Rekayasa Pondasi

III. Tembok Penahan

Ha

H H1

1 3
H2 2 2

1 3
B

Diketahui konstruksi tembok penahan tipe Gravity wall dengan data-data sebagai berkut :

- Beban merata permukaan q = 2.50 t/m2

- Tinggi tembok penahan H = 4.50 m
- Tebal lapisan tanah 1 H1 = 3.00 m
- Kedalaman muka air dari puncak Ha = 1.50 m
- Tinggi tanah didepan tembok H2 = 2.00 m
- Sudut kemiringan permukaan tembok b = 5.00 o

- Sudut gesek antara tembok dengan tanah d = 20.00 o

- Berat isi tanah lapisan 1 g1 = 1.79 t/m3

- Berat isi tanah terendam lapisan 1 g'1 = 0.85 t/m3
- Berat isi tanah terendam lapisan 2 g'2 = 0.88 t/m3
- Sudut gesek dalam tanah lapisan 1 f'1 = 25.00 o

- Sudut gesek dalam tanah lapisan 2 f'2 = 28.00 o

- Berat isi pasangan batu g'p = 2.20 t/m3

- Berat isi beton bertulang g'b = 2.50 t/m3

PENYELESAIAN

1. Merencanakan dimensi pondasi sesuai persyaratan yang ada

Created by Servin P. / D 111 00 100

 Rekayasa Pondasi

g ij

b = 5.00 o
Ho
a = 5.00 o

d = 20.00 o
Ha
g1 = 1.79 t/m3
g'1 = 0.85 t/m3
H H1
Hb g'2 = 0.88 t/m3
f'1 = 25.00 o

H2 Hc f'2 = 28.00 o

d g'b = 2.50 t/m3

a e
k x x

Keterangan :

H = Tinggi tembok penahan = 4.50 m

Ha = Kedalaman muka air dari puncak = 1.50 m
H1 = Tebal lapisan tanah 1 = 3.00 m
H2 = Tinggi tanah didepan tembok = 2.00 m
Hb = H1 - H a = 1.50 m
B = 2/3 . H = 3.00 m
d = 1/6 . H = 0.75 m
Hc = H - H1 - d = 0.75 m
a = 1/12 . H = 0.38 m
x = ( H - d ) . tan a = 0.33 m
k = d = 0.75 m
e = B-(x+a+k) = 1.22 m
H0 = ( e + x ) . tan b = 0.14 m
g = Ha . tan a = 0.13 m
i = ( H1 - Ha ) . tan a = 0.13 m
j = Hb . tan a = 0.07 m

2. Menghitung tekanan tanah secara analitis

Pa1 Ho

Pa2
Ha
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Pa2
Ha
Pa3

H Pa4 H1
Hb
Pa5

Pa6 Hc
H2 Pa7
Pp Pa8
Pa9 d

a. Menghitung koefisien tekanan tanah

1. Koefisien tekanan tanah aktif

2
cos (φ−α)
K a=

( √ )
2
2 sin(φ +δ ). sin( φ− β )
cos α . cos( α+δ ). 1+
cos( α+δ ). cos(α−β )
- Untuk lapisan 1
Diketahui : a = 5.00 o

f1 = 25.00 o
Ka1 = 0.45425
d = 20.00 o

b = 5.00 o

- Untuk lapisan 2
Pada bagian yang miring
Diketahui : a = 5.00 o

f2 = 28.00 o

Ka2 = 0.41731
d = 20.00 o

b = 5.00 o

Pada bagian yang tegak

Diketahui : a = 0.00 o

f2 = 28.00 o
Ka3 = 0.38762
d = 20.00 o

b = 5.00 o

2. Koefisien tekanan tanah pasif

2
cos ( φ+α )
Kp=

( √ )
2
2 sin( φ+δ ).sin (φ+β ) Created by Servin P. / D 111 00 100
cos α . cos(α−δ ). 1−
cos(α−δ ). cos(α+β )
 Rekayasa Pondasi

cos 2 ( φ+α )
Kp=

( √ )
2
2 sin( φ+δ ).sin (φ+β )
cos α . cos(α−δ ). 1−
cos(α−δ ). cos(α+β )

Diketahui : a = 0.00 o

f2 = 28.00 o
Kp = 6.15625
d = 20.00 o

b = 0.00 o

b. Menghitung tekanan tanah aktif

- akibat pengaruh beban (q) terhadap tanah setinggi H0
s1 = q . Ka1
s1 = 1.13563 t/m2

