient's left. One assistant is required to operate the
camera. One trocar is placed in the umbilicus (10 mm),
and a second trocar is placed in the suprapubic position.
Some surgeons place this second port in the left lower
quadrant. The suprapubic trocar is either 10 or 12 mm,
depending on whether or not a linear stapler will be used.
The placement of the third trocar (5 mm) is variable and
usually is either in the left lower quadrant, epigastrium, or
right upper quadrant.
The mortality from appendicitis in the United States has
steadily decreased from a rate of 9.9 per 100,000 in 1939
PROGNOSIS
to
0.2 per 100,000 today. Among the factors responsible are
advances in anesthesia, antibiotics, IV fluids, and blood
products. Principal factors influencing mortality are whether
rupture occurs before surgical treatment and the age of the
patient. The overall mortality rate in acute appendicitis with
rupture is approximately 1%. The mortality rate of
appendicitis with rupture in the elderly is approximately 5%
—a five
fold increase from the overall rate. Death is usually
attributable to uncontrolled sepsis peritonitis, intra-
abdominal
abscesses, or gram-negative septicemia. Pulmonary
embolism continues to account for some deaths.
Case Analyzes
Summary Analyzes
Mr. H 58 y.o.
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