Simple Past Tense

SIMPLE PAST TENSE adalah gramatika yang digunakan untuk membicarakan aktivitas
yang dimulai dan diakhiri pada waktu tertentu masa lampau. Sehingga saat seseorang
mengutarakannya, berarti aktivitas tersebut telah berakhir.

Keterangan waktu yang menyertai jenis kalimat ini antara lain: yesterday, last night, last
year, a week ago, in 1970s, dan lain-lain.

Format kalimat untuk mengutarakan sesuatu dalam simple past tense adalah:

Simple Past Tense Contoh

Kalimat Positif
Subject + Simple past verb I wore the party dress last night

She arrived at work on 7.30 AM.

He ate fried rice for breakfast

We had dinner at restaurant

The phone rang around midnight

Subject + Did + Verb I did tell you what happened

(pernyataan afirmatif/penekanan) Mom did attend the seminar

Chris Columbus did land on America

Kalimat Negatif
Subject + Did not + Verb I did not enjoy the party

She did not drink the medicine

We did not attend the graduation party

It did not fit the whole

Kalimat Pertanyaan
Did + Subject + Verb + ? Does he listen to music?

Do you hate me?

Do I love her?

Does break-up feel hurt?

Jawaban dapat berupa: Yes, I did atau No, I did not.
*Perhatikan bahwa hanya bentuk kalimat positif yang menggunakan kata kerja simple past
form. Sedangkan untuk kalimat positif afirmatif, kalimat negatif dan pertanyaan, karena telah
dibarengi did, maka bentuk kata kerja dasarlah yang digunakan.**Did not dapat disingkat
menjadi didn’t.

Past Continuous Tense

PAST CONTINUOUS/PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE adalah gramatika yang digunakan
untuk mengekspresikan suatu aktivitas yang sedang terjadi/berlangsung pada masa lampau.

Aktivitas tersebut sedang berlangsung/berprogres pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau atau
pada saat yang bersamaan dengan kejadian lain (karena itulah disebut juga dengan past
progressive), tetapi telah usai saat Anda mengutarakannya.

Misalnya: at 10 PM, when I slept, when father came, dsb.

Format kalimat untuk mengutarakan sesuatu dalam past continuous tense adalah:

Past Continuous Tense Contoh

Kalimat Positif
• Subject + Was/Were + Verb (ing) I was sleeping at noon yesterday
• I/She/He/It + Was + Verb (ing)
• You/They/We + Were + Verb (ing) She was cooking when I came

We were arguing when she entered the room

Kalimat Negatif
• Subject + Was/Were The baby was not crying when she heard the scream
not + Verb (ing)
• I/She/He/It + Was not + Verb (ing) I was not looking when I tripped
• You/They/We + Were + Not +
Verb (ing) I am not talking to her

Kalimat Pertanyaan
• Was/Were + Subject + Verb (ing) Was she sleeping last night when I texted her?
+?
• Was + I/She/He/It + Verb (ing) + ? Was I doing my homework when dad came home?
• Were + You/They/We + Verb (ing)
+? Were you taking a pee while you were calling me?
Jawaban dapat berupa: Yes, I was atau No, I was not.
*Keterangan waktu berupa when berarti “ketika”, sedangkan while berarti “selama”.**Pada
suatu kalimat, past continuous tense dapat digunakan untuk mengutarakan dua aktivitas
yang berprogres pada waktu bersamaan di masa lalu. Seperti: While I was writing my essay,
my little brother was playing in my room.

**Was not dan were not dapat disingkat menjadi wasn’t dan weren’t.
 MAKALAH SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Disusun Oleh:
- Dwi Reza Wijayanto 11217822
- Eva Primayshela Anjani 11217994
- Mohammad Boris Pasya Zola 13217680
- Safira Nur Azizah 15217443
- Sonia Adeliani 15217749
DOSEN PEMBIMBING : MERISKA YOSIANA, SS., M.HUM

FAKULTAS EKONOMI
JURUSAN MANAJEMEN
UNIVERSITAS GUNADARMA
2017/2018
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Issue background. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2 Problem identification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.3 Purpose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
2.1 Understanding simple present tense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2 Purpose simple present tense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.3 Verbal sentence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.4 Word order of question with do and does. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.5 Question word verbal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.6 Nominal sentence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.7 Question word nominal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CHAPTER III
FINAL
3.1 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2 Sugestion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.3 Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Issue Background
Tenses are important in English education. If someone wants to master the English well,
then he should be able to master the good tenses. Among the forms of tenses we will discuss
the simple present tense.
Present Tense or also known as Simple Present Tense is a form of time used to
express deeds. Where the Simple Present Tense is used in declaring events that occur today
or is a daily habit, it can also be used to express a general truth.
1.2 Problem
Identification
 1. What is a Simple Present Tense?
2. What are the uses of Simple Present Tense?
3. What is the function and structure of the Simple Present Tense in the Nominal sentence?
4. What is the function and structure of Simple Present Tense in Verbal sentences?
5. What are the uses and types of Negative Simple Present Tense sentences?
6. What are the types and sentences of the Simple Present Tense Question?
7. How is the short answer with Do and Does?

1.3 Purpose
The purpose of writing this paper is:
1.To readers can understand and apply tenses in everyday conversations or formal activities
that use English as the main language.
2. To know the formula in the use of Simple Present Tense in a sentence.

CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
2.1 Understanding Simple Present
Tense
Simple Present Tense is a simple phrase used to describe a daily activity or daily
habits. The Present tense also states an act or activity that takes place or occurs in the present
time in a simple form.
2.2 Purpose Simple Present
Tense Simple Present Tense can be used
as follows:
2.2.1 Used to express a habit that is done at a certain
time Example
: - I
only eat vegetables - Shedrinks
tea at breakfeast - He
visits my house twice a week
2.2.2 Used to express an activity that is
repetitive Example
: - I go to market
every morning - My parents are
always at home on Sunday
2.2.3 Used to express a general truth, a common truth that happens continuously Example
: - The sun rises in the east and
sets in the west - The earthis
round - A week
have seven week - Ice is cold
(es itu dingin) - fire is hot (api itu
panas)
2.2.4 Used to express an instruction or
direction. Example:
- Open the bottle and pour the
contents into glass - I’ll let you enjoy dinner
2.2.5 Used to state situations that do not
change Example
: - His
father arrives
tomorrow - Our new
year starts on the 1st January
2.3 Verbal Sentence
+ Subject + Verb 1 + Object Expressin
- Subject + DON'T / DOESN'T + Verb 1 + Object g Simple
? DO / DOES + Subject + Verb 1 + Object? Present
? Question Word + DO/ DOES + Subject + Verb 1? Tense
sentences
that use verbs
Example:
+ I speak English everyday
She speaks English everyday

- I don't speak English

She doesn't speak English

Do you speak English?

? Jawaban: Yes I do, atau No, I don't
Does she speak English?
Jawaban: Yes She does, atau No, She doesn’t
? Why do you speak English everyday ?

2.3.1 The positive verbal sentence formula used is:

For the subject I, You, We, They :
 Subyek + infinitive (Verb
1)
For the subject He, She, It :
Subyek + infinitive (Verb 1) +
s/es
Information
: Infinitive is also
called the first form verb (Verb 1) Contoh
: - I write a letter
everyday - She
reads a magazine every morning -
They visit their grandmother every Friday
There are some rules to watch out for when adding s / es to basic verbs, which are as follows:

2.3.1.1 In general, the verb is directly coupled with the suffix "-s"
No Verb 1 (infinitive) Addict a Suffix “-s” Meaning
1 Read Reads Membaca
2 Work Works Bekerja
3 Write Writes Menulis
4 Set Sets Terbenam
5 Shine Shines Bersinar
6 Sing Sings Menyanyi
7 Bring Brings Membawa
8 Eat Eats Makan
9 Help Helps Menolong
10 Give Gives Memberi

2.3.1.2 The verb

(infinitive) which ends No Verb 1 (infinitive) Addict a Suffix “-es” Meaning
with the letters "ch, o, s, 1 Teach Teaches Mengajar
sh, x, z" plus the suffix "- 2 Reach Reaches Menjangkau
es" 3 Do Does Mengerjakan
4 Go Goes Pergi
5 Kiss Kisses Mencium
6 Discuss Discusses Mendiskusikan
7 Pass Passes Melewati
8 Wish Wishes Mengharapkan
9 Finish Finishes Menyelesaikan
10 Fix Fixes Memperbaiki
2.3.1.3 The verb No Verb 1 (infinitive) Addict a Suffix “-es” Meaning
(infinitive) ends with the 1 Cry Cries Menangis
letter "-y" and preceded 2 Carry Carries Membawa
by the consonant, then the 3 Fly Flies Terbang
suffix "-y" is changed to 4 Study Studies Belajar
"-i" and then "-es" is 5 Reply Replies Menjawab
added.
6 Try Tries Berusaha

2.3.1.4 The verb No Verb 1 (infinitive) Addict a Suffix “-s” Meaning

(infinitive) ending with 1 Buy Buys Membeli
the letter "-y" beginning 2 Play Plays Bermain
with the vowel, is 3 Lay Lays Berbaring
sufficiently coupled with 4 Say Says Berkata
the "-s" suffix.