- Akibat beban (q) terhadap tanah setinggi Ha

s2 = q . Ka1
s2 = 1.13563 t/m2

- Akibat tanah setinggi Ha

s3 = g1 . Ha . Ka1
s3 = 1.21966 t/m2

- Akibat beban (q) dan tanah setinggi Ha terhadap tanah setinggi Hb

s4 = ( q + g1 . Ha ) . Ka1
s4 = 2.35529 t/m2

- Akibat tanah setinggi Hb

s5 = g'1 . Hb . Ka1
s5 = 0.57917 t/m2

- Akibat beban (q), tanah setinggi ha, tanah setinggi Hb terhadap tanah
setinggi Hc
s6 = ( q + g1 . Ha + g'1 . Hb ) . Ka2
s6 = 2.69585 t/m2

- Akibat tanah setinggi Hc

s7 = g'2 . Hc . Ka2
s7 = 0.27543 t/m2

- Akibat beban (q), tanah setinggi ha, tanah setinggi Hb, tanah setinggi Hc
terhadap tanah setinggi d

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s8 = ( q + g1 . Ha + g'1 . Hb + g'2 . Hc ) . Ka3

s8 = 2.75984 t/m2

- Akibat tanah setinggi d

s9 = g'2 . d . Ka3
s9 = 0.25583 t/m2

b. Menghitung tekanan tanah pasif

sp = g'2. H2 . Kp
sp = 10.835 t/m2

c. Menghitung gaya tekanan tanah aktif

Pa1= 0,5 x s1 x H0 Pa1= 0.07685 t/m

Pa2= s2 x Ha Pa2= 1.70344 t/m
Pa3= 0,5 x s3 x Ha Pa3= 0.91475 t/m
Pa4= s4 x Hb Pa4= 3.53294 t/m
Pa5= 0,5 x s5 x Hb Pa5= 0.43438 t/m
Pa6= s6 x Hc Pa6= 2.02189 t/m
Pa7= 0,5 x s7 x Hc Pa7= 0.10329 t/m
Pa8= s8 x d Pa8= 2.06988 t/m
Pa9= 0,5 x s9 x d Pa9= 0.09594 t/m

d. Menghitung gaya tekanan tanah pasif

Pp = 0,5 x sp x H2 Pp = 10.835 t/m

e. Menghitung lengan momen tekanan tanah aktif

za1= (1/3) . H0 + H = 4.545 m

za2= (1/2) . Ha + Hb + Hc + d = 3.750 m
za3= (1/3) . Ha + Hb + Hc + d = 3.500 m
za4= (1/2) . Hb + Hc + d = 2.250 m
za5= (1/3) . Hb + Hc + d = 2.000 m
za6= (1/2) . Hc + d = 1.125 m
za7= (1/3) . Hc + d = 1.000 m
za8= (1/2) . d = 0.375 m
za9= (1/3) . d = 0.250 m

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f. Menghitung lengan momen tekanan tanah pasif

zp = (1/3) . H2 = 0.66667 m

4. Menghitung berat tanah dan konstruksi

g i j
12

1 Ho
3
2
Ha

5
H 4 H1
8 Hb

7
10 9 6 Hc
H2

11
d
A

k x a x e

a. Menghitung luas irisan

F1 = (1/2) . H0 . ( x + e ) = 0.105 m2
F 2 = Ha . ( i + j + e ) = 2.124 m2
F3 = (1/2) . Ha . g = 0.098 m2
F 4 = Hb . ( j + e ) = 1.927 m2
F5 = (1/2) . Hb . i = 0.098 m2
F 6 = Hc . e = 0.914 m2
F7 = (1/2) . Hc . j = 0.025 m2
F8 = ( H - d ) . a = 1.406 m2
F9 = (1/2) . ( H - d ) . x = 0.615 m2
F10= F9 = 0.615 m2
F11= B . d = 2.250 m2

b. Menghitung berat irisan

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G1 = F1 . g1 = 0.187 t/m G7 = F7 . g'2 = 0.022 t/m

G2 = F2 . g1 = 3.801 t/m G8 = F8 . gb = 3.516 t/m
G3 = F3 . g1 = 0.176 t/m G9 = F9 . gb = 1.538 t/m
G4 = F4 . g'1 = 1.638 t/m G10= F10 . gb = 1.538 t/m
G5 = F5 . g'1 = 0.084 t/m G11= F11 . gb = 5.625 t/m
G6 = F6 . g'2 = 0.804 t/m G12= q . ( x + e ) . sec b = 3.882 t/m

c. Menghitung lengan momen berat tanah dan konstruksi

x1 = (2/3) . ( x + e ) + a + x + k = 2.484 m
x2 = (1/2) . ( i + j + e ) + g + a + x + k = 2.292 m
x3 = (2/3) . g + a + x + k = 1.541 m
x4 = (1/2) . ( j + e ) + i + g + a + x + k = 2.358 m
x5 = (2/3) . i + g + a + x + k = 1.672 m
x6 = (1/2) . e + 2x + a + k = 2.391 m
x7 = (2/3) . j + i + g + a + x + k = 1.748 m
x8 = (1/2) . a + x + k = 1.266 m
x9 = (1/3) . x + a + x + k = 1.562 m
x10= (2/3) . x + k = 0.969 m
x11= (1/2) . B = 1.500 m
x12= (1/2) . ( e + x ) + a + x + k = 2.227 m

