manifestations of LF
Introduction: Purpose of the module
Illustrations courtesy of the USAID-funded MMDP Project led by Helen Keller International
Signs and symptoms of filarial hydrocele
Pembengkakan skrotum
(dewasa)
Ultrasound
Stadium hydrocele
Physical examination – Hydrocele (cont’d)
Inguinal hernia
Varicocele
Spermatocele
Epididymitis
Testicular carcinoma
Chylocele
Hydrocele staging
Stage I Stage II
Source: Capuano GP, Capuano C. Surgical management of morbidity due to lymphatic filariasis: the usefulness of a standardized international clinical classification of hydroceles.
Tropical Biomed. 2012;29:24-38.
Hydrocele staging
Source: Capuano GP, Capuano C. Surgical management of morbidity due to lymphatic filariasis: the usefulness of a standardized international clinical classification of hydroceles.
Tropical Biomed. 2012;29:24-38.
Hydrocele Staging
Stage V Stage VI
Source: Capuano GP, Capuano C. Surgical management of morbidity due to lymphatic filariasis: the usefulness of a standardized international clinical classification of hydroceles.
Tropical Biomed. 2012;29:24-38.
Signs and symptoms of acute attacks
Rasa sakit
Kemerahan
Hangat
• Daerah endemik
• Asimetris
Primary lymphoedema
congenital, absence of valves in lymphatics, Milroy’s disease (oedema)
Secondary lymphoedema
pembedahan, iradiasi, keganasan, jaringan parut, podoconiosis, kusta, leishmaniasis
Stadium limfedema
Dreyer, 7 stadium untuk tenaga kesehatan
Simplified, 3 stadium untuk kader
• Pembengkakan Reversible :
• hilang setelah bangun tidur
Stage 2
• Pembengkakan Irreversible:
• Tidak hilang setelah bangun tidur
Stage 3
1‒2
4‒7
Other objective measurements for
lymphoedema
Limb circumference
Volume displacement
What is the most feasible intervention follow-up
schedule?
Example
What reporting tools will be used to monitor
lymphoedema activities?
Example
Summary