ANIME

SEJARAH DAN
PERKEMBANGANNYA

D efi
nisiAnim e m enurut Jepang

Poitras (2008)

Berasal dari sumber yang sama dari animasi dari luar negeri

Asal Anime

Karya animasi komersial pertama : anime singkat yang mendampi

Setelah masa post-war, industri animasi Jepang

mulai bersemangat untuk bangkit

Tahun 1950-an

Animasi Jepang kedua

1960-an

Gigantor

Tezuka Osamu

Maho tsukai Sarii (The Witch Sally)

1970-an

1979

1980-an

1980-an

1980-an

1980-an

H ayao M iyazakiD ebut

1984

 Akhir 80-an
Anime berjudul Akira,

oleh Katsuhiro Otomo,

berdasarkan pada
manga terkenal yang
berjudul sama
Dirilis tahun 1988
Setting Neo Tokyo,
tahun 2019

1990-an

Salah Satu ProduksiG ainax (N eon

G enesis Evangelion)
Shinseki ebangerion (Neon Genesis Evangelion,

1995), which was perhaps the most critically

acclaimed animeTV series of the decade,
energizing the entire industry with its large adult
following.
giant robot show unlike any ever made.
Its complex story, set fifteen years after a
cataclysm that had wiped out half of humanity,
raised more questions than it answered.
Neon Genesis Evangelion had become a major
phenomenon in Japan and a massive commercial
success.

1990-an

2000-an

 Today,

a mix of digitally painted twodimensional images and three- dimensional

computer effects has become an accepted
technique for producing anime.
Rasuto egusairu (Last Exile, 2003), Maho tsukai
ni taisetsu na koto (Somedays Dreamers,
2003), Uitchi hunta robin (Witch Hunter Robin,
2002), the Kokaku kidotai inosensu (Ghost in
the Shell 2 Innocence, 2004) feature, and the
Kokaku kidotai Stand Alone Complex (Ghost in
the Shell Stand Alone Complex 1st and 2nd GIG,
2002, 2004) television series.

Penghargaan atas anim e

Miyazakis Sen to Chihiro no

Kamikakushi (Spirited Away, 2001)

won the Berlin Film Festivals Golden
Bear Award in 2002 and the Oscar
for Best Animated Feature Film in
2003.

Hayao
Miyazaki
dan
KaryaKaryany
a

BiografiSingkat
Lahir di Tokyo 5 Januari 1941.
Ayahnya , Katsuji Miyazaki, adalah seorang aeronautical engineer
1963 setelah lulus dari Universitas Gakushuin jurusan ilmu

politik dan ekonomi, memulai karir sebagai animator di Toei Doga

company dan terlibat dalam awal pembuatan animasi Jepang
klasik menarik perhatian karena keahlian menggambarnya yang
luar biasa dan ide-ide yang dikeluarkannya
1971 pindah ke A Pro dengan Isao Takahata
1973 Pindah ke Nippon Animation, dimana ia terlibat dalam
pembuatan serial animasi TV berjudul World Masterpiece Theather
1978 menyutradarai serial TV-nya yang pertama yaitu Conan,
The Boy in The Future
1979 Pindah ke Tokyo Movie Shinsha dan menyutradaii film
pertamanya yaitu Lupin III : The Castle of Caglliostro

1984 Merilis Nausicaa of the Valley of Wind yang berdasarkan

manga berjudul sama (manga tersebut ia rilis 2 tahun yang lalu)

Mendirikan Studio Ghibli (film-film yang diproduksi oleh
studio ini mendapat apresiasi yang bagus)
1997 membuat Princess Mononoke yang dirilis oleh Disney
dan diputar di USA menerima Japan Academy Award for Best
Film dengan pendapatan tertinggi sepanjang sejarah film di
Jepang
Karya lain yang juga mendapatkan penghasilan tertinggi setelah
itu adalah Spririted Away (2001)
2003 Castle in the Sky: Volumes 1-4, adaptasi dari film
yang sama di tahun 1986 film dirilis
2004 membuat Howl's Moving Castle, berdasarkan
pengarang Inggris Diana Wynne Jones.