5. Menghitung momen akibat tekanan tanah

Mpa1 = Pa1 . za1 = 0.349 tm' Mpa6 = Pa6 . za6 = 2.275 tm'
Mpa2 = Pa2 . za2 = 6.388 tm' Mpa7 = Pa7 . za7 = 0.103 tm'
Mpa3 = Pa3 . za3 = 3.202 tm' Mpa8 = Pa8 . za8 = 0.776 tm'
Mpa4 = Pa4 . za4 = 7.949 tm' Mpa9 = Pa9 . za9 = 0.024 tm'
Mpa5 = Pa5 . za5 = 0.869 tm' Mpp = Pp . z p = 7.223 tm'

S Mp = S Mpa - S Mpp = 21.935 - 7.223 = 14.711 tm'

6. Menghitung momen akibat berat tanah dan konstruksi

Mg1 = G1 . x 1 = 0.466 tm' Mg7 = G7 . x 7 = 0.038 tm'

Mg2 = G2 . x 2 = 8.713 tm' Mg8 = G8 . x 8 = 4.449 tm'
Mg3 = G3 . x 3 = 0.271 tm' Mg9 = G9 . x 9 = 2.403 tm'
Mg4 = G4 . x 4 = 3.861 tm' Mg10 = G10 . x10 = 1.490 tm'
Mg5 = G5 . x 5 = 0.140 tm' Mg11 = G11 . x11 = 8.438 tm'
Mg6 = G6 . x 6 = 1.923 tm' Mg12 = G12 . x12 = 8.644 tm'

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S Mg = 40.835 tm'

7. Menghitung kestabilan konstruksi

a. Kontrol terhadap guling

S Mg 40.835
> 1.5 > 1.5
S Mp 14.711

2.77572 > 1.5 (OK!!!)

b. Kontrol terhadap geser

( S G + Pv ).tand + Pp 19.137
> 1.5 > 1.5
S Pa 10.9533

1.74717 > 1.5 (OK!!!)

c. Kontrol terhadap eksentrisitas

e < e' e' = (1/6) . B = 0.5

B ΣM g −ΣM p
e= − = 0.35477
2 ΣG

0.35477 < 0.5 (OK!!!)

d. Kontrol terhadap daya dukung tanah

smax < sijin tanah

σ=
ΣG
B
1±(6.e
B ) smax
smin
=
=
12.9985 t/m2
2.20852 t/m2

qult qult = cNcscdcic + qNqsqdqiq + 0,5gBNgsgdgig

s ijin tanah =
Sf ( diambil Sf = 3 )

N g =e π tan φ tan 2 45+ ( φ

2 ) = 14.7199 ( untuk f = f'2 )

Ng = ( Ng - 1 ) . tan ( 1,4 . f ) = 11.1897

D
dq = 1 + 2 tan f(1 - sin f)2 = 1.06921
Created by Servin P. / D 111 00 100
 Rekayasa Pondasi

dq = 1 + 2 tan f(1 - sin f)2 = 1.06921

B
dg = 1.0

( )
5
0. 5 . H
iq = 1− = 0.75991
Q+A f . c a . cot φ

( Q+ A . c . cot φ )
5
0 .7 . H
i = 1−
γ = 0.66387
f a

qult = cNcscdcic + qNqsqdqiq + 0,5gBNgsgdgig = 39.7053 t/m2

39.7053
s ijin tanah = = 13.2351 t/m2
3.0

smax < sijin tanah 12.9985 < 13.2351 (OK!!!)