2.3.1.5 If the verb (infinitive) begins with an auxiliary verb, it does not get an extra "s / es".
No Example Word Mean
1 Must try Harus mencoba
2 Must work Harus bekerja
3 Can speak Dapat bicara
4 Can write Dapat menulis

2.3.2 The negative verbal sentence formula used is:

For subject I, You, We, They :
Subyek + do + not + infinitive (Verb 1)
For subject He, She, It :
 Subyek + does + not + infinitive (Verb 1)
Information :
a. To form a negative verbal sentence should be added "do / does + not" which is placed
before the verb (infinitive).
b. Do is used when the subject is I, You, We, They
c. Does used when the subject is He, She, It
d. In the form of a negative verbal sentence, the addition of "s / es" to the verb is omitted.
Example :
- I do not write a letter everyday
- She does not read a magazine every morning
- They do not visit their grandmother every Friday

2.4 Word Order of Question with Do and

Does The verbal sentence formula used is:
For subject I, You, We, They :
Do + Subyek + Infinitive (Verb 1) ?

For subject He, She, It :

Does + Subyek + Infinitive (Verb 1) ?
Information :
The verbal sentence question is formed by putting the do / does at the beginning of the
sentence so the addition of "s / es" to the verb (infinitive) is also omitted (not required).
Example
: - Do I
write a letter everyday? - Does She
read a magazine every morning?
- Do they visit their grandmother every Friday?
2.5 Question Word
Verbal If in a verbal
sentence question is used along with a question word like: What, Where, When, Who, Why,
Which, How, then the pattern of the sentence is
1. When the question word (question word) is used does not ask the subject, for example:
Where, What, When, Why, Which, How can be used formula:
For subject I, You, We, They :
Question Word (QW) + do + Subyek + Infinitive ?
For subject He, She, It :
Question Word (QW) + does + Subyek + Infinitive ?
Example of sentence:
- Where do you live? = I live in Jakarta
(Dimana kamu tinggal?) = (Saya tinggal di Jakarta)
Jawabannya tidak Yes atau No tapi :
- What does she write? = She writes a letter.
(Apa yang dia tulis?) = (Dia menulis sebuah surat.)
2. When the question word is used asks the subject, eg Who, then the formula as is:
Question Word (QW) + infinitive + s/es?
Information :
In the form of this question, the verb (infinitive) is added with "s / es" in accordance with the
preceding rules.
Example :
- Who always helps your father? = My brother always helps my father.
2.6 Nominal
Sentence Expressing
Simple Present Tense sentences that do not use verbs
+ Subject + To be 1 + Non Verb + Object
Example :
- Subject + To be 1 + NOT + Non Verb + Object
+ I am a teacher.
? To be 1 + Subject + Non Verb + Object? She is a teacher.
? Question Word + To be 1 + Subject + Non Verb + Object? - I am not a teacher.
She is not a teacher.
Are you a teacher?
? Jawaban: Yes I am,
atau No, I am not
Is she a teacher?
Jawaban: Yes She is,
atau No, She is not
What are you ?
? Jawaban: I am a
teacher
Where is your sister
?
Jawaban: She is here

1. The formula of positive nominal sentences used is:

Subyek + To be + Noun Adjective/Adverb
Information :
Non verb or not verb (verb), can be noun (noun), adjective (adjective) or adverb (adverb).
To be (is, am, are) tailored to the subject of a sentence.
- is for the subject He, She, It
- are for the subject We, You, They
- am for subject I
Example :
- You are sad = kata sifat
(Kamu sedih)
- We are in the library = kata keterangan
(Kami ada di perpustakaan)
- She is a teacher.
(Dia seorang guru)
But if before to be preceded by a verb, the form to be (is, am, are) changed to be for all
subjects.
Example :
- I must be there
- He can be ill
2. The nominal negative sentence formula used is
Subjek + To be + not +Noun
Adjective/Adverb
Information :
Negative nominal sentences are formed by adding notes back to
be. - You are not sad.
(Kamu tidak sedih)
- We are not in the library.
(Kami tidak ada di perpustakaan)
- She is not a teacher.
(Dia bukan seorang guru)
3. The nominal sentence formula formula used is:
To be + Subjek + Noun Adjective/Adverb
Information :
Kalimat nominal ini dibentuk dengan to be di awal kalimat.
Contoh :
- Are you sad?
- Are we in the library?
- Is she a teacher?
2.7 Question Word
Nominal If the nominal
sentence in question used the question word (question word), then the formula used is
Question Word (QW) + To be + subyek ?
Example:
- Where is your
mother? - What is your
occupation?
 CHAPTER III
FINAL
3.1 Conclusion
Simple Present Tense is the Time Form used to express deeds. Simple Present Tense is used
to express a habit that is performed at a certain time (habits), declares general truths, states a
repeated actions, states an instruction or directions), states a fixed arrangement, declaring
with future construction. Simple Present Tense is divided
into:
1. Simple Present Tense Verb (verbal sentence) is a sentence in which there is a verb (main
verb), which shows an activity. Can be a positive sentence, negative and sentence
question. 2.
Simple Present Tense Non Verb (sentence nominal) is a sentence in which there is no verb
but the bias of noun (noun), adjectives (adjectiva), and adverbs (adverb). Can be a positive
sentence, negative and sentence Question. 3.
Questions in the Simple Present Tense with Do and Does (sentence) is a sentence used in the
sentence asked verbal and nominal forms using do and does.
3.2
Suggestion Disc
ussion about Simple Present Tense not only limited to this paper alone, because we can dig
more about Simple Present Tense. The goal for us as the successor of the Indonesian nation
can
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. BACKGROUND
Many people said that speak english so difficult, because english and indonesian
language have many difference, such as prenunciation of vowel, and then in english have
a few form time/tenses . Most of them said that to understand tenses needed a long time.
Therefore, i make this paper to make you easy to understand it.
B. PROBLEM STATEMENT
 What is the meaning of tenses?
 What the kinds of tenses?
 What the meaning of active and passive sentences?
 How to use active and passive sentence?

C. PURPOSE
 To know the meaning of Tenses.
 To know kinds of Tenses.
 To know the meaning of active and passive sentences.
 To know how to use active and passive sentences.

1.4 WRITING SISTEMATIC

This paper is written as it were usually where this paper consisting of preface, list of
contents and further three chapter which few main point. First chapter which is introduction
consisting of four main points. Second chapter which is discussion consisting of five main
points. And third chapter which is cover consisting of two points. And the latest is references.

CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
A. THE DEFINITION OF TENSES

Tenses is the change of predicate of sentence, namely “Auxiliary verb or To be or

Verb” in accordance with the change of following elements baseed on its subsequent
priorities such as “ Condition or Deed or Time”.
According to grammar in general, tenses has sixteen different forms of
applications, where twelve tenses are real and four other tenses are unreal or conditional
sentence. Actually there are only two primary types of tenses, namely Present Tense ( real
now ) and Past Tense ( unreal now ).
To mastery english well, in both of active or passive english well, we have
know or study about Tenses, because the use of tenses in english should be structural and
according formulate or the rules of tenses.
B. THE KIND OF TENSES

1. Simple Present Tense

We use Simple present tense to talk about things in general. We use it to say that
something happens all the time or repeatedly, or that something is true in general. It is not
important whether the action is happening at the time of speaking.

a. Positive sentence
Subject + Infinitive (s/es ) + Object

 For subject I,You,We,They the sentence use verb I without s or es

I/You/We/They + Infinitive + Object

Example:
I go to campus
S V1 O
 You read my book
S V1 O
 They come late
S V1 O

 For subject he,she,it or third person singular pronoun the sentence must use verb I + s or es
He/She/It + infinitive + s/es+ object

Example:
 Jimy plays tennis.
S V1 + s O

 He writes my name.
S V1+s O
 She does her homework.
S V1 + es O

 In simple present tense, if subject is third person singular pronoun or name of someone or
name of noun, the verb must added s or es. Additional s Contained in the verb that ends with
the letter ss/sh/ch/x.

