PERTEMUAN 2

Simbol Sigma

Notasi sigma (Type equation here.

𝑛

∑ 𝑋𝑖 Dibaca sigma Xi, dimana I dari 1 s/d n

𝑖=1

 Notasi di bawah Sigma (i = 1) menunjukkan nilai awal variabel i

 Notasi di atas Sigma (n) menunjukkan nilai akhir variabel i
 Notasi Xi merupakan variabel yang akan dijumlahkan, dengan jumlah
variabel sama dengan jumlah
Aturan Penjumlahan
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛

𝑎. ∑(𝑋𝑖 + 𝑌𝑖 + 𝑍𝑖) = ∑ 𝑋𝑖 + ∑ 𝑌𝑖 + ∑ 𝑍𝑖
𝑖=1 𝑖=1 𝑖=1 𝑖=1

Contoh 1 :
2
x1= 3, x2 = 5, y1= 4, y2 = 6, Z1 = 8, Z2 = 4. Tentukan ∑(𝑋𝑖 + 𝑌𝑖 + 𝑍𝑖)
𝑖=1
Jawab :
𝟐 2 2 2

∑(𝑿𝒊 + 𝒀𝒊 + 𝒁𝒊) = ∑ 𝑋𝑖 + ∑ 𝑌𝑖 + ∑ 𝑍𝑖
𝒊=𝟏 𝑖=1 𝑖=1 𝑖=1

= (X1+X2) + (Y1+Y2) + (Z1+Z2)

= (3+5) + (4+6) + (8+4)
= 8 + 10 + 12 = 30
Contoh 2 :
2
x1= 2, x2 = 3, y1= 4, y2 = 5 Tentukan ∑(𝑋𝑖 + 𝑌𝑖)
𝑖=1
Jawab :
𝟐 2 2

∑(𝑿𝒊 + 𝒀𝒊) = ∑ 𝑋𝑖 + ∑ 𝑌𝑖
𝒊=𝟏 𝑖=1 𝑖=1
 = (X1+X2) + (Y1+Y2)
= (2+3) + (4+5)
= 5 + 9 = 14

𝟐𝒏 𝟐𝒏

𝑏 . ∑ 𝒌𝑿𝒊 = 𝒌 ∑ 𝑿𝒊
𝒊=𝟏 𝒊=𝟏
2

Contoh 1: x1= 3 x2 = 5. Tentukan ∑ 8𝑥𝑖

𝑖=1
Jawab :
𝟐 2

∑ 𝟖𝒙𝒊 = 8 ∑ 𝑥𝑖
𝒊=𝟏 𝑖=1

= 8(X1+X2)
= 8( 3+ 5) = 8 x 8 = 64

Contoh 2: x1= 1, x2 = 3, x2 = 5 Tentukan ∑ 10𝑥𝑖

𝑖=1
Jawab :
𝟑 3

∑ 𝟏𝟎𝒙𝒊 = 10 ∑ 𝑥𝑖
𝒊=𝟏 𝑖=1

= 10(X1+X2+X3)
= 10( 1+3+5) = 90

𝑐. ∑ 𝒌 = 𝒌 + 𝒌 + 𝒌 + 𝒌 + ⋯ 𝒏 = 𝒏. 𝒌
𝒊=𝟏

Contoh 1 : 5

1. Tentukan ∑ 6
𝑖=1
Jawab :
𝟓

∑ 𝟔 = 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 5.6 = 30
𝒊=𝟏
 Contoh 2 : 3

2. Tentukan ∑ 4
𝑖=1
Jawab
𝟑

∑ 𝟒 = 4 + 4 + 4 = 3.4 = 12
𝒊=𝟏
𝒏

𝒅. ∑(𝒙𝒊 − 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒙𝒊𝟐 + 𝟐𝒌𝒙𝒊 + 𝒌𝟐

𝒊=𝟏
d.
Contoh :
5
x1= 5, x2 = 7, x3= 4, x4 = 6, x5= 3, Tentukan ∑(2𝑥𝑖 − 5)2
𝑖=1
Jawab :
5

∑(2𝑥𝑖 − 5)2 = 2𝑥𝑖 2 −2.5.2𝑥𝑖 + 52

𝑖=1 = 4𝑥𝑖 2 −20𝑥𝑖 + 52
= 4(52 + 72 + 42 + 62 + 32 ) − 20(5 + 7 + 4 + 6 + 3) + 25
= 4 (25 + 49 + 16 + 36 + 9) − 20(25) + 25
= 4 (135) − 500 + 25
= 540 – 500+ 25 = 65

𝑛 𝑛 𝑛

𝒆. ∑(𝑌𝑖 − 𝑎 − 𝑏𝑋𝑖) = ∑ 𝑌𝑖 − 𝑛𝑎 − 𝑏 ∑ 𝑋𝑖
𝑖=1 𝑖=1 𝑖=1

Contoh 1:
x1= 3, x2 = 5, Y1= 4 Y2 = 6, Tentukan

Jawab :

= (Y1+Y2) -2.4 -2(X1+X2)

= (4+6) -2.4 -2(3+5)
= 10-8-2(8) = 10-8-16 = -14