TENDON FLEKSOR
Pembimbing : dr. Patricia M, SpKFR
ANATOMI DAN FISIOLOGI TENDON
Fungsi Tendon :
• transmisikan gaya dari otot ke tulang untuk
menghasilkan gerakan sendi
• shock absorber
• tempat menyimpan energi stretching of
collagen molecules
• untuk mempertahankan postur
proprioceptive properties
Amadio PC. Advances in Understanding of Tendon Healing & Repair & Effect on
Postoperative Management. In:Rehabilitation of the Hand & upper Extremity.
Flexor Tendon Injury
1. Umur
– Lansia jumlah vincula menurun ggn suplai darah potensi healing
menurun
– Sel yg menua kapasitas penyembuhan tenocyt menurun.
2. Keadaan umum & potensi healing
– Pola hidup & nutrisi berpengaruh pd proses healing
– perokok & peminum kopi proses healing lambat
3. Pembentukan scar
– Penderita yg cenderung cepat membentuk scar & keras sulit dlm th/
mobilisasi & resiko terjadi ruptur tendon
4. Motivasi pasien
– Motivasi & kemampuan pasien mengikuti program/protokol paska operasi
5. Faktor sosio-ekonomi
– Dpt membantu a/menghambat.
Faktor yg berhub dg injury & operasi
1. Level injury
• Zone 1: tendon tdk mempunyai ekskursi yg besar.
Adhesi mudah terjadi.
• Zone 2: ‘no man’s land. Repair pd daerah ini sering
tdk berhasil.
• Zone 3: mdh terjd adhesi pd tendon sekitar lumbrical,
interossei & fascia serta kulit diatasnya.
• Zone 4: resiko terjadi adhesi dg synovial sheath, antar
tendon & struktur dlm ruang carpal tunnel.
• Zone 5: adhesi antar tendon & paratenon krn
paratenon jaringan yg longgar adhesi yg terjadi
biasanya tdk mrpk masalah serius.
2. Tipe injury
– Luka compang camping a/ crush injury, infeksi & lambatnya
proses healing
– Prognosis lbh baik pd lesi parsial dibanding lesi komplit
3. Integritas sheath
– Sheath & pulley sering terkena pd zone 1 & 2.
– Injury pd pulley kurangi perbaikan mekanik & ggn proses
penyembuhan krn pulley berperan pd difusi sinovial
4. Teknik operasi & waktu repair
– Kekuatan jahitan merupakan hal sgt penting agar penderita
dpt lakukan program rehabilitasi dg tepat
– Semakin lama dilakukan repair, dpt sebabkan kesulitan dlm
program rehabilitasi.
Treatment of flexor tendon laceration
• Partial laceration < 25 % tendon substance can be
treated by beveling the cut edges.
• Laceration 25-50% 6-0 nylon suture in the epitenon
• Laceration > 50% complete repair with core suture & an
epitenon suture
• FDP laceration repair directly or advanced & reinserted
into phalanx w/ a pull out wire, but should not be
advanced > 1 cm to avoid the quadregia effect (a
complication of single digit w/ limited motion causing
limitation of excursion & the motion of the uninvolved
digits)
VINCULAE
Penatalaksanaan Rehabilitasi
1. Imobilisasi : Tendon di imobilisasi slm 3-4 mgg sblm
dilakukan mobilisasi pasif & aktif
2. Early Passive Mobilization hati2Hasil lbh baik
krn mobilisasi dini:
• cegah perlekatan
• pacu proses penyembuhan & difusi sinovial
• Repair yg lbh kuat
• Cegah penurunan tensile strength daerah repair
3. Early Active Mobilization
• Mobilisasi dini pd cedera baru dg tendon yg edematous
• Exercise fleksi aktif termsk tendon yg cedera menarik tendon
ke arah prox menghasilkan gliding tendon yg lbh baik.
• Digunakan tu pd repair tendon zona 2
Fase Imobilisasi
(Cifaldi Collins)
Early stage (0 sp 3-4 mgg)
• Ortosis: dorsal forearm-based orthosis a/ cast (fleksi
wrist 10-30⁰, fleksi MCP 40-60⁰, IP joint full
ekstensi) dipakai 24 jam kec terapi 1-2x/mgg.
• Exercise:
– u/ zona 3: terapi dimulai 24 jam stlh repair
– u/ zona 2: istirahat spi 48 jam stlh operasi u/ mengurangi
inflamasi post operatif
– Latihan dilakukan setiap 4 jam dlm ortosis, termsk semua
jari2 & terdiri dr 2x repetisi setiap full passive flexion,
active flexion & active extension
• Goal dlm minggu pertama: full passive flexion, full
active axtension, fleksi aktif PIP 30⁰ & 5-10⁰ fleksi DIP
• Fleksi aktif diharapkan meningkat scr bertahap
seiring wkt PIP 80-90 ⁰ & 50-60 ⁰ DIP dlm 4 mgg.
Early Active Mobilization
Precaution
• No active DIP flexion of involved digits.
• No active wrist flexion.
• No passive finger extension, except as noted
above.
Zone 1, FDP Flexor Tendon Repair Protocol
3 weeks
Therapeutic exercises:
• Add place/hold fisting in all three fist positions, using minimal
tension.
• Continue with all previous exercises. (Patient may perform all
exercises at home)
Splint :
• Bring wrist to neutral in dorsal blocking splint.
• Discard DIP flexion splint.
Precaution :
• No functional use of hand
• No resistive exercise.
Zone 1, FDP Flexor Tendon Repair Protocol
4 Weeks
Therapeutic exercises
• Active tendon gliding in all three fist positions.
• Gentle DIP flexion blocking exercises for FDP gliding.
Splint
• Convert splint to hand based dorsal block splint.
Precaution
• Ensure smooth gliding tendons, minimal tension
during ROM.
• Avoid resistance until weeks 7-8.
• Light prehensile activities OK in therapy.
Zone 1, FDP Flexor Tendon Repair Protocol
5 weeks
• May use static progressive splints to regain DIP
extension if needed
Splint
• Discontinue splint.
others
• Light prehensileactivities OK at home.
Zone 1, FDP Flexor Tendon Repair Protocol
6 weeks
• Gentle passive DIP extension exercises if
needed
• May initiate NMES, therapeutic heating via
ultrasound if needed.
8 weeks
• Resistive exercise; progress gradually.