Example:
 Kiss = kisses
  Wash = whases
 Watch = watches
 Wax = waxes

 If verb ends with letter y after letter consonan, those letter changed as I +es.
Example:
 Study = studies
 Fly = flies
 Carry = carries

 For verb that ends with letter y after letter vocal, those verb added s
Example:
 play = plays
 Say = says
 Enjoy =enjoys

 Verb have,do and go change as

 Have = has
 Do = does
 Go = goes

b. Introgative sentence
In structure simple present tense, introgative sentence used auxalary verb do or
does
1. Do

Do + I/you/we/they + infinitive + Object

Example:
 Do I know you?
(To do) S VI O
 Do you swim?
(To do) S VI
 Do we live to eat?
(To do) S VI O

2. Does

Does + he/she/it + infinitive + object

Example:
 Does Jimy go to school today?
 Does she miss you?
 Does he work in market?

3. Do and does with what,where,when,which,why, and how

What/where/when/which/why/how + do/does + subject +

infinitive

Example:
 Which one do you like?
 How do you feel?
 How does he work?
 Where do you live?

c. Negative sentence

1. Do not or don’t
I/you/we/they + do not /don’t + infinitive + object

Example:
 I don’t like you
 You don’t love me
 We don’t speak Japanese
 They don’t know us

2. Does not or doesn’t

He/She/It + does not/doesn’t + infinitive +object

Example:
 Arin doesn’t eat cucumber
 He doesn’t like her
 She doesn’t work
 We doesn’t study
 They doesn’t do their assignment
d. Time signal

1. Always
2. Usually
3. Sometimes
4. Often
5. Seldom
6. Never
Example:
 You always forget my name
 We usually studies together
 They sometimes make a trouble
 I often meet with him
 He seldom calls me
 She never gets up early

2. Present continuous tense

We use Present continuous tense when we talk about something which is happening at the
time of speaking and then for a routine or situation that we see as temporary ( for a short
period).
a. Positive sentence
Subject + is/am/are + infinitive + -ing + object
I am reading book
He/she/it + is + reading book
You/they/we are reading book

Example:
 I am cooking rice.
S (to be) VI+ing O
 He is writing a letter
S (to be) VI+ing O
 The girls are swimming in the river
S (to be) VI+ing O

There are some verbs can’t added by “ ing “,

 Verbs of perception
Example :
 Feel hear
See notice
Recognize smell, etc.
Taste
 Verbs of appearing
Example :
Appear
Look
Seem, etc.
 Verbs of emotion
Example :
Desire dislike
Feel hate
Hope like
Love prefer
Refuse want, etc.
Wish
 Verbs of thinking
Example :
Agree believe
Consider forget
Imagine know
Mean mind
Remember suppose
Think trust, etc.
Understand

b. Introgative sentence
Is/am/are + subject + infinitive + -ing + object

Example:
 Am I reading a book?
 Are you going to the beach?
 Is he driving fast?
 Is Andi looking for me?

What/where/when/who/why/how + is/am
/are + subject + infinitive + -ing

Example:
 What are you doing?
 What is he looking for?
 Who is reading?
 Why is he laughing

c. Negative sentence
Subject + is/am/are + not + infinitive + -ing + object

Example:
 I am not reading
 You are not cooking
 Linda is not sitting
 They are not going to my home

3. Present Perfect Tense

The Present perfect tense enlightening scene or activity or instance already happens
present moment but unknown for sure its time.
a. Positive sentence
Subject + have/has + verb III + object
I/you/They/We + have + made + cake
He/She/It + has + made + cake

Example:
 I have seen Tika
 He has read a book
 We have sang a song

b. Introgative sentence
Have/has + subject + verb III + object

Example:
 Have I given you the cake?
 Has Uni written a letter?
 Have you told him about it?

What/where/when/which/why/how + have /has + subject + verb III

 Example:
 What have I seen?
 Where have you been?
 How far has she walked?

c. Negative sentence
Subject + haven’t/hasn’t + verb III + object

Example:
 I haven’t eaten something
 He hasn’t taken my book
 Rina hasn’t sung a song
 Tina and I haven’t made a cake

d. Use already, just, ever, never, since, and for

Example:
 She has just come in
 We have already decided to go
 You have ever seen the film
 Has Tomi ever eaten sea food?
 I have known you for four years
 He hasn’t come since the event

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

We use the Present Perfect Continuous Tense to Enlightening scene or activity or
instance already happens and be still be happen. And we also use the present perfect
continuous to ask or say how long something has been happening.
a.Positive sentence
Subject + have/has been + infinitive + -ing + object

Example :
 You have been writing since morning
 He has been waiting for four years
 Dina and Tika have been studying since two hour ago
 The girls have been reading for a long time
 She has been sitting all night

b. Introgative sentence
Have/has + subject + been + infinitive + -ing +
object

Example :
 Have you been waiting since morning
 Has he been playing since night
 Has Jimmy been sleeping for three hour?
What /where/when/who/why/how + have/has + subject + been
+ infinitive + -ing + object

Example :
 What have you been doing?
 How long has Jimy been studying?
 Who has been sleeping all morning ?

c. Negative sentence
Subject + haven’t/hasn’t + been + infinitive + -ing + object

Example:
 You haven’t been cooking since morning
 It hasn’t been raining all night
 Martin and Kevin haven’t been playing tennis all week.

5. Simple Past Tense

We use the Simple past tense to explain something in a few moment last or past which
is finished.
a.
 Subject + verb II + object
Positive sentence

 Usually, Past tense along with the explicit time, such as yesterday, last (last week, last years,
last Sunday), ago ( a few minutes ago, two years ago, three days ago), this morning.
Example :
 I saw him yesterday
 You made a cake two hours ago
 They saved my brother

 If the sentence did not use verb, we are use was and were
You
they + were
we
Subject + was/were + …..
I
He + was
She
It

Example :
 I was cry yesterday
 We were make a party last night
 They were here this afternoon
 Mika was play tennis last Friday

b. Introgative sentence

1)
Did + subject + infinitive + object
Use Did

Example :
 Did you study last night?
 Did he go to the party yesterday?
What /where/when/who/why/how + did + subject + infinitive +
object
 Example :
 What did you do this morning?
 When did Ana get married?
 Who did Jimy talk?
 Why did they come?

2) Not use did

What /where/when/who/why/how + verb II + object

Example :
 Who cried last night?
 What happened to them?
 Who came to the party?

3) Use was/ were

Was/were + subject + ……

Example:
 Was I here yesterday?
 Were you know about it?
 Was he at home last night?
What /where/when/who/why/how + was/were + subject +
(adverb/adjective)

Example:
 Where were you last week?
 How was Andien yesterday?
 Why were you angry last night?

c. Negative sentence

1) Use did not or didn’t

subject + didn’t + infinitive + object
 Example :
 I didn’t come in his party
 Jimmy didn’t eat something
 He didn’t sleep well last night

2) Use was not or wasn’t and were not or weren’t

Subject + wasn’t/weren’t + ……

Example :
 She wasn’t very well yesterday
 You weren’t here last night
 The children weren’t noisy

6. Past Continuous Tense

We use the Past continuous tense to say that someone was in the middle of doing
something at a certain time. The action or situation had already started before this time but
hadn’t finished.

a. positive sentence

 Enlightening activity or scene or instance that be happens on past time.

