DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN..................................................................................ii

KATA PENGANTAR..........................................................................................ii

DAFTAR ISI.......................................................................................................iv

DAFTAR GAMBAR...........................................................................................xi

DAFTAR TABEL................................................................................................xiii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN.........................................................................................xvi

PRAKTIKUM 1 PENGENALAN PHYLUM PORIFERA.....................................

I. PENDAHULUAN.............................................................................................1
A. Latar Belakang..................................................................................1
B. Tujuan...............................................................................................2
II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA....................................................................................3
A. Zoologi Laut......................................................................................3
B. Invertebrata.......................................................................................3
C. Filum Porifera...................................................................................3
III. METODE PRAKTIKUM.................................................................................9
A. Waktu dan Tempat............................................................................9
B. Alat dan Bahan.................................................................................9
C. Prosedur Kerja..................................................................................9
IV. HASIL...........................................................................................................11
1. Schypa sp.......................................................................................11
2. Niphates sp.....................................................................................11
3. Clathria sp.......................................................................................11
4. Aaptos sp........................................................................................12
5. Petrosia nigrians.............................................................................13
6. Sycon..............................................................................................13
7. Leucon............................................................................................13
V. PEMBAHASAN..............................................................................................14
1. Morfologi ..........................................................................................14
2. Anatomi ............................................................................................15
VI. PENUTUP.....................................................................................................17
A. Kesimpulan.......................................................................................17
 B. Saran................................................................................................17
DAFTAR PUSTAKA...........................................................................................18
LAMPIRAN.........................................................................................................19

PRAKTIKUM II PENGENALAN PHYLUM CNIDARIA.......................................

I. PENDAHULUAN.............................................................................................27
A. Latar Belakang..................................................................................27
B. Tujuan...............................................................................................27
II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA....................................................................................28
A. Pengertian Filum Cnidaria.................................................................28
B. Karakteristik Filum Cnidaria..............................................................29
C. Kelas Filum Cnidaria.........................................................................29
III. METODE PRAKTIKUM.................................................................................39
A. Waktu dan Tempat............................................................................39
B. Alat dan Bahan.................................................................................40
C. Prosedur Kerja..................................................................................41
IV. HASIL...........................................................................................................42
1. Morologi Aurelia aurita......................................................................42
2. Morfologi Anemon laut......................................................................43
3. Favia sp............................................................................................43
4. Fungia sp..........................................................................................43
5. Acropora sp......................................................................................44
6. Anatomi Aurelia Aulita.......................................................................44
7. Anatomi Anemon laut........................................................................44
V. PEMBAHASAN..............................................................................................45
VI. PENUTUP.....................................................................................................50
A.Kesimpulan.........................................................................................50
B.Saran...................................................................................................50
DAFTAR PUSTAKA...........................................................................................51
LAMPIRAN.........................................................................................................53

PRAKTIKUM III PENGENALAN PHYLUM ANNELIDA.....................................

I. PENDAHULUAN.............................................................................................61
A. Latar Belakang..................................................................................61
B. Tujuan...............................................................................................61
II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA....................................................................................62
 A. Phylum Annelida...............................................................................64
B. Nereis sp...........................................................................................64
C. Sipuncula sp.....................................................................................65
D. Lumbricus Terestris..........................................................................69
III. METODE PRAKTIKUM.................................................................................70
A. Waktu dan Tempat............................................................................70
B. Alat dan Bahan.................................................................................70
C. Prosedur Kerja..................................................................................70
IV. HASIL...........................................................................................................72
1. Morfologi Nereis sp...........................................................................72
2. Morfologi Lumbricus terestris............................................................72
3. Morfologi Sipuncula sp......................................................................72
4. Anatomi Lumbricus terestris..............................................................72
V. PEMBAHASAN..............................................................................................74
VI. PENUTUP.....................................................................................................76
A. Kesimpulan.......................................................................................76
B. Saran................................................................................................76
DAFTAR PUSTAKA...........................................................................................77
LAMPIRAN.........................................................................................................79

PRAKTIKUM IV PENGENALAN PHYLUM MOLUSCA.....................................

