Farm-Klin
Disusun oleh
Kelompok 1 kelas B :
Farmasi
Friska Raulina S. 19340274
Astri Herliansi A. K. 21340051
Diana Karina 21340052
Hermila Nopianti 21340053
Rumah Sakit
Zikra Fajri Nurta 21340054
Rizky Wulandari 21340055
Fitri Ruli Aslamah 21340056
Rendy Bagus Sulistiyono 21340057
Dwi Gita Marinka 21340058
Handling Cytotoxic
Feby Hardianti 21340059
Lusiana Berti 21340060
Hasiana Karwila 21340061
Oktavia Prajawatia Paalloan 21340062
HANDLING CYTOTOXIC
Definisi
Senyawa sittoksik
Senyawa sittoksik adalah suatu senyawa atau zat yang dapat merusak dan sel
normal dan juga sel kanker, serta digunakan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan
Senyawa dari sel tumor maliginan.
sittoksik
Obat sitotoksik
Obat sitotoksik adalah agen yang ditujukan untuk terapi, khususnya pada
pengobatan kanker. Obat ini diketahui sangat beracun bagi sel-sel, terutama
Obat melalui tindakannya pada reproduksi sel.
sitotoksik
Handling cytotoxic drugs
Handling cytotoxic drugs adalah penanganan penggunaan obat sitostatika. Hal ini
perlu dilakukan karena obat ini dikenal sangat beracun untuk sel, terutama melalui
tindakan mereka pada reproduksi sel. Banyak yang terbukti menjadi karsinogen,
Handling mutagen atau teratogen.
cytotoxic drugs
Peran Farmasi dalam Implementasi Handling Cytotoxic
Penyiapan
Pencampuran
1 2 3 4
Mengambil alat kesehatan dan Melakukan desinfeksi sarung Menyiapkan tempat buangan Menyiapkan meja BSC dengan
bahan obat dari passbox. tangan dengan menyemprot sampah khusus bekas sediaan memberi alas sediaan
alkohol 70%. sitostatika sitostatika
Next
slide
8 7 6 5
Pencampuran…
Membungkus dengan kantong
hitam atau aluminium foil
Meletakkan alat kesehatan dan Melakukan pencampuran Memberi label yang sesuai
untuk obat-obat yang harus
bahan obat yang akan sediaan sitostatika secara pada setiap infus dan spuit
terlindung cahaya.
dilarutkan di atas meja BSC. aseptis. yang sudah berisi sediaan
sitostatika
9 10 11 12
Menanggalkan APD sesuai Mengeluarkan wadah untuk Memasukan infus untuk spuit Membuang semua bekas
prosedur tetap pengiriman yang telah berisi yang telah berisi sediaan pencampuran obat kedalam
sediaan jadi melalui pass box. sitostatika ke dalam wadah wadah pembuangan khusus.
untuk pengiriman.
16 15 14 13
PEMBUANGAN SITOSTATIK
Prosedur
Gunakan Alat pelindung Diri
Penanganan
Limbah
Tempatkan limbah pada kontainer buangan tertutup. Untuk
Sitotoksik benda-benda tajam seperti syringe, vial, ampul, tempatkan di
dalam kontainer yang tidak tembus benda tajam, untuk limbah
lain tempatkan dalam kantong berwarna dan berlogo cytotoxic.
Alat ini dapat memusnahkan banyak materi, 1.Gunakan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD).
khususnya yang mengandung karbon dan 2.Tempatkan limbah pada wadah buangan
bakteri patogen, dapat mereduksi volume tertutup. Untuk bendabenda tajam seperti spuit,
limbah sekitar 80-90%, panas yang dihasilkan vial, ampul, tempatkan di dalam wadah yang
juga dapat dimanfaatkan kembali untuk tidak tembus benda tajam, untuk limbah lain
menghasilkan uap Akan tetapi, alat ini dapat tempatkan dalam kantong berwarna (standar
menghasilkan emisi gas yang mencemari udara, internasional warna ungu) dan berlogo sitostatika
terutama digoksin dan fluran yang oleh WHO 3.Beri label peringatan pada bagian luar wadah.
dinyatakan karsinogenik. Hal tersebut berarti 4.Bawa limbah ke tempat pembuangan
bahwa belum ditemukannya solusi terbaik untuk menggunakan troli tertutup.
penangan limbah, khususnya pada limbah 5. Musnahkan limbah dengan incenerator
sitotoksik yang sangat jelas dapat mencemari 1000ºC.
lingkungan dan membahayakan kehidupan 6. Cuci tangan.
mahkluk hidup lain.