Subject + was/were + infinitive + -ing + object

Example ;
 I was cooking an hour ago
 She was reading at eight last night
 Sam was cutting the grass at five yesterday

 Enlightening activity or scene or instance that be happens at the past time and overtook by
activity or scene or other instance.
Subject + was/were + infinitive + -ing + object
+when + subject + verb II

Example :
 Arin was sleeping when I come
 They were whatching television when you knock at the door.
 Enlighten two activities or scenes or instance that happen upon coincides at the past time.
Subject + was/were + infinitive + -ing + object +while + subject
+ was/were + infinitive + -ing + object

Example:
 Anti was singing while Wina was dancing
 We were making a cake while you were coming

b. Introgative sentence
Was/were + subject + infinitive + -ing + object

Example:
 Were you sailing last Saturday?
 Was I falling a sleep at the studying?
What /where/when/who/why/how + was/were + subject + infinitive
+ -ing + object

Example:
 What were you doing at three o’clock last night?
 Who was crying this morning?
c. Negative sentence
Subject + wasn’t/weren’t + infinitive + -ing + object

Example :
 I wasn’t cooking an hour ago.
 You weren’t listening to the news at five o’clock last night

7. Past Perfect Tense

We use the Past perfect tense to talk about a past situation or activity that took place
before another past situation or activity, or before particular time in the past.
a. Positive sentence

Subject + had + verb III + object

 Example :
 I had cleaned the house before dinner last night
 The rain had stopped when my sister came
 She had finished her assignment before she slept

Note:
“ The composite sentence and the conditional sentence in past perfect tense can mix with
the sentence of past tense or future past perfect tense”.
b. Introgative sentence
Had + subject + verb III + object

Example:
 Had the rain stopped when you left?
 Had the sun risen before you woke up?
 Had I cleaned the house before my sister came?

What/where/when/which/why/how + had + subject + verb III +

object

Example:
 What had Rina written?
 Who had meet Tika?
Did + subject + infinitive + past perfect tense

Example :
 Did Sinta say that he had seen Mira?
 Did you know that I had read this book?

What + Did + subject + infinitive + past perfect tense

one

Example:
 What did she say after we had left?
 What did you do before we had gone?
c. Negative sentence
Subject + had not / hadn’t + verb III + object

Example:
 I had not cleaned my house
 You had not finished your homework.

8. Past Perfect Conitnuous Tense

We use the Past perfect continuous tense to enlightening thing already happens and be
still happen in past time.
a.
Subject + had + been + infinitive + -ing + object
Positive sentence

Example :
 I had been writing all the night
 Mika had been singing a song
 He had been waitng for five mounts

b. Introgative sentence
Had + Subject + been + infinitive + -ing + object

Example :
 Had she been cooking when I came?
 Had Nilam been reading before they gone to canteen?
What /where/when/who/why/how + Had + Subject + been +
infinitive + -ing + object

Example:
 What had you been talking with him yesterday?
 How long had she been waiting this night?
 Who had been sleeping all day Friday?

c. Negative sentence
 Subject + had not / hadn’t + been + infinitive + -ing +
object

Example :
 We hadn’t been crying when you came
 Ani had’t been sleeping all night
 Tina hadn’t been coming in the party

9. Simple Future Tense

Simple future tense use to enlightening action or event or activity who will happen or will
do.
a. positive sentence
Pattern:
Subject + shall / will + infinitive + object

Or :
Subject + to be + going to + infinitive

 If subject :
I/we + shall / will + read book

He/you/she/they + shall / will + read book

Example :
 I shall be at home on Sunday
 She will tell you about it
 We are going to sleep
 Sunny going to check her son

b. Introgative sentence
 shall / will + subject + infinitive + object

Example :
 Shall we visit them?
 Will you come to the party?
 Will Jimmy celebrate his birthday?
What /where/when/who/why/how + shall/will + Subject + infinitive +
object

Example :
 Who will help them?
 Where shall we go tonight?

c. Negative sentence
Subject + shall / will + not +infinitive + object

Example :
 They will not cross the road.
 You will not success if you do nothing.
 I shall not give you anything

10. Future Continuous Tense

Future continuous tense use to enlightening thing that be happens in future.
a. positive sentence
Subject + shall / will + be +infinitive + -ing +object

Example :
 You will be waiting him
 We shall be visiting Ayu next time.
 Maya will be sitting

b. Introgative sentence
 shall / will + subject + be +infinitive + -ing +object

Example :
 Will Asry be going home on Saturday?
 Shall we be talking about Grammar I?
What /where/when/who/why/how +shall /will +
subject + be +infinitive + -ing +object

Example :
 What will Ana be doing after work?
 How many people will be coming to the meeting?
 When shall I be getting much money?

c. Negative sentence
Subject + shall / will + not + be +infinitive + -ing +object

Example :
 They will not be doing anything after work.
 I shall not be getting much money.
 Riska will not be reading this proposal.

11. Future Past Tense

Future past tense use to enlighten thing who will happen or done in past time.
a. Positive sentence
Subject + should/ would + infinitive + object
He/you/she/they + would + read book

I/we + should + read book

 Example :
 Tian would buy a pen.
 We should make a cake.
 She would give me a present.

b. Introgative sentence
Should/ would + subject + infinitive + object

Example :
 Would she come to the party?
 Should we go to the beach the next day?
 Would Arin make a cake?

What /where/when/who/why/how +should /would + subject +

infinitive + object

Example ;
 Who would do this assignment?
 Where should we go tomorrow?
 Why would you join the club?

c. Negative sentence
Subject + should/ would + not + infinitive + object

Example :
 She would not join the club.
 Maya would not make a cake.
 We should not buy a present.

12. Future Past Continuous Tense

Future past continuous tense use to enlighten thing who will be happen in past time.
a. Positive Sentence
Subject + should/ would + be + infinitive
 + -ing + object

Example :
 I should be doing my assignment the night before.
 They would be coming to my house the following week.
 She would be making a cake.

b. Introgative sentence
Should/ would +subject + be + infinitive
+ -ing + object

Example :
 Would he be making a cake after lunch?
 Should I be studying English?
What /where/when/who/why/how +should/would + subject + be +
infinitive + -ing object

Example :
 What would you be making a cake after lunch?
 Who would be making a cake after lunch?

c. Negative sentence
Subject + should/ would + not + be + infinitive + -ing + object

Example :
 I should not be making a cake after lunch.
 You would not be sleeping after dinner.
C. DEFINITION AKTIVE AND PASSIVE SENTENCES
Aktive sentence is the verb from used when the subject of a sentence does the action.
Passive sentence is the verb from used when the subject of a sentence is affected by the
action.

D. THE WAY TO FORM ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SENTENCES

 Active sentences
If we want to form an active sentence,we do not need any special regulations, because there is
no special key. Just pay attention with the tenses. As we know that English has movement
verb that we have to know well.
 Passive sentences
The passive sentence has special ways to form it. Beside we have to pay attention with
movement of verbs, we have to give special attention with such thing. According to Mas’ud,
there are four ways form passive sentences.
1. Put an object of active sentence in the beginning of passive sentence (object of active
sentence becomes subject in passive sentence).
Example : he ate banana (active)
Banana was eaten by him (passive)
2. If in the active sentence do not have auxiliary (to be), so just add to bethat is suitable with
the subject of passive sentence and the tenses.
Example : Jojo invited them (active)
They were invited by Jojo (passive)

3. Put the main verb from active sentence after auxiliary verb (to be) in past participle from.
Example : My sister is cooking rice (active)
Rice is being read by my sister (passive)

4. Put the preposition by after the main verb before object in passive sentence. (in some cases,
the preposition by can be omitted when it is not known or not important to know exactly who
performs the action).
Example : This room was painted yesterday

 Formula of passive sentence

To be + Past Participle

E. THE USE OF ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SENTENCE

 Tenses
1. Simple present
Active
(+) Rina makes a cake.
(-) Rina does not make a cake.
(?) Does Rina make a cake?
2. Present Continuous
Active
(+) Sany is taking pen.
(-) Sany is not taking pen.
(?) Is Suny taking pen?
3. Present Perfect
Active
(+) He has open the window. (+) The window has been opened by
(-) He has not open the window.
by him.
(?) Has he open the window?
by him?
4. Present Perfect Continuous
Active
(+) They have been eating fish.
them.
(-) They have not been eating fish.
by them.
(?) Have they been eating fish?
them?
5. Simple Past
Active
(+) We closed the door.
(-) We did not closed the door.
(?) Did we closed the door?
6. Past Continuous
Active
(+) I were playing tennis.
(-) I were not playing tennis.
me.
(?) Were I playing tennis?
passive
(+) A cake is made by Rina.
(-) A cake is not made by Rina.
(?) Is a cake made by Rina?
Passive
(+) Pen is being taken by Suny.
(-) Pen is not being taken by Suny.
(?) Is pen being taken by Suny?
Passive
him.
(-) The window has not been opened
(?) Has the window been opened
Passive
(+) Fish has been being eaten by
(-) Fish has not been being eaten
(?) Has fish been being eaten by
Passive
(+) The door was closed by us.
(-) The door was not closed by us.
(?) Was the door closed by us?
Passive
(+) Tennis was being played by me.
(-) Tennis was not being played by
(?) Was tennis being played by me?
 7. Past Perfect
Active Passive
(+) He had helped me. (+) I had been helped by
him. (-) He had not helped me. (-)
I had been helped by him. .
(?) Had he helped me? (?)Had I been helped by him?

