INDUSTRI FORMALDEHID

CH3OH

= .....Kg

CO2 = ..Kg = ..%

N2 = ..Kg = ..%
O2 = ..Kg = ..%
H2 = .. Kg = ..%

SCRUBBER
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg

= .....Kg
= .....Kg

= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg

CH3OH
CH2O
H2O

ALCOHOL STRIPPER

CH3OH
N2
O2
CH2O
H2
CO2
H2O

H2O
CH3OH

CO2
N2
O2
H2
CH3OH

LIGHT AND STRIPPER

= 1040 Kg
= 1737,96 Kg
= 528
Kg
= 3305,96 Kg

CATALYTIC REACTOR

H2O = .....Kg

CH3OH
N2
O2
Total

(Untuk Recycle)

= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg

CH2O
H2O

= .....Kg
= .....Kg

Gambar 1.Diagram Alir Industri Formaldehid

Basis :

CH3OH = 1.04 ton

Udara

= 1760 Nm3

Data kuantatif :

CH3OH =

Udara

: 1760 Nm3

103 L 1 grmol 1 kmol

konversi : 1760 Nm
= 78.57 kmol
Nm 3 22,4 L 1000 grmol
3

O2 =

N2 =

CH3OH
N2
O2

= 1040 Kg
= 1737.98 Kg
= 528
Kg

CATALYTIC REACTOR

1. Catalytic Reactor

CH3OH
N2
O2
CH2O
H2O
CO2
H2

= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg

Input :

CH3OH = 32.5 kmol

O2

= 16.50 kmol

N2

= 62.07 kmol

Output :

Basis 1 ton Formaldehid dengan kemurnian 70%

CH2O

= 23,33 Kgmol

H2O

= 16,67 Kgmol

Dalam katalitik reaktor terjadi reaksi utama dan reaksi samping. H2O yang berasal
dari reaksi diasumsikan sebesar 80% dari H2O keseluruhan produk.

CH3OH

O2

CH3OH
2CH3OH

+ O2

M:

32.5

16.50

R:

23.33

S:

9.17

H2O

yang

HCHO

H2O

HCHO

H2O

2HCHO +

H2O

H2

5.83

23.33

11.66

11.16 kmol

10.57

23.33

11.66

11.16 kmol

terbentuk

dari

reaksi

samping

13,33

Kgmol

= 1,67 Kgmol
CH3OH + 3/2 O2

2H2O

+ CO2

M:

9.17

10.57

kmol

R:

0.83

1.25

1.67

0.83

kmol

S:

8.34

9.42

1.67

0.83

kmol

Neraca Massa pada Catalitic Reactor

KOMPONEN
CH3OH
O2
N2
HCHO

INPUT (Kg)
1040

OUTPUT (Kg)
267

528

301.4

1737.98
-

1737.98
699.9

H 2O

239.9

CO2

36.5

H2
TOTAL

3305.98

23.3
3305.98

kmol

11,66

Kgmol

CATALYTIC REACTOR

CH3OH
N2
O2
TOTAL

= 1040 Kg
= 1737.98 Kg
= 528
Kg
= 3305.98Kg

CH3OH
N2
O2
CH2O
H2O
CO2
H2
TOTAL

= 267
Kg
= 1737.98Kg
= 301.4 Kg
= 699.9 Kg
= 239.9 Kg
= 36.5
Kg
= 23.3
Kg
= 3305.98 Kg

2. Light End Stripper

CH3OH
N2
O2
CH2O
H2O
CO2
H2

LIGHT AND STRIPPER

Pada tangki Light end Stripper terjadi proses pemisahan yang diakibatkan fase senyawa yang
berbeda akibat pemanasan. Dengan demikian seluruh gas seperti O2, N2, CO2, dan H2 dipisahakan
dari komponen HCHO, H2O dan CH3OH. Komponen yang berupa gas keluar pada bagian atas
tangki Ligh End stripper, sedangkan komponen lainnya keluar pada bagian bawah tangki. Namun
pada saat pemanasan terjadi ternyataCH3OH ikut menguap ke udara.

