Indications for surgical treatment of Pott disease generally include the following:
Neurologic deficit - Acute neurologic deterioration, paraparesis, and paraplegia
Spinal deformity with instability or pain
No response to medical therapy - Continuing progression of kyphosis or instability
Large paraspinal abscess
Nondiagnostic percutaneous needle biopsy sample
In Pott disease that involves the cervical spine, the following factors justify early surgical intervention:
High frequency and severity of neurologic deficits
Severe abscess compression that may induce dysphagia or asphyxia
Instability of the cervical spine
Contraindications
Vertebral collapse of a lesser magnitude is not considered an indication for surgery
because, with appropriate treatment and therapy compliance, it is less likely to progress to a
severe deformity.
Untuk mengurangi nyeri, biasanya akan dilakukan serangkaian terapi fisik agar melatih
kekuatan dan fleksibilitas tulang. Meski membutuhkan waktu berbulan-bulan hingga bertahun-
tahun, TBC tulang belakang sebenarnya merupakan penyakit yang bisa disembuhkan. Dengan
catatan, kondisi ini harus segera dideteksi dan ditangani dengan cara pengobatan yang benar.
Follow up Patients with Pott disease should be closely monitored to assess their response to
therapy and compliance with medication. Directly observed therapy may be required.
The development or progression of neurologic deficits, spinal deformity, or intractable pain
should be considered evidence of poor therapeutic response. This raises the possibility of
antimicrobial drug resistance, as well as the necessity for surgery.
Because of the risk of deformity exacerbations, children with Pott disease should undergo long-
term follow-up until their entire growth potential is completed
Consultations in Pott disease can include the following:
Orthopedic surgeons
Neurosurgeons
Rehabilitation teams
3. Transmission of pain (fiber- fibernya: A-delta, B-beta, C -> jenis yg mana? Naiknya lewat
mana?)
Signals from mechanical, thermal and mechano-thermal nociceptors are transmitted to the
dorsal horn of the spinal cord predominantly by Aδ fibres. These myelinated fibres have a low
threshold for firing and the fast conduction speed means they are responsible for transmitting the
first pain felt.
In addition, Aδ fibres permit for the localisation of pain and form the afferent pathway for the
reflexes elicited by pain. Aδ fibres predominantly terminate in Rexed laminae I where they mainly
release the neurotransmitter glutamate.
Polymodal nociceptors transmit their signals into the dorsal horn through C fibres. C fibres are
unmyelinated and a slow conduction speed. For this reason, C fibres are responsible for the
secondary pain we feel which is often dull, deep and throbbing in nature. These fibres typically have
large receptive fields and therefore lead to poor localisation of pain.
Compared to Aδ fibres, C fibres have a high threshold for firing. However, noxious stimuli can cause
sensitisation of C fibres and reduce their threshold for firing. C fibres predominately terminate in
Rexed laminae I and II and release the neurotransmitter substance P. Other neurotransmitters are
released by primary afferent neurons terminating within the spinal cord such as aspartate and
vasoactive peptide.
A variety of factors are released upon tissue damage which lead to the activation of nociceptors.
These include:
Arachidonic acid
Potassium
5-HT
Histamine
Bradykinin
Lactic acid
A-beta fibers are intermediate size, myelinated, and fastest sensory conductivity. These fibers
mediate the sensation of touch, mild pressure, vibration, and joint positioning sensations. These
are measured in the sensory nerve conduction tests of standard electrodiagnostic studies
(EMG/NCV).
A-delta fibers are small, myelinated, and moderate sensory conductivity speed. These fibers
mediate the sensation of cold and the secondary components of cold sensation and pain.
C-fibers are the smallest diameter, non-myelinated, and slowest sensory and motor
conductivity. These fibers mediate the sensation of heat and the primary components of hot
sensation and pain.
The ascending nociceptive pathways consist of A delta and C fibres that are unmyelinated or only slightly
myelinated (compared with the highly myelinated tactile and proprioceptive fibres).