8. Past Perfect Continuous

Active Passive
(+) She had been driving a car. (+) A car had been being driven by
her.
(-) She had not been driving a car. (-) A car had not been being driven
by her.
(?) Had she been driving a car? (?) Had a car been being driven by
her?

9. Simple Future
Active
(+) we will take the the book.
(-) We will not take the book.
(?) Will we take the book?
Passive
(+) The book will be taken by us
(-) The book will not be taken by us.
(?) Will the book be taken by us?

10. Future Continuous

Active Passive
(+) I will be telling something. (+) Something will be being told by
me.
be telling something. (-) Something will not be being told by
me
(?) will I be telling something? (?) Will something be being told by
me?

11. Future Perfect

Active Passive
(+) He will has won my heart. (+) My heart will has been won by
him.
ot has won my heart. (-) My heart will not has been won by
him.
(?) Will he has won my heart? (?) Will my heart has been won by
him?

12. Future Perfect Continuous

Active Passive
 (+) He will has been leaving us. (+) We will have been being left
by
him.
(-) We will not have been being left by him.
(?) Will he has been leaving us? (?)Will we have been being left
by
him

CHAPTER III
COVER
A. CONCLUSION
Tenses is the change of predicate of sentence, namely “Auxiliary verb or To be or
Verb” in accordance with the change of following elements baseed on its subsequent
priorities such as “ Condition or Deed or Time”. There are twelve tenses :
1. Present simple
2. Present continuous
3. Present perfect
4. Present perfect continuous
5. Past simple
6. Past continuous
7. Past perfect
8. Past perfect continuous
9. Future simple
10. Future continuous
11. Future past
12. Future past continuous
Aktive sentence is the verb from used when the subject of a sentence does the
action. Passive sentence is the verb from used when the subject of a sentence is affected by
the action.
3.2 SUGGESTION

My suggestion to reader is necessarily a more regular try to understand tenses because

startup we can make an english language deep sentence be tenses. And also we shall often
well-read that book a lot of reference. And then accustomize yourself to speak English with
your friend wherever you. Don’t shy or fear amiss.

REFERENCES
Supono Idi,Widie Cahya. 2010.Panduan Menguasai 16 Tenses. Jakarta, Indonesia ; Kawan
Pustaka
Aso La,Nurjannah.2011 Materi Grammar I, unaaha.
Darmin. 2012. Hand Out Grammar II. Unaaha.
Samsul La Ode. 2011. Hand Out Grammar III. Unaaha.
Murphy Raymond. 1994. English Grammar In Use. Cambridge, Australia. Cambridge
Unifersity Press.
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

1.1. BACKGROUND

English is the international language. By mastering the English language well, then we
will be able to communicate with other nations in the world. In addition, we will be able to
add insight and knowledge for the progress of our nation and our country, because we will be
able to read English literature, listening to radio broadcasts overseas, and watching the
movies the other sciences. Thus, in the end we can master the knowledge-knowledge in all
fields.

Each language must have rules or we often refer to as the grammar of each, as well as in
English, there are many rules that must be considered in their use, especially in the field of
writingnya. Therefore, the author tries to present some rules of the many rules of English, in
addition to fulfilling the task of English subjects.

1.2.PROBLEM FORMULATION
In this paper we summarize some of which we discuss, namely:
1) Identify the types of tenses?
2) What is the Present, and division?
3) What is the Future and division?
4) What is the future tense and division?

1.3.DESTINATION
From the identification of the problems mentioned above, the authors certainly aimed to
clarify or explain these points, according to the knowledge we have obtained, either from
books or from the source of our teachers. Hopefully all provide benefits for us. If there is an
error writing or words in this paper, the authors apologize profusely.

CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

2.1.TYPES OF TENSES (JENIS-JENIS TENSES)

2.1.1. PRESENT (WAKTU SEKARANG)

a. Simple Present Tense

Dalam bahasa Inggris Present Tense atau Simple Present Tense digunakan
untuk menyatakan peristiwa atau kejadian, kegiatan, aktivitas dan sebagainya
yang terjadi saat ini. Present Tense juga digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
Fakta, atau sesuatu yang tejadi berulang-ulang dimasa KINI. Ingat, PRESENT
artinya adalah kini, sekarang.
Rumusnya:
Positif: S + V1 (s/es)
Negatif: S + DO/DOES + NOT + V1
Tanya: DO/DOES + S + V1

Contoh Kalimat Positif:

I drink coffee
She drinks coffe
We drink coffee

Cara Membaca Rumus:

S artinya Subject, V1 artinya Verb1 atau kata kerja bentuk pertama.
Kapan pakai S atau ES dan kapan tidak?
Kalau Subjectnya He, She, It, John, Mufli, Ellen atau Orang ketiga TUNGGAL
maka kata kerjanya tambah S atau ES. Tidak sembarang tambah S atau ES juga
nih, ada daftarnya.

Di atas tadi ada istilah Orang Ketiga Tunggal, maksudnya gini: Orang ketiga
adalah orang yang kita bicarakan, yang kita omongin. Sedangkan orang pertama
ya yang bicara. Orang kedua lawan bicara. Tunggal ya satu. Jadi orang ketiga
tunggal adalah orang yang kita bicarakan dan satu saja dia itu. Misalnya kita
berdua ngomongin John Scoping. Yang ngomong saya, yang dengar Anda, yang
dibicarakan John Scoping (orang ketiga tunggal). Faham kan?

John Scoping belajar Tenses.

John Scoping learnS english.

Tidak bisa LearnES, mengapa? ya memang begitu!. Tetapi yang ini malah
tambah ES:
John Scoping goES to School (tambah ES).

Kalimat Negatif Present Tense

Bentuk Negatif, artinya menyatakan TIDAK. Maka sesuai rumus Present Tense,
setelah SUBJECT ditambah DO atau DOES, baru NOT, lalu tambah kata kerja
bentuk pertama tanpa S atau ES lagi. S atau ES nya dimana? Sudah di doES
tadi.
Untuk I, WE, YOU, THEY tambah DO
Untuk SHE, HE, IT, Mufli, Ellen tambah DOES

I do not drink coffee.

She does not drink coffee.
John Scoping does not learn english.

Kalimat Tanya Present Tense

Kalimat tanya untuk Present Tense sesuai rumus diatas, atau saya tulis lagi
seperti ini:
Tanya: DO/DOES + S + V1
Sama saja pasangannya. Untuk I, WE, YOU, THEY gunakan DO. Untuk SHE,
HE, IT, Mufli, Ellen gunakan DOES. Contohnya begini:
Kalimat positifnya: I drink coffee
Kalimat tanya menjadi: DO you drink cofee?

Kalimat positif: She drinks coffe

Kalimat tanya: DOES She drink coffee?

Kalimat tanya seperti diatas disebut juga YES/NO Question. Karena

jawabannya memang Yes atau No. Do You drink coffee? “Yes I do” jawabnya.
Atau bisa bisa dijawab dengan lengkap: “Yes, I do drink coffee”. Dihilangkan
DO nya juga boleh, menjadi kalimat positif lagi: “Yes I drink coffee”.

b. Present Continous Tense

Present Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang sedang

terjadi saat ini, sedang berlangsung saat ini. Misalnya: Saya sedang menulis
sekarang.

Rumusnya:

Positif: S + Tobe + Verb+ing

Negatif: S + Tobe+ Not+ Verb+Ing

Tanya: Tobe + S + Verb+ing

Kalau “Tobe” nanti itu berganti dengan is, am, are. Tergantung pasangannya
apa. Dalam bahasa Inggris setiap Personal Pronoun atau Kata Ganti Orang
sudah ada pasangannya masing-masing. Present Continuous Tense tak akan
pernah lepas dari Tobe ini. Seperti ini jodohnya:

I am

She is, He is, It is, John is, Mufli is, dan sebagainya.

