moduldigital.

net
MATRIKS
LEMBAR KERJA SISWA 3

Tujuan pembelajaran: Siswa dapat menentukan minor, kofaktor, adjoint, determinan, dan invers matriks berordo 2
dengan benar.

Perhatikan situasi berikut!

Ridho dan Adnan sedang bermain kelereng, Ridho mempunyai 3 kereng hijau dan 2 kereng biru sedangkan Adnan
mempunyai 4 kelereng hijau dan 1 kereng biru

Dari situasi di atas, buatlah sebuah matriks mengenai banyaknya kelereng yang mereka punya!
(ingat materi sebelumnya)
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................

Misalkan kita sebut matriks diatas dengan nama matriks 𝐻, apalagi yang ingin kalian ketahui dari matriks 𝐻?
(coba kaitkan dengan tujuan pembelajaran kita hari ini)
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................

Minor dan Kofaktor

Minor: Jika 𝑎𝑖𝑗 adalah elemen matriks 𝐴 yang terletak pada baris ke-𝑖 dan kolom ke-𝑗, maka minor dari 𝑎𝑖𝑗 yang
dinyatakan oleh 𝑀𝑖𝑗 adalah determinan/bilangan tunggal setelah baris ke-𝑖 dan kolom ke-𝑗 di hilangkan.

Contoh:
1 2
𝐴=[ ]
3 4

𝑀11 = 4 𝑀12 = 3 𝑀21 = 2 𝑀22 = 1

Dari matriks 𝐻 yang kalian buat, tentukanlah:

𝑀11 =...................... 𝑀12 =...................... 𝑀21 =...................... 𝑀22 =......................

Kofaktor: Jika matriks 𝐴 adalah determinan, 𝑀𝑖𝑗 adalah minor elemen matriks 𝐴 pada baris ke-𝑖 dan kolom ke-𝑗.
Maka kofaktor 𝑎𝑖𝑗 yang dinyatakan oleh 𝐾𝑖𝑗 adalah minor 𝑀𝑖𝑗 setelah diberi tanda (−1)𝑖+𝑗 .
𝐾𝑖𝑗 = (−1)𝑖+𝑗 𝑀𝑖𝑗
Contoh:
1 2
𝐴=[ ]
3 4

𝐾11 = (−1)1+1 (4)

= (−1)2 (4)
= 1 .4
=4

𝐾11 = 4 𝐾12 = −3 𝐾21 = −2 𝐾22 = 1

Sekarang coba buatlah matriks kofaktornya!

.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................

Dari matriks 𝐻 yang kalian buat, tentukanlah kofaktor masing-masing elemen dan tentukan juga matriks
kofaktornya!
𝐾11 =...................... 𝐾12 =...................... 𝐾21 =...................... 𝐾22 =......................
 moduldigital.net

.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................

Adjoin Matriks
Adjoint: 𝐾𝑖𝑗 adalah kofaktor dari matriks 𝐴 pada baris ke-𝑖 dan kolom ke-𝑗. Matriks Adjoint dari 𝐴 dinyatakan oleh
𝐴𝑑𝑗 (𝐴) adalah matriks yang elemen-elemennya dari transpose matriks kofaktor (𝐾 𝑇 ).

Dari matriks kofaktor 𝐴 dan matriks kofaktor 𝐻 yang telah kalian buat, sekarang tentukanlah 𝐴𝑑𝑗 (𝐴) dan 𝐴𝑑𝑗 (𝐻)!
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................

Coba perhatikan baik-baik elemen-elemen matriks 𝐴 dan 𝐴𝑑𝑗 (𝐴), matriks 𝐻 dan 𝐴𝑑𝑗 (𝐻). Apa perbedaannya?
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................

𝑎 𝑏
Misalkan 𝐴 adalah suatu matriks berordo 2, dengan 𝐴 = [ ]
𝑐 𝑑
Diskusikan dengan teman sekelompokmu, apa rumus umum adjoint untuk matriks yang berordo 2?
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................

Determinan Matriks
Determinan matriks: 𝐴 adalah suatu matriks bujur sangkar 𝑛 × 𝑛, determinan matriks 𝐴 adalah bilangan tunggal
yang diperoleh dari semua permutasi 𝑛2 elemen matriks bujur sangkar. Disimbolkan dengan
|𝐴 |.

Contoh:
1 2
𝐴=[ ]
3 4

|𝐴 | 1 2 Sekarang cobalah cari determinan dari matriks 𝐻!

=| |
3 4 .................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
= 1 .4 − 2 .3 .................................................................................................................
=4−6 .................................................................................................................
= −2 .................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................

𝑎 𝑏
Misalkan 𝐴 adalah suatu matriks berordo 2, dengan 𝐴 = [ ], diskusikan dengan kelompokmu apa rumus
𝑐 𝑑
determinan matriks untuk matriks berordo 2?
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................

Invers Matriks
Invers matriks: jika 𝐴 adalah suatu matriks bujur sangkar 𝑛 × 𝑛, maka invers dari matriks 𝐴 dinotasikan dengan
𝐴−1. Sedemikian sehingga 𝐴𝐴−1 = 𝐴−1 𝐴 = 𝐼, dimana 𝐼 adalah matriks identitas berukuran 𝑛 × 𝑛.
1
𝐴−1 = 𝐴𝑑𝑗 (𝐴)
|𝐴 |

Dari matriks 𝐴 dan 𝐻 sebelumnya telah iketahui |𝐴| dan 𝐴𝑑𝑗 (𝐴), |𝐻 | dan 𝐴𝑑𝑗 (𝐻 ). Sekarang diskusikan dengan
kelompokmu seperti apa matriks 𝐴−1 dan 𝐻 −1
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
 moduldigital.net
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................

Latihan
−2 −3 2 0
Diketahui matriks 𝐴 = | | dan matriks 𝐵 = | |, tentukanlah 𝐴−1 dan 𝐵−1
1 2 −2 1

Setelah selesai, persentasikan di depan kelasmu!

.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................