9. Menghitung Momen, gaya geser, gaya normal dan tegangan pada potongan

g ij
G12

G1
Pa1 Ho
G3
G2 Pa2
Ha
Pa3

G5
H G8 Pa4 H1
G4 Hb
Pa5

1 G9 G7 3
G10 G6 Pa6 Hc
H2 2 2
Pa7
Pp
G11 Pa8 d
Pa9
1 3

k x a x e

- Potongan 1 - 1

a. Momen lentur

M 1 - 1 = G1 ((2/3). (e+x)+a+x) + G2 ((1/2). (e+x-g)+g+a+x) + G3 ((2/3).g+a+x)

+ G4 ((1/2). (e+j)+i+g+a+x) + G5 ((2/3).i+g+a+x) + G6 ( (1/2).e+2x+a)
+ G7 ( (2/3) . j+i+g+a+x ) + G8 ( (1/2) . a+x ) + G9 ( (1/3) . x+a+x )

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 Rekayasa Pondasi

+ G10((2/3).x) + G11((1/2).B-k) + G12((1/2).(e+x)+a+x)

M 1 - 1 = 23.7271 tm'

b. Gaya geser

D = Pa1 + Pa2 + Pa3 + Pa4 + Pa5 + Pa6 + Pa7 + Pa8 + Pa9 - Pp

D = 0.11834 ton

c. Gaya normal

N = G1 + G2 + G3 + G4 + G5 + G6 + G7 + G8 + G9 + G10 + G11 + G12

N = 22.811 ton

d. Tegangan lentur

Momen inersia permeter panjang pondasi :

b= 1.00 m 1
Ix = b . h3 = 0.03516 m4
h= 0.75 m 12

M.y
s= s = 253.089 t/m2
Ix

e. Tegangan geser

D.s
t= t = 1.26225 t/m2
b . Ix

f. Tegangan normal

N
sN = sN = 30.4141 t/m2
A

- Potongan 2 - 2

a. Momen lentur

M 2 - 2 = Pa1 ((1/3).H0 +H1+Hc) + Pa2 ((1/2).Ha+Hb+Hc) + Pa3 ((1/3).Ha+Hb+Hc)

+ Pa4((1/2).Hb+Hc) + Pa5((1/3).Hb+Hc) + Pa6((1/2).Hc) + Pa7((1/3).Hc)
- Pa8( (1/2).d ) - Pa9( (2/3).d ) - Pp( (H2 - d) - (2/3).H2 )
M 2 - 2 = 14.3921 tm'

b. Gaya geser

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D = G1 + G2 + G3 + G4 + G5 + G6 + G7 + G8 + G9 + G10 + G12
D = 17.186 ton

c. Gaya normal

N = Pa1 + Pa2 + Pa3 + Pa4 + Pa6 + P7

N = 8.78752 ton

d. Tegangan lentur

Momen inersia permeter panjang pondasi :

b = 1.00 m 1
Ix = b . h3 = 0.09137 m4
h = 1.03 m 12

M.y
s= s = 59.0681 t/m2
Ix

e. Tegangan geser

D.s
t= t = 70.5329 t/m2
b . Ix

f. Tegangan normal

N
sN = sN = 8.52194 t/m2
A

- Potongan 2 - 2

a. Momen lentur

M 3 - 3 = G1 ( (2/3) . (e+x)-x ) + G2 ( (1/2) . (e+x-g)-i-j ) - G3 ( (1/3) . g+i+j )

+ G4 ( (1/2). (e+j)-j ) - G5 ( (1/3).i+j ) + G6 ( (1/2).e ) - G7 ( (1/3).j )
- G8 ((1/2) . a+x) - G9 ((2/3).x) - G10((1/3).x+a+x) - G11((1/2).B-e)
+ G12((1/2).(e+x)-x)
M 3 - 3 = 0.20564 tm'

b. Gaya geser

D = Pa1 + Pa2 + Pa3 + Pa4 + Pa5 + Pa6 + Pa7 + Pa8 + Pa9 - Pp

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D = 0.11834 ton

c. Gaya normal

N = G1 + G2 + G3 + G4 + G5 + G6 + G7 + G8 + G9 + G10 + G11 + G12

N = 22.811 ton

d. Tegangan lentur

Momen inersia permeter panjang pondasi :

b= 1.00 m 1
Ix = b . h3 = 0.03516 m4
h= 0.75 m 12

M.y
s= s = 2.19351 t/m2
Ix

e. Tegangan geser

D.s
t= t = 1.26225 t/m2
b . Ix

f. Tegangan normal

N
sN = sN = 30.4141 t/m2
A

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 Rekayasa Pondasi

III. Tembok Penahan

Ha

H H1

1 3
H2 2 2

1 3

Diketahui konstruksi tembok penahan tipe Gravity wall dengan data-data sebagai berkut :

- Beban merata permukaan q = 2.00 t/m2

- Tinggi tembok penahan H = 3.00 m
- Tebal lapisan tanah 1 H1 = 2.00 m
- Kedalaman muka air dari puncak Ha = 1.50 m
- Tinggi tanah didepan tembok H2 = 0.10 m
- Sudut kemiringan permukaan tembok b = 25.00 o