You are, We are, The are, John and Mufi are…

Present Continuous Tense ini digunakan jika kita menekankan pada “Sekarang”
nya itu. Kalau kegiatan yang berulang-ulang seperti “I go to work everyday”
nggak pake Present Continuous Tense tetapi Present Tense saja.

Berikut ini contoh kalimat Present Continuous Tense sesuai dengan rumus
diatas:

- I am writing now (Saya sedang menulis sekarang)

- You are reading my article at present (Apa artinya?)

- She is waiting for you.

Kalimat Negatif Untuk Present Continuous Tense

Mudah saja kalimat Negatifnya, tinggal tambahkan NOT setelah Tobe. Ingat
rumusnya kan? S + Tobe + Not + Verb+ing.

Contoh:

- I am NOT writing now (Saya sedang tidak menulis sekarang)

- You are NOT reading my article at present

- She is NOT waiting for you.

Tadi Present Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang
SEDANG terjadi saat ini? Kalo negatif kan artinya yang TIDAK SEDANG
terjadi saat ini dong? Maksudnya, kalimat negatif ini ya bentuk TIDAKnya.

Kalimat Tanya Present Continuous Tense

- Are you writing now? (Apakah kamu sedang menulis sekarang?)

- Are You reading my article at present?

- Is She waiting for you.

Bisa juga menggunakan Kata Ganti Penanya seperti What, Where, Which, Why,
Who dan sebagainya dalam kalimat tanya ini. Contohnya begini:

-What are you writing now? (Lagi nulis apaan kamu sekarang?)

-What are you reading (lagi baca apa Anda?)

-Who is She waiting for

Begitulah basicnya tentang Present Continuous Tense ini. Inti dari Continuous
itu adalah “Sedang”, atau katakanlah sedang berlanjut (seperti arti katanya),
sedang terjadi.

c. Present Pefect Continous Tense

Tenses yang satu ini digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian, peristiwa atau apalah
namanya, yang SUDAH terjadi dan MASIH berlangsung bahkan sangat mungkin AKAN
berlanjut. Dari dulu hingga kini bahkan nanti. Kata “sudah” atau “dari dulu” disini bisa saja
waktunya kemarin, 2 jam lalu, se-abad lalu, bisa juga beberapa menit yang lalu. Intinya
kejadian yang hendak diungkapkan dalam Present Pefect Continuous Tense ini sebenarnya
mirip dengan Present Continuous Tense, hanya saja penekannya bukan pada saat ini,
melainkan pada periode waktunya tadi itu: sudah, masih dan akan.
Rumus Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Positif: S + have/has + been + Verb+ing

Negatif: S + have/has + not + been + Verb+ing

Tanya: Have/has + S + been + Verb+ing

Kita coba dengan contoh, bentuk Present Tensenya begini: “Saya tinggal disini”, bahasa
Inggrisnya: “I live here”. Kita coba masukkan ke Present Perfect Continuous Tense.

“Saya sudah tinggal disini 2 tahun”. Sudah disini ? masih kan? besok belum pindah kan?
Untuk kondisi ini kita gunakan Present Perfect Continuous Tense ini, I have been living here
for 2 years.

Tetapi kalau waktu Anda ngomong itu Anda sudah tidak tinggal disini lagi, misalnya baru
saja pindah maka gunakan penekanan pada SUDAHnya saja seperti pada pelajaran Present
Perfect Tense, I have lived here…

Tetapi lagi,

Kalau Anda ingin mengatakan “tinggal disini” tersebut dulu, misalnya 2 tahun yang lalu
tinggal disini, maksud saya anda tidak menekankan pada USAInya anda tinggal itu tetapi
fokus pada 2 tahun yang lalu itu, maka gunakan Past Tense saja: I lived here 2 years ago.

Berikut contoh-contoh Present Perfect Continuous Tense:

-She has been learning english for 3 years

-I have been teaching english since last year

-They have been touring since yesterday

Contoh lainnnya lagi:

-I have been running Vnet Business Since December 2007. You?

Running Vnet Busienss diatas maksudnya “menjalankan bisnis Vnet” ya, bukan melarikan.

2.1.2. FUTURE
[

a. Simple Future Tense

Future Tense atau Simple Future Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan

peristiwa yang Akan Terjadi. Future tense adalah tentang Nanti. Sesuatu arti
katanya Future yaitu “Masa Depan”. Karena itu dalam Future Tense
penggunaan kata Will, Shall yang artinya akan pastilah mendominasi.

Masih ingat pembagian Tenses dalam garis besar kan? ada 3 besar Tenses yaitu:
Past, Present dan Future (Dulu, Kini, Nanti).

Setiap Future pasti pakai WILL atau SHALL, artinya AKAN. Namun ada juga
yang namanya Past Future Tense nanti. Karena Past maka Will dan Shall nya
pakai past juga yaitu “Would”, nanti kita pelajari lebih dalam di Past Future
Tense. Oh ya, sesudah Will atau Shall atau Would pastilah diikuti bentuk 1 baik
itu kata kerja atau kata kerja bantu.
Rumus Future Tense
Positif: S + will + V1
Negatif: S + will + not + V1
Tanya: Will + S + V1

Shall jarang digunakan. Bisanya Shall untuk Subject I dan We (I shall…, We

shall….) dan tidak untuk yang lain. Tetapi lebih sering orang pakai I will.. dan
We will.. Jadi untuk I dan We boleh pakai baik will atau shall. Sedangkan
Subject yang lain seperti HE, SHE, IT, YOU, THEY, WE semuanya pakai Will.
Kalau begitu, untuk mempermudah pemahaman saya HANYA akan gunakan
WILL saja.

Contoh Kalimat Positif dalam Future Tense:

-I will study
-You will swim
-They will visit Tokyo

Future Tense Kalimat Negatif

Kalimat Negatif untuk Future Tense juga luar biasa mudah:
-I will not study
-You will not swim
-They will not visit Tokyo
Mudah kan?

Future Tense Kalimat Tanya

Tinggal dibalik saja, Will nya di depan.
-Will You study?
-Will You swim?
-Will They visit Tokyo?
Tentunya karena Future Tense bicara “Akan” maka keterangan waktu berikut
biasa ditambahkan: tomorrow, next month, three days to go, next year dan
segala sesatu yang menunjukkan “akan” tersebut.

-You will swim together tomorrow

-They will visit Tokyo next year
-No one will stop us now from loving each other
-I dont think They will come on time

b. Future Continous Tense

Tense yang satu ini berbicara tentang suatu peristiwa yang “Sedang Terjadi”
juga sebagaimana Present Continuous Tense, tetapi bedanya dalam Future
Continuous Tense maka “Sedang” nya itu bukan sekarang melainkan besok,
akan datang, nanti.

Jadi, “sedang terjadi” itu tidak hanya bisa sekarang loh, bisa saja belum
terjadi sekarang tetapi sedang terjadi besok. Fahami benar hal ini agar Future
Continuous ini dapat Anda mengerti dengan tuntas dan dapat menggunakannya
tanpa berpikir lagi nanti :)

Contohnya begini:

Anda telepon saya dan bilang mau ke rumah saya jam 9 besok. Wah saya gak
bisa terima tamu tuh jam segitu, karena pas jam 9 itu saya akan sedang
berenang. Jadwal saya renang itu 8:30 sampai 10:00. Jadi jam 9 besok itu
sedang renang kan? kapan renangnya? besok!. Itulah arti “sedang tetapi akan”
ini. Sekarang Anda faham 100 persen kan? Dalam hal ini kita gunakan Future
Continuous Tense ya: “I will be swimming at 9 tomorrow, You may not meet
me at home”.

Rumus Future Continuous Tense

Positif: S + will + be + Ving

Negatif: S + will not + be + Ving

Tanya: Will + S + be + Ving

Contoh:
- Kamu sedang akan pergi ke sekolah pukul 7 besok pagi

+ You will be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning

- You won’t be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning

? Will you be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning ?

Seperti saya ceritakan dalam setiap pelajaran Tenses Bahasa Inggris yang
mengandung kata “Continuous” maka selalu pakai kata kerja bentuk ING, Verb
+ Ing. Setiap kata kerja atau kata kerja bantu yang mengikuti WILL pasti
bentuk-1. Mana bentuk kesatu disana? Di “be” nya itu.

