Kolom Destilasi
Memurnikan Metanol 99,85 %
: Sieve-tray
Nama Alat
Fungsi
Jenis
Kode Alat
D-401
Bentuk
Bahan konstruksi
Jumlah
: 1 unit
: CH3OH
: H2O
Thermodynamic Properties
Komponen
CH3OH
H 2O
A
18,5875
18,3036
B
3626,55
3816,44
C
-34,29
-46,13
Persamaan Antoine, ln P =
Neraca Massa Molar pada Distilasi
Komponen
CH3OH
H2O
Total
1<
Feed, F
Nf
Xif
26219,9 0,090991
147340,2 0,909009
173560,1
1,000
Distilat, D
Nd
Yid
26180,57 0,9985
221,0103 0,0015
26401,58 1,000
Bottom, W
Nw
Xiw
39,32985
0,0015
147119,2
0,9985
147158,5
1,000
Kondisi Operasi
= 1 atm
T dew point
= 64,98 oC = 338,1348 K
T bubble point
= 92,055 oC = 365,205 K
a<Destilat
T dew point
= 338,1348 K, P = 1 atm
Komponen
Yi
Pi (mmHg)
Ki
Yi/Ki
Yi/i
CH3OH
0,9985
774,413707
1,0056
0,99285
4,129
0,241802862
H2O
0,0015
1,000
187,5367556
0,2435
0,006159
0,0015
Total
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
b. Bottom
T bubble point = 365,205 K
Komponen
Xi
Pi (mmHg)
Ki
KiXi
CH3OH
0,0015
2055,682532
0,889824965
0,005405
3,61715583
H 2O
0,9985
568,3146176
0,24600128
0,994595
Total
1,000
1,000
D = 830,421kmol/jam
XLF = 0,01
XLD = 0,9985
XLW = 0,0015
XHF = 0,9
XHD = 0,0015
XHW = 0,9985
Lav =
W = 817,451kmol/jam
(Geankoplis, 1995)
=
= 3,864
Nm =
= 9,61 10 tray
3. Menentukan Rm
Dilakukan trial nilai seperti berikut :
q=1
= 3,213905
Komponen
CH3OH
H2O
Total
xiF
0,090991
0,909009
1,000
xiD
0,9985
0,0015
1,000
Pi
7439,59
2421,72
Ki
2,58
0,84
i
3,07
1
xiW
0,0015
0,9985
1,000
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
Rm+1
= 4,5031
Rm
= 3,5031
= 1,5 x 3,5031
= 5,25
N-Nm/N+1 = 0,385
N-Nm = 0,385N + 0,385
Nm = 9,61
N = 16 15 tray 1 reboiler
= 18,75 19 tray
= 0,4098
Nr/Ns
= 2,569
Nr
= 2,569 Ns
= Nr + Ns
= 2,569 Ns + Ns
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
16
= 3,568 Ns
Ns
= 4,55
Nr
= 11,7 12
= Lo / D
Lo
=RxD
= 18429,2 kg/jam
V1
= Lo + D
=18429,2 kg/jam + 18939,4 kg/jam
= 37368,6 kg/jam
Komponen
CH3OH
H 2O
Total
F (kg/jam)
18877,35
62,045
18939,4
F (kmol/jam)
589,91
3,44
593,36
BM
32
18
x
0,996
0,004
1,000
Mr av
31,895
0,058
31,954
= = 0,9731 kg/m3
Densitas Cairan
Komponen A
Metanol
0,2719
7
B
0,2719
2
n
0,233
1
Tc
512,5
8
(gr/ml)
(kg/m3)
748,907
0,74890742
4
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
Laju volumetrik
= 169686,0368 m3/jam = 47,135 m3/detik
= 0,0302
(Coulson, 1999)
(Coulson, 1999)
Surface tension ()
Sigma = A(1-T/Tc)n
Komponen
CH3OH
A
68,329
Tc
512,58
n
1,2222
(N/m)
0,046787344
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
Korelasi K1
= Kcorr =
= 0,0948
= 2,628 m/s
Asumsi flooding = 80 %
Uf = 2,628 m/s x 80%
(Coulson, 1999)
= 2,1029m/s
(Coulson, 1999)
= V1 + (1-q)F
= 165134,1228 kg/jam
L1
= Lo + qF
= 312292,6623 kg/jam
Cairan
Komponen
Tc
(gr/ml)
(kg/m3)
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
H2O(h)
0,3471
0,274
Gas
Komponen
CH3OH (l)
0,28571
647,13
0,963579649
BM
v (vapour
density) (g/m3)
x top
32
0,004805587
0,0015
963,579649
v (vapour
density)
(kg/m3)
4,805586573
Laju volumetrik
= 64985,3369 m3/jam
= 0,13375
(Coulson, 1999)
(Fig. 11.27 Coulson, 1999)
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
Surface tension ()
Sigma = A(1-T/Tc)n
Komponen
H2O
A
132,674
Tc
647,13
n
0,955
(N/m)
0,048154863
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
Korelasi K1
= Kcorr =
= 0,065
= 0,9261 m/s