- Sudut gesek antara tembok dengan tanah d = 20.00 o

- Berat isi tanah lapisan 1 g1 = 1.79 t/m3

- Berat isi tanah terendam lapisan 1 g'1 = 0.85 t/m3
- Berat isi tanah terendam lapisan 2 g'2 = 0.88 t/m3
- Sudut gesek dalam tanah lapisan 1 f'1 = 30.00 o

- Sudut gesek dalam tanah lapisan 2 f'2 = 28.00 o

- Berat isi pasangan batu g'p = 1.80 t/m3

- Berat isi beton bertulang g'b = 2.50 t/m3

PENYELESAIAN

1. Merencanakan dimensi pondasi sesuai persyaratan yang ada

g ij

Created by Servin P. / D 111 00 100

 Rekayasa Pondasi

b = 25.00 o
Ho
a = 1.00 o

d = 20.00 o
Ha
g1 = 1.79 t/m3
g'1 = 0.85 t/m3
H H1
Hb g'2 = 0.88 t/m3
f'1 = 30.00 o

H2 Hc f'2 = 28.00 o

d g'b = 2.50 t/m3

x
k x a e

Keterangan :

H = Tinggi tembok penahan = 3.00 m

Ha = Kedalaman muka air dari puncak = 1.50 m
H1 = Tebal lapisan tanah 1 = 2.00 m
H2 = Tinggi tanah didepan tembok = 0.10 m
Hb = H1 - Ha = 0.50 m
B = 2/3 . H = 2.00 m
d = 1/6 . H = 0.50 m
Hc = H - H1 - d = 0.50 m
a = 1/12 . H = 0.25 m
x = ( H - d ) . tan a = 0.04 m
k = d = 0.50 m
e = B-(x+a+k) = 1.16 m
H0 = ( e + x ) . tan b = 0.56 m
g = Ha . tan a = 0.03 m
i = ( H1 - Ha ) . tan a = 0.01 m
j = Hb . tan a = 0.01 m

2. Menghitung tekanan tanah secara analitis

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 Rekayasa Pondasi

Pa1 Ho

Pa2
Ha
Pa3

H Pa4 H1
Hb
Pa5

Pa6 Hc
H2 Pa7
Pp
Pa8 d
Pa9

a. Menghitung koefisien tekanan tanah

1. Koefisien tekanan tanah aktif

2
cos (φ−α)
K a=

( √ )
2
sin(φ +δ ). sin( φ− β )
cos 2 α . cos( α+δ ). 1+
cos( α+δ ). cos(α−β )
- Untuk lapisan 1
Diketahui : a = 1.00 o

f1 = 30.00 o
Ka1 = 0.57217
d = 20.00 o

b = 25.00 o

- Untuk lapisan 2
Pada bagian yang miring
Diketahui : a = 1.00 o

f2 = 28.00 o

Ka2 = 0.64826
d = 20.00 o

b = 25.00 o

Pada bagian yang tegak

Diketahui : a = 0.00 o

f2 = 28.00 o
Ka3 = 0.63786
d = 20.00 o

b = 25.00 o

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 Rekayasa Pondasi

2. Koefisien tekanan tanah pasif

2
cos ( φ+α )
Kp=

( √ )
2
2 sin( φ+δ ).sin (φ+β )
cos α . cos(α−δ ). 1−
cos(α−δ ). cos(α+β )

Diketahui : a = 0.00 o

f2 = 28.00 o
Kp = 6.15625
d = 20.00 o

b = 0.00 o

b. Menghitung tekanan tanah aktif

- akibat pengaruh beban (q) terhadap tanah setinggi H0
s1 = q . Ka1
s1 = 1.14433 t/m2

- Akibat beban (q) terhadap tanah setinggi Ha

s2 = q . Ka1
s2 = 1.14433 t/m2

- Akibat tanah setinggi Ha

s3 = g1 . Ha . Ka1
s3 = 1.53626 t/m2

- Akibat beban (q) dan tanah setinggi Ha terhadap tanah setinggi Hb

s4 = ( q + g1 . Ha ) . Ka1
s4 = 2.68059 t/m2

- Akibat tanah setinggi Hb

s5 = g'1 . Hb . Ka1
s5 = 0.24317 t/m2

- Akibat beban (q), tanah setinggi ha, tanah setinggi Hb terhadap tanah
setinggi Hc
s6 = ( q + g1 . Ha + g'1 . Hb ) . Ka2
s6 = 3.31259 t/m2

