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Nama : .................................................................
NPM : .................................................................
Kelas : .................................................................
Semester : Ganjil T.A. 2022/2023

LEMBAR KERJA 4
DASAR GETARAN MEKANIK

Soal 1
Getaran adalah .........................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
Getaran timbul akibat adanya gaya yang .................................................................................
Suatu benda dikatakan bergetar apabila benda tersebut mengalami .......................................
Getaran viscous adalah ............................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
(Cari melalui Google Scholar https://scholar.google.com)

Soal 2
Gerak periodik adalah .............................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
Derajat kebebasan adalah ........................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
Contoh fenomena derajat kebebasan pada bidang mekanikal:
a. 1 Derajat kebebasan:
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
b. 2 Derajat kebebasan:
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
c. 3 Derajat kebebasan:
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
d. 4 Derajat kebebasan:
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(Cari melalui Google Scholar https://scholar.google.com)

Getaran Bebas Satu Derajat Kebebasan (Soal 1 s/d 6)

Soal 3
Getaran Bebas adalah .............................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
Contoh Getaran Bebas: ............................................................................................................
Getaran Paksa adalah .............................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
Contoh Getaran Paksa: .............................................................................................................
(Cari melalui Google Scholar https://scholar.google.com)
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Soal 4
Redaman adalah .....................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
Getaran Tak Teredam (Undamped Vibration) adalah .........................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
Contoh Undamped Vibration: ..................................................................................................
Getaran Teredam (Damped Vibration) adalah ....................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
Contoh Damped Vibration: ......................................................................................................
(Cari melalui Google Scholar https://scholar.google.com)

Soal 5

Persamaan pada semua elemen di atas adalah:

..........................................................................................
𝑚𝑥̈ + 𝑐𝑥̇ + 𝑘𝑥 = 0
Dimana:
m = ..........................................................................................
𝑥̈ = ..........................................................................................
c = ..........................................................................................
𝑥̇ = ..........................................................................................
k = ..........................................................................................
x = ..........................................................................................
Untuk pegas yang dihubungkan seri seperti yang ditunjukkan pada gambar di bawah ini,
konstanta kekakuan pegas akivalennya, keq:

𝑘 = ..............................................................................
Untuk pegas yang dihubungkan paralel seperti yang ditunjukkan pada gambar di bawah ini,
konstanta kekakuan pegas akivalennya, keq:

𝑘 = ............................................................
(Cari melalui Google Scholar https://scholar.google.com)

Soal 6
Penentuan persamaan rasio redaman:
Persamaan di soal Nomor 5 dapat ditulis:
𝑥̈ + 2𝜔 𝑥̇ + 𝜔 𝑥 = 0
Dimana:
𝑘
𝜔 =
𝑚
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dan
𝑐 𝑐
= =
2𝑚 𝜔 2 …𝑘
𝜔 = ..........................................................................................
𝑘 = .........................................................................................
 = ..........................................................................................
𝑐 = .........................................................................................
(Cari melalui Google Scholar https://scholar.google.com)

Getaran Bebas Tak Teredam (Soal 7 s/d 10)

Soal 7
Persamaan frekuensi alami adalah:
2𝜋 atau: 1 1
𝑇= = 2𝜋 𝑓 = =
… 𝑇 …
Dimana:
T = ............................................................, satuannya ............
...n = ............................................................, satuannya ............
... = ............................................................, satuannya ............
... = ............................................................, satuannya ............
fn = ............................................................, satuannya ............
(Cari melalui Google Scholar https://scholar.google.com)

Soal 8
Tabel kekakuan pegas:

Sebuah perusahaan perakitan, menggunakan robot pengangkut bertipe hoist untuk

mengangkat beban berat yang ditunjukkan pada gambar di bawah ini. Pengangkut ini dapat
bergerak pada lintasannya. Hitung frekuensi alami sistem jika alat ini mengangkat beban
(part mesin) 800 kg dengan panjang kabel 9 m dan tebal batang pengangkut (beam) 3,1 m!
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Penyelesaian:
Dik: m = ............
pada pengangkut (b): E = ........ pada kabel (c): E = ........
I = ........ I = ........
L = ........ L = ........
Dit: 𝝎𝒏 ?
Jawab:
Langkah pertama yang dilakukan adalah membuat asumsi agar persoalan ini dapat dijawab
dengan menempatkan hoist di tengah bentangan batang, sehingga dengan menggunakan
persamaan Konstanta kekakuan pegas dari tabel di atas didapat:
 Langkah 1: Menghitung Konstanta kekakuan pegas pada pengangkut (beam), kb:
48 … 𝐼
𝑘 =
…
= ...........................................................................................................................................
= ...........................................................................................................................................
 Langkah 2: Menghitung Konstanta kekakuan pegas pada kabel, kc:
𝐴𝐸
𝑘 =
𝐿
= ...........................................................................................................................................
= ...........................................................................................................................................
 Langkah 3: Menghitung Konstanta kekakuan pegas ekuivalen pada sistem, keq:
Karena sistem terhubung secara seri, maka konstanta pegas totalnya adalah:
…
𝑘 = … = ............................................................................................................

Langkah 4: Menghitung frekuensi alami pada sistem, n:

(Persamaan di soal Nomor 6):

𝜔 =
𝑚
= ...........................................................................................................................................
= ...........................................................................................................................................
(Jangan lupa satuan di setiap perhitungan)

Soal 9
Tentukan frekuensi alami pada sistem yang ditunjukkan pada gambar di bawah ini!

Penyelesaian:
Dik: m = ............
pada beam (b): pada kabel (c), (ada 3 kabel):
E = ................. kc1 = .................
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I = ................. kc2 = .................

L = ................. kc3 = .................

Dit: 𝝎𝒏 ?
Jawab:
 Langkah 1: Menghitung Konstanta kekakuan pegas pada beam, kb:
48 … 𝐼
𝑘 =
…
= ...........................................................................................................................................
= ...........................................................................................................................................
Langkah 2: Menghitung Konstanta kekakuan pegas total atau ekivalen, keq:
Karena sistem di atas terhubung secara kombinasi seri dan paralel, maka konstanta pegas
totalnya adalah:
𝑘 = … +𝑘
⋯
= .........................................................................................................................................
= .........................................................................................................................................
 Langkah 3: Menghitung frekuensi alami pada sistem,n:
(Persamaan di soal Nomor 6):

𝑘
𝜔 =
…
= ...........................................................................................................................................
= ...........................................................................................................................................
(Jangan lupa satuan di setiap perhitungan)

Soal 10
Sebuah gerbong kereta api kosong massanya 4.500 kg. Sebuah bemper rel kereta api
dirancang sebagai pegas sejajar pada gerbong tersebut dengan peredam viscous yang
memiliki kekakuan pegas 2 x 105 N/m dan koefisien redaman 1,58 x 105 N.s/m. Berapakah
frekuensi alami dan rasio redaman pada bemper tersebut?
Dik:
m = .......... k = .......... c = ..........
Dit: 𝜔 dan ?
Jawab:
 Langkah 1: Menghitung frekuensi alami pada gerbong kosong, n:
(Persamaan di soal Nomor 6):

𝑘
𝜔 =
…
= ...........................................................................................................................................
= ..........................................................................................................................................
 Langkah 2: Menghitung rasio redama pada gerbong kosong, :
(Persamaan di soal Nomor 6):
𝑐
=
2√… . …
= ...........................................................................................................................................
= ..........................................................................................................................................