I. PENDAHULUAN.............................................................................................84
A. Latar Belakang..................................................................................84
B. Tujuan...............................................................................................85
II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA....................................................................................86
A. Gastropoda.......................................................................................89
B. Scaphopoda......................................................................................92
C. Polyplapcophora...............................................................................92
D. Cephalopoda....................................................................................
E. Pelecypoda.......................................................................................
III. METODE PRAKTIKUM.................................................................................101
A. Waktu dan Tempat............................................................................101
B. Alat dan Bahan.................................................................................101
C. Prosedur Kerja..................................................................................101
IV. HASIL...........................................................................................................105
1. Cypraea tigris....................................................................................105
2. Lambis lambis...................................................................................105
 3. Pinctada sp.......................................................................................106
4. Tridacna sp.......................................................................................107
5. Pinna sp............................................................................................107
6. Nautilus sp........................................................................................108
7. Loligo sp...........................................................................................108
8. Anatomi sepia sp..............................................................................108
V. PEMBAHASAN..............................................................................................109
VI. PENUTUP.....................................................................................................112
A. Kesimpulan.......................................................................................112
B. Saran................................................................................................112
DAFTAR PUSTAKA...........................................................................................113
LAMPIRAN.........................................................................................................114

PRAKTIKUM V PENGENALAN PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA........................

I. PENDAHULUAN.............................................................................................125
A. Latar Belakang..................................................................................125
B. Tujuan...............................................................................................125
II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA....................................................................................125
A. Echinodermata..................................................................................126
B. Kelas Asteroida.................................................................................126
C. Kelas Ophiuroida..............................................................................129
D. Kelas Echinoidea..............................................................................133
E. Kelas Holothuroidea..........................................................................135
F. Kelas Crinoidea.................................................................................139
III. METODE PRAKTIKUM.................................................................................141
A. Waktu dan Tempat.............................................................................141
B.Alat dan Bahan....................................................................................141
C.Prosedur Kerja....................................................................................141
IV. HASIL...........................................................................................................146
1. Protoreaster nodosus........................................................................146
2. Linckia laevigata...............................................................................146
3. Diadema setosum.............................................................................146
4. Tripneustes gratilla............................................................................147
5. Culcita sp..........................................................................................147
6. Sea biscuits......................................................................................149
7. Actinopyga sp...................................................................................150
V. PEMBAHASAN..............................................................................................151
VI. PENUTUP.....................................................................................................153
A. Kesimpulan.......................................................................................153
B. Saran................................................................................................153
DAFTAR PUSTAKA...........................................................................................154
LAMPIRAN.........................................................................................................156

PRAKTIKUM VI PENGENALAN PHYLUM ARTHROPODA.............................

I. PENDAHULUAN.............................................................................................164
A. Latar Belakang..................................................................................164
B. Tujuan...............................................................................................165
II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA....................................................................................166
A. Arthropoda........................................................................................166
B. Crustacea.........................................................................................168
C. Myriapoda.........................................................................................170
D. Arachnoidea......................................................................................171
E. Insecta..............................................................................................173
III. METODE PRAKTIKUM.................................................................................176
A. Waktu dan Tempat............................................................................176
B. Alat dan Bahan.................................................................................176
C. Prosedur Kerja..................................................................................177
IV. HASIL...........................................................................................................178
1. Paneus monodon..............................................................................178
2. Scylla serrata....................................................................................178
3. Panulirus sp......................................................................................179
4. Thalamita sp.....................................................................................180
V. PEMBAHASAN..............................................................................................181
VI. PENUTUP.....................................................................................................182
A. Kesimpulan.......................................................................................182
B. Saran................................................................................................182
DAFTAR PUSTAKA...........................................................................................183
LAMPIRAN.........................................................................................................185

PRAKTIKUM VII PENGENALAN PHYLUM CHORDATA.................................

I. PENDAHULUAN.............................................................................................190
A. Latar Belakang..................................................................................190
B. Tujuan...............................................................................................190
II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA....................................................................................192
 A. Chordata...........................................................................................192
B. Vertebrata.........................................................................................192
C. Reptilia..............................................................................................193
D. Aves..................................................................................................195
E. Mamalia............................................................................................197
F. Amphibia...........................................................................................199
G. Pisces...............................................................................................201
III. METODE PRAKTIKUM.................................................................................203
A. Waktu dan Tempat............................................................................203
B. Alat dan Bahan.................................................................................203
C. Prosedur Kerja..................................................................................203
IV. HASIL...........................................................................................................205
1. Eretmochelys imbricata.....................................................................205
2. Hydrophis ortanus.............................................................................206
3. Gallus domesticus.............................................................................207
V. PEMBAHASAN..............................................................................................208
VI. PENUTUP.....................................................................................................209
A. Kesimpulan.......................................................................................209
B. Saran................................................................................................209
DAFTAR PUSTAKA...........................................................................................210
LAMPIRAN.........................................................................................................212

KESAN DAN PESAN.........................................................................................