- Akibat tanah setinggi Hc

s7 = g'2 . Hc . Ka2
s7 = 0.28523 t/m2

- Akibat beban (q), tanah setinggi ha, tanah setinggi Hb, tanah setinggi Hc

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terhadap tanah setinggi d

s8 = ( q + g1 . Ha + g'1 . Hb + g'2 . Hc ) . Ka3
s8 = 3.54013 t/m2

- Akibat tanah setinggi d

s9 = g'2 . d . Ka3
s9 = 0.28066 t/m2

b. Menghitung tekanan tanah pasif

sp = g'2. H2 . Kp
sp = 0.54175 t/m2

c. Menghitung gaya tekanan tanah aktif

Pa1= 0,5 x s1 x H0 Pa1= 0.32186 t/m

Pa2= s2 x Ha Pa2= 1.7165 t/m
Pa3= 0,5 x s3 x Ha Pa3= 1.1522 t/m
Pa4= s4 x Hb Pa4= 1.3403 t/m
Pa5= 0,5 x s5 x Hb Pa5= 0.06079 t/m
Pa6= s6 x Hc Pa6= 1.6563 t/m
Pa7= 0,5 x s7 x Hc Pa7= 0.07131 t/m
Pa8= s8 x d Pa8= 1.77006 t/m
Pa9= 0,5 x s9 x d Pa9= 0.07016 t/m

d. Menghitung gaya tekanan tanah pasif

Pp = 0,5 x sp x H2 Pp = 0.02709 t/m

e. Menghitung lengan momen tekanan tanah aktif

za1= (1/3) . H0 + H = 3.188 m

za2= (1/2) . Ha + Hb + Hc + d = 2.250 m
za3= (1/3) . Ha + Hb + Hc + d = 2.000 m
za4= (1/2) . Hb + Hc + d = 1.250 m
za5= (1/3) . Hb + Hc + d = 1.167 m
za6= (1/2) . Hc + d = 0.750 m
za7= (1/3) . Hc + d = 0.667 m
za8= (1/2) . d = 0.250 m
za9= (1/3) . d = 0.167 m

f. Menghitung lengan momen tekanan tanah pasif

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zp = (1/3) . H2 = 0.03333 m

4. Menghitung berat tanah dan konstruksi

gi j
12

1 Ho
3
2
Ha

5
H 4 H1
8 Hb

7
10 9 6 Hc
H2

11
A d

k x a x e

a. Menghitung luas irisan

F1 = (1/2) . H0 . ( x + e ) = 0.339 m2
F2 = Ha . ( i + j + e ) = 1.770 m2
F3 = (1/2) . Ha . g = 0.020 m2
F4 = Hb . ( j + e ) = 0.586 m2
F5 = (1/2) . Hb . i = 0.002 m2
F6 = Hc . e = 0.581 m2
F7 = (1/2) . Hc . j = 0.002 m2
F8 = ( H - d ) . a = 0.625 m2
F9 = (1/2) . ( H - d ) . x = 0.055 m2
F10= F9 = 0.055 m2
F11= B . d = 1.000 m2

b. Menghitung berat irisan

G1 = F1 . g1 = 0.607 t/m G7 = F7 . g'2 = 0.002 t/m

G2 = F2 . g1 = 3.169 t/m G8 = F8 . gb = 1.563 t/m
G3 = F3 . g1 = 0.035 t/m G9 = F9 . gb = 0.136 t/m

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G4 = F4 . g'1 = 0.498 t/m G10= F10 . gb = 0.136 t/m

G5 = F5 . g'1 = 0.002 t/m G11= F11 . gb = 2.500 t/m
G6 = F6 . g'2 = 0.512 t/m G12= q . ( x + e ) . sec b = 2.662 t/m

c. Menghitung lengan momen berat tanah dan konstruksi

x1 = (2/3) . ( x + e ) + a + x + k = 1.598 m
x2 = (1/2) . ( i + j + e ) + g + a + x + k = 1.410 m
x3 = (2/3) . g + a + x + k = 0.811 m
x4 = (1/2) . ( j + e ) + i + g + a + x + k = 1.414 m
x5 = (2/3) . i + g + a + x + k = 0.826 m
x6 = (1/2) . e + 2x + a + k = 1.419 m
x7 = (2/3) . j + i + g + a + x + k = 0.833 m
x8 = (1/2) . a + x + k = 0.669 m
x9 = (1/3) . x + a + x + k = 0.808 m
x10= (2/3) . x + k = 0.529 m
x11= (1/2) . B = 1.000 m
x12= (1/2) . ( e + x ) + a + x + k = 1.397 m