Lihat ni urutan perubahan kata kerja bantu “to be”:

“be” atau to be (am, is, are) – was, were – been

Dan setiap ada to be, baik itu be itu sendiri atau am, is, are, was, were, been
maka kata kerjanya pasti pakai ING.

Contoh Future Tense

-I will be swimming at 9 o’clok tomorrow

Selanjutnya kita persimple, agar mudah difahami, perhatikan pemakain

rumusnya:

-You will be working …

-They will be driving home …

-She will be learning music …

Coba buat beberapa lagi contoh Anda sendiri untuk kalimat positif dalam
bentuk Future Continuous Tense ini, ya bahasa Inggris dong, kalau bahasa
Indonesia tak terasa tenses itu karena kata kerjanya tidak berubah.

Kalimat Negatif Future Continuous Tense

Mudah saja, tinggal tambah NOT setelah Will, seperti ini:

-You will not be working…

-They will not be driving home…

-She will not be learning music…

Loh katanya tadi Future Continuous Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan
sesuatu yang sedang akan terjadi di masa datang, ini yang negatif kan berarti
TIDAK akan sedang terjadi dong? Salah dong?, ini kan bentuk negatifnya !

Kalimat Tanya Future Continuous Tense

Kalimat tanya dalam bentuk Future Continuous Tense juga gampang sekali,
tinggal Will nya di depan. Kayak gini:

-Will You be working …?

-Will They be driving home …?

-Will She be learning music …?

c. Future Perfect Tense

Future Perfect Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang “Sudah terjadi, tetapi
AKAN”. Akan sudah gitu loh. Kalau Anda buka lagi pelajaran bahasa Inggris tentang Future
Continuous Tense maka Future Perfect Tense ini pun akan sangat mudah difahami. Siapa
bilang “sudah” itu hanya dulu? Sudah bisa juga “akan”!. Future artinya Akan, Perfect artinya
sudah. Pusinglah jadinya tanpa contoh kasus kan?

Agar jelas, saya ulang lagi contoh Future Continuous Tense:

Anda telepon saya dan bilang mau ke rumah saya jam 9 besok. Wah saya gak bisa terima
tamu tuh jam segitu, karena pas jam 9 itu saya akan sedang berenang. Jadwal saya renang itu
8:30 sampai 10:00. Jadi jam 9 besok itu sedang renang kan? kapan renangnya? besok!. Itulah
arti “sedang tetapi akan” ini. Sekarang Anda faham 100 persen kan? Dalam hal ini kita
gunakan Future Continuous Tense ya: “I will be swimming at 9 tomorrow, You may not meet
me at home”.
Nah sekarang perhatikan baik-baik!

Dari kejadian di atas, kalo jam 11 kan saya SUDAH AKAN SELESAI berenang kan? Nah,
kalo jam 11 besok saya sudah akan selesai berenang. Itulah yang saya maksud dengan
SUDAH AKAN ini, Future Perfect Tense: “I will have swum”.

Kok swum? ya, bentuk kata kerja swim dari yang ke-1 sampai ke-3 adalah: swim – swam –
swum. Bentuk ING nya swimming

Rumus Future Perfect Tense

Positif: S + will + have + V3

Negatif: S + will + not + have + V3

Tanya: Will + S + have + V3

Karena Future maka ada Will. Ada juga kata kerja bantu “Have” bentuk pertama karena
mengikuti Will. Karena Perfect maka pake Kata Kerja bentuk-3 dan saya tulis V3 (Verb 3).

Contoh Kalimat Positif Future Perfect Tense:

-I will have swum at 11 tomorrow

Dari contoh Future Continuous Tense jadi Future Perfect Tense seperti ini:

-You will have worked ……

-They will have driven home …..

-She will have learned music ……

Kalimat Negatif Future Perfect Tense

Mudah saja, sesuai rumusnya, tambahkan NOT setelah Will:

-You will not have worked …

-They will not have driven home …

-She will not have learned music …

Kalimat Tanya Future Perfect Tense

Mudah saja juga, sesuai rumusnya, letakkan Will di depan:

-Will You have worked …

-Will They have driven home …

-Will She have learned music …

Jadi Future Perfect Tense adalah tentang apa? Sudah Akan!. Bukan tentang Akan Sudah? Loh
kok mirip ya? memang, bisa juga dibilang begitu. Intinya kan Anda sudah tangkap kan?

d. Future Perfect Continues Tense

Future Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang: akan, telah
dan masih berlangung di masa datang. Bingung?

Memang mirip dengan Future Continuous Tense juga (sedang akan terjadi pada suatu saat
di masa datang), hanya saja kalau dalam Future Perfect Continuous Tense ditekankan pada
masa terjadinya yang lebih panjang (sudah mulai, masih terjadi, akan berlanjut) tetapi bukan
sekarang melainkan di masa datang. Kalau itu sekarangnya maka namanya Present Perfect
Continuous Tense. Mirip kan? Bedanya memang hanya di Present dan Future nya itu. Ya,
beda waktunya. Yang satu sekarang (present) dan satu lagi nanti (Future).

Contoh kasus Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Agar jelas, kita ulang lagi mulai dari contoh

Future Continuous Tense:

Anda telepon saya dan bilang mau ke rumah saya jam 9 besok. Wah saya gak bisa terima
tamu tuh jam segitu, karena pas jam 9 itu saya akan sedang berenang. Jadwal saya renang itu
8:30 sampai 10:00. Jadi jam 9 besok itu sedang renang kan? kapan renangnya? besok!. Itulah
arti “sedang tetapi akan” ini. Sekarang Anda faham 100 persen kan? Dalam hal ini kita
gunakan Future Continuous Tensenya: “I will be swimming at 9 tomorrow, You may not
meet me at home”.

Jika Seperti ini maka Future Perfect Tense:

Future Perfect Tense kan intinya “Sudah Akan atau Akan sudah”. Dari kejadian di atas, kalo
jam 11 kan saya SUDAH AKAN SELESAI berenang kan? Nah, kalo jam 11 besok saya
sudah akan selesai berenang. Itulah yang saya maksud dengan SUDAH AKAN ini, Future
Perfect Tense: “I will have swum”.

Sekarang Perhatikan dengan sangat baik! ini bagian

Future Perfect Continuous Tense:

Dapat saya katakan bahwa jam 9 besok saya sudah akan sedang berenang selama 30 menit.

Besok kan? Yes, kan future.

Jam 9 Sudah mulai ? Yes, kan mulainya jam 8:30

Masih akan terus kan? Yes, kan jadwalnya sampai jam 10:00.

Sudah, sedang, akan, di masa datang! Itulah inti dari Future Perfect Tense!.

Jadi kalimat Future Perfect Continuous Tense lengkapnya begini:

-I will have been swimming for 30 minutes at 9 tomorrow

Rumus Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Positif: S + will + have + been + Verb+ing

Negatif: S + will + not + have + been + Verb+ing

Tanya: Will + S + have + been + Verb+ing

Berikut ini contoh lagi untuk Future Perfect Continuous Tense, disederhanakan agar mudah
difahami rumusnya. Konteks dipakainya kan sudah saya jelaskan di bagian atas.

-You will have been working …

-They will have been driving home …

-She will have been learning music …

Bentuk Negatif Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Tinggal tambahkan NOT saja setelah Will.

-You will not have been working …

-They will not have been driving home …

-She will not have been learning music …

Bentuk Tanya Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Tinggal balik saja Will di depan:

-Will You have been working …?

-Will They have been driving home …?

-Will She have been learning music …?

2.1.3. PAST FUTURE

a. Past Future Tense

Past Future Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang AKAN

dilakukan, TETAPI di masa lampau, bukan saat ini.

Belajar Tenses Bahasa Inggris memang muter-muter sekitar WAKTU ini:

lampau/dulu (past), kini/sekarang (present), nanti/akan (future). Jadi Past Future
kan berarti lampau nanti, lampau akan.

Agar Anda mudah memahami, perhatikan Contoh Kasus berikut ini:

Kemarin teman saya datang ke rumah pagi-pagi jam 7. Terpaksa deh hanya
ngobrol sebentar di rumah, karena waktunya mepet banget, waktu itu “saya
akan pergi kerja”.