M engapa Film 2 M iyazaki

begitu Terkenal?
Banyak yang melihat pleasure
dalam karyanya. Pleasure seperti
apa?
keseluruhan dalam anime, bisa
dinikmati segala umur bebas
kekerasan dan konten seksual
alternatif bagi acara TV di Jepang
yang membosankan

 People lived, loved, hated, worked, and died without

the ambiguity we find everywhere today. Here lies, I

believe, the meaning of making such a film as we
enter the chaotic times of the twenty-first century. We
are not trying to solve global problems with this film.
There can be no happy ending to the war between the
rampaging forest
gods and humanity. But even in the midst of hatred
and slaughter, there is still much to live for. Wonderful
encounters and beautiful things still exist. We depict
hatred in this film, but only to show there are more
important things. We depict a curse, but only to show
the joy of deliverance. (Miyazaki 2000, 64)

CiriKhas Film M iyazaki

Likes to make films with stories that have

flying as part of the theme and the action.

His films usually focus on young
protagonists or have children that play key
roles in the plot.
Frequently includes scenes or sequences in
which characters fly
Frequently uses music by J Hisaishi
Frequently makes references to nature,
ecology, and polution by man in his films (My
Neighbor
Totoro,
Nausica,
Princess
Mononoke, and Spirited Away).

Films often involve human protaganists

entering a strange land that are forbidden or
otherwise inaccessible (ie: the floating islands of
Castle in the Sky, the forests in Princess
Mononoke, the spirit land in Spirited Away).
Films often have two main characters (male
and female) one of which is magical or has an
unusual past.
Usually includes scenes or stills during the
closing titles that let the viewer see what
happened to the characters after the events
described in the movie.

CiriKhas Film M iyazaki

Often sets his films in Japanese-influenced versions

of European cities
Films often feature incredibly complex machines

maintained by strange male characters. (The pirate's

airship by the old man in Tenk no shiro Rapyuta; The
bathhouse boiler room by Kamaji in Sen to Chihiro no
kamikakushi; Howl's moving castle by Calcifer in Hauru
no ugoku shiro.)
Female protagonists often become part of residences

which are monumentally dirty in some respect and

need their skills to clean it. (Howl's moving castle by
Sophie in Hauru no ugoku shiro; The large bath in
Yubaba's bathhouse by Chihiro/Sen in Sen to Chihiro no
kamikakushi; The pirate's kitchen by Sheeta in Tenk no
shiro Rapyuta.)

 Many of his films criticize the use of

violence as a means to an end while promoting

peaceful reconciliation with one's enemies.
Often features a pig or an animal related to
a pig in his films
[gorging on food] Sometimes shows a
character or a group of characters gorging on
a meal.
(http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0594503/bio,

akses 1 Oktober 2012 jam 21:00)

Kekuatan Anim e dibanding dengan Anim asi

Barat
1. Kekuatan karakter
2. Sumber cerita kebanyakan dari manga
3. Ada pengaruh kesusastraan di

dalamnya nuansa musim untuk

menunjukkan kepada audiens setting
dari cerita tersebut. Mis : Cerita anak
sekolah musim semi awal tahun
ajaran baru, matsuri dll
4. Adanya permainan ekspresi pada
mata sama dengan manga

 5. Produk yang dikonsumsi oleh

pasar domestik maupun global

(mulai tahun 60-an)
Ex. The 1965 television anime
adaptation of Osamu Tezuka s
Jungaru taitei (literally, Jungle
Emperor), known in the United States
as Kimba the White Lion
6. Anime as a window to Japan

Referensi
MacMillan. 2008. Japan Visual

Culture. USA : Westview.

http://www.notablebiographies.com/n
ewsmakers2/2006-Le-Ra/MiyazakiHayao.html