5. Menghitung momen akibat tekanan tanah

Mpa1 = Pa1 . za1 = 1.026 tm' Mpa6 = Pa6 . za6 = 1.242 tm'
Mpa2 = Pa2 . za2 = 3.862 tm' Mpa7 = Pa7 . za7 = 0.048 tm'
Mpa3 = Pa3 . za3 = 2.304 tm' Mpa8 = Pa8 . za8 = 0.443 tm'
Mpa4 = Pa4 . za4 = 1.675 tm' Mpa9 = Pa9 . za9 = 0.012 tm'
Mpa5 = Pa5 . za5 = 0.071 tm' Mpp = Pp . zp = 0.001 tm'

S Mp = S Mpa - S Mpp = 10.683 - 0.001 = 10.682 tm'

6. Menghitung momen akibat berat tanah dan konstruksi

Mg1 = G1 . x1 = 0.970 tm' Mg7 = G7 . x7 = 0.002 tm'

Mg2 = G 2 . x2 = 4.468 tm' Mg8 = G8 . x8 = 1.045 tm'
Mg3 = G 3 . x3 = 0.029 tm' Mg9 = G9 . x9 = 0.110 tm'
Mg4 = G 4 . x4 = 0.704 tm' Mg10 = G10 . x10 = 0.072 tm'
Mg5 = G 5 . x5 = 0.002 tm' Mg11 = G11 . x11 = 2.500 tm'
Mg6 = G 6 . x6 = 0.726 tm' Mg12 = G12 . x12 = 3.719 tm'

S Mg = 14.345 tm'

7. Menghitung kestabilan konstruksi

a. Kontrol terhadap guling

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S Mg 14.345
> 1.5 > 1.5
S Mp 10.682

1.34297 > 1.5 (cari lagi)

b. Kontrol terhadap geser

( S G + Pv ).tand + Pp 4.330
> 1.5 > 1.5
S Pa 8.15948

0.53066 > 1.5 (cari lagi)

c. Kontrol terhadap eksentrisitas

e < e' e' = (1/6) . B = 0.3

B ΣM g −ΣM p
e= − = 0.69011
2 ΣG

0.69011 < 0.3 (cari lagi)

d. Kontrol terhadap daya dukung tanah

smax < sijin tanah

σ=
ΣG
B
1±(6.e
B ) smax
smin
=
=
18.1485 t/m2
-6.3266 t/m2

qult qult = cNcscdcic + qNqsqdqiq + 0,5gBNgsgdgig

s ijin tanah =
Sf ( diambil Sf = 3 )

N g =e π tan φ tan 2 45+ ( φ

2 ) = 14.7199 ( untuk f = f'2 )

Ng = ( Ng - 1 ) . tan ( 1,4 . f ) = 11.1897

D
dq = 1 + 2 tan f(1 - sin f)2 = 1.06921
B
dg = 1.0

( )
5
0. 5 . H
i q = 1− = 0.6549
Q+ A f . c a . cot φ

( Q+ A . c . cot φ )
5
0 .7 . H
i = 1−
γ = 0.51686
f a
Created by Servin P. / D 111 00 100
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( )
5
0 .7 . H
i γ = 1− = 0.51686
Q+ A f . c a . cot φ

qult = cNcscdcic + qNqsqdqiq + 0,5gBNgsgdgig = 25.704 t/m2

25.704
s ijin tanah = = 8.56799 t/m2
3.0

smax < sijin tanah 18.1485 < 8.56799 (cari lagi)

9. Menghitung Momen, gaya geser, gaya normal dan tegangan pada potongan

g i j
G12

G1
Pa1 Ho
G3
G2 Pa2
Pa3
Ha

G5
G8 Pa4 H1
H G4 Hb
Pa5

1 G9 G7 3
G10 G6 Pa6
H2 Pa7 Hc
2 2
Pp
G11 Pa8 Pa9 d
1 3

k x a x e

- Potongan 1 - 1

a. Momen lentur

M 1 - 1 = G1 ((2/3). (e+x)+a+x) + G2 ((1/2). (e+x-g)+g+a+x) + G3 ((2/3).g+a+x)

+ G4 ((1/2). (e+j)+i+g+a+x) + G5 ((2/3).i+g+a+x) + G6 ( (1/2).e+2x+a)
+ G7 ( (2/3) . j+i+g+a+x ) + G8 ( (1/2) . a+x ) + G9 ( (1/3) . x+a+x )
+ G10((2/3).x) + G11((1/2).B-k) + G12((1/2).(e+x)+a+x)
M 1 - 1 = 8.43442 tm'

b. Gaya geser

D = Pa1 + Pa2 + Pa3 + Pa4 + Pa5 + Pa6 + Pa7 + Pa8 + Pa9 - Pp

D = 8.13239 ton

c. Gaya normal

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N = G1 + G2 + G3 + G4 + G5 + G6 + G7 + G8 + G9 + G10 + G11 + G12

