Disusun Oleh:
Mohamad Firzon Ainur Roziqin (180535632548)
Naziro (180535632589)
S1 TI OFF B 2018
1. Tujuan Praktikum
1. Menjelaskan tentang fungsi operator
2. Menjelaskan tentang fungsi operasi kondisi
2. Dasar Teori
A. Operator
Operator merupakan simbol atau karakter yang biasa dilibatkan dalam program
untuk melakukan sesuatu operasi atau manipulasi
Contoh :
Penjumlahan, pengurangan, pembagian dan lain-lain
Sifat-sifat operator :
a. Unary : Sifat unary pada operator hanya melibatkan sebuah operand pada
suatu operasi aritmatik. Contoh : -5
b. Binary : Sifat binary pada operator melibatkan dua buah operand pada
suatu operasi aritmatik. Contoh : 4 +
c. Ternary : Sifat tenary pada operator melibatkan tiga buah operand pada
suatu operasi aritmatik. Contoh : (10 % 3) + 4 + 2
Jenis-jenis operator:
a. Operator aritmetika
Operator Keterangan Contoh
* Perkalian 4*5
/ Pembagian 8/2
% Sisa Bagi 5%2
+ Penjumlahan 8+8
- Pengurangan 4-2
b. Operator Unary
Operator Keterangan Contoh
+ Tanda plus -4
- Tanda minus +6
Operator Keterangan
* Atau / Tingkatan operator sama, penggunaannya
tergantung letak dan yang di depan
didahulukan
% Sisa pembagian
+ Atau - Tingkatan operator sama, penggunaannya
tergantung letak dan yang di depan
didahulukan
Contoh:
A=8+2*3/6
Langkah perhitungannya :
A = 8 + 6/6 dimana 6/6 = 1
A=8+1
A=9
Tingkatan operator ini dapat diabaikan dengan penggunaan tanda kurung
(dan)
Contoh:
A = (8 + 2) * 3 / 6
Langkah perhitungannya :
A = 10 * 3/6 dimana 8 + 2 = 10
A = 30 / 6
A=5
1
Abdul Kadir, “Belajar Sendiri Pasti Bisa Pemrograman C++”, (Yogyakarta:Penerbit Andi, 2014), hal.98.
<= Kurang dari sama dengan
>= Lebih dari sama dengan
, Operator koma TERENDAH Kiri ke
kanan
c. Operator penugasan
Operator penugasan (Assignment operator) dalam bahasa C++ berupa
tanda sama dengan (“=”).
Contoh :
nilai = 80;
A = x * y; Penjelasan :
variable “nilai” diisi dengan 80 dan
variable “A” diisi dengan hasil perkalian antara x dan y.
Operator Keterangan
= Sama dengan (bukan pemberi nilai)
!= Tidak sama dengan
> Lebih dari
< Kurang dari
>= Lebih dari sama dengan
<= Kurang dari sama dengan
f. Operator Logika
Operator logika digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua atau lebih
ungkapan menjadi sebuah ungkapan berkondisi.
Operator Keterangan Contoh
&& Operator Logika AND m && n
|| Operator Logika OR m || n
! Operator Logika NOT !m
g. Operator Bitwise
Operator Bitwise digunakan untuk memanipulasi data dalam bentuk bit
Operator Keterangan
<< Bitwise Shift Left
>> Bitwise Shift Right
& Bitwise AND
^ Bitwise XOR
| Bitwise OR
~ Bitwise NOT
Operator OR
Operator Bitwise | (OR) digunakan untuk membandingkan bit dari
dua buah operand. Akan bernilain benar jika ada salah satu operand yang
digabungkan ada yang bernilai benar (1)
Contoh :
21 | 17 = 21
0001 0101 OR
0001 0001 =
0001 0101
Operator XOR
Operator Bitwise ^ (XOR) digunakan untuk membandingkan bit dari dua
buah operand. Akan bernilain benar (1) jika ada salah dua bit operand
yang dibandingkan hanya sebuah bernilai benar (1).
Bit Operand 1 Bit Operand 1 Hasil Operand
0 1 0
0 0 1
1 1 1
1 0 0
Contoh :
21 | 17 = 4
0001 0101
OR
0001 0001 =
0000 0100
h. Operasi Kondisi
Pernyataan percabangan pada pemrograman digunakan untuk
memecahkan persoalan untuk mengambil suatu keputusan diantara sekian
pernyataan yang ada, dimana sebuah instruksi (pernyataan) akan
dilaksanakan jika sebuah kondisi/persyaratan terpenuhi.