Penanganan Kecelakaan Kerja pada HC
1. Membersihkan tumpahan di luar BSC dalam 2. Membersihkan tumpahan di dalam
ruang steril BSC
• Meminta pertolongan, jangan tinggalkan area sebelum diizinkan. • Serap tumpahan dengan kassa untuk tumpahan cair atau
• Beri tanda peringatan di sekitar area.
handuk basah untuk tumpahan serbuk.
• Petugas penolong menggunakan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) • Tanggalkan sarung tangan dan buang, lalu pakai 2 pasang
• Angkat partikel kaca dan pecahan-pecahan dengan
sarung tangan baru.
menggunakan alat seperti sendok dan tempatkan dalam kantong
• Angkat hati-hati pecahan tajam dan serpihan kaca sekaligus
buangan. dengan alas kerja/ meja/ penyerap dan tempatkan dalam
• Serap tumpahan cair dengan kassa penyerap dan buang dalam
wadah buangan.
kantong tersebut. • Cuci permukaan, dinding bagian dalam BSC dengan
• Serap tumpahan serbuk dengan handuk basah dan buang dalam
detergent, bilas dengan aquadestilata menggunakan kassa.
kantong tersebut. Buang kassa dalam wadah pada buangan.
• Cuci seluruh area dengan larutan detergent.
• Ulangi pencucian 3 x.
• Bilas dengan aquadest. • Keringkan dengan kassa baru, buang dalam wadah
• Ulangi pencucian dan pembilasan sampai seluruh obat terangkat.
buangan.
• Tanggalkan glove luar dan tutup kaki, tempatkan dalam kantong • Tutup wadah dan buang dalam wadah buangan akhir.
pertama.
• Tanggalkan APD dan buang sarung tangan, masker, dalam
• Tutup kantong dan tempatkan pada kantong kedua.
wadah buangan akhir untuk dimusnahkan dengan
• Tanggalkan pakaian pelindung lainnya dan sarung tangan dalam, inscenerator.
tempatkan dalam kantong kedua.
• Cuci tangan.
• Ikat kantong secara aman dan masukan dalam tempat
penampung khusus untuk dimusnahkan dengan incenerator.
• Cuci tangan.
Your Picture Here
Fasilitas Handling
Cytotoxic
Ruang tidak ada sudut atau siku Aliran udara diketahui dan
terkontrol
Penanganan sitostatika memerlukan ruangan khusus dan terkontrol. Letak ruangan diusahakan tidak untuk lalu lintas orang. Ruangan ini terdiri dari:
1. Ruang persiapan
Digunakan untuk kegiatan administrasi (perhitungan dosis dan volume cairan, pembuatan etiket, pelabelan) dan penyiapan bahan obat serta
alat kesehatan yang dibutuhkan.
3. Ruang antara
Petugas masuk ke clean room melalui ruang antara atau ruang penyangga udara. Ruangan ini diatur dengan tepat sehingga hanya satu pintu
pada satu sisi saja yang dapat dibuka pada saat yang bersamaan.
Lanjutan...
5. Jumlah partikel terkontrol. Jumlah partikel berukuran 0,5 mikron tidak lebih dari 350.000 partikel per meter kubik udara, jumlah
mikroorganisme tidak lebih dari 100 per meter kubik udara.
6. Konstruksi khusus seperti dinding, langit-langit dan lantai tidak bersudut, tidak retak, dan dilapisi dengan bahan yang mudah
dibersihkan dan kedap air untuk mengurangi penyebaran atau penumpukan partikel. Sebaiknya tidak ada bagian ruangan yang
tersembunyi dan sukar dibersihkan.
7. Suhu dan kelembaban terkontrol. Suhu berkisar 18-28ºC dan kelembaban 35-50% untuk menjaga agar petugas tetap nyaman dalam
ruangan dengan pakaian kerjanya dan tidak berkeringat secara berlebihan. Di dalam ruangan tersedia termometer serta barometer untuk
mengukur suhu dan kelembaban ruangan dan dicatat setiap hari.
8. Barang dalam ruangan diusahakan seminimal mungkin dan mudah dibersihkan.
9. Dilengkapi High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter untuk menyaring udara yang keluar dan masuk ruangan. HEPA filter
merupakan penyaring dengan efisiensi yang sangat tinggi (99,97-99,99%).
10. Tekanan udara di dalam ruangan lebih positif daripada tekanan udara di ruang sekitarnya.
11. Terdapat pass box yang menghubungkan ruang persiapan dengan clean room. Pass box merupakan tempat untuk keluar masuknya alat
dan obat dari clean room sebelum dan sesudah pencampuran. Idealnya, pass box dilengkapi dengan vakum dan lampu UV untuk
meminimalisasi kontaminasi.
12. Tersedia alat komunikasi (interkom) dan sebaiknya dirancang agar mudah dibersihkan
Thank You
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