= 267
Kg
= 1737.98Kg
= 301.4 Kg
= 699.9 Kg
= 239.9 Kg
= 36.5
Kg
= 23.3
Kg

Komponen atas (Top) :

O2
= 301.4
N2
= 1737.98
CO2
= 36.5
H2
= 23.3
CH3OH = 267
Total
= 2366,18

kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg

Komponen bawah (Bottom):

HCHO = 699.9 kg
H2O

= 239.9 kg

Total

= 939.9 Kg

N2
O2
CO2
H2
CH3OH

= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg

CH2O
H2O

= .....Kg
= .....Kg

Neraca Massa Pada Light End Stripper

OUTPUT(Kg)
KOMPONEN

INPUT (Kg)

CH3OH

TOP

BOTTOM

267

267

O2

301.4

301.4

N2

1737.98

1737.98

HCHO

699.9

699.9

H2O

239.9

239.9

CO2

36.5

36.5

H2

23.3

23.3

3305.98

2366,18

939.8

TOTAL

3305.98

= 267
Kg
= 1737.98Kg
= 301.4 Kg
= 699.9 Kg
= 239.9 Kg
= 36.5
Kg
= 23.3
Kg
= 3305.98Kg

LIGHT AND STRIPPER

CH3OH
N2
O2
CH2O
H2O
CO2
H2
TOTAL

N2
O2
CO2
H2
CH3OH
TOTAL

= 1737.98Kg
= 301.4 Kg
= 36.5 Kg
= 23.3 Kg
= 267 Kg
= 2366.18Kg

CH2O
H2O
TOTAL

= 699.9 Kg
= 239.9 Kg
= 939.8 Kg

3. Scrubber

H2O

= .....Kg

= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg

SRUBBER

N2
O2
CO2
H2

H2O
CH3OH

N2
O2
CO2
H2
CH3OH
TOTAL
= .....Kg
= .....Kg

= 1737.98Kg
= 301.4 Kg
= 36.5 Kg
= 23.3 Kg
= 267 Kg
= 2366.18Kg

Pada Scrubber, terjadi proses penyerapan CH3OH yang ikut menguap bersama gas-gas yang
akan dilepas. Disini di gunakan air sebagai media penyerap. Gas yang di serap adalah gas yang
bermanfaat, sedangkan gas yang tidak di serap akan di keluarkan pada bagian atas tangki.
62.07/101.719 x 100% = 61.02 %

0.829/101.719 x 100% = 0.82 %

11.65/101.719 x 100% = 11.45 %

18.84/101.719 x 100% = 18.52 %

8.33 / 101.719 x 100% = 8.19 %

Total

= 101.719 kgmol

= 100%

Dalam scrubber dilakukan penyerapan dengan H2O. Dimana H2O yang ditambahkan nantinya
akan menyerap CH3OH dari reaksi.
Asumsi H2O yang digunakan sebagai penyerap yaitu sebanyak 100 kg
Neraca Massa pada Scrubber
OUTPUT(Kg)
KOMPONEN
CO2

INPUT (Kg)

TOP (PURGE GAS)

BOTTOM

36.5

36.5

N2

1737.98

1737.98

H2

23.3

23.3

O2

301.4

301.4

H2O

100

100

CH3OH

267

TOTAL

2466.18

267
2099.18
2466.18

367

N2
O2
CO2
H2
= 100 Kg

SRUBBER

H2O

= 61.02 %
= 18.52 %
= 0.82 %
= 11.45 %

H2O
CH3OH
TOTAL

N2
O2
CO2
H2
CH3OH
TOTAL

= 100 Kg
= 267 Kg
= 367 Kg

= 1737.98Kg
= 301.4 Kg
= 36.5 Kg
= 23.3 Kg
= 267 Kg
= 2366.18Kg

Yang kembali ke Light and Stripper

SRUBBER

H2O = 100 Kg

(A)

H2O
CH3OH
TOTAL

= 100 Kg
= 267 Kg
= 367 Kg

CH3OH
N2
O2

= 267
Kg
= 1737.98Kg
= 301.4 Kg

CH2O
H2O
CO2
H2
TOTAL

= 699.9 Kg
= 239.9 Kg
= 36.5
Kg
= 23.3
Kg
= 3305.98Kg

N2
O2
CO2
H2
CH3OH
TOTAL

= 1737.98Kg
= 301.4 Kg
= 36.5 Kg
= 23.3 Kg
= 267 Kg
= 2366.18Kg

LIGHT AND STRIPPER

(B)

(C)

(D)