Kita soroti “Akan Pergi Kerja” ini.

Kapan? Yes, kemarin

Akan toh? Yes memang akan tetapi bukan sekarang, kemarin!

Rumus Past Future Tense

Positif: S + would + V1

Negatif: S + would + not + V1

Tanya: Would + S + V1

Past-nya dimana? Will jadi Would.

Sering sih orang menggunakan “Should”. Untuk memudahkan pemahaman saja

maka saya hanya menggunakan Would saja dalam serial pelajaran tenses Past
Future Tense ini.

Contoh Kalimat Positif Past Future Tense

-I would go at 7 am when He came to my house yesterday

Contoh berikut dipermudah hanya kalimat intinya saja:

-You would work …

-They would drive home …

-She would learn music …

Kalimat Negatif Past Future

Tinggal tambahkan NOT setelah Would:

-You would not work …

-They would not drive home …

-She would not learn music …

Kalimat Tanya Past Future

Tinggal Would nya di depan:

-Would You work …?

-Would They drive home …?

-Would She learn music …?

b. Past Future Continues Tense

Nah, Past Future Continuous Tense ini mirip banget dengan Future
Continuous Tense biasa, hanya saja bentuknya Past. Jadi, agar mudah
dimengertinya jangan lupa Anda pelajari dulu sampai bisa Future Continuous
Tense, kemudian jadikan bentuk lampau. Tinggal tambah Past aja di depannya?

Seperti contoh yang saya berikan dalam Future Continuous Tense, kan ini
tentang peristiwa yang akan sedang berlangsung. Nah Past Future Continuous
Tense juga tentang hal itu, hanya saja akan sedang berlangsung itu DULU,
bukan kini, bukan pula nanti.

Contoh kasus untuk Past Future Continuous Tense begini

Kemarin , teman saya bilang mau ke rumah saya jam 9. Ingat, ini kemarin. Wah
waktu itu saya gak bisa terima tamu tuh jam segitu, karena pas jam 9 itu saya
akan sedang berenang. Jadwal saya renang kemarin itu 8:30 sampai 10:00. Jadi
jam 9 kemarin akan sedang renang kan? kapan renangnya? kemarin!. Itulah arti
“sedang tetapi dulu” ini. Sekarang Anda faham 100 persen kan? Dalam hal ini
kita gunakan Past Future Continuous Tense ya: “I would be swimming at 9
yesterday, makanya tak bisa terima tamu tuh kemarin”.

Rumus Past Future Continuous Tense

Positif: S + would + be + Verb+ing

Negatif: S + would + not + be + Verb+ing

Tanya: Would + S + be + Verb+ing

Contoh kalimat Past Future Continuous Tense:

-I would be swimming at 9 yesterday.

Waktu tukang pos datang, dia akan sedang mandi. Untunglah, jadi surat tersebut
bisa diterimanya, kalau tidak maka surat itu dikembalikan ke alamat pengirim
deh.

-When the post man came, She would be taking a bath.

[

Contoh lain:

-You would be working …

-They would be driving home …

-She would be learning music …

-He would be having lunch When I aksed him for help

Kalimat Negatif Past Future Continuous Tense

-You would not be working …

-They would not be driving home …

-She would not be learning music …

Kalimat Tanya Past Future Continuous Tense

-Would You be working …?

-Would They be driving home …?

-Would She be learning music …?

c. Past Future Perfect Tense

 Tense Bahasa Inggris Past Future Perfect Tense mempunyai persamaan pola
dengan Future Perfect Tense biasa, perbedaannya hanya pada Past nya saja.

Contoh kasus untuk Past Future Prefect Tense

Kemarin , teman saya telepon dan katanya mau ke rumah saya jam 9. Ingat, ini
kemarin. Wah waktu itu saya gak bisa terima tamu tuh jam segitu, karena pas
jam 9 itu saya akan sedang berenang. Jadwal saya renang kemarin itu 8:30
sampai 10:00. Tetapi kalau jam 11 boleh. Karena jam 11 itu saya AKAN
SUDAH berenang. Kapan akan sudah itu? kemarin, Past. Dalam situasi ini kita
gunakan Past Future Perfect Tense: “I would have swum at 11 yesterday”.

Rumus Past Future Prefect Tense

Positif: S + would + have + V3

Negatif: S + would + not + have + V3

Tanya: Would + S + have + V3

Contoh Kalimat:

-I would have swum at 11 yesterday

Ingat, kata kerja bentuk-3 dari swim adalah swum (Swim – Swam – Swum).

Biasanya Tense ini, Past Future Perfect Tense ini, sering digunakan untuk
berandai-andai. Dulu guru SMA saya bilang ini digunakan untuk menyatakan
peristiwa atau kejadian yang “akan telah terjadi pada masa lampau jika
syaratnya terpenuhi”. Contohnya:

-He would have passed the examination If She had learned hard

Mestinya Dia sudah akan lulus jika saja dia telah belajar giat

-We would have arrived on time If we walked faster

Mestinya kita sudah tiba jika saja tadi jalan lebih cepat

Contoh Lain yang disederhanakan sesuai rumus:

-You would have worked …

-They would have driven home …

-She would have learned music …

Kalimat Negatif Past Future Prefect Tense

-You would not have worked …

-They would not have driven home …

-She would not have learned music …

Kalimat Tanya Past Future Prefect Tense

-Would You have worked …?

-Would They have driven home …?

-Would She have learned music …?

d. Past Future Perfect Continous Tense

Masih ingat Future Perfect Continuous Tense kan? Tense yang digunakan
untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang: akan, telah dan masih berlangung di masa
datang. Maka…

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense adalah untuk menyatakan hal diatas juga,
tetapi dimasa yang lalu, masa lampau. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
mengenai peristiwa atau hal yang akan telah sedang terjadi di masa lampau.
Rumus Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Positif: S + would + have + been + Verb+ing

Negatif: S + would + not + have + been + Verb+ing

Tanya: Would + S + have + been + Verb+ing

Contoh:

-I would have been swimming for 30 minutes ….

Kisahnya begini :

Waktu Anda telepon saya jam 9 pagi kemarin itu, saya telah berenang selama
30 menit loh, dan masih terus berenang lagi beberapa waktu setelah itu.

“I would have been swimming for 30 minutes When You called me yesterday.”

Jam segini nih kemarin itu, saya telah menunggu Anda 2 jam lebih.

“At this time yesterday, I would have been wating for you for more than two
hours”.

Contoh lain:

-In May 2007, I would have been living in Tanggulangin for 3 years

Kisahnya begini:

Saya sedang cerita tentang Lumpur Panas Lapindo. Ketika pertama kali lumpur
itu menyembur, saya akan sudah tinggal di dekat situ (Tanggulangin) selama 3
tahun, tapi belum sampai 3 tahun ya, hampir akan 3 tahun, menjelang 3 tahun.
Kemudian saya masih terus tinggal disitu sampai akhir November 2007. Sudah
masih akan kan? Tapi dulu.

Contoh lainnya:

-When she decided to get married, “She would have been working there for 1
year”.

Ketika dia memutuskan menikah pada waktu dulu itu, dia sudah bekerja di sana
menjelang setahun.

Coba rasakan dengan feeling Anda tentang Past Future Perfect Continuous
Tense.

Kalimat Negatif Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Mudah saja, tinggal tambahkan NOT setelah Would

-I would not have been swimming for 30 minutes

-I would not have been living in Tanggulangin for 3 years

-She would not have been working there for 1 year

Kalimat Tanya Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Mudah juga, tinggal dahulukan Would nya:

-Would You have been swimming for 30 minutes?

-Would You have been living in Tanggulangin for 3 years at that time?

-Would She have been working there for 1 year?

 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

3.1. CONCLUSION
From the discussion above I can conclude that the tenses is a form of the
verb in the English language to indicate the time (present, future, or past) the
occurrence of an act or event.
The types of tenses is divided into three parts, the Present Tense, Future
Tense and Past Tense. Present Tense itself consists of the Simple Present Tense,
Present Continues Tense and Present Perfect Tense. While Future Tense Simple
Future Tense comprises, Future Continuous Tense, Future Perfect Tense, Future
Perfect Continuous Tense and. Then the latter consisting of Past Tense Future
Past Tense, Future Past Continuous Tense, Past Perfect Future Tense, Past and
Future Perfect Continuous Tense.