Pengertian Conjunction

Conjunction atau kata sambung adalah kata yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan unit-unit
bahasa yang setara (kata dengan kata, frasa dengan frasa, klausa dengan klausa, kalimat
dengan kalimat, dan seterusnya). Pemakaian conjunction dapat dicontohkan dengan kalimat
di bawah ini.

You and I are on the same boat.

And menghubungkan kata (you) dengan kata (I) atau subjek dengan subjek.
Is that your father or your uncle?
Or menghubungkan frasa (your father) dan frase (your uncle) atau subjective
complement dan subjective complement.
We went home after the rain stopped.
After menghubungkan klausa (we went home) dan klause (the rain stopped) atau main
clause dan sub cluase.
He is smart but he is arrogant.
But menghubungkan kalimat (he is smart) dan kalimat (he is arrogant).
Dari kalimat di atas dapat dilihat bahwa conjunction dapat menghubungkan berbagai unit
bahasa yang setara.

Jenis dan Contoh Conjunction

Berikut jenis dan contoh conjunction dalam bahasa Inggris.

A. Compound Conjuctions
Compound conjuction dalah kata sambung yang menghubungkan hal-hal yang setara,
misalnya subject dengan subject, verb dengan verb, object dengan object, adverb dengan
adverb, adjective dengan adjective, dsb.
Compound conjuction dibagi menjadi 2, antara lain:

1. Coordinate Conjuction
Anggota:

F–A–N–B–O–Y–S
Keterangan:

For (karena) She was absent yesterday, for she was sick.
And (dan) Mr. Wilson invited me and him.
Nor (tidak juga) He can not see nor hear.
But (tetapi) The shoes are old but comfortable.
Or (atau) Is Sam sleeping or going somewhere?
Yet (tetapi) She didn’t study, yet she passed the exam.
So (sehingga) He was tired, so he went to bed.
Catatan:
a) FANBOYS selalu terletak di tengah kalimat atau di antara dua kalimat. Tidak dibenarkan
meletakkan mereka di awal kalimat. Contoh:
CORRECT : The child hid behind his mother’s skirt, for he was
afraid of the dog.
INCORRECT : For he was afraid of the dog, the child hid behind
his mother’s skirt.
Namun conjuction lain bisa digunakan untuk menggantikannya ketika di awal kalimat.
Contoh:

Because he was afraid of the dog, the child hid behind his mother’s skirt.
b) Conjuction for, yet, dan so selalu menghubungkan kalimat dan koma selalu
mengawali mereka.
c) And, ketika menghubungkan dua kalimat, memiliki tanda baca sebagai berikut:
It was raining hard, and there was a strong wind.
Umumnya, conjunction diawali dengan sebuah koma ketika menghubungkan dua
kalimat.
It was raining hard and there was a strong wind.
Jika kalimat yang dihubungkan merupakan kalimat-kalimat pendek, koma dapat
dihilangkan.
It was raining hard. And there was a strong wind.
Pada penulisan yang sifatnya informal, and dapat memulai sebuah kalimat baru.
2. Correlative Conjuction
Correlative conjuction terdiri dari konjungsi-konjungsi yang berpasangan.
Anggota:

Both… and…
Not only… but also…
Either… or…
Neither… nor…
Pola:

plural verb (are, were, have,

Both SUBJECT and SUBJECT do, take, etc)
Not only SUBJECT but also SUBJECT plural/ singular verb (is,
Either or was, has, does, takes, etc)*
 Neither nor
* Plural dan singular-nya ditentukan dari subjek yang belakang.
Contoh:

Both the driver and the passager were injured in the accident.
Not only she but also I am studying chemistry.
Not only I but also she is studying chemistry.
Either Mr. Anderson or Ms. Wiggins is going to teach our class today.
Neither my sister nor my parents have been here.
Neither my parents nor my sister has been here.
B. Complex Conjuctions
Complex conjunction adalah kata sambung yang menghubungkan antara main clause (induk
kalimat) dan subordinate clause (anak kalimat). Bertemunya dua jenis klausa ini akan
membentuk kalimat. Adapun anggota complex conjunction meliputi konjungsi selain
compound conjuction, seperti: when, while, which, what, when, where, that, after, before, till,
until, because, although, if, dsb. Pola:
Main Cl: S + V + (O) + (A)
Sub Cl: Conj + S + V + (O) + (A)
Sentence: Main Cl + Sub Cl atau Sub Cl + Main Cl
Contoh:

He was talking on the phone when I arrived.

We stayed there until we finished our work.
After she graduates, she will get a job.
I had left before he came.
He went to bed because he was sleepy.
Fungsi Conjunction
Secara garis besar, fungsi conjunction dalam bahasa Inggris adalah sebagai:

1. Penambahan (cumulative)

She is both a teacher and a writer.

2. Pilihan (alternative)

You can take either the white candy or the red one.

Mrs Nia is humble, but her sister isn’t.

3. Pertentangan (adversative)
4. Kesimpulan (conclusion)

I am ready, so let’s go now.

5. Keterangan tambahan (apposition)
 They loved each other until they passed away together.
6. Hubungan sebab akibat (cause and effect)

He didn’t attend the lecture because he had to take her mother to the hospital.
7. Pengaruh atau akibat (impact)

This soup is so hot that I cannot eat it.

You have to drink much in order that you keep hydrated.

8. Maksud dan tujuan (purpose)
9. Syarat (condition)

You will get it done if you focus on finishing it.

10. Pernyataan mengalah (concession)

He worked all day even though he was sick.

11. Perbandingan (comparison)

My house is larger than yours.

12. Cara (manner)

He got the ticket as he came earlier.

13. Waktu (time)

You can use my PC while I am outside.

SOAL
1. I have a stomachache, ... I will come to school.
a. Since b. Because
c. However d. Unless
2. My brother ... I went to the workshop to repair our car.
a. And b. Or
c. Neither d. But
3. He apologized ... his mistakes.
a. As b. But
c. For d. Because
4. After months of trying and studying hard, Nana ... passed the UTBK
a. Initially b. Therefore
c. Consequently d. Finally
5. ... there is a storm here, we have delayed our flight
a. Due to b. Since
c. Because of d. Yet
6. Radha knows French;…., we have selected her to head our operations in France.
a. Therefore b. Otherwise
c. Moreover d. Provided
7. It wasn’t my will, yours.
a. Nor b. or
c. But also d. But
8. She never helps anyone………having a lot of money.
a. Otherwise b. However
c. Inspite of d. Instead
9. My mother……I went to the market for shopping.
a. Or b. Neither
c. Either d. And
10. Thomas was not telling the truth.... he was shouting at me.
a. Provided b. Moreover
c. Although d. In order to
11. .. his sister, he is very naughty.
a. Likely b. Similar
c. Unlike d. Differently
12. Our new classmate is not bad;….. , he’s very kind.
a. Furthermore b. Rather
c. The more d. The less
13. Neither Indah ….. her friends ate lunch here yesterday.
a. Nor b. or
c. But also d. But
14. ... being very rich, he never shows off.
a. Other than b. Despite
c. Instead d. Otherwise
15. ... it is very cold there, we have postponed our visit.
a. Since b. Yet
c. Due to d. Because of
16. The school provides good facilities, still many students ....
a. Have enjoyed studying here
b. Have her friends join the school
c. Have a great hope from this school have
d. Have been satisfied with them
17. ... Prabu rarely does his vocal rehearsal, he is always one of the best singers in any
singing contest.
a. Whenever b. Since
c. Because d. Although
18. Kim eats many egg whites before work out .... he wants to gain weight.
a. Because b. So that
c. Even though d. As
19. Sammy had someone handle her passport ……..he went to abroad.
a. When b. Before
c. However d. Therefore
20. You shouldn’t go out… its raining heavily.
a. For b. Already
c. Because d. But
21. Pak Hadi : The Usman family is poor.

Pak Kasim : We all know it. ..., they can send their children to universities.
a. Despite the fact that they are poor
b. They are poor despite the fact
c. However they are poor
d. They are poor although
22. My brother wants to go hiking in the mountains ..., my sister prefers to go to beach.
a. Moreover b. On the other hand
c. Otherwise d. Consequently
23. Although there is a vacancy for an experienced receptionist at the Ratna Hotel, I am not
interested in applying for it because the pay is not so good, moreover, ....
a. The working condition is quite good
b. It gives incentives to motivate workers
c. There is no promise for advancement
d. The pay includes various allowances
24. The expensive treatment had been well researched, however ....
a. It cured the patient effectively b. It was not very effective
c. It made the patient feel well d. It did not cause discomfort
25. Smoking can be the cause of many illnesses and respiratory disorders, ... , it may harm
non-smokers.
a. Otherwise b. Nevertheless
c. In addition d. Consequently
26. John is a very lazy student besides, ....
a. He is good at extracurricular activities
b. He always does his homework
c. He never pays attention at class
d. He sometimes practices English
27. I like this hotel very much; everything is so artistically arranged and ....
a. Good care to be given to all facilities
b. All facilities are well taken care of
c. The care of all facilities
d. They take good care of all facilities
28. At other times, people enjoy music just for fun. They might, .... Sing 'Ninety-Nine Bottles
of Beer in the Wall when riding a school bus.
a. In addition b. For instance
c. Furthermore d. Such as
29. Sean has to take a part-time job during vacation .... he will not be able to able pay his
tuition fee.
a. Besides b. Therefore
c. Otherwise d. Nevertheless