CH3OH
CH2O
H2O
TOTAL

Jumlah air yang masuk ke Light end Stripper = 239.9 kg + 100 kg

= 339.9 kg

= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg
= .....Kg

Neraca Massa pada saat kembali ke Light and Stripper lagi

KOMPONEN

INPUT (kg)
A

OUTPUT (Kg)
B

267

267

267

267

O2

301.4

301.4

N2

1737.98

1737.98

HCHO

699.9

699.9

H 2O

239.9

100

339.9

CO2

36.5

36.5

H2

23.6

23.3

3305.98

367

2366.18

1306.8

CH3OH

Total

3672.98

3672.98

H2O = 100 Kg

SCRUBBER

(C)

(A)

H2O
CH3OH
TOTAL

= 100 Kg
= 267 Kg
= 367 Kg

CH3OH
N2
O2

= 267
Kg
= 1737.98Kg
= 301.4 Kg

CH2O
H2O
CO2
H2
TOTAL

= 699.9 Kg
= 239.9 Kg
= 36.5
Kg
= 23.3
Kg
= 3305.98Kg

LIGHT AND STRIPPER

(B)

(D)

N2
O2
CO2
H2
CH3OH
TOTAL

CH3OH
CH2O
H2O
TOTAL

= 1737.98Kg
= 301.4 Kg
= 36.5 Kg
= 23.3 Kg
= 267 Kg
= 2366.18Kg

= 267
= 699.9
= 339.9
= 1306.8

Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg

4. Alcohol Stripper

CH3OH
CH2O
H2O
TOTAL

= 267 Kg
= 699.9 Kg
= 339.9 Kg
= 1306.8 Kg

ALCOHOL STRIPPER

CH3OH = .....Kg
H2O
=..... Kg

CH2O
H2O

= .....Kg
= .....Kg

Pada Alcohol Stripper terjadi proses penguapan Methanol yang akan dialirkan ke tangki
Catalitic Reactor untuk di Recycle . Sedangkan , produk akan di keluarkan pada bagian bawah
tangki .
Asumsi pada top product yang akan direcycle yaitu 87% CH3OH dan 13% H2O

CH3OH = 267 kg

H2O

87%

Asumsi pada bottom product yaitu 70% CH2O

CH2O

= 699.9 kg

H2O

= 339.9 kg 39.9 kg = 300 kg

70%

Neraca Massa pada Alcohol Stripper

OUTPUT(Kg)
KOMPONEN

INPUT (Kg)

TOP (RECYCLE)

BOTTOM

HCHO

699.9

699.9

H2O

339.9

39.9

300

267

267

1306.8

306.9

CH3OH
Total

1306.8

CH3OH
CH2O
H2O
TOTAL

= 267 Kg
= 699.9 Kg
= 339.9 Kg
= 1306.8 Kg

ALCOHOL STRIPPER

CH3OH = 267 Kg
H2O
= 39.9Kg
TOTAL = 306.9Kg

CH2O = 699.9Kg
H2O
= 300 Kg
TOTAL = 999.9 Kg

999.9

= 1040 Kg
= 1737,96 Kg
= 528 Kg
= 3305,96 Kg

CH3OH
N2
O2
CH2O
H2
CO2
H2O
TOTAL

SCRUBBER
H2O
CH3OH
TOTAL

= 100 Kg
= 267 Kg
= 367 Kg

= 267 Kg
= 1737.18Kg
= 301.4 Kg
= 699.9 Kg
= 23.3 Kg
= 36.5 Kg
= 239.9 Kg
= 3305.98 Kg

N2
O2
CO2
H2
CH3OH
TOTAL

= 1737.98Kg
= 301.4 Kg
= 36.5 Kg
= 23.3 Kg
= 267 Kg
= 2366.18Kg

CH3OH = 267 Kg
H2O
= 39.9Kg
TOTAL = 306.9 Kg

LIGHT AND STRIPPER

CH3OH
N2
O2
Total

CATALYTIC REACTOR

H2O = 100 Kg

= 0.82 %
= 61.02 %
= 18.52 %
= 11.45 %

CH3OH
CH2O
H2O
TOTAL

= 267
= 699.9
= 339.9
= 1306.8

CH2O
H2O
TOTAL

Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg

ALCOHOL STRIPPER

CO2
N2
O2
H2

= 699.9 Kg
= 300
Kg
= 999.9 Kg

GAMBAR 2. DIAGRAM ALIR INDUSTRI FORMALDEHID