N = 11.822 ton

d. Tegangan lentur

Momen inersia permeter panjang pondasi :

b= 1.00 m 1
Ix = b . h3 = 0.01042 m4
h= 0.50 m 12

M.y
s= s = 202.426 t/m2
Ix

e. Tegangan geser

D.s
t= t = 195.177 t/m2
b . Ix

f. Tegangan normal

N
sN = sN = 23.6438 t/m2
A

- Potongan 2 - 2

a. Momen lentur

M 2 - 2 = Pa1 ((1/3).H0 +H1+Hc) + Pa2 ((1/2).Ha+Hb+Hc) + Pa3 ((1/3).Ha+Hb+Hc)

+ Pa4((1/2).Hb+Hc) + Pa5((1/3).Hb+Hc) + Pa6((1/2).Hc) + Pa7((1/3).Hc)
- Pa8( (1/2).d ) - Pa9( (2/3).d ) - Pp( (H2 - d) - (2/3).H2 )
M 2-2 = 5.9719 tm'

b. Gaya geser

D = G1 + G2 + G3 + G4 + G5 + G6 + G7 + G8 + G9 + G10 + G12
D = 9.322 ton

c. Gaya normal

N = Pa1 + Pa2 + Pa3 + Pa4 + Pa6 + P7

N = 6.31925 ton

d. Tegangan lentur

Created by Servin P. / D 111 00 100

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Momen inersia permeter panjang pondasi :

b = 1.00 m 1
Ix = b . h3 = 0.0032 m4
h = 0.34 m 12

M.y
s= s = 466.96 t/m2
Ix

e. Tegangan geser

D.s
t= t = 728.909 t/m2
b . Ix

f. Tegangan normal

N
sN = sN = 18.7362 t/m2
A

- Potongan 2 - 2

a. Momen lentur

M 3 - 3 = G1 ( (2/3) . (e+x)-x ) + G2 ( (1/2) . (e+x-g)-i-j ) - G3 ( (1/3) . g+i+j )

+ G4 ( (1/2). (e+j)-j ) - G5 ( (1/3).i+j ) + G6 ( (1/2).e ) - G7 ( (1/3).j )
- G8 ((1/2) . a+x) - G9 ((2/3).x) - G10((1/3).x+a+x) - G11((1/2).B-e)
+ G12((1/2).(e+x)-x)
M 3-3 = 4.44718 tm'

b. Gaya geser

D = Pa1 + Pa2 + Pa3 + Pa4 + Pa5 + Pa6 + Pa7 + Pa8 + Pa9 - Pp

D = 8.13239 ton

c. Gaya normal

N = G1 + G2 + G3 + G4 + G5 + G6 + G7 + G8 + G9 + G10 + G11 + G12

N = 11.822 ton

d. Tegangan lentur

Momen inersia permeter panjang pondasi :

b = 1.00 m 1
Ix = b . h3 = 0.01042 m4
h = 0.50 m 12

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M.y
s= s = 106.732 t/m2
Ix

e. Tegangan geser

D.s
t= t = 195.177 t/m2
b . Ix

f. Tegangan normal

N
sN = sN = 23.6438 t/m2
A

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III. Tembok Penahan

Data :
q = 2 t/m2
H = 5.5 m
H0 = 0.15 m
H1 = 1.5 m
H2 = 4 m
β = 8 ° cos β = 0.99027 sinβ = 0.14
λ = 8 ° cos λ = 0.99027 sinλ = 0.14
Ø = 30.00 o
COSØ = 0.86603
k = 1 m sin(Ø+λ) = 0.61566
a = 2 m sin(Ø-β) = 0.37461
b = 0.9 m
e = 1 m
γtanah = 1.85 t/m3
γpas.batu = 2.2 t/m3
γair = 1 t/m3

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Ka = 0.34346
Kp = 2.85513

Tekanan Tanah Aktif Lengan momen Tanah aktif

P1 = 0.05152 t Z1 = 5.55 m M1 = 0.29 tm
P2 = 1.03039 t Z2 = 4.75 m M2 = 4.89 tm
P3 = 0.71483 t Z3 = 4.5 m M3 = 3.22 tm
P4 = 6.56013 t Z4 = 2 m M4 = 13.12 tm
P5 = 2.7477 t Z5 = 1.33333 m M5 = 3.66 tm
25.18 tm

Berat Strutur pasangan batu Lengan momen pasangan batu

W1 = 10.89 t f1 = 1.55 M1 = 16.88 tm
W2 = 6.655 t f2 = 0.73333 M2 = 4.88 tm
21.76 tm

Sf = 0.86414

Created by Servin P. / D 111 00 100