DOKUMENTASI KELOMPOK...........................................................................
 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1 Scypha sp.........................................................................................11

Gambar 2 Petrosia nigrians...............................................................................11
Gambar 3. Aaptos sp.........................................................................................12
Gambar 4. Clathtia sp........................................................................................12
Gambar 5. Niphates sp. ....................................................................................13
Gambar 6. Ascon...............................................................................................13
Gambar 7. Sycon ..............................................................................................13
Gambar 8. Anatomi tubuh porifera.....................................................................15
Gambar 9 Aurelia aulita.....................................................................................42
Gambar 10 Anemon..........................................................................................42
Gambar 11 Fungia sp........................................................................................43
Gambar 12 Favia sp..........................................................................................44
Gambar 13 Acropora sp.....................................................................................44
Gambar 14 Anatomi Aurelia aurita.....................................................................44
Gambar 15 Anatomi Anemon............................................................................72
Gambar 16 Nereis sp.........................................................................................72
Gambar 17 Sipuncula sp. .................................................................................73
Gambar 18 Lumbricus terestris .........................................................................73
Gambar 19 Anatomi lumbricus terestris ............................................................81
Gambar 20 Bagian-Bagian Cangkang Siput Cypraea tigris...............................91
Gambar 21 Anatomi Scaphopoda......................................................................99
Gambar 22 Anatomi Pinna sp............................................................................105
Gambar 23 Cypraea tigris..................................................................................105
Gambar 24 Lambis Lambis................................................................................105
Gambar 25 Loligo sp.........................................................................................106
Gambar 26 Sepia sp..........................................................................................106
Gambar 27 Nautilus sp......................................................................................107
Gambar 28 Pinctada sp.....................................................................................107
Gambar 29 Tridacna sp.....................................................................................108
Gambar 30 Pinna sp..........................................................................................108
Gambar 31 Anatomi sepia sp............................................................................109
Gambar 32 Reproduksi dan daur hidup Asteroidea...........................................130
Gambar 33 Protereaster nodosus .....................................................................131
Gambar 34 Morfologi Echinoidea.......................................................................135
Gambar 35 Anatomi Echinoidea........................................................................136
Gambar 36 Diadema setosum...........................................................................137
Gambar 37 Echinothrix calamaris......................................................................138
Gambar 38 Protoreaster nodosus......................................................................146
Gambar 39 Linckia laevigata.............................................................................147
Gambar 40 Diadema setosum...........................................................................147
Gambar 41 Tripneustes gratilla..........................................................................148
Gambar 42 Culcita sp........................................................................................148
Gambar 43 Sea biscuit......................................................................................149
Gambar 44 Actinopyga sp.................................................................................150
Gambar 45 Crustacea.......................................................................................
Gambar 46 myriapoda.......................................................................................
Gambar 47 Penaeus monodon..........................................................................178
Gambar 48 Scylla serrata..................................................................................178
Gambar 49 Panulirus sp....................................................................................179
Gambar 50 Thalamita sp...................................................................................180
Gambar 51 Contoh Hewan Reptil .....................................................................192
Gambar 52 Ayam kampung (kiri), merak (kanan) dan elang (bawah)................195
Gambar 52 Balaenoptera musculus...................................................................197
Gambar 53 Hydropis Sp....................................................................................205
Gambar 54 Gallus domesticus ..........................................................................206
Gambar 55 Cygnus olor.....................................................................................206
Gambar 56 Eretmochelys imbricate...................................................................207
 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1. Alat praktikum I....................................................................................9

Tabel 2. Bahan praktikum I................................................................................9
Tabel 3. Alat praktikum II...................................................................................39
Tabel 4. Bahan praktikum Il...............................................................................39
Tabel 5. Alat praktikum lll...................................................................................70
Tabel 6. Bahan praktikum lll...............................................................................70
Tabel 7. Alat praktikum lV..................................................................................101
Tabel 8. Bahan praktikum lV..............................................................................101
Tabel 9. Alat praktikum V...................................................................................141
Tabel 10. Bahan praktikum V.............................................................................141
Tabel 11. Alat praktikum VI................................................................................176
Tabel 12. Bahan praktikum VI............................................................................176
Tabel 13. Bahan praktikum Vil ..........................................................................203
Tabel 14. Bahan praktikum Vil...........................................................................203
 DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1. Morfologi Petrosia nigrians............................................................