Pernyataan IF
Pernyataan if mempunyai pengertian” jika kondisi bernilai benar,
maka (pernyataan) perintah akan dikerjakan dan jika tidak
memenuhi syarat maka program akan diabaikan”
Diagram Alir Penulisan
if ( kondisi )
{
Pernyataan 1
}
Pernyataan IF ELSE
Pernyataan if mempunyai pengertian “ jika kondisi bernilai benar,
maka pernyataa1 akan dikerjakan dan jika tidak memenuhi syarat
maka akan mengerjakan pernyataan2”. Dari pengertian tersebut
dapat dilihat di diagram alir pada gambar 2. diagram alir if else
Diagram Alir Penulisan Kode
if ( kondisi )
{
Pernyataan 1
}
else
{
Pernyataan 2
}
Pernyataan IF Majemuk
Bentuk dari if-else bertingkat sebenarnya mirip dengan nested if.
Keuntungan penggunaan if-else bertingkat dibanding dengan
nested if adalah bentuk penulisan yang lebih sederhana
Switch ( Ekspresi )
{
case Konstata 1:
pernyataan 1;
break;
case Konstata 2:
pernyataan 2;
break;
case Konstata 3:
pernyataan 3;
break;
default:
pernyataan lain;
3. Latihan Praktikum
- Latihan Praktikum 1
Script Program
#include <iostream>
#include <conio.h>
int main()
{
int a = 82,b = 26,c = 10;
cout<<"-a = "<<-a<<endl;
cout<<a<<" + "<<b<<" = "<<a+b<<endl;
cout<<a<<" - "<<b<<" = "<<a-b<<endl;
cout<<a<<" * "<<b<<" = "<<a*b<<endl;
cout<<a<<" / "<<b<<" = "<<a/b<<endl;
cout<<a<<" % "<<b<<" = "<<a%b<<endl;
cout<<a<<" - "<<b<<" * "<<c<<" = "<<a-b*c<<endl;
cout<<"("<<a<< " + " <<b<<") / "<<c<<" = "<<(a+b)/c<<endl;
getch();
}
Tampilan Program 1
Deskripsi Latihan
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- Latihan Praktikum 2
Script Program
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
}
Algoritma Program (Flowchart)
Tampilan Program 2
Deskripsi Latihan
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Latian Praktikum Program 3
Script Program
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
int m , n ;
cout<<"Masukkan niali m : ";
cin>>m;
cout<<"\n";
cout<<"Masukkan nilai n : ";
cin>>n;
cout<<"\n";
if (m == n) cout<<m<<" Sama Dengan "<<n<<endl;
else if (m != n) cout<<m<<" Tidak Sama Dengan "<<n<<endl;
cout<<"\n";
if (m > n) cout<<m<<" lebih besar dari "<<n<<endl;
else if (m > n) cout<<m<<" Lebih kecil dari "<<n<<endl;
Tampilan Program 3
Deskripsi Program
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Script Program
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a, b, c;
cout<<"Masukan nila a = ";
cin>>a;
b=(a+4<10);
c=! (b);
cout<<endl<<"Program ekspresi not"<<endl;
cout<<"Nilai a = "<<a<<endl;
cout<<"Nilai b = (a+4<10)="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"Nilai c = ! (b) = "<<c;
getch();
}
Deskripsi Program
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
int x, a, b, c, d, e, y;
cout<<"Masukkan Nilai x = ";
cin>>x;
a=x;
b=x;
a <<1 ; //geser ke kiri//
cout<<"\n Hasil dari Geser 1 bit Kekiri = "<<x<<endl;
b = b >> 1; // geser ke kanan 1 bit//
cout<<"\n Hasil dari Geser 1 bit Kekiri = "<<x<<endl;
cout<<"Masukkan Nilai y = ";
cin>>y;
c = x & y;
d = x | y;
e = x ^ y;
cout<<"\n Hasil dari X Bitwis AND Y = "<<c<<endl;
cout<<"\n Hasil dari X Bitwise OR Y = "<<d<<endl;
cout<<"\n Hasil dari X Bitwise XOR Y = "<<e<<endl;
getch();
}
Tampilan Program 5
Deskripsi Program
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Script Program
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
char x;
int y;
cout<<"Apakah kamu laki-laki (Y/N)?? ";
cin>>x;
if (x == 'y' | x == 'Y')
{
cout<<"Berapakah usia kamu ?";
cin>> y;
if (y<= 20)
cout<<"Hallo MAS Browwwwww";
else
cout<<"Selamat siang Bapak";
}
else
{
cout<<"Berapakah usia kamu ?";
cin>> y;
if (y <= 20)
cout<< "Hallo Mbak Brow";
else
cout<<"Selamat siang bu";
}
}
Tampilan Program 6
Deskripsi Program
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Tugas Praktikum
Script Program
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
int x, y, a, z;
cout<<"masukkan nilai X =";
cin>>x;
cout<<"Masukkan nilai Y =";
cin>>y;
cout<<"Operasi yang dapat dilakukan \n";
cout<<"1. Penjumlahan \n";
cout<<"2. Pembagian \n";
cout<<"3. pengurangan \n";
cout<<"4. perkalian \n";
cin>>a;
switch (a) {
case 1 :
z = x+y;
cout<<"Nilai x+y = "<<z;
break;
case 2 :
z = x/y;
cout<<"Nilai x : y ="<<z;
break;
case 3 :
z = x-y;
cout<<" Nilai x - y ="<<z;
break;
case 4 :
z= x*y;
cout<<" Nilai x*y="<<z;
break;
default :
cout<<"PILIHAN TIDAK DIKETAHUI" ;
}
getch ();}
Deskripsi Program
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Script Program
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <string>
#include <math.h>
string str_menu[20] = {
"1. Volume Bola",
"2. Volume Prisma",
"3. Konversi Suhu",
"4. Volume Tabung",
"5. Keluar"
};
void volumeBola();
void volumePrisma();
void konversiSuhu();
void volumeTabung();
void menu();
void pilihan();
void kembali();
int main(){
menu();
return 0;
}
void menu(){
for (int i=0; i<5; i++){
cout << str_menu[i] << "\n";
}
pilihan();
}
void pilihan(){
int pilih;
printf("Pilih menu: "); cin >> pilih;
switch (pilih){
case 1: volumeBola(); break;
case 2: volumePrisma(); break;
case 3: konversiSuhu(); break;
case 4: volumeTabung(); break;
default: printf("Menu tidak valid"); getch(); menu(); break;
}
}
void kembali(){
char pilih;
printf("Kembali ke menu? : "); cin >> pilih;
if (pilih == 'y' || pilih == 'Y'){
menu();
}
else if (pilih == 'n' || pilih == 'N'){
}
else {
printf("Masukan tidak valid"); getch();
}
}
void volumeBola(){
float r, hasil;
printf("Masukkan jari-jari bola (cm): "); cin >> r;
hasil = 4.f/3.f*pow(r, 3.f);
printf("Volume bola adalah: %g\n", hasil);
kembali();
}
void volumePrisma(){
float p, l, t, hasil;
printf("Masukkan panjang prisma (cm): "); cin >> p;
printf("Masukkan lebar prisma (cm): "); cin >> l;
printf("Masukkan tinggi prisma (cm): "); cin >> t;
hasil = 1.f/2.f*p*l*t;
printf("Volume prisma adalah: %g\n", hasil);
kembali();
}
void konversiSuhu(){
float c, hasil;
printf("Masukkan suhu (celcius): "); cin >> c;
hasil = c+273.f;
printf("%g derajat Celcius ke Kelvin: %g\n", c, hasil);
kembali();
}
void volumeTabung(){
float r, t, hasil;
printf("Masukkan jari-jari tabung (cm): "); cin >> r;
printf("Masukkan tinggi tabung (cm): "); cin >> t;
hasil = 22.f/7.f*r*r*t;
printf("Volume tabung adalah: %g\n", hasil);
kembali();
}
Script Program
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
int no, ukuran;
cout << "masukkan kode marmer : ";
cin>>no;
cout<<"masukan ukuran : ";
cin>>ukuran;
if(no == 1){
cout<<"jenis marmer : ";
if(ukuran ==40){
cout<<"harganya 200000/m2 : ";
}
else if(ukuran == 50){
cout<<"harganya 220000/m2 : ";
}
else cout<<"harganya 250000/m2 : ";
}
else if(no == 2){
cout<<"jenis marmer = pearl,";
if(ukuran == 40){
cout<<"harganya 150000/m2";
}
else if(ukuran == 50){
cout<<"harganya 160000/m2";
}
else{
cout<<"harganya 170000/m2";
}
}
else if(no == 3){
cout<<"jenis marmer = shade,";
if(ukuran ==40){
cout<<"harganya 200000/m2";
}
else if(ukuran == 50){
cout<<"harganya 200000/m2";
}
else cout<<"harganya 200000/m2";
}
else if(no == 4){
cout<<"jenis marmer = laterite,";
if(ukuran == 40){
cout<<"harganya 300000/m2";
}
else if(ukuran == 50){
cout<<"harganya 300000/m2";
}
if(ukuran == 50){
cout<<"harganya 350000/m2";
}
}
else if (no == 5)
{
cout<<"jenis marmer = coal,";
if(ukuran == 40){
cout<<"harganya 100000/m2";
}
else if(ukuran == 50){
cout<<"harganya 120000/m2";
}
else cout<<"harganya 130000/m2";
}
else cout<<"kode marmer salah";
}
4. Kesimpulan
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5. Daftar Pustaka
Modul 2 Algoritma Pemrograman S1 Teknik Informatika 201 7 Universitas
Negeri Malang
Kadir Abdul. 2014. “Belajar Sendiri Pasti Bisa Pemrograman C++”.
Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi.