INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
STANDARD
The difference between a code and a standard is that a code states how to do a specific job
and does not contain all relevant information, but refers to other standards for details.
A code or standard generally mentions three parties - the customer or client, the
manufacturer or producer and the inspection authority. In a code the term shall means
mandatory - must be done, and the term should means recommended - not compulsory.
SPECIFICATION
These variables (listed for each welding process in QW-252 through QW265) are subdivided into essential variables, supplementary essential
variables, and nonessential variables (QW-401). The "Brief of Variables"
listed in the Tables are for reference only. See the complete variable in
Welding Data of Article IV.
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QW-430 F-Numbers
QW-432 of ASME Sec. IX groups electrodes and welding rods based
essentially on their usability characteristics, which fundamentally
determine the ability of welders to make satisfactory welds with a given
filler metal.
This grouping is made to reduce the number of welding procedure and
performance qualifications, where this can logically be done.
Steel and steel alloys
Aluminium and aluminium alloys
F-No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
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QW-442 A-Numbers
A-No. is determined based on chemical composition of a filler metal,
which is obtained from manufacturers specification or laboratory testing.
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Contents of WPS
Informasi harus cukup detil agar pengelasan yang dilakukan akan
memenuhi persyaratan code, standard, atau spesifikasi yang diminta.
Informasi harus jelas dan dapat diikuti oleh welder dan welding
operator tanpa mengalami kesulitan.
Item-item yang harus tercantum pada WPS:
Scope
Base Metal
Welding Processes
Type, Classification, Composition of
Filler Metals
Type of Current and Current Range
Arc Voltage and Travel Speed
Joint Design and Tolerances
Joint Preparation and Cleaning of
Surfaces for Welding
WPS Qualification
WPS harus dikualifikasi untuk mendemonstrasikan bahwa variabelvariabel yang disebutkan dalam WPS akan menghasilkan sifat mekanis
sambungan las yang memenuhi spesifikasi dan aplikasi yang
disyaratkan.
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26
28
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Uji WPQT biasanya dilakukan pada posisi tersulit yang dijumpai dalam
produksi.
Kualifikasi yang dilakukan pada posisi yang lebih sulit dapat mengkualifikasi pengelasan untuk posisi yang lebih mudah
Kualifikasi pada sambungan tumpul secara otomatis akan mengkualifikasi
sambungan fillet pada posisi yang sama.
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NDT
: visual + radiografi
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WPQT
fail
Initial WPS
Parameter
changes
pass
Qualified
Welder
Procedure
Qualification
fail
accepted
Certification
(if required)
Production
WPS
PQR
Certified
Welder
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