Asumsi flooding = 80 %
Uf = 0,9261 m/s x 80%
(Coulson, 1999)
= 0,7049 m/s
(Coulson, 1999)
Diameter menara
ID = = 5,93 m
(Brownell, 1959)
= 1 atm = 14,891 psia
= 12650 psia
E = 0,8
C = 0,125 in
ts = 0,367 in
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
(Brownell, 1959)
th
=0,554 in
(Brownell, 1959)
= 5,696 m
Area kolom, Ac
= 25,469 m2
Area downcomer, Ad
= 3,056 m2
Area net, An
= Ac Ad = 22,413 m2
Area aktif, Aa
= Ac 2Ad = 19,357 m2
Hole area, Ah
= 1,9357 m2
(Ad/Ac)100%
= 12
lw/Dc
= 0,76
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
lw = 4,32 m
Asumsi :
Weir height, hw = 0,05 m
Hole diameter, dh = 0,005 m
Plate thickness = 0,005 m
(Coulson, 1999)
= 70 %
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
Max hw
= 56,71 mm
Min how =
= 44,71
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
= 8,357m/s
Kecepatan uap minimum aktual
Kesimpulan terjadi weeping karena kec uap min aktual < uh (min)
11. Pressure Drop
Kecepatan uap max melewati lubang:
uh =
uh = 24,35 m/s
Tebal plate/ diameter hole = 1
= 10
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
0,845
= 55,69 mm
Residual head, hr :
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
ht = hd + hr + (hw + how)
= 173,81 mm
= hw 10
= 46,7172 mm
13.Downcomer Bak Up
hb = ht + hdc + (hw + how)
= 275,245 mm
Tray spacing dapat diterima karena hb < (tray spacing + panjang weir)
Residence time tidak bisa diterima karena direkomendasikan > 3 detik (Couldson,
vol 6, 1999)
15.Check Entrainment
Pra-Rancangan Pabrik Metanol dari TKSKelompok 3/S. Ganjil 2013-2014
By
Ferdianesa Tarigan
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
16.Perforated Area
lw/dc
= 0,76
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
2,9
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
17.Jumlah Hole
Area satu hole
= 3,14 x dh2
= 0,0000785 m2
Jumlah hole
=
= 24658 buah
OA = th + b + sf
Berdasarkan Tabel 5.6 dan 5.8, Brownell and Young [1959] untuk OD = 225,005 in
diperoleh:
icr = in
Pra-Rancangan Pabrik Metanol dari TKSKelompok 3/S. Ganjil 2013-2014
By
Ferdianesa Tarigan
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
= 180 in
sf = 2 in
AB =
= 111,002 in
BC = r icr
= 178,875 in
AC=
= 140,266 in
b
= r - AC
= 39,73 in
OA= th + b + sf
= 42,35 in
= 1,075 m
= 21
= 0,005 m
OA
= 0,745 m
(Coulson, 2005)
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
1,15
H
=
12,28
m
g
=
9,81
m/s2
ts
=
0,009
m
m
=
7750,37
kg/m3
D
=
5,696
m
Dm = (Di +t ) =
5,705
m
Wv
=
238,7
N
Wind Loads (tall vessel) / Pengaruh Angin di Setiap Tinggi Distilasi
(Coulson, 2005)
W
238,7 N
148,85 M
Mx =
35530,499 N/m2
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
28
39,2
1876,85
Km/jam
N/m2
lb/ft2
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
12,38
40,027
0,5
1,6404
6,35
20,83
3,74
12,26
921578
m
ft
m
ft
m
ft
m
ft
V = Pw x D1,2 x H1,2 =
,95 lb
M = Pw x D 1,2 x H 1,2
192000 ft
x h =
MT = M x h1/2 x (v-0,5
012,95 lb
3,6082 ft
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
Pw x h ) =
S
=
E
=
x 1014 lb
10350
psi
0,8
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
5,696 m
Ke kondeser
12 ,61 m
Dari kondenser
Feed
Dari reboiler
0,231 m
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved
Ke reboiler
Checked
Ummy Aisyah Rochaeni
Resti Ossi P
Prio Widodo
Approved