Lampiran 2. Anatomi Clathria sp.......................................................................
Lampiran 3. Morfologi Clathria sp......................................................................
Lampiran 4. Morfologi Callyspongia sp.............................................................
Lampiran 5. Anatomi Callyspongia sp...............................................................
Lampiran 6. Anatomi Petrosia nigrians..............................................................
Lampiran 7. Morfologi Clathria coroaliadis........................................................
Lampiran 8. Morfologi Favia sp.........................................................................
Lampiran 9. Morfologi Favia sp.........................................................................
Lampiran 10. Anatomi Anemon laut..................................................................
Lampiran 11. Morfologi Acropora sp.................................................................
Lampiran 12. Anatomi Aurelia aurita.................................................................
Lampiran 13. Morflogi Fungia sp.......................................................................
Lampiran 14. Morfologi Aurelia aurita................................................................
Lampiran 15. Morfologi Anemon Laut...............................................................
Lampiran 16. Anatomi Lumbricus terestris........................................................
Lampiran 17. Morfologi Nereis sp......................................................................
Lampiran 18. Morfologi Sipuncula sp................................................................
Lampiran 19. Morfologi Lumbricus terestris.......................................................
Lampiran 20. Morfologi Cypraea tigris...............................................................
Lampiran 21. Anatomi Sepia sp........................................................................
Lampiran 22. Morfologi Lambis lambis..............................................................
Lampiran 23. Morfologi Loligo sp......................................................................
Lampiran 24. Morfologi Naitilus sp....................................................................
Lampiran 25. Morfologi Pinctada sp..................................................................
Lampiran 26. Morfologi Pinna sp.......................................................................
Lampiran 27. Morfologi Tridacna sp..................................................................
Lampiran 28. Morfologi teripang........................................................................
Lampiran 29. Morfologi Protoreaster nodosus...................................................
Lampiran 30. Morfologi Sea biscuits.................................................................
Lampiran 31. Morfologi Diadema setosum........................................................
Lampiran 32. Morfologi Tripneustes gratilla.......................................................
Lampiran 33. morfologi echinotrix sp.................................................................
Lampiran 34. Morfologi Culcita sp.....................................................................
Lampiran 35. Morfologi Archaster sp.................................................................
Lampiran 36. Morfologi Paneus monodon.........................................................
Lampiran 37. Morfologi Scylla serrata...............................................................
Lampiran 38. Morfolgi Thalamita sp..................................................................
Lampiran 39. Kepiting jantan rajungan..............................................................
Lampiran 40. Kepiting betina rajungan..............................................................
Lampiran 41. Morfologi Panulirus sp.................................................................
Lampiran 42. Morfologi Hydrophis ornatus........................................................
Lampiran 43. Morfologi Etermachlys imbricata..................................................
Lampiran 44. Anatomi kerangka Gallus domesticus..........................................
Lampiran 45. Morfologi kerangka Gallus domesticus .......................................
 KESAN DAN PESAN

KESAN:
Kesan saya selama praktikum zoologi laut mulai dari praktikum pertama sampai
dengan asistensi umum pengumuman laporan lengkapa itu sangat senang karena
dapat mengetahui betapa banyak biota laut, dapat banyak ilmu walaupun sekali
hambatan ataupun lika-liku saat kerja laporan tapi saya tau dari semua itu kita belajar.
Semua butuh proses ketika ada niat untuk belajar, dari proses itulah yang membuat
kita terus berkembang dan pada akhirnya dan akan menjadi cerita, pokoknya
praktikum zoologi laut besttt asisten dan koordinatornya juga bestt.

PESAN:

Pesan saya terhadap praktikum ini semoga kedepannya alat dan bahan yang
ada dilaboratorium lebih dilengkapi lagi terlebih alat penyejuk ac ataupun kipas angin
dikarenakan ruangan laboratorium agak sedikit panas.
DOKUMENTASI KELOMPOK