REFLUKS

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Table of contents

01 Pengertian 02 Prinsip Metode

Kelebihan dan
03 Alat 04 Kekurangan
Pengertian
Refluks merupakan ekstraksi dengan pelarut pada temperatur titik didihnya, selama waktu tertentu dan jumlah pelarut yang
relative konstan dengan adanya pendinginan balik. Ekstraksi refluks digunakan untuk mengekstraksi bahan-bahan yang tahan
terhadap pemanasan (Sudjadi,1986)

Faktor yang mempengaruhi proses ekstraksi diantaranya jumlah pelarut dan waktu ekstraksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan
mengetahui jumlah pelarut dan waktu ekstraksi yang optimum menggunakan metode refluks.

Ekstraksi merupakan proses suatu zat atau beberapa dari suatu padatan atau cairan
dengan bantuan pelarut. Pemisahan terjadi atas dasar kemampuan larutan yang berbeda dari komponen-komponen tersebut.
Ekstraksi biasa digunakan untuk memisahkan dua zat berdasarkan perbedaankelarutan. Bahan diperiksa untuk menemukan
kelompok senyawa kimia tertentu, misalnyaalkaloid, flavonoid atau saponin, meskipun struktur kimia sebetulnya dari senyawa
ini bahkankeberadaannya belum diketahui (Mandiri, 2013)
 Prinsip Metode
Prinsip dari metode refluks adalah pelarut yang digunakan akan menguap pada suhu
tinggi, namun akan didinginkan dengan kondensor sehingga pelarut yang tadinya
dalam bentuk uap akan mengembun pada kondensor dan turun lagi ke dalam wadah
reaksi sehingga pelarut akan tetap ada selama reaksi berlangsung.
Sedangkan aliran gas N2
 diberikan agar tidak ada uap air atau gas oksigen yang masuk terutama pada senyawa
organologam untuk sintesissenyawa anorganik karena sifatnya reaktif (Sudjadi,
1986).
Alat
Concepts

Kelebihan Kekurangan
• Kelebihan metode refluks tidak Kerugian metode refluks adalah
memerlukan waktu yang lama untuk
membutuhkan volume total
mengekstrak zat aktif dalam sampel
karena pengaruh pemanasan. pelarut yang besar dan
• Digunakan untuk mengekstrasi sampel sejumlah manipulasi dari
sampel yang mempunyai tekstur kasar operator.
dan tahan pemanasan langsung.
 Kelebihan dan Kekurangan

Kerugian metode refluks adalah

membutuhkan volume total pelarut
yang besar dan sejumlah manipulasi
dari operator.
01

Terima Kasih
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 DAFTAR PUSTAKA

● Saryanaa Ryan Vanly, Dkk (2014) Perbandingan Aktivitas Antioksidan Dari Tongkol Jagung (Zea
mays L.) Segar dan Kering Dengan Metode Refluk Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA, Unsrat, Manado dapat
diakses melalui http://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/jmuo
● Muslich (2020) Pemulihan Minyak Sawit Dari Spent Bleaching Earth Dengan Metode Ekstraksi
Refluks Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian 30 (1):90-99 (2020) DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24961/j.tek.ind.pert.2020.30.1.90 ISSN: 0216-3160 EISSN: 2252-3901
● Apriliana Anita (2020) PERBANDINGAN METODE MASERASI DAN REFLUKS
TERHADAP RENDEMEN EKSTRAK DAUN SELUTUI PUKA (Tabernaemontana Macrocarpa
Jack)
● Dosen Kopertis Wil I NAD-Sumut dpk Universitas Prima Indonesia (UNPRI) Medan e-mail :
nau_shila@yahoo.com 2011 SKRINING SENYAWA KIMIA DAN PENGARUH METODE
MASERASI DAN REFLUKS PADA BIJI KELOR (Moringa Oleifera, Lamk) TERHADAP
RENDEMEN EKSTRAK YANG DIHASILKAN
● Kusnadi (2017) ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA FLAVANOID PADA EKSTRAK
DAUN SELEDRI (Apium graveolens L.) DENGAN METODE REFLUKS Pancasakti Science
Education Journal http://e-journal.ups.ac.id/index.php/psej email: adminpsej@upstegal.ac.id
● Susanty Dkk (2016) PERBANDINGAN METODE EKSTRAKSI
MASERASI DAN REFLUKS TERHADAP KADAR FENOLIK DARI
EKSTRAK TONGKOL JAGUNG (zea mays L.) Perbandingan Metode
Ekstraksi Maserasi dan Refluks terhadap Kadar Fenolik dari Ekstrak
Tongkol Jagung (Zea mays L.) (Susanty, Fairus Bachmid)
● Suhendy Hendy dkk, (2021) PENGARUH METODE MASERASI
DAN REFLUKS TERHADAP TOTAL FENOL DAN FLAVONOID
DARI DUA VARIETAS UMBI UBI JALAR (ipomoea batatas L.)
Suhendy, et al./Pharmacoscript, Volume 4, No, 1, Februari 2021, 98-
108
 LAMPIRAN
1.
Main ideas and details

Topic

Mercury Venus Mars

It’s the closest planet to the Venus has a beautiful name Despite being red, Mars is
Sun and the smallest one in and is the second planet from actually a cold place. It’s full
the Solar System the Sun of iron oxide dust
 “
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Enter
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 What is this topic about

Mercury Venus Mars

It’s the closest planet to the Venus has a beautiful name Despite being red, Mars is
Sun and the smallest one in and is the second planet from actually a cold place. It’s full
the Solar System the Sun of iron oxide dust
 Four subject

Venus Jupiter
Venus is the second planet A B It’s the biggest planet in
from the Sun the Solar System

Mars Saturn
Despite being red, Mars is
C D Saturn is a gas giant and
a cold place has several rings
150,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
 386,000 km 9h 55m 23s
Distance between Earth This is Jupiter’s rotation
and the Moon period

333,000
The Sun’s mass
compared to Earth’s
Examples

Mars Mercury
Despite being red, Mars is Mercury is the closest
a cold place. It’s full of planet to the Sun and the
iron oxide dust smallest one

Jupiter Venus
It is a gas giant, and also It has a beautiful name and
the biggest planet in the is the second planet from
Solar System the Sun
 How it can improve your work

25% 30% 75%

Mercury Saturn Venus

Mercury is the closest planet Saturn is a gas giant and has Venus is the second planet
to the Sun several rings from the Sun
Brainstorm and idea generation
Idea 1
Topic 1
Idea 2
Main idea
Idea 3
Topic 2
Idea 4
Question and answer

Question:
Is Saturn a gas giant and has
several rings? Is it composed Answer:
mostly of hydrogen and
Neptune is the farthest planet
helium?
from the Sun. It's the fourth-
largest object in the Solar
System
A picture is worth a
thousand words
 Work in a
smart way
Images reveal large amounts
of data, so remember: use an
image instead of a long text.
Your audience will appreciate
it
Steps to help your computer skill

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4

Mars Mercury Saturn Venus

Despite being red, Mercury is the Saturn is a gas Venus is the second
Mars is actually closest planet to the giant and has planet from the Sun
cold Sun several rings
Recommendations

Mercury Venus Mars

Mercury is the closest Venus has a beautiful Despite being red, Mars is
planet to the Sun name, but it’s so hot a cold place

Jupiter Saturn Neptune

It’s the biggest planet in Saturn is composed of Neptune is the farthest
the Solar System hydrogen and helium planet from the Sun
 A
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Exercise
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Cause and effect

Mercury Venus Mars

Mercury is the Venus is the Despite being red,
closest planet to second planet Mars is a cold
the Sun from the Sun place

Problem
Jupiter Saturn Neptune
Jupiter is the It’s composed of Neptune is the
biggest planet of hydrogen and farthest planet
them all helium from the Sun
 Parts and whole

The whole object The function

Mercury is the closest Part of object Earth is the third planet
planet to the Sun and the ● Mercury from the Sun and the only
smallest one in the Solar ● Mars one that harbors life in the
System ● Saturn Solar System
● Venus
Some data to support the fact

Mercury
Mercury is the smallest
planet

Venus
Venus is the second
planet from the Sun

Follow the link in the graph to

modify its data and then paste the
new one here. For more info,
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More data to support the fact
Mercury
Mercury is the
closest planet to the
Mars 36% Sun

Despite being red,

Mars is a very cold 41%
place
Saturn
Saturn is a gas
giant and has
23% several rings
Classifying

Mars Venus Mercury Jupiter

● Small ● Small ● Small ● Large

● Red ● Hot ● Hot ● Cold
● Cold ● Dry ● Rocky ● Grassy
● Rocky ● Vulcanic ● Cratered ● Stripped

Mars is actually a very It’s the second planet Mercury is the Jupiter is the biggest
cold place from sun smallest planet planet
Sequence

Venus Mars
01 Venus is the second planet 02 Despite being red, Mars is
from the Sun a cold place

Jupiter Saturn
03 It’s the biggest planet in 04 Saturn is a gas giant and
the Solar System has several rings
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Mercury
Mercury is the closest planet to
the Sun and the smallest